CN110372585A - 化合物，有机电致发光器件及显示面板 - Google Patents

化合物，有机电致发光器件及显示面板 Download PDF

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CN110372585A
CN110372585A CN201910687193.5A CN201910687193A CN110372585A CN 110372585 A CN110372585 A CN 110372585A CN 201910687193 A CN201910687193 A CN 201910687193A CN 110372585 A CN110372585 A CN 110372585A
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曹方义
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Yungu Guan Technology Co Ltd
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种化合物，该化合物的结构如通式(A)所示，其中Ar1、Ar2和Ar3各自独立地选自含有芳环或芳杂环的基团，Ar1、Ar2和Ar3的芳环或芳杂环与式(A)中的双键中的碳原子直接相连；Ar1、Ar2和Ar3中至少有一个吸电子基团和一个给电子基团。本发明还公开一种有机电致发光器件及显示面板。所述化合物作为发光材料，特别是作为绿光双极性主体材料应用于有机发光功能层，可以得到实现高效长寿命OLED器件。

Description

化合物，有机电致发光器件及显示面板
技术领域
本发明涉及有机光电材料技术领域，特别是涉及一种化合物，有机电致发光器件及显示面板。
背景技术
OLED(Organic Light-Emitting Diode，有机发光二极管)器件是一种利用多层有机薄膜结构产生电致发光的器件，一般来说OLED器件由基板、阴极、阳极、空穴注入层(HIL)、电子注入层(EIL)、空穴传输层(HTL)、电子传输层(ETL)和发光层(EML)等部分构成。在电场的作用下，阳极产生的空穴和阴极产生的电子就会发生移动，分别通过空穴注入层和电子注入层，注入空穴传输层和电子传输层，然后迁移到发光层，当二者在发光层相遇时，产生能量激子，从而激发发光分子最终产生可见光。其中，发光层一般包括主体材料和客体材料。
在OLED(Organic Light-Emitting Diode，有机发光二极管)器件中，高效长寿命的器件一直是生产中追求的重要指标。传统的主体材料通常只具有单一载流子传输性质，这种不平衡的载流子传输性质已经显示出对OLED的开启电压和寿命的不利性。具有双极载流子(空穴和电子)注入和传输性质的双极性主体材料是较为理想的主体材料。基于双极性主体材料的发光层使器件结构相对简单，并且还为发光层载流子的平衡提供了可能性，近年来可平衡载流子传输的双极性主体材料引起了相当大的关注。
发明内容
基于此，本发明提供一种新型的化合物，所述化合物作为一种发光材料，尤其是作为一种绿光双极性主体材料应用于有机发光功能层，进而得到实现高效长寿命OLED器件。
一种化合物，该化合物结构如通式(A)所示：
其中，Ar1、Ar2和Ar3各自独立地选自含有芳环或芳杂环的基团，Ar1、Ar2和Ar3的芳环或芳杂环与式(A)中的双键中的碳原子直接相连；
Ar1、Ar2和Ar3中至少有一个吸电子基团和一个给电子基团。
一种有机电致发光器件，所述有机电致发光器件的发光层含有发光材料，所述发光材料包括以上所述的化合物。
一种显示面板，包括以上所述的有机电致发光器件。
本发明中如通式(A)所示的化合物，其以三个环外双键为核心桥连，三环外双键分别通过芳环或芳杂环与包括所述芳环或芳杂环的吸电子基团或给电子基团相连，在每个化合物中，与三个环外双键连接的至少有一个吸电子基团和一个给电子基团，优选与三个环外双键连接的为两个给电子基团和一个吸电子基团，或两个给电子基团和一个吸电子基团。本发明化合物具有较高的玻璃化温度和分子热稳定性；所述化合物具有较高的分子量和空穴电子传输能力，其作为发光材料，尤其是作为绿光双极性主体材料，能够提高绿光主体材料激子传输的平衡性和玻璃化转变温度，可有效提升绿光OLED器件的光电性能以及OLED器件的寿命。
附图说明
图1为本发明实施例5中的OLED器件结构示意图。
具体实施方式
为了使本发明的目的、技术方案及优点更加清楚明白，下面结合附图和具体实施例对本发明的具体实施方式做详细的说明。应当理解，此处所描述的具体实施例仅用以解释本发明，并不用于限定本发明。
除非另有定义，本文所使用的所有的技术和科学术语与属于本发明的技术领域的技术人员通常理解的含义相同。
本发明提供一种化合物，该化合物结构如通式(A)所示：
其中，
Ar1、Ar2和Ar3各自独立地选自含有芳环或芳杂环的基团，Ar1、Ar2和Ar3的芳环或芳杂环与式(A)中的双键中的碳原子相连；
Ar1、