CN1103874C - 自攻丝螺钉特别是混凝土螺钉 - Google Patents

自攻丝螺钉特别是混凝土螺钉 Download PDF

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CN1103874C
CN1103874C CN97196599A CN97196599A CN1103874C CN 1103874 C CN1103874 C CN 1103874C CN 97196599 A CN97196599 A CN 97196599A CN 97196599 A CN97196599 A CN 97196599A CN 1103874 C CN1103874 C CN 1103874C
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screw
millimeter
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CN1225710A (zh
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安东·格哈德
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Toge Duebel GmbH and Co KG
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Toge Duebel A Gerhard KG
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16B—DEVICES FOR FASTENING OR SECURING CONSTRUCTIONAL ELEMENTS OR MACHINE PARTS TOGETHER, e.g. NAILS, BOLTS, CIRCLIPS, CLAMPS, CLIPS OR WEDGES; JOINTS OR JOINTING
    • F16B25/00—Screws that cut thread in the body into which they are screwed, e.g. wood screws
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16B—DEVICES FOR FASTENING OR SECURING CONSTRUCTIONAL ELEMENTS OR MACHINE PARTS TOGETHER, e.g. NAILS, BOLTS, CIRCLIPS, CLAMPS, CLIPS OR WEDGES; JOINTS OR JOINTING
    • F16B25/00—Screws that cut thread in the body into which they are screwed, e.g. wood screws
    • F16B25/001—Screws that cut thread in the body into which they are screwed, e.g. wood screws characterised by the material of the body into which the screw is screwed
    • F16B25/0026—Screws that cut thread in the body into which they are screwed, e.g. wood screws characterised by the material of the body into which the screw is screwed the material being a hard non-organic material, e.g. stone, concrete or drywall
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16B—DEVICES FOR FASTENING OR SECURING CONSTRUCTIONAL ELEMENTS OR MACHINE PARTS TOGETHER, e.g. NAILS, BOLTS, CIRCLIPS, CLAMPS, CLIPS OR WEDGES; JOINTS OR JOINTING
    • F16B25/00—Screws that cut thread in the body into which they are screwed, e.g. wood screws
    • F16B25/0036—Screws that cut thread in the body into which they are screwed, e.g. wood screws characterised by geometric details of the screw
    • F16B25/0042—Screws that cut thread in the body into which they are screwed, e.g. wood screws characterised by geometric details of the screw characterised by the geometry of the thread, the thread being a ridge wrapped around the shaft of the screw
    • F16B25/0052—Screws that cut thread in the body into which they are screwed, e.g. wood screws characterised by geometric details of the screw characterised by the geometry of the thread, the thread being a ridge wrapped around the shaft of the screw the ridge having indentations, notches or the like in order to improve the cutting behaviour

Abstract

一种自攻丝螺钉，特别是混凝土螺钉，包括一具有中心纵轴线的圆柱形芯子和与芯子设置成单件的螺纹以及在其圆周范围上设置朝向螺纹圆周开口的三角形构成的切削凹槽，螺纹的两侧面彼此基本上平行地径向朝着中心纵轴线延伸。

