CN110358942A - A kind of aluminium alloy low melting point particle refining agent and preparation method thereof - Google Patents

A kind of aluminium alloy low melting point particle refining agent and preparation method thereof Download PDF

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Publication number
CN110358942A
CN110358942A CN201910773792.9A CN201910773792A CN110358942A CN 110358942 A CN110358942 A CN 110358942A CN 201910773792 A CN201910773792 A CN 201910773792A CN 110358942 A CN110358942 A CN 110358942A
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
refining agent
aluminium alloy
melting point
low melting
particle refining
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Pending
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CN201910773792.9A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
乔明炎
冯文庚
李英舟
张峰俊
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Wenxi Kailida Trading Co Ltd
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Wenxi Kailida Trading Co Ltd
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Priority to CN201910773792.9A priority Critical patent/CN110358942A/en
Publication of CN110358942A publication Critical patent/CN110358942A/en
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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22CALLOYS
    • C22C1/00Making non-ferrous alloys
    • C22C1/02Making non-ferrous alloys by melting
    • C22C1/026Alloys based on aluminium
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22CALLOYS
    • C22C1/00Making non-ferrous alloys
    • C22C1/06Making non-ferrous alloys with the use of special agents for refining or deoxidising
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22CALLOYS
    • C22C21/00Alloys based on aluminium

Abstract

The present invention relates to refining agent preparation technical field, a kind of aluminium alloy low melting point particle refining agent and preparation method thereof is specifically disclosed, is put into after raw material is mixed in melting furnace and carries out melting, smelting temperature >=700 DEG C;Condensation is crushed to solid-state after melting charge is kept the temperature;Powder-material is crushed to condensation to solid mixture;The particle refining agent for using Squeezinggranulator to obtain partial size as 0.83~3.15mm powder-material; the raw material of the refining agent includes 23~25 parts of KCl and 10~15 part of NaCl by weight; surplus is sodium fluoride and sodium sulphate; the partial size of the particle refining agent is 0.83~3.15mm, and density is 1.20~1.30g/cm3, fusing point is 480~500 DEG C.Solves existing refining agent because of density and aluminum melt similar density, the problem of refining effect difference using the technical solution in the present invention.

