CN109097618A - Aluminium alloy floride-free particle refining agent and its manufacturing method - Google Patents
Aluminium alloy floride-free particle refining agent and its manufacturing method Download PDFInfo
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- CN109097618A CN109097618A CN201810887886.4A CN201810887886A CN109097618A CN 109097618 A CN109097618 A CN 109097618A CN 201810887886 A CN201810887886 A CN 201810887886A CN 109097618 A CN109097618 A CN 109097618A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
- C22C1/06—Making non-ferrous alloys with the use of special agents for refining or deoxidising
Abstract
The present invention provides floride-free particle refining agent of a kind of aluminium alloy and preparation method thereof, by weight percentage, is prepared from the following raw materials, 20%~60%MgCl2Powder, 20%~60%KCl powder, 10%~40%CaCl2Powder, 10%~40%K2CO3Powder.Aluminium damage drops in the present invention, and the present invention is non-fever type flux, can reduce alumina；Sufficiently with molten aluminum reaction dosage is greatly reduced in high efficiency of the present invention；Environmental protection of the invention, the smokeless and dust free when present invention uses are free of hazardous compound, can ensure that chimney discharge quantity of particulate matter level is up to standard；The present invention is except alkali metal (Na, Ca and Li) and slagging-off (oxide, boride and carbide) significant effect；Good impurity removing effect of the present invention is higher using aluminium alloy cleanliness produced by the invention.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to materials science fields, more particularly to aluminium alloy floride-free particle refining agent and its manufacturing method.
Background technique
Often occur the bad working condition such as field trash, gas during aluminium alloy smelting, cause product quality by
Very big influence.Common field trash has oxide, carbide, nitride, boride etc., wherein oxide inclusion (such as Al2O3、
MgO) maximum to the pollution of melt, these field trashes are not only that gas provides good carrier, increase air content in melt, together
When also easily make cast embryo material generate slag inclusion, it is loose the defects of.In addition, due to the effect of raw and auxiliary material, in fusion process also frequently
There are the harmful impurity element of some pairs of aluminium alloy melts, such as Na, Ca, Li et al. alkali metal, to reduce aluminium alloy physical chemistry
Performance, as Na element in the high aluminium alloy of amount containing Mg in addition to easily causing " sodium is crisp ", can also reduce fluidity of molten.Therefore,
In aluminium alloy industrial production, in alloy melt dregginess, air content, containing miscellaneous element etc. all made stringent regulation.
The defect and deficiency of the prior art: to remove gas, the field trash in aluminium alloy melt, aluminium founding industry is usually adopted
With inert gas (N2, Ar etc.) and powder (NaCl, KCl, Na2SiF6Deng) method that is blown in furnace of mixed type refining agent.And it is clear
Except harmful element (Na, Li, Ca), then refined using active gases containing chlorine.However this traditional refinery practice exists very much
Disadvantage, such as: generating largely containing chlorine and fluorine-containing pernicious gas and flue dust, very big ground contamination is generated to environment；Fluoride
Powder admixture refining agent exists in solid form in the melt, unobvious to the absorption and solute effect of Slag inclusion, degasification slagging-off
Effect is limited；When misoperation, flux field trash is easily formed, pollutes aluminum melt；Localized hyperthermia when refining, which chemically reacts, to be generated
Serious aluminium oxidization burning loss etc..
Summary of the invention
Based on this, it is necessary to for environmental pollution present in background technique greatly, slagging-off effect it is limited, easily formed it is molten
Agent field trash generates serious alumina burning problems, provides a kind of environmentally friendly, the efficient, good impurity removing effect that removes the gred except alkali, drop aluminium
The floride-free particle refining agent of the also few aluminium alloy of damage, dosage.
In addition, the present invention also provides a kind of aluminium alloy preparation methods of floride-free particle refining agent.
A kind of aluminium alloy is prepared from the following raw materials by weight percentage with floride-free particle refining agent:
MgCl2Powder 20%~60%；
KCl powder 20%~60%；
CaCl2Powder 10%~40%；
K2CO3Powder 10%~40%.