Description

自攻丝螺钉特别是混凝土螺钉
本发明涉及根据权利要求1的前序所述的一种自攻丝螺钉。
由EP 0 623 759 B1已知一种自攻丝螺钉，这种自攻丝螺钉的外径与较小直径之比大约为1.25-1.5，其外径与螺距(pitch lead)之比大约为1.5-1.6以及螺纹的侧面角(flank angle)为＜50°和≥35°。
EP 0 433 484 B1提出的一种自攻丝螺钉其螺纹设置近似弓形设计的切割齿，中心切削刃与螺纹牙顶在同一水平位置并反向设置。
本发明的一个目的是实现一种通用型式的自攻丝螺钉从而它可以特别容易地拧入在混凝土或其它材料如砖等上钻的孔内。
根据本发明，该目的通过权利要求1的特征部分中的特征来实现，意外的是，已经发现侧面的平行安排，即具有大约为0°的侧面角，将使当拧入时特别容易拧动，特别在孔的直径在允许公差范围内变化的情况中。一个理由可能归于即使在混凝土或其它材料，诸如砖、碎木粘合板或硬木中切割不同深度的螺纹，对拧入螺纹的材料也没有侧面的压力。螺纹通过切削槽在其整个宽度上切入材料。特别根据权利要求3的实施例其结果是，当拧入螺钉时切出的材料能够在无任何堆积的情况下排出，从属权利要求反映进一步实施例的许多优点。
本发明的进一步特征、优点和细节将从结合附图对实施例的说明中变得显而易见，其中
图1是具有小锥端以便插入的混凝土螺钉平面图：
图2是具有大锥端以便插入的混凝土螺钉平面图；
图3是比图1放大了的混凝土螺钉一部分的平面图；
图4是沿图3中IV-IV线通过螺纹的横截面视图；
图5是沿图3中箭头V的螺纹横向视图；以及
图6是按照图4，通过修改的螺纹实施例的横截面视图；
图1所示螺钉包括在插入端2附近具有小锥度部分3的圆柱芯子1。在芯子的另一端形成一随意设计的头部4。包括锥度部分3在圆柱芯子1上形成带状设计的螺纹5，该螺纹的直径D比所钻的要插入螺钉的孔的名义直径大1.0-2.5毫米，所钻孔的名义直径是国际标准化的，为4，5，6，8，10，12，14，16…毫米。
外径D超过孔的名义直径的量随孔的名义直径增加而增加，在锥度部分3的要插入的端部2处，螺纹5的外径D’比孔的名义直径小一个0.1-0.2毫米的下限量，从而不仅螺钉的末端2而且螺钉的第一圈螺纹或者前两圈螺纹可以无损伤地插入孔中，继第一圈螺纹或前两圈螺纹之后，一至二圈螺纹作为到达具有外径D的螺纹5的过渡，螺纹5具有超过2到4圈螺纹具有这种外径D，而后，外径D再减小0.1-0.2毫米以便具有外径D”，即它仍然超过所钻孔的名义直径，螺纹5无需一定要达到螺钉头的附近；特别对比较长的螺钉适用。
在根据图2的实施例中，所画芯子1的有锥度部分3’形成朝向插入末端2的尖端。
如图4所示，螺纹5具有近似矩形横截面的形状，即两侧面6，7相互平行延伸，这意味着侧面6，7包围一个1°至最大2°的角，因而能使螺纹5在制造中从加工工具上取下。如此小的侧面角仅仅由于制造工具的原因而受到限制。螺纹5的外表面8要象定位在圆柱芯子1上的螺纹5那样与圆柱上的螺旋面一致，螺纹5的宽度6，即侧面6，7彼此之间的最短距离b，是在0.4-1.5毫米的范围内，特别是0.4-1.0毫米，还取决于所钻孔的名义直径。
侧面6，7以小的圆角9绕入芯子1，螺旋5的导角a为15°至30°的范围同时最好为18°至26°的范围。芯子的直径d比相关孔的名义直径小0.2-0.8毫米。
在螺纹5整个自攻部分10a的外表面8上形成切削凹槽，该自攻部分从用以插入的末端2延伸到螺纹5外径D过渡到减小了的外径D”的地方。因而，螺纹5的这一后部是非自攻螺纹部分。在图5的横向视图中，切削凹槽10具有顶角c为50°至90°范围、最好为60°的等腰三角形的形状。在每一凹槽中由画向芯子1的中心纵轴线12的半径11形成顶角c的平分线，切削槽10的长度方向的边13、14、15，即处于过渡到外表面8的两长度方向的边13、15和在顶角c的长度方向的边14平行于轴线12延伸。相对于拧入方向16后面的长度方向边13是切削刃。该切削刃13和长度方向边14之间形成的并沿凹槽10的根部延伸的表面是排屑表面17，切削凹槽的径向高度h为0.1-0.4毫米的范围，最好为0.2-0.3毫米范围，并且取决于所钻孔的名义直径。
切削凹槽10在螺纹5上彼此以标准的距离形成，适用于其圆周方向的圆周尺寸e与其圆周距离f相比成下列关系：e≤f≤3e。
在图6的实施例中，侧面6，7通过斜面19绕在芯子1上，斜面的角度g大约等于45°。在图6中所钻孔的壁20以虚线粗略表示轮廓，可以看出斜面19至少基本上处于所钻孔壁20与芯子1之间的区域。在孔壁20与芯子1之间形成的是腔21，当拧入螺钉时切出的材料通过该腔排出。这些腔必须尽可能大；因而，芯子的直径d就相应地要小。设置斜面的唯一理由是强度，在所钻孔壁20和芯子1之间不进行切削工作，同时在此区域在螺纹5的两侧面6，7与要攻丝的壁之间没有摩擦。
随后的表格表示通常的国际标准化的名义钻孔直径(I列)，自攻螺纹部分10a有关的外径D(II列)，芯子直径d(III列)以及切削凹槽10的相关径向高度h(IV列)。由此表变得很明显，螺纹的外径D超过所钻孔的名义直径1.5-3.5毫米并随着所钻孔名义直径的增加而增加。而且切削凹槽10的径向高度从0.2毫米增加到0.8毫米，芯子直径d小于所钻孔名义直径的范围从对于5毫米名义钻孔直径的0.8-1.2毫米开始上升到在名义钻孔直径12毫米以上情况的1.2-1.6毫米，根据II列非自攻螺纹部分5a的减小了的外径D”与外径D相比小0.1-0.3毫米。
切削凹槽10不必一定具有等腰三角形横截面的形状；同样长度方向边13，14之间形成的排屑表面以及长度方向边14，15之间形成的表面可以稍微弯曲，这可能由于制造工具的原因而造成，至于其余的，上述细节适用于根据图6的实施例。
   I列       II列       III列       IV列
    5      6.5-6.8      3.8-4.2      0.2-0.5
    6      7.5-7.8      4.8-5.2      0.3-0.6
    8     10.5-10.8      6.6-7.0      0.4-0.7
   10     13.0-13.5      8.6-9.0      0.5-0.8
   12     15.0-15.5     10.4-10.8      0.5-0.8
   14     17.0-17.5     12.4-12.8      0.5-0.8
   16     19.0-19.5     14.4-14.8      0.5-0.8
I列＝所钻孔的名义直径(毫米)
II列＝螺纹的外径(毫米)
III列＝芯子的直径(毫米)
IV列＝切削凹槽的径向高度(毫米)