Description

A kind of aluminium alloy low melting point particle refining agent and preparation method thereof
Technical field
The present invention relates to refining agent preparation technical field, in particular to a kind of aluminium alloy low melting point particle refining agent and its Preparation method.
Background technique
The alkali metal as present in aluminium alloy stock and the oxide slag inclusion generated in fusion process, to the aluminium of formation Alloy cast ingot has certain adverse effect, such as the defects of can generate stomata in the tissue of ingot casting, be mingled with, therefore in order to improve The quality of aluminium alloy cast ingot, it is necessary to which alkali metal, the oxide slag inclusion etc. in aluminum melt are adequately removed.
Refining agent plays the role of vital in aluminum melt removal of impurities, and existing refining agent usually passes through plurality of inorganic salt Mixed preparing forms according to a certain percentage after drying, its fusing point of the refining agent of this technique preparation is high, and density is often molten with aluminium The density of body is close, so that refining agent cannot quickly float in aluminum melt, the slag inclusion inside aluminum melt is taken away, to influence The refining effect of aluminum melt.
Summary of the invention
The present invention provides a kind of aluminium alloy low melting point particle refining agents and preparation method thereof, to solve existing refining Agent is because of density and aluminum melt similar density, the problem of refining effect difference.
In order to achieve the above object, the technical solution of the present invention is as follows:
A kind of aluminium alloy low melting point particle refining agent, the raw material of the refining agent includes 23~25 parts by weight KCl and 10~15 part of NaCl, surplus are sodium fluoride and sodium sulphate, and the partial size of the particle refining agent is 0.83~3.15mm, close Degree is 1.20~1.30g/cm3, fusing point is 480~500 DEG C.
The technical principle and effect of the technical program are:
The fusing point of particle refining agent is low (for 480~500 DEG C) in this programme, makes refining agent can be fast after entering aluminum melt Speed is melted, and adsorbs and wrap up slag group, and conducive to the discharge that slag in aluminum melt is rolled into a ball, in addition the density of particle refining agent is small in this programme (for 1.20~1.35g/cm3), and the density of aluminium alloy solution is about 2g/cm3, therefore the density of refining agent will be far in this programme Less than the density of aluminum melt, such refining agent is applying during refining aluminium fusant, into the refining agent energy inside aluminum melt Slag group floating upward quickly is enough wrapped, aluminum melt is discharged, and then improve the effect of refining aluminium fusant.
Further, moisture content≤0.5% in the particle refining agent.
The utility model has the advantages that can have strong oxidation to aluminum melt since moisture exists, it is molten that reduction moisture can be avoided aluminium The scaling loss of body.
Further, the refining agent is particle in irregular shape.
The utility model has the advantages that irregular particle can be improved the contact area of particle refining agent and aluminum melt, to improve it The ability of slagging-off.
A kind of preparation method of aluminium alloy low melting point particle refining agent, comprising the following steps:
Step 1: being put into melting furnace after sodium chloride, potassium chloride, sodium fluoride and sulfuric acid sodium raw materials are mixed and carry out melting, melted Refine temperature >=700 DEG C;
Step 2: the melting charge of step 1 being kept the temperature, soaking time is greater than 70mim, rear condensation to solid-state;
Step 3: condensation in step 2 being crushed to solid mixture, obtains powder-material;
Step 4: powder-material that step 3 obtains is granulated using Squeezinggranulator, obtain partial size be 0.83~ The particle refining agent of 3.15mm.
The utility model has the advantages that in this programme by by the melting of the raw materials such as NaCl, KCl, solidification, it is broken after extrusion granulation at 0.83~ The particle refining agent of 3.15mm, and counted and shown by industrial production data, it is molten to aluminium using the particle refining agent in this programme After body is refined, up to 70~80%, the removal rate of the oxide inclusion in aluminum melt exists the removal rate of alkali metal in aluminum melt 70% or more, significantly reduce the subsequent filter pressure of aluminum melt.
1, the raw materials such as NaCl, KCl are subjected to melting and are capable of forming stable binary eutectic compound (NaKCl2), the chemical combination The fusing point of object dissolve refining agent can quickly in aluminum melt, achieve the effect that refining far below raw materials such as NaCl, KCl.
2, by being finished particle refining agent by broken powder materials extrusion forming in this programme, such effect exists In, it is internal that there is small hole due to the particle by Powder Extrusion Molding, the close of particle refining agent can not only be reduced Degree, while the presence of hole enables particle quickly to absorb the heat in aluminum melt, thus fast melt.
For entering the particle refining agent inside aluminum melt, due to the presence of refining agent inner pore, so that its surface is inhaled Attached power is big, improves to the package ability that slag in aluminum melt is rolled into a ball, to promote the efficiency of slagging-off, preferably realizes aluminum melt and slag The separation of group.
And compared with the prior art in the material after solidification is directly broken into graininess, the particle formed in this way, in Portion does not have loose stomata, and not only the density of particle is big, it is not easy to float in aluminum melt, while under the adsorption capacity of particle surface Drop reduces the package ability of the slag group in aluminum melt.
