CN110387481A - A kind of particle refining agent and preparation method thereof reducing aluminium alloy scaling loss - Google Patents
A kind of particle refining agent and preparation method thereof reducing aluminium alloy scaling loss Download PDFInfo
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- CN110387481A CN110387481A CN201910774482.9A CN201910774482A CN110387481A CN 110387481 A CN110387481 A CN 110387481A CN 201910774482 A CN201910774482 A CN 201910774482A CN 110387481 A CN110387481 A CN 110387481A
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- refining agent
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J2/00—Processes or devices for granulating materials, e.g. fertilisers in general; Rendering particulate materials free flowing in general, e.g. making them hydrophobic
- B01J2/22—Processes or devices for granulating materials, e.g. fertilisers in general; Rendering particulate materials free flowing in general, e.g. making them hydrophobic by pressing in moulds or between rollers
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
- C22C1/06—Making non-ferrous alloys with the use of special agents for refining or deoxidising
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C21/00—Alloys based on aluminium
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Abstract
The present invention relates to refining agent preparation technical fields, specifically disclose a kind of particle refining agent and preparation method thereof for reducing aluminium alloy scaling loss, are put into melting furnace after raw material is mixed and carry out melting, smelting temperature >=700 DEG C；Condensation is crushed to solid-state after melting charge is kept the temperature；Powder-material is crushed to condensation to solid mixture；The particle refining agent for using Squeezinggranulator to obtain partial size as 0.83-3.15mm powder-material, the component of the refining agent include 12~15 parts of MgCl by weight2With 8~21 parts of KCl, surplus is fluoride, and the partial size of the particle refining agent is 0.83~3.15mm, and density is 1.25~1.35g/cm3.Solve existing refining agent because of density and aluminum melt similar density using the technical solution in the present invention, refining effect is poor, increase aluminum melt scaling loss the problem of.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to refining agent preparation technical field, in particular to a kind of particle refining agent for reducing aluminium alloy scaling loss and
Preparation method.
Background technique
The alkali metal as present in aluminium alloy stock and the oxide slag inclusion generated in fusion process, to the aluminium of formation
Alloy cast ingot has certain adverse effect, such as the defects of can generate stomata in the tissue of ingot casting, be mingled with, therefore in order to improve
The quality of aluminium alloy cast ingot, it is necessary to which alkali metal, the oxide slag inclusion etc. in aluminum melt are adequately removed.
Refining agent plays the role of vital in aluminum melt removal of impurities, and existing refining agent usually passes through plurality of inorganic salt
Mixed preparing forms according to a certain percentage after drying, its fusing point of the refining agent of this technique preparation is high, and density is often molten with aluminium
The density of body is close, so that refining agent cannot quickly float in aluminum melt, takes away the slag inclusion inside aluminum melt, covers simultaneously
The case where the refining agent of aluminium melt surface there is also sinking, so that the thermal losses of aluminium melt surface is fast, aluminum melt is caused
Surface is further oxidized, and increases the scaling loss of aluminum melt.
Summary of the invention
The present invention provides a kind of particle refining agents and preparation method thereof for reducing aluminium alloy scaling loss, to solve existing essence
The problem of because of density and aluminum melt similar density, refining effect is poor for refining agent, increases aluminum melt scaling loss.
In order to achieve the above object, the technical solution of the present invention is as follows:
A kind of particle refining agent reducing aluminium alloy scaling loss, the raw material of the refining agent includes 12~15 parts by weight
MgCl2With 8~21 parts of KCl, surplus is fluoride, and the partial size of the particle refining agent is 0.83~3.15mm, density 1.25
~1.35g/cm3。
The technical principle and effect of the technical program are:
The density of particle refining agent is small (for 1.25~1.35g/cm in this programme3), and the density of aluminium alloy solution is about
2g/cm3, therefore the density of refining agent will be much smaller than the density of aluminum melt in this programme, such refining agent is applied in aluminum melt essence
During refining, slag group floating upward quickly can be wrapped into the refining agent inside aluminum melt, aluminum melt is discharged, and it is molten to be covered on aluminium
The refining agent in body surface face will not sink, and guarantee that aluminium melt surface thermal loss is low, while reducing the scaling loss of aluminium melt surface.