Claims (20)

1.一种自攻丝混凝土螺钉，包括基本上为圆柱形的具有中心纵轴线(12)的芯子(1)；与芯子(1)形成单一件的具有两侧面(6，7)的螺纹(5)；以及设置于螺纹(5)圆周附近并设计成开向圆周的三角形形状的切削凹槽(10)，其特征在于：两侧面(6，7)径向地朝着中心纵向轴线(12)彼此基本上平行地延伸。
2.根据权利要求1所述的螺钉，其特征在于：螺纹(5)设置一外表面(8)，该外表面(8)基本处于一圆柱表面上。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述的螺钉，其特征在于：切削凹槽(10)在过渡到外表面(8)处有长度方向边(13，15)和在根部有长度方向边(14)，这些边基本上平行于中心纵轴线(12)。
4.根据权利要求1所述的螺钉，其特征在于：螺纹(5)的导角a等于15至30°。
5.根据权利要求1所述的螺钉，其特征在于：螺纹(5)的外径D超过相应的所钻孔名义直径1.0-2.5毫米。
6.根据权利要求1所述的螺钉，其特征在于：在其插入的端部(2)上，包括芯子(1)的有锥度部分(3，3’)，沿该部分螺纹(5)具有一小于相应的所钻孔名义直径0.1-0.2毫米的外径D’。
7.根据权利要求1所述的螺钉，其特征在于：芯子直径d比相应的所钻孔的名义直径小0.2-0.8毫米。
8.根据权利要求1所述的螺钉，其特征在于：相邻切削凹槽(10)具有圆周距离f，f相对于切削凹槽的圆周尺寸e的关系为：e≤f≤3e。
9.根据权利要求1所述的螺钉，其特征在于：切削凹槽(10)的径向高度h为0.1-0.4毫米。
10.根据权利要求1所述的螺钉，其特征在于：螺纹(5)的外径D朝向螺钉头(4)减小0.1-0.2毫米。
11.根据权利要求1所述的螺钉，其特征在于：螺纹(5)的外径D超过相应的所钻孔名义直径1.5-3.5毫米。
12.根据权利要求1所述的螺钉，其特征在于：芯子直径d比相应的所钻孔的名义直径小0.8-1.6毫米。
13.根据权利要求1所述的螺钉，其特征在于：切削凹槽(10)的径向高度h为0.2-0.8毫米。
14.根据权利要求1所述的螺钉，其特征在于：切削凹槽(10)具有等腰三角形的横截面形状。
15.根据权利要求1所述的螺钉，其特征在于：切削凹槽(10)具有顶角c，其中：50°≤c≤90°。
16.根据权利要求1所述的螺钉，其特征在于：螺纹(5)的宽度b为0.4-1.5毫米。
17.根据权利要求4所述的螺钉，其特征在于：螺纹(5)的导角a为18至26°。
18.根据权利要求9所述的螺钉，其特征在于：切削凹槽(10)的径向高度h为0.2-0.3毫米。
19.根据权利要求15所述的螺钉，其特征在于：切削凹槽(10)具有顶角c，其中：c≈60°。
20.根据权利要求16所述的螺钉，其特征在于：螺纹(5)的宽度b为0.4-1.0毫米。
CN97196599A 1996-07-29 1997-07-18 自攻丝螺钉特别是混凝土螺钉 Expired - Fee Related CN1103874C (zh)

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DE29612936 1996-07-29
DE29612936.4 1997-03-08
DE29704226U DE29704226U1 (de) 1996-07-29 1997-03-08 Selbstschneidende Schraube, insbesondere Betonschraube
DE29704226.2 1997-03-08

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AT (1) ATE205918T1 (zh)
AU (1) AU712854B2 (zh)
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AU4114597A (en) 1998-02-20
PL186643B1 (pl) 2004-02-27
IL127809A0 (en) 1999-10-28
EP0916030B1 (de) 2001-09-19
NZ333659A (en) 1999-07-29
CN1225710A (zh) 1999-08-11
WO1998004842A1 (de) 1998-02-05
IL127809A (en) 2001-05-20
ATE205918T1 (de) 2001-10-15
AU712854B2 (en) 1999-11-18
KR20000029607A (ko) 2000-05-25
EE03838B1 (et) 2002-08-15
EP0916030A1 (de) 1999-05-19
JP2000516690A (ja) 2000-12-12
EE9900037A (et) 1999-08-16
PL331427A1 (en) 1999-07-19
US6086302A (en) 2000-07-11

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