Further, in the step 1 when melting, heating substep is carried out, and first heats mixture with the rate of≤3 DEG C/min To 445~480 DEG C, and keep the temperature 20min~25min, after be again heated to temperature >=700 DEG C.
The utility model has the advantages that mixture≤3 DEG C/min rate is first heated to 445~480 DEG C, and keep the temperature 20min~ It is primary raw material when melting that 25min, which is due to NaCl and KCl, when temperature reaches 445 DEG C or more, will form a variety of binary Cocrystalization compound, and slowly heating enables both compounds more fully to form binary eutectic compound.
Further, after being heated to >=700 DEG C, 50min~65min is kept the temperature.
The utility model has the advantages that >=700 DEG C at a temperature of heat preservation 50min~65min enable to some shakinesses in eutectic system Fixed binary eutectic compound is for example: NaKCl3、NaKCl4Decomposition, form stable cocrystalization compound.
Further, it is crushed a point multistep in the step 2 to complete, material is first broken by bulk using jaw crusher, after Block material is broken into using hammer mill powdered.
The utility model has the advantages that substep completes the broken loss that can be reduced to crusher, the service life of crusher is improved.
Further, in step 3 powdered material carry out screening process, obtain bulk goods and powder-material, the sieve mesh used for 200~300 mesh.
The utility model has the advantages that can guarantee the granularity of powder-material after screening, the bulk goods of bulk are sieved away, bulk goods are avoided Subsequent granulation is produced into undesirable influence.
Further, bulk goods are continued back in step 3 and are crushed after screening, or enter step melting again in 1.
The utility model has the advantages that realizing the recycling to bulk goods, the loss of material is reduced.
Further, it joined bonding agent into powder material before extrusion granulation in the step 4.
The utility model has the advantages that the use of bonding agent can be improved the bond strength between powder-material, keep the particle to be formed not fragile It splits.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the structural schematic diagram of granulation bowl in the Squeezinggranulator of the use of the embodiment of the present invention 1;
Fig. 2 is the enlarged diagram of part A in Fig. 1 in the present invention.
Specific embodiment
It is further described below by specific embodiment:
Appended drawing reference in Figure of description includes: outer layer cylinder 10, internal layer cylinder 11, reinforcing rib 12, channel interlayer 13, is granulated Slot 14, elastic layer 15, air cavity 16, airflow hole 17, protrusion 18.
A kind of aluminium alloy low melting point particle refining agent, the raw material of the refining agent includes 23~25 parts by weight KCl and 10~15 part of NaCl, surplus are sodium fluoride and sodium sulphate, and the partial size of the particle refining agent is 0.83~3.15mm, close Degree is 1.20~1.30g/cm3, fusing point is 480~500 DEG C, moisture content≤0.5% in the particle refining agent, the refining agent The shape of grain is in irregular.
The preparation method of the particle refining agent of above-mentioned reduction aluminium alloy scaling loss is illustrated by Examples 1 to 5, embodiment 1~5 technological parameter is as shown in table 1 below:
Table 1 is a kind of technological parameter of the preparation method Examples 1 to 5 of aluminium alloy low melting point particle refining agent
A kind of preparation method of aluminium alloy low melting point particle refining agent is described in detail by taking embodiment 1 as an example below, including Following steps:
Step 1: by sodium chloride, potassium chloride, sodium fluoride and the mixed mixture of sulfuric acid sodium raw materials be put into melting furnace into Row melting, first time heating temperature are 445 DEG C, and the rate of heating is 3 DEG C/min, and keeps the temperature 20min, after be again heated to 700 DEG C Obtain melting charge.
Step 2: by condensation after melting charge heat preservation 50min in step 1 to solid-state, being crushed solid-state material using jaw crusher At bulk, guarantee that the partial size of block material hereinafter, be afterwards broken into block material using hammer mill powdered, then is used in 15cm The mesh of 200 sieve meshes is sieved, and powder-material and bulk goods are obtained after screening.
Hammer mill is used to be crushed again the bulk goods after screening, or melting bulk goods return step 1 Change melting again in furnace.
Step 3: epoxy resin is added in the powder-material after being sieved in step 2, the quality that epoxy resin is added accounts for powder-material 8%~10%, using Squeezinggranulator carry out extrusion granulation, obtain partial size be 0.83~3.15mm particle refining agent.
The structure of granulation bowl is as shown in Figure 1, include outer layer cylinder 10 and internal layer cylinder in the Squeezinggranulator used in step 3 11, it is fixed with reinforcing rib 12 between internal layer cylinder 11 and outer layer cylinder 10, channel interlayer is formed between outer layer cylinder 10 and internal layer cylinder 11 13, the both ends of outer layer cylinder 10 are coaxially connected with pipeline, and pipeline is connected to channel interlayer 13, are evenly equipped on outer layer cylinder 10 multiple It is granulated slot 14, is granulated in slot 14 and is bonded elasticity layer 15, as shown in connection with fig. 2, forms air cavity between elastic layer 15 and granulation slot 14 16, the airflow hole 17 of connection air cavity 16 and channel interlayer 13 is offered in the bottom for being granulated slot 14, on the outer wall of internal layer cylinder 11 Multiple raised 18 are evenly equipped with, and each raised 18 is opposite with 14 position of granulation slot on outer layer cylinder 10, each raised 18 height is each It is not identical, therefore protrusion 18 and the spacing for being granulated channel between slot 14 are also different, while each airflow hole 17 being granulated on slot 14 is opened If position it is also different, the size of airflow hole 17 is not also identical.