The weight percent of each raw material in one of the embodiments, are as follows:
MgCl2Powder 40%；
KCl powder 40%；
CaCl2Powder 10%；
K2CO3Powder 10%.
The weight percent of each raw material in one of the embodiments, are as follows:
MgCl2Powder 50%；
KCl powder 20%；
CaCl2Powder 15%；
K2CO3Powder 15%.
A kind of manufacturing method of the floride-free particle refining agent of above-mentioned aluminium alloy, comprising the following steps:
1) prepare MgCl by weight percentage2Powder, KCl powder, CaCl2Powder, K2CO3Powder, by ready MgCl2Powder
End, KCl powder, CaCl2Powder, K2CO3Powder is put into batch mixer and is uniformly mixed, and obtains mixture.
2) mixture is put into the electrical crucible equipped with Iron reutilization.
3) electrical crucible is powered, is heated up, mixture gradually heats and starts to melt.
4) when material to be mixed starts fusing, the heating power slow heating of electrical crucible is reduced, and guarantees mixture liter
Warm speed is less than or equal to 2 DEG C/min.
5) after material to be mixed is completely melt, 20min~30min is kept the temperature.
6) mixture after heat preservation 20min~30min is heated up again, after being warming up to 900 DEG C, heat preservation 50min~
60min。
7) the iron wooden dipper by the mixture drying after heat preservation 50min~60min is cast in the drying with a thickness of 20~40mm
It is condensed in irony ingot mould.
8) after material condensation to be mixed, the fritter that size is less than or equal to 20mm first is broken into jaw crusher.
9) fritter that hammer crushing crusher machine is less than or equal to 20mm is then reused, is broken into less than or equal to 4mm's
Particle, then the random particle that granularity is 1~4mm is filtered out, particle of the surplus size less than or equal to 1mm is powder, by powder
Electrical crucible is not returned, is melted down together again according to step 3) to technique 9) with virgin material, melting and broken.
10) the random particle vacuum plastic bag for the 1~4mm for obtaining step 9) is packaged, saves envelope and uses.
In one of them embodiment, the batch mixer in step 1) is double-crankshaft batch mixer.
Advantage and its advantages of the present invention
1, present invention drop aluminium damage；Floride-free particle refining agent of the invention is non-fever type flux, can reduce alumina, compared to containing
Traditional refining agent of fluoride salt exothermic mixture, when refinery molten aluminium, aluminium per ton can be reduced the aluminium damage of 1Kg or more.
2, high efficiency of the present invention；Sufficiently with molten aluminum reaction, dosage is greatly reduced.Usual aluminium per ton needs use of the invention
Amount is only 0.25Kg~1.0Kg.
3, present invention environmental protection；The smokeless and dust free when present invention uses is free of hazardous compound；It can ensure that chimney is granular material discharged
Amount is horizontal up to standard.
4, the present invention removes alkali, slagging-off efficiently；Except alkali metal (Na, Ca and Li) and slagging-off (oxide, boride and carbonization
Object) significant effect.
5, good impurity removing effect of the present invention is higher using aluminium alloy cleanliness produced by the invention.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the metallographic microscope using the present invention 6063 aluminium alloy bars of production.
Fig. 2 is the metallographic microscope that 6063 aluminium alloy bars are produced using the fluorine-containing powder admixture refining agent of tradition.
Specific embodiment
In order to make the foregoing objectives, features and advantages of the present invention clearer and more comprehensible, below to specific reality of the invention
The mode of applying is described in detail.In the following description, numerous specific details are set forth in order to facilitate a full understanding of the present invention.But
The invention can be embodied in many other ways as described herein, and those skilled in the art can be without prejudice to this hair
Similar improvement is done in the case where bright intension, therefore the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.
Embodiment 1
The floride-free particle refining agent of a kind of aluminium alloy, by MgCl2Powder 40Kg, KCl powder 40Kg, CaCl2Powder 10Kg, K2CO3
Powder 10Kg is made.