Further, moisture content≤0.5% in the particle refining agent.
The utility model has the advantages that can have strong oxidation to aluminum melt since moisture exists, it is molten that reduction moisture can be avoided aluminium
The scaling loss of body.
Further, the refining agent is particle in irregular shape.
The utility model has the advantages that irregular particle can be improved the contact area of particle refining agent and aluminum melt, so that
Grain refining agent is rapidly heated thawings, improves its and wraps up the ability that slag is rolled into a ball.
A kind of preparation method for the particle refining agent reducing aluminium alloy scaling loss, comprising the following steps:
Step 1: it is put into melting furnace after magnesium chloride, potassium chloride and fluoride raw material are mixed and carries out melting, smelting temperature
≥700℃；
Step 2: the melting charge of step 1 being kept the temperature, soaking time is greater than 70mim, rear condensation to solid-state；
Step 3: condensation in step 2 being crushed to solid mixture, obtains powder-material；
Step 4: powder-material that step 3 obtains is granulated using Squeezinggranulator, obtain partial size be 0.83~
The particle refining agent of 3.15mm.
The utility model has the advantages that by being squeezed after melting, solidify by magnesium chloride, potassium chloride and fluoride raw material, being crushed in this programme
It is granulated into the particle refining agent of 0.83~3.15mm, and is counted and is shown by industrial production data, using the particle in this programme
After refining agent refines aluminum melt, oxidation folder of the removal rate of alkali metal up to 70~80%, in aluminum melt in aluminum melt
Miscellaneous removal rate significantly reduces the subsequent filter pressure of aluminum melt 70% or more.
1, by MgCl2, the raw materials such as KCl be capable of forming stable binary eutectic compound (MgKCl after being melted3), the change
The fusing point for closing object is lower than MgCl2, the raw materials such as KCl, dissolve refining agent can quickly in aluminum melt, achieve the effect that refining.
2, by being finished particle refining agent by broken powder materials extrusion forming in this programme, such effect exists
In, it is internal that there is small hole due to the particle by Powder Extrusion Molding, the close of particle refining agent can not only be reduced
Degree, while the presence of hole enables particle quickly to absorb the heat in aluminum melt, thus fast melt.
For entering the particle refining agent inside aluminum melt, due to the presence of refining agent inner pore, so that its surface is inhaled
Attached power is big, and heating is fast, can melt rapidly, improves it to the package ability that slag in aluminum melt is rolled into a ball, to promote the effect of slagging-off
Rate preferably realizes the separation of aluminum melt and slag group.
In addition it is covered on the particle refining agent of aluminium melt surface, due to there is loose stomata inside particle, grain density is small,
The surface of aluminum melt can be floated on without sinking, so that aluminium can also be prevented while protecting aluminum melt not aoxidize further
Melt surface layer thermal loss causes aluminum melt oxidation to add to effectively prevent refining agent refining process heat release inside aluminum melt
The problem of acute and loss.
And compared with the prior art in the material after solidification is directly broken into graininess, the particle formed in this way, in
Portion does not have loose stomata, and not only the density of particle is big, it is not easy to float in aluminum melt, while under the adsorption capacity of particle surface
Drop, to the slag group package ability decline in aluminum melt.
Further, in the step 1 when melting, heating substep is carried out, and first heats mixture with the rate of≤3 DEG C/min
To 480~500 DEG C, and keep the temperature 20min~25min, after be again heated to temperature >=700 DEG C.
The utility model has the advantages that mixture≤3 DEG C/min rate is first heated to 480~500 DEG C, and keep the temperature 20min~
25min is due to MgCl2It is primary raw material when melting with KCl, when temperature reaches 480 DEG C or more, will form a variety of binary
Cocrystalization compound, and slowly heating enables both compounds more fully to form binary eutectic compound.
Further, after being heated to >=700 DEG C, 50min~65min is kept the temperature.
The utility model has the advantages that >=700 DEG C at a temperature of heat preservation 50min~65min enable to some shakinesses in eutectic system
Fixed binary eutectic compound is for example: MgKCl2、MgKCl4Decomposition, form stable cocrystalization compound.
Further, it is crushed a point multistep in the step 2 to complete, material is first broken by bulk using jaw crusher, after
Block material is broken into using hammer mill powdered.