When being granulated, the granulation bowl of one group of side wall fitting, which is formed, to be relatively rotated, and two granulation bowl adjacent regions Downward, powder-material is fallen between two granulation bowls tangential direction from top to bottom after mixing with bonding agent when granulation, arrow in Fig. 1 Head is signified be cold air flow direction, in granulation process, high pressure cold body (temperature is not higher than 18 DEG C) is from a left side for granulation bowl End enter channel interlayer 13 in, after along channel interlayer 13 from the right end of granulation bowl flow out, when cold airflow flow to protrusion 18 When with being granulated between slot 14, at this time since protrusion 18 and the spacing in the channel being granulated between slot 14 reduce, gas flow rate increases, because This air flow pressure reduces, therefore the gas in air cavity 16 enters in channel interlayer 13 through airflow hole 17, at the same elastic layer 15 to Deformation occurs at airflow hole 17, will go into the powder-material being granulated in slot 14 in 15 deformation process of elastic layer and is squeezed, thus Form particle discharge.
Since the interchannel between each raised 18 and granulation slot 14 is away from difference, while the size of airflow hole 17 is also different, because This each raised 18 and be granulated slot 14 between pressure also can be inconsistent so that each elastic layer 15 generate deformation it is of different sizes, from And form different particle refining agents in irregular shape.It should be noted that being passed through the height in granulation bowl in the application It is not constant for pressing gas flow rate, and the state in variation, such elastic layer 15 have an opportunity to restore deformation, to complete to make Grain.
Using such granulation bowl, different particle refining agent can not only obtain, the high pressure being in addition passed through is cold Gas can also carry out cooling processing to particle refining agent and granulation bowl, improve the service life of granulation bowl, while guarantee The temperature of grain refining agent is not too high.
Embodiment 2~5 is identical as the technique of embodiment 1, and difference is only that technological parameter difference.
Particle refining agent made from another two groups of comparative examples of setting and Examples 1 to 5 compares experiment:
Comparative example 1: the difference from embodiment 1 is that, without carrying out step 3 in comparative example 1, only with crusher by solid-state Material is crushed to the particle that partial size is 1~4mm.
Comparative example 2: the difference from embodiment 1 is that, the spherical particle that particle made from comparative example 2 is about 2mm.
Particle refining agent made from Examples 1 to 5 and comparative example 1~2 is now subjected to injection refining experiment:
According to production requirement, refining agent made from Examples 1 to 5 and comparative example 1~2 is added in injection refining tank, When temperature of aluminum liquid is 700~750 DEG C, fining pot is opened, being passed through inert gas, (inert gas pressure is 1.2~1.8kg/ cm2), inert gas sprays into particle refining agent in aluminum melt, under the synergy of dispersivity minute bubbles and particle refining agent, Oxide inclusion, alkali metal and hydrogen etc. in removing molten aluminum, refining time 15~20 minutes every time.
After aluminum melt solidification after refining, its as-cast structure is detected, surveys wherein alkali metal and oxide inclusion removal Rate is averaged.
The experimental result of Examples 1 to 5 and comparative example 1~2 is as shown in table 2 below:
Table 2 is the alkali metal and oxide inclusion removal rate of Examples 1 to 5 and the obtained refining agent of comparative example 1~2
Embodiment 1 Embodiment 2 Embodiment 3 Embodiment 4 Embodiment 5 Comparative example 1 Comparative example 2
Alkali metal impurities removing efficiency 72% 74% 70% 75% 80% 55% 67%
Oxide inclusion removal rate 75% 72% 72% 70% 77% 56% 61%
According to upper table 2:
1, the particle refining agent that Examples 1 to 5 obtains is in the industrial application of refining aluminium fusant, alkali metal in aluminum melt For removal rate up to 70~80%, it is subsequent to significantly reduce aluminum melt 70% or more for the removal rate of the oxide inclusion in aluminum melt Filter pressure, while the casting titanium tissue of aluminium alloy is greatly improved, quality is greatly improved.
2, due to extrusion granulation not being used to form in comparative example 1, about through particle refining agent density made from detection comparative example 1 For 1.77~1.95g/cm3, density and the density of aluminium alloy solution are close, cannot quickly wrap up slag group and float, so that alkali is golden Belong to and the removal rate of oxide inclusion is declined.
3, horizontal between solution after entering in aluminium solution since spherical particle has been made in particle in comparative example 2 To or vertical contact area reduce, therefore the suction-operated of slag group is declined, in conjunction with testing result as it can be seen that alkali metal and The removal rate of oxide inclusion is declined slightly.
What has been described above is only an embodiment of the present invention, and the common sense such as well known specific structure and characteristic are not made herein in scheme Excessive description.It, without departing from the structure of the invention, can be with it should be pointed out that for those skilled in the art Several modifications and improvements are made, these also should be considered as protection scope of the present invention, these all will not influence what the present invention was implemented Effect and patent practicability.The scope of protection required by this application should be based on the content of the claims, in specification The records such as specific embodiment can be used for explaining the content of claim.