A kind of preparation method of the floride-free particle refining agent of aluminium alloy, comprising the following steps:
1) MgCl is weighed2Powder 40Kg, KCl powder 40Kg, CaCl2Powder 10Kg, K2CO3Powder 10Kg, by weighed MgCl2
Powder, KCl powder, CaCl2Powder, K2CO3Powder is put into double-crankshaft batch mixer and is uniformly mixed, and obtains mixture.
2) mixture is put into the electrical crucible equipped with Iron reutilization.
3) electrical crucible is powered, is heated up, fusing situation is observed in heating.
4) when material to be mixed starts fusing, the heating power slow heating of electrical crucible is reduced, and guarantees mixture liter
Warm speed is less than or equal to 2 DEG C/min.
5) after material to be mixed is completely melt, 20min is kept the temperature.
6) mixture after heat preservation 20min is heated up again.After being warming up to 900 DEG C, 50min is kept the temperature.
7) the iron wooden dipper by the mixture drying after heat preservation 50min is cast in the drying irony ingot mould with a thickness of 20~40mm
Inside condensed.
8) after material condensation to be mixed, the fritter that size is less than or equal to 20mm first is broken into jaw crusher.
9) fritter that hammer crushing crusher machine is less than or equal to 20mm is then reused, is broken into less than or equal to 4mm's
Particle, then the random particle that granularity is 1~4mm is filtered out, particle of the surplus size less than or equal to 1mm is powder, by powder
Electrical crucible is not returned, is melted down together again according to step 3) to technique 9) with virgin material, melting and broken.
10) the random particle vacuum plastic bag for the 1~4mm for obtaining step 9) is packaged (every bag of 20Kg), saves
Feng Yong can be used for any any change alloy (including high-magnesium aluminum alloy) melting, and cooperation inert gas Jet refining uses, per ton
Aluminum water usage amount is 0.25~1.0 kilogram.
Embodiment 2
The floride-free particle refining agent of a kind of aluminium alloy, by MgCl2Powder 50Kg, KCl powder 20Kg, CaCl2Powder 15Kg, K2CO3
Powder 15Kg is made.
A kind of preparation method of the floride-free particle refining agent of aluminium alloy, comprising the following steps:
1) MgCl is weighed2Powder 50Kg, KCl powder 20Kg, CaCl2Powder 15Kg, K2CO3Powder 15Kg, by weighed MgCl2
Powder, KCl powder, CaCl2Powder, K2CO3Powder is put into double-crankshaft batch mixer and is uniformly mixed, and obtains mixture.
2) mixture is put into the electrical crucible equipped with Iron reutilization.
3) electrical crucible is powered, is heated up, fusing situation is observed in heating.
4) when material to be mixed starts fusing, the heating power slow heating of electrical crucible is reduced, and guarantees mixture liter
Warm speed is less than or equal to 2 DEG C/min.
5) after material to be mixed is completely melt, 30min is kept the temperature.
6) mixture after heat preservation 30min is heated up again.After being warming up to 900 DEG C, 60min is kept the temperature.
7) the iron wooden dipper by the mixture drying after heat preservation 60min is cast in the drying irony ingot mould with a thickness of 20~40mm
Inside condensed.
8) after material condensation to be mixed, the fritter that size is less than or equal to 20mm first is broken into jaw crusher.
9) fritter that hammer crushing crusher machine is less than or equal to 20mm is then reused, is broken into less than or equal to 4mm's
Particle, then the random particle that granularity is 1~4mm is filtered out, particle of the surplus size less than or equal to 1mm is powder, by powder
Electrical crucible is not returned, is melted down together again according to step 3) to technique 9) with virgin material, melting and broken.
10) the random particle vacuum plastic bag for the 1~4mm for obtaining step 9) is packaged (every bag of 20Kg), saves
Feng Yong can be used for any any change alloy (including high-magnesium aluminum alloy) melting, and cooperation inert gas Jet refining uses, per ton
Aluminum water usage amount is 0.25~1.0 kilogram.