The utility model has the advantages that substep completes the broken loss that can be reduced to crusher, the service life of crusher is improved.
Further, in step 3 powdered material carry out screening process, obtain bulk goods and powder-material, the sieve mesh used for
200~300 mesh.
The utility model has the advantages that can guarantee the granularity of powder-material after screening, the bulk goods of bulk are sieved away, bulk goods are avoided
Subsequent granulation is produced into undesirable influence.
Further, bulk goods are continued back in step 3 and are crushed after screening, or enter step melting again in 1.
The utility model has the advantages that realizing the recycling to bulk goods, the loss of material is reduced.
Further, it joined bonding agent into powder material before extrusion granulation in the step 4.
The utility model has the advantages that the use of bonding agent can be improved the bond strength between powder-material, keep the particle to be formed not fragile
It splits.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the structural schematic diagram of granulation bowl in the Squeezinggranulator of the use of the embodiment of the present invention 1；
Fig. 2 is the enlarged diagram of part A in Fig. 1 in the present invention.
Specific embodiment
It is further described below by specific embodiment:
Appended drawing reference in Figure of description includes: outer layer cylinder 10, internal layer cylinder 11, reinforcing rib 12, channel interlayer 13, is granulated
Slot 14, elastic layer 15, air cavity 16, airflow hole 17, protrusion 18.
A kind of particle refining agent reducing aluminium alloy scaling loss, the raw material of the refining agent includes 12~15 parts by weight
MgCl2With 8~21 parts of KCl, surplus is fluoride, and the partial size of the particle refining agent is 0.83~3.15mm, density 1.25
~1.35g/cm3, moisture content≤0.5% in particle refining agent, the shape of the refining agent particle is in irregular.
The preparation method of the particle refining agent of above-mentioned reduction aluminium alloy scaling loss is illustrated by Examples 1 to 5, embodiment
1~5 technological parameter is as shown in table 1 below:
Table 1 is a kind of technological parameter of the preparation method Examples 1 to 5 of particle refining agent for reducing aluminium alloy scaling loss
A kind of preparation method of particle refining agent for reducing aluminium alloy scaling loss, packet is described in detail by taking embodiment 1 as an example below
Include following steps:
Step 1: magnesium chloride, potassium chloride and the fluorination mixed mixture of magnesium raw material are put into melting furnace and carry out melting,
First time heating temperature is 480 DEG C, and the rate of heating is 3 DEG C/min, and keeps the temperature 20min, after be again heated to 700 DEG C and must melt
Material.
Step 2: by condensation after melting charge heat preservation 50min in step 1 to solid-state, being crushed solid-state material using jaw crusher
At bulk, guarantee that the partial size of block material hereinafter, be afterwards broken into block material using hammer mill powdered, then is used in 15cm
The mesh of 200 sieve meshes is sieved, and powder-material and bulk goods are obtained after screening.
Hammer mill is used to be crushed again the bulk goods after screening, or melting bulk goods return step 1
Change melting again in furnace.
Step 3: epoxy resin is added in the powder-material after being sieved in step 2, the quality that epoxy resin is added accounts for powder-material
8%~10%, using Squeezinggranulator carry out extrusion granulation, obtain partial size be 0.83~3.15mm particle refining agent.
The structure of granulation bowl is as shown in Figure 1, include outer layer cylinder 10 and internal layer cylinder in the Squeezinggranulator used in step 3
11, it is fixed with reinforcing rib 12 between internal layer cylinder 11 and outer layer cylinder 10, channel interlayer is formed between outer layer cylinder 10 and internal layer cylinder 11
13, the both ends of outer layer cylinder 10 are coaxially connected with pipeline, and pipeline is connected to channel interlayer 13, are evenly equipped on outer layer cylinder 10 multiple
It is granulated slot 14, is granulated in slot 14 and is bonded elasticity layer 15, as shown in connection with fig. 2, forms air cavity between elastic layer 15 and granulation slot 14
16, the airflow hole 17 of connection air cavity 16 and channel interlayer 13 is offered in the bottom for being granulated slot 14, on the outer wall of internal layer cylinder 11
Multiple raised 18 are evenly equipped with, and each raised 18 is opposite with 14 position of granulation slot on outer layer cylinder 10, each raised 18 height is each
It is not identical, therefore protrusion 18 and the spacing for being granulated channel between slot 14 are also different, while each airflow hole 17 being granulated on slot 14 is opened
If position it is also different, the size of airflow hole 17 is not also identical.