Claims (10)

1. a kind of aluminium alloy low melting point particle refining agent, it is characterised in that: the raw material of the refining agent includes 23 by weight ~25 parts of KCl and 10~15 part of NaCl, surplus are sodium fluoride and sodium sulphate, the partial size of the particle refining agent is 0.83~ 3.15mm, density are 1.20~1.30g/cm3, fusing point is 480~500 DEG C.
2. a kind of aluminium alloy according to claim 1 low melting point particle refining agent, it is characterised in that: the particle refining Moisture content≤0.5% in agent.
3. a kind of aluminium alloy low melting point particle refining agent according to claim 2, it is characterised in that: the refining agent is shape Shape irregular particle.
4. a kind of method for preparing aluminium alloy low melting point particle refining agent as claimed in claim 3, it is characterised in that: including Following steps:
Step 1: it is put into melting furnace after sodium chloride, potassium chloride, sodium fluoride and sulfuric acid sodium raw materials are mixed and carries out melting, melting temperature >=700 DEG C of degree;
Step 2: the melting charge of step 1 being kept the temperature, soaking time is greater than 70mim, rear condensation to solid-state;
Step 3: condensation in step 2 being crushed to solid mixture, obtains powder-material;
Step 4: the powder-material that step 3 obtains being granulated using Squeezinggranulator, obtaining partial size is 0.83~3.15mm's Particle refining agent.
5. a kind of preparation method of aluminium alloy low melting point particle refining agent according to claim 4, it is characterised in that: institute When stating melting in step 1, heating substep is carried out, and mixture is first heated to 445~480 DEG C with the rate of≤3 DEG C/min, and protect Warm 20min~25min, after be again heated to temperature >=700 DEG C.
6. a kind of preparation method of aluminium alloy low melting point particle refining agent according to claim 5, it is characterised in that: add After extremely >=700 DEG C of heat, 50min~65min is kept the temperature.
7. a kind of preparation method of aluminium alloy low melting point particle refining agent according to claim 5, it is characterised in that: institute It states a broken point multistep in step 2 to complete, material is first broken by bulk using jaw crusher, uses hammer mill by block afterwards Shape material is broken into powdered.
8. a kind of preparation method of aluminium alloy low melting point particle refining agent according to claim 6, it is characterised in that: right Powdered material in step 3 carries out screening process, obtains bulk goods and powder-material, the sieve mesh used is 200~300 mesh.
9. a kind of preparation method of aluminium alloy low melting point particle refining agent according to claim 7, it is characterised in that: sieve Bulk goods, which continue back in step 3, after point is crushed, or enters step melting again in 1.
10. a kind of preparation method of aluminium alloy low melting point particle refining agent according to claim 8, it is characterised in that: It joined bonding agent into powder material before extrusion granulation in the step 4.
CN201910773792.9A 2019-08-21 2019-08-21 A kind of aluminium alloy low melting point particle refining agent and preparation method thereof Pending CN110358942A (en)

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Application publication date: 20191022