The working principle of the invention and its course of work:
Present invention slagging-off (oxide, boride and carbide) principle is: the floride-free particle refining agent of aluminium alloy of the present invention melts
Point is 480 DEG C or so, far below the fusing point of aluminium alloy.After solid particle sprays into molten aluminum by inert gas, solid particle can
It is melted into drop rapidly, it is smaller with Slag inclusion surface tension since these droplet densities are less than molten aluminum, there is very strong wetting
With the ability of absorption Slag inclusion；After Slag inclusion is adsorbed by flux drop, floats and be excluded from melt.Meanwhile flux floats
After form one layer of liquid level and be covered on bath surface, to also reduce the oxidization burning loss of molten aluminum.
Alkali metal (Na, Ca and Li) principle of removing of the invention is: the compound of type containing magnesium ion in flux enters aluminum melt
After can react with alkali metal element Na, Ca and Li, magnesium atom, while the alkali that reactive absorption is arrived are released into aluminium alloy
Metallic element Na, Ca and Li take aluminium melt surface to, to play the role of except alkali metal.And KCl, CaCl2、K2CO3Effect
It is same MgCl2It is combined to complex salt, reduces the fusing point of refining agent to 440 DEG C~480 DEG C, (690 at a temperature of molten aluminum normal smelting
DEG C~750 DEG C) can be as early as possible liquid by Solid State Transformation, quickly and adequately in molten aluminum alkali metal ion (Na, Ca and
Li it) reacts, improves the efficiency for removing alkali metal.
Advantages of the present invention and its utility model has the advantages that
1, present invention drop aluminium damage；Floride-free particle refining agent of the invention is non-fever type flux, can reduce alumina, compared to containing
Traditional refining agent of fluoride salt exothermic mixture, when refinery molten aluminium, aluminium per ton can be reduced the aluminium damage of 1Kg or more.Table 1 is 6063 aluminium alloys
Pair of Litter after using the floride-free particle refining agent of the present invention respectively and being sieved using the fluorine-containing powder admixture refining agent melting of tradition
Compare situation.
Waste comparative situation after 1 two kinds of aluminium screenings of table
In general, for all raw materials in addition to metal bath, remaining is exactly the dross and refining agent based on metal oxide in furnace.
It volatilizees lost weight assuming that disregarding refining agent, refining agent will all remain in discarded aluminium ash, therefore, with not can be recycled
The total weight of slag subtracts the weight of refining agent, and residue is exactly the weight of metal oxidational losses.As seen from Table 1, solvent (refining is subtracted
Agent) it remains, (1000kg) aluminum water per ton is subtracted using floride-free particle scouring agent powder admixture refining agent more fluorine-containing than tradition of the invention
Few 2.2kg(4.6kg-2.4kg) discarded ash quantity, and the aluminium usually in aluminium ash is the aluminium, aluminium oxide or aluminium nitride with simple substance
Form exists, and is calculated according to the molecular formula of aluminium oxide and aluminium nitride, aluminium accounting 53% or so in aluminium oxide, aluminium accounting in aluminium nitride
66% or so；The content of aluminium has been above 50% in the ingredient of each main matter in waste；The waste 2.2kg having more
In, the ingredient containing aluminium will be more than 1kg；Mean that using tradition, containing fluorine refining agent, aluminum water per ton is pure by more loss 1kg's or more
Aluminium.
2, high efficiency of the present invention；Sufficiently with molten aluminum reaction, dosage is greatly reduced.Usual aluminium per ton needs use of the invention
Amount is only 0.25~1.0Kg.
It can be seen that the aluminium alloy floride-free particle refining agent powder more fluorine-containing than tradition of the present invention in equivalent aluminum water in table 1
Refining agent dosage will lack half.
3, present invention environmental protection；The smokeless and dust free when present invention uses is free of hazardous compound；It can ensure that chimney is granular material discharged
Amount is horizontal up to standard.
4, the present invention removes alkali, slagging-off efficiently；Except alkali metal (Na, Ca and Li) and slagging-off (oxide, boride and carbonization
Object) significant effect.