When being granulated, the granulation bowl of one group of side wall fitting, which is formed, to be relatively rotated, and two granulation bowl adjacent regions
Downward, powder-material is fallen between two granulation bowls tangential direction from top to bottom after mixing with bonding agent when granulation, arrow in Fig. 1
Head is signified be cold air flow direction, in granulation process, high pressure cold body (temperature is not higher than 18 DEG C) is from a left side for granulation bowl
End enter channel interlayer 13 in, after along channel interlayer 13 from the right end of granulation bowl flow out, when cold airflow flow to protrusion 18
When with being granulated between slot 14, at this time since protrusion 18 and the spacing in the channel being granulated between slot 14 reduce, gas flow rate increases, because
This air flow pressure reduces, therefore the gas in air cavity 16 enters in channel interlayer 13 through airflow hole 17, at the same elastic layer 15 to
Deformation occurs at airflow hole 17, will go into the powder-material being granulated in slot 14 in 15 deformation process of elastic layer and is squeezed, thus
Form particle discharge.
Since the interchannel between each raised 18 and granulation slot 14 is away from difference, while the size of airflow hole 17 is also different, because
This each raised 18 and be granulated slot 14 between pressure also can be inconsistent so that each elastic layer 15 generate deformation it is of different sizes, from
And form different particle refining agents in irregular shape.It should be noted that being passed through the height in granulation bowl in the application
It is not constant for pressing gas flow rate, and the state in variation, such elastic layer 15 have an opportunity to restore deformation, to complete to make
Grain.
Using such granulation bowl, different particle refining agent can not only obtain, the high pressure being in addition passed through is cold
Gas can also carry out cooling processing to particle refining agent and granulation bowl, improve the service life of granulation bowl, while guarantee
The temperature of grain refining agent is not too high.
Embodiment 2~5 is identical as the technique of embodiment 1, and difference is only that technological parameter difference.
Particle refining agent made from another two groups of comparative examples of setting and Examples 1 to 5 compares experiment:
Comparative example 1: the difference from embodiment 1 is that, without carrying out step 3 in comparative example 1, only with crusher by solid-state
Material is crushed to the particle that partial size is 1~4mm.
Comparative example 2: the difference from embodiment 1 is that, the spherical particle that particle made from comparative example 2 is about 2mm.
Particle refining agent made from Examples 1 to 5 and comparative example 1~2 is now subjected to injection refining experiment:
According to production requirement, refining agent made from Examples 1 to 5 and comparative example 1~2 is added in injection refining tank,
When temperature of aluminum liquid is 700~750 DEG C, fining pot is opened, being passed through inert gas, (inert gas pressure is 1.2~1.8kg/
cm2), inert gas sprays into particle refining agent in aluminum melt, under the synergy of dispersivity minute bubbles and particle refining agent,
Oxide inclusion, alkali metal and hydrogen etc. in removing molten aluminum, refining time 15~20 minutes every time.
After aluminum melt solidification after refining, its as-cast structure is detected, surveys wherein alkali metal and oxide inclusion removal
Rate is averaged.
The experimental result of Examples 1 to 5 and comparative example 1~2 is as shown in table 2 below:
Table 2 is the alkali metal and oxide inclusion removal rate of Examples 1 to 5 and the obtained refining agent of comparative example 1~2
| Embodiment 1 | Embodiment 2 | Embodiment 3 | Embodiment 4 | Embodiment 5 | Comparative example 1 | Comparative example 2 | |
| Alkali metal impurities removing efficiency | 71% | 70% | 73% | 78% | 80% | 57% | 68% |
| Oxide inclusion removal rate | 70% | 77% | 75% | 74% | 79% | 54% | 67% |
According to upper table 2:
1, the particle refining agent that Examples 1 to 5 obtains is in the industrial application of refining aluminium fusant, alkali metal in aluminum melt
For removal rate up to 70~80%, it is subsequent to significantly reduce aluminum melt 70% or more for the removal rate of the oxide inclusion in aluminum melt
Filter pressure, while the casting titanium tissue of aluminium alloy is greatly improved, quality is greatly improved.
