CN110382896B - 具有减振功能的联接器元件 - Google Patents

具有减振功能的联接器元件 Download PDF

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CN110382896B
CN110382896B CN201880016719.0A CN201880016719A CN110382896B CN 110382896 B CN110382896 B CN 110382896B CN 201880016719 A CN201880016719 A CN 201880016719A CN 110382896 B CN110382896 B CN 110382896B
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shaft end
encoder
coupling
particulate material
cavity
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拉尔夫·福尔默
马蒂亚斯·布劳恩
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    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16DCOUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
    • F16D3/00Yielding couplings, i.e. with means permitting movement between the connected parts during the drive
    • F16D3/02Yielding couplings, i.e. with means permitting movement between the connected parts during the drive adapted to specific functions
    • F16D3/04Yielding couplings, i.e. with means permitting movement between the connected parts during the drive adapted to specific functions specially adapted to allow radial displacement, e.g. Oldham couplings
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22FWORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F10/00Additive manufacturing of workpieces or articles from metallic powder
    • B22F10/20Direct sintering or melting
    • B22F10/28Powder bed fusion, e.g. selective laser melting [SLM] or electron beam melting [EBM]
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B33ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
    • B33YADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
    • B33Y80/00Products made by additive manufacturing
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16DCOUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
    • F16D3/00Yielding couplings, i.e. with means permitting movement between the connected parts during the drive
    • F16D3/02Yielding couplings, i.e. with means permitting movement between the connected parts during the drive adapted to specific functions
    • F16D3/12Yielding couplings, i.e. with means permitting movement between the connected parts during the drive adapted to specific functions specially adapted for accumulation of energy to absorb shocks or vibration
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16DCOUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
    • F16D3/00Yielding couplings, i.e. with means permitting movement between the connected parts during the drive
    • F16D3/50Yielding couplings, i.e. with means permitting movement between the connected parts during the drive with the coupling parts connected by one or more intermediate members
    • F16D3/72Yielding couplings, i.e. with means permitting movement between the connected parts during the drive with the coupling parts connected by one or more intermediate members with axially-spaced attachments to the coupling parts
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22FWORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F2301/00Metallic composition of the powder or its coating
    • B22F2301/35Iron
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B33ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
    • B33YADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
    • B33Y10/00Processes of additive manufacturing
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16DCOUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
    • F16D2200/00Materials; Production methods therefor
    • F16D2200/0004Materials; Production methods therefor metallic
    • F16D2200/0008Ferro
    • F16D2200/0021Steel
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16DCOUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
    • F16D2200/00Materials; Production methods therefor
    • F16D2200/0034Materials; Production methods therefor non-metallic
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16DCOUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
    • F16D2200/00Materials; Production methods therefor
    • F16D2200/006Materials; Production methods therefor containing fibres or particles
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16DCOUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
    • F16D2250/00Manufacturing; Assembly
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16DCOUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
    • F16D2300/00Special features for couplings or clutches
    • F16D2300/22Vibration damping
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16DCOUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
    • F16D3/00Yielding couplings, i.e. with means permitting movement between the connected parts during the drive
    • F16D3/50Yielding couplings, i.e. with means permitting movement between the connected parts during the drive with the coupling parts connected by one or more intermediate members
    • F16D3/64Yielding couplings, i.e. with means permitting movement between the connected parts during the drive with the coupling parts connected by one or more intermediate members comprising elastic elements arranged between substantially-radial walls of both coupling parts
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02PCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P10/00Technologies related to metal processing
    • Y02P10/25Process efficiency

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Abstract

本发明涉及一种用于将编码器连接到电机的联接器,其中,联接器包括:能与编码器轴耦连的编码器轴端件和能与机器轴耦连的机器轴端件,其中,至少一个端件具有至少一个携带部。携带部具有由颗粒材料、优选钢粉填充的空腔,该空腔起到对振动和冲击的衰减作用。此外,本发明涉及一种通过增材制造实现的合适的制造方法以及这种联接器的应用。