Particle refining agent of the invention floride-free and the fluorine-containing powder admixture refining agent of tradition is respectively adopted in we, to before refining, the
Aluminum melt Alkali-Metal Na, the content of Li, Ca are detected after initial refining, after refining for second, as shown in table 2.
The variation of alkali metal content in the different refining agent production aluminium alloy aluminum melts of table 2
As shown in Table 2, the effect that the floride-free graininess refining agent of the present invention removes Na, Li, Ca alkali metal is very significant, and tradition contains
The effect that fluorine powder admixture refining agent is removed is unobvious.
5, good impurity removing effect of the present invention is higher using aluminium alloy cleanliness produced by the invention.It can be seen from figure 1 that 6063
There are the slag inclusions of some black in aluminium alloy, but one side quantity is few, and another aspect size is small；And Fig. 2 is then different, in addition to folder
Slag quantity is more outer, and there are many large scale slag inclusions for the inside.
Table 3 is to produce 6063 aluminium using the floride-free particle refining agent of the present invention and the fluorine-containing powder admixture refining agent of tradition respectively to close
Golden stick simultaneously passes through the comparative situation to 8 1.5 × 1.0mm field range inclusion quantity statistics of sample.
The different refining agents of table 3 produce the slag inclusion quantity of 6063 aluminium alloy bars
The par of slag in furnace 1 will become apparent from less than furnace 2 by table 3.The above experiment sufficiently shows using floride-free particle of the invention
The impurity-eliminating effect of scouring agent is more preferable, and the alloy product cleanliness of production is higher.
One embodiment of the present invention above described embodiment only expresses, the description thereof is more specific and detailed, but simultaneously
Limitations on the scope of the patent of the present invention therefore cannot be interpreted as.It should be pointed out that for those of ordinary skill in the art
For, without departing from the inventive concept of the premise, various modifications and improvements can be made, these belong to guarantor of the invention
Protect range.Therefore, the scope of protection of the patent of the invention shall be subject to the appended claims.
Claims (5)
1. a kind of floride-free particle refining agent of aluminium alloy, which is characterized in that by weight percentage, be prepared from the following raw materials:
MgCl2Powder 20%~60%；
KCl powder 20%~60%；
CaCl2Powder 10%~40%；
K2CO3Powder 10%~40%.
2. the floride-free particle refining agent of aluminium alloy according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the weight percent of each raw material
Are as follows:
MgCl2Powder 40%；
KCl powder 40%；
CaCl2Powder 10%；
K2CO3Powder 10%.
3. the floride-free particle refining agent of aluminium alloy according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the weight percent of each raw material
Are as follows:
MgCl2Powder 50%；
KCl powder 20%；
CaCl2Powder 15%；
K2CO3Powder 15%.
4. a kind of manufacturing method of floride-free particle refining agent of aluminium alloy described in claim 1 or 2 or 3, which is characterized in that
The following steps are included:
1) prepare MgCl by weight percentage2Powder, KCl powder, CaCl2Powder, K2CO3Powder, by ready MgCl2Powder
End, KCl powder, CaCl2Powder, K2CO3Powder is put into batch mixer and is uniformly mixed, and obtains mixture；
2) mixture is put into the electrical crucible equipped with Iron reutilization；
3) electrical crucible is powered, is heated up, mixture gradually heats and starts to melt；
4) when material to be mixed starts fusing, the heating power slow heating of electrical crucible is reduced, and guarantees mixture heating speed
Degree is less than or equal to 2 DEG C/min；
5) after material to be mixed is completely melt, 20min~30min is kept the temperature；
6) mixture after heat preservation 20min~30min is heated up again, after being warming up to 900 DEG C, keeps the temperature 50min~60min；
7) the iron wooden dipper by the mixture drying after heat preservation 50min~60min is cast in the drying irony with a thickness of 20~40mm
It is condensed in ingot mould；
8) after material condensation to be mixed, the fritter that size is less than or equal to 20mm first is broken into jaw crusher；
9) fritter that hammer crushing crusher machine is less than or equal to 20mm is then reused, the particle less than or equal to 4mm is broken into,
The random particle that granularity is 1~4mm is filtered out again, and particle of the surplus size less than or equal to 1mm is powder, and powder is returned
Electrical crucible is melted down again according to step 3) to technique 9), melting and broken together with virgin material；
10) the random particle vacuum plastic bag for the 1~4mm for obtaining step 9) is packaged, saves envelope and uses.