2, due to extrusion granulation not being used to form in comparative example 1, about through particle refining agent density made from detection comparative example 1
For 1.89~2.01g/cm3, density and the density of aluminium alloy solution are close, cannot quickly wrap up slag group and float, so that alkali is golden
Belong to and the removal rate of oxide inclusion is declined.
3, horizontal between solution after entering in aluminium solution since spherical particle has been made in particle in comparative example 2
To or vertical contact area reduce, therefore the suction-operated of slag group is declined, in conjunction with testing result as it can be seen that alkali metal and
The removal rate of oxide inclusion is declined slightly.
What has been described above is only an embodiment of the present invention, and the common sense such as well known specific structure and characteristic are not made herein in scheme
Excessive description.It, without departing from the structure of the invention, can be with it should be pointed out that for those skilled in the art
Several modifications and improvements are made, these also should be considered as protection scope of the present invention, these all will not influence what the present invention was implemented
Effect and patent practicability.The scope of protection required by this application should be based on the content of the claims, in specification
The records such as specific embodiment can be used for explaining the content of claim.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of particle refining agent for reducing aluminium alloy scaling loss, it is characterised in that: the raw material of the refining agent includes by weight
12~15 parts of MgCl2With 8~21 parts of KCl, surplus is fluoride, and the partial size of the particle refining agent is 0.83~3.15mm,
Density is 1.25~1.35g/cm3。
2. a kind of particle refining agent for reducing aluminium alloy scaling loss according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the particle essence
Refine moisture content≤0.5% in agent.
3. a kind of particle refining agent for reducing aluminium alloy scaling loss according to claim 2, it is characterised in that: the refining agent is
Particle in irregular shape.
4. a kind of method for preparing the particle refining agent as claimed in claim 3 for reducing aluminium alloy scaling loss, it is characterised in that: packet
Include following steps:
Step 1: it is put into melting furnace after magnesium chloride, potassium chloride and fluoride raw material are mixed and carries out melting, smelting temperature >=700
℃；
Step 2: the melting charge of step 1 being kept the temperature, soaking time is greater than 70mim, rear condensation to solid-state；
Step 3: condensation in step 2 being crushed to solid mixture, obtains powder-material；
Step 4: the powder-material that step 3 obtains being granulated using Squeezinggranulator, obtaining partial size is 0.83~3.15mm's
Particle refining agent.
5. a kind of preparation method of particle refining agent for reducing aluminium alloy scaling loss according to claim 4, it is characterised in that:
In the step 1 when melting, heating substep is carried out, and mixture is first heated to 480~500 DEG C with the rate of≤3 DEG C/min, and
Keep the temperature 20min~25min, after be again heated to temperature >=700 DEG C.
6. a kind of preparation method of particle refining agent for reducing aluminium alloy scaling loss according to claim 5, it is characterised in that:
After being heated to >=700 DEG C, 50min~65min is kept the temperature.
7. a kind of preparation method of particle refining agent for reducing aluminium alloy scaling loss according to claim 5, it is characterised in that:
It is crushed a point multistep in the step 2 to complete, material is first broken by bulk using jaw crusher, it afterwards will using hammer mill
Block material is broken into powdered.
8. a kind of preparation method of particle refining agent for reducing aluminium alloy scaling loss according to claim 6, it is characterised in that:
Screening process is carried out to the powdered material in step 3, obtains bulk goods and powder-material, the sieve mesh used is 200~300 mesh.
9. a kind of preparation method of particle refining agent for reducing aluminium alloy scaling loss according to claim 7, it is characterised in that:
Bulk goods are continued back in step 3 and are crushed after screening, or enter step melting again in 1.
10. a kind of preparation method of particle refining agent for reducing aluminium alloy scaling loss according to claim 8, feature exist
In: it joined bonding agent into powder material before extrusion granulation in the step 4.
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| CN201910774482.9A CN110387481B (en) | 2019-08-21 | 2019-08-21 | Particle refining agent for reducing burning loss of aluminum alloy and preparation method thereof |
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