Description

具有减振功能的联接器元件
技术领域
本发明涉及一种用于将编码器连接到电机的联接器,其中,联接器包括:能与编码器轴耦连的编码器轴端件和能与机器轴耦连的机器轴端件,并且其中,至少一个端件具有至少一个携带部。此外,本发明涉及这种类型的联接器的合适的制造方法以及这种联接器的应用和一种轴端件。
背景技术
如果编码器通过联接器元件与电机连接,则由联接器和编码器的惯性产生振动系统。由此,在谐振中可能发生振动过高。
迄今,电机将在谐振之下运行或者使用滤波器,这防止了谐振点处的激励。然而,在谐振之下的运行限制了动态性能,而利用过滤器的运行限制了调节器的计算能力。
在EP2169245B1中披露了一种轴联接器和用于将具有编码器轴的编码器联接到具有机器轴的电机的方法,其中,联接器包括:
-能与编码器轴耦连的编码器轴端件,
-能与机器轴连接的机器轴端件和
-扭矩传递元件,
其中,为了将传感器轴与机器轴端件耦连,编码器轴端件与机器轴端件相对布置并且扭矩传递元件设置在编码器轴端件和机器轴端件之间。
在专利DE102006043897A1中也出现了类似的联接器。
JP 2001206221A公开了一种轴联接器中的旋转不平衡组件,其布置在减速传动装置和用于驱动轨道车辆的轴的马达之间。在此,颗粒材料85被密封在联接器70的圆柱形容器75、76中。
发明内容
本发明的目的是提供一种联接器,该联接器优选地包括至少一个编码器轴端件部和至少一个机器轴端件,其用于衰减振动和冲击。此外,本发明的目的还在于提供一种相应的轴端件。
所述目的的解决方案通过一种用于将编码器连接到电机的联接器来实现,其中,联接器包括能与编码器轴耦连的编码器轴端件和能与机器轴耦连的机器轴端件,其中,至少一个轴端件具有至少一个携带部,其中,携带部具有至少一个由颗粒材料填充的、完全封闭的空腔,其中,在编码器轴端件与机器轴端件之间安装有至少有一个扭矩传递元件,其中,携带部和轴端件构成一体式元件。
此外,所述目的还通过一种用于制造轴端件的方法来实现,其中,形成至少一个空腔,在空腔中保留或添加颗粒材料。
此外,所述目的通过一种用于衰减振动和冲击的联接器应用来实现。
此外,涉及轴端件的目的通过用于联接器的轴端件来实现,其中,轴端件具有至少一个携带部,并且其中,携带部具有至少一个利用颗粒材料填充的、完全封闭的空腔。
本发明提供的优点是,位于轴端件的空腔中的颗粒材料衰减冲击和振动。特别是在谐振中出现的振动过高并且可以如此地使其衰减,该振动过高是由联接器的和编码器的惯性构成的振荡系统造成的。这意味着传递函数在谐振点的阻尼,由此电机可以在扩展的频率范围内运行并且可以省去电子滤波措施。
扭矩传递元件被装入在编码器和机器轴端件之间。这使得摩擦减小,并且优选设计为塑料组件。
为了避免不平衡,每个端件优选地具有两个携带部。每个携带部优选地具有恰好一个完全封闭的空腔,其优选地完全填充了颗粒材料。空腔的尺寸由应用限定,因为端件的刚度随着空腔尺寸的增加而减小。但是,编码器或机器轴端件必须能够承受关于应用特定的要求。
此外,由于钢的强度和韧性,其特别适合作为端件,以及钢粉特别适合作为填充携带部中的空腔的颗粒材料。
作为制造轴端件的方法,优选地被实施为编码器或机器轴的端件,其中,形成至少一个完全封闭的空腔,其中,保留或添加颗粒材料,尤其适于使用增材制造方法、优选选择性激光熔化(SLM)或选择性激光烧结(SLS)。
在SLS或SLM的情况中,逐层地由颗粒材料来构建端件,并且留出空腔。钢粉尤其适于作为颗粒材料。有利地,逐层构建如下地实施:逐层地制造组件,并且逐层地在空腔中保留在空腔中未熔化的颗粒材料。因此,端件和空腔的填充物根据优选的设计方案由相同材料构成。
附图说明
下面将参考附图中所示的实施例更详细地描述和解释本发明。图中示出:
图1示出了联接器的设计方案,该联接器由编码器轴端件、扭矩传递元件和机器轴端件构成,并用于将编码器连接到电机;
图2示出了两个端件的设计方案,设有粉末填充的空腔;以及
图3示出了制造方法的流程。
具体实施方式
图1示出了用于将具有编码器轴10的编码器11连接到具有机器轴2的电机1上的联接器的设计方案。该联接器包括编码器轴端件9、机器轴端件3和扭矩传递元件6。编码器轴端件9具有两个携带部8。机器轴端件3具有两个携带部4。编码器轴端件9的携带部8与扭矩传递元件6的凹槽7耦连,机器轴端件3的携带部4与扭矩传递元件6的凹槽5耦连。
图2示出了编码器轴端件9和机器轴端件3的设计方案。编码器轴端件9具有两个携带部8,携带部8分别具有粉末填充的空腔13。机器轴端件3具有两个携带部4,携带部4分别具有粉末填充的空腔12。
图3描述了生产方法的流程。与通常的增材制造方法一样,刮板(Rakel)在第一方法步骤S1中在选择性激光熔化期间首先将薄层颗粒材料、优选钢粉施加到基板上。随后,根据工艺规范,通过激光辐射将粉末熔化并在凝固后使其形成固体材料层。在工艺步骤S2中,没有熔化的粉末保留在那里并且没有被排出。随后,当在状态查询E期间确定组件尚未完成(在图3中标记为n),则在方法步骤S3中使基板以层厚度的量下沉并且再一次在方法步骤S1中施加粉末。逐层地重复这些过程。在端件的逐层构建期间呈现出空腔,其在步骤S2中没有被排出。重复操作直到根据规范在步骤S4中完成端件,在图3中用j标记。由此,产生了具有填充有钢粉的空腔的轴端件。