5. the aluminium alloy according to claim 4 manufacturing method of floride-free particle refining agent, which is characterized in that in step 1)
Batch mixer be double-crankshaft batch mixer.
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Cited By (7)
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| CN109825735A (en) * | 2019-03-04 | 2019-05-31 | 湖南金联星特种材料股份有限公司 | Aluminium alloy removes alkali metal particles shape flux and its manufacturing method |
| CN110387481A (en) * | 2019-08-21 | 2019-10-29 | 闻喜县凯利达贸易有限公司 | A kind of particle refining agent and preparation method thereof reducing aluminium alloy scaling loss |
| CN110527859A (en) * | 2019-09-17 | 2019-12-03 | 四川兰德高科技产业有限公司 | Aluminium alloy free-floride is without the granular refining agent of sodium hollow ball shape and preparation method and application |
| CN112048634A (en) * | 2020-09-11 | 2020-12-08 | 四川兰德高科技产业有限公司 | Fluorine-free chlorine-free environment-friendly granular refining agent for aluminum alloy and preparation and application thereof |
| CN115612870A (en) * | 2021-07-13 | 2023-01-17 | 丰田通商株式会社 | Mg remover and method for producing aluminum alloy |
| CN115725846A (en) * | 2022-12-21 | 2023-03-03 | 佛山市辰辉金属科技有限公司 | Method for recycling waste building aluminum profile aluminum alloy |
| CN115852192A (en) * | 2022-12-21 | 2023-03-28 | 广东工程职业技术学院 | Secondary aluminum alloy refining agent and preparation and use methods thereof |
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| CN109825735A (en) * | 2019-03-04 | 2019-05-31 | 湖南金联星特种材料股份有限公司 | Aluminium alloy removes alkali metal particles shape flux and its manufacturing method |
| CN110387481A (en) * | 2019-08-21 | 2019-10-29 | 闻喜县凯利达贸易有限公司 | A kind of particle refining agent and preparation method thereof reducing aluminium alloy scaling loss |
| CN110387481B (en) * | 2019-08-21 | 2020-05-26 | 闻喜县凯利达贸易有限公司 | Particle refining agent for reducing burning loss of aluminum alloy and preparation method thereof |
| CN110527859A (en) * | 2019-09-17 | 2019-12-03 | 四川兰德高科技产业有限公司 | Aluminium alloy free-floride is without the granular refining agent of sodium hollow ball shape and preparation method and application |
| CN110527859B (en) * | 2019-09-17 | 2020-11-10 | 四川兰德高科技产业有限公司 | Fluorine-free sodium-free hollow spherical granular refining agent for aluminum alloy and preparation method and application thereof |
| CN112048634A (en) * | 2020-09-11 | 2020-12-08 | 四川兰德高科技产业有限公司 | Fluorine-free chlorine-free environment-friendly granular refining agent for aluminum alloy and preparation and application thereof |
| CN115612870A (en) * | 2021-07-13 | 2023-01-17 | 丰田通商株式会社 | Mg remover and method for producing aluminum alloy |
| CN115612870B (en) * | 2021-07-13 | 2024-02-27 | 丰田通商株式会社 | Mg removing agent and method for producing aluminum alloy |
| CN115725846A (en) * | 2022-12-21 | 2023-03-03 | 佛山市辰辉金属科技有限公司 | Method for recycling waste building aluminum profile aluminum alloy |
| CN115852192A (en) * | 2022-12-21 | 2023-03-28 | 广东工程职业技术学院 | Secondary aluminum alloy refining agent and preparation and use methods thereof |
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Application publication date: 20181228 |