Claims (16)

1.一种用于将编码器(11)耦连到电机(1)的联接器,其中,所述联接器包括:
-能与编码器轴(10)耦连的编码器轴端件(9)以及
-能与机器轴(2)耦连的机器轴端件(3),
其中,端件(3、9)中的至少一个具有至少一个携带部(4、8),
其特征在于,所述携带部(4、8)至少一个由利用颗粒材料填充的、完全封闭的空腔(12、13),其中,在所述编码器轴端件和所述机器轴端件(9、3)之间安装有至少有一个扭矩传递元件(6),其中,所述携带部(4、8)和所述轴端件(3、9)构成一体式元件,其中,所述携带部(4、8)与所述扭矩传递元件(6)的凹槽(5、7)直接地耦连。
2.根据权利要求1所述的联接器,其中,所述扭矩传递元件(6)由塑料制成。
3.一种轴端件,用于根据权利要求1至2中任一项所述的联接器,其中,所述轴端件(3、9)具有至少一个携带部,
其特征在于,所述携带部(4、8)具有至少一个由颗粒材料填充的、完全封闭的空腔(12、13)。
4.根据权利要求3所述的轴端件,其特征在于,所述轴端件(3、9)具有恰好两个所述携带部(4、8)。
5.根据权利要求3至4中任一项所述的轴端件,其中,每个所述携带部(4、8)具有恰好一个由颗粒材料填充的空腔(12、13)。
6.根据权利要求3或4所述的轴端件,其中,每个所述端件(3、9)都由钢制成。
7.根据权利要求3或4所述的轴端件,其中,所述空腔(12、13)完全由颗粒材料填充。
8.根据权利要求7所述的轴端件,其中,所述空腔(12、13)完全由钢粉填充。
9.根据权利要求3或4所述的轴端件,其中,所述轴端件实施为编码器轴或机器轴(9、3)的端件。
10.一种用于制造根据权利要求3-9中任一项所述的轴端件(3、9)的方法,其中,形成至少一个完全封闭的空腔(12、13),在所述空腔中保留或添加颗粒材料。
11.根据权利要求10所述的方法,其特征在于,所述轴端件(3、9)通过增材制造制成。
12.根据权利要求11所述的方法,其特征在于,所述轴端件(3、9)通过选择性激光熔化或选择性激光烧结制成。
13.根据权利要求10至11中任一项所述的方法,其中,使用钢粉作为所述颗粒材料。
14.根据权利要求10至11中任一项所述的方法,其中,由所述颗粒材料逐层地构建所述端件(3、9),并且留出所述空腔(12、13),其中,在逐层构建期间利用所述颗粒材料逐层地填充所述空腔(12、13)。
15.一种根据权利要求1所述的联接器的应用,用于衰减振动或冲击。
16.根据权利要求15所述的联接器的应用,其中,对谐振频率时的振动过高进行衰减,所述谐振频率由振荡系统所引起,所述振荡系统由根据权利要求1至2中任一项所述的联接器以及与所述联接器连接的编码器(11)的惯性引起。
CN201880016719.0A 2017-03-07 2018-02-09 具有减振功能的联接器元件 Active CN110382896B (zh)

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EP17159627.3A EP3372858A1 (de) 2017-03-07 2017-03-07 Kupplungselemente mit schwingungsdämpfung
EP17159627.3 2017-03-07
PCT/EP2018/053252 WO2018162171A1 (de) 2017-03-07 2018-02-09 Kupplungselemente mit schwingungsdämpfung

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US20200032850A1 (en) 2020-01-30
US11215235B2 (en) 2022-01-04
CN110382896A (zh) 2019-10-25
EP3574225B1 (de) 2023-02-01
EP3372858A1 (de) 2018-09-12
WO2018162171A1 (de) 2018-09-13
EP3574225A1 (de) 2019-12-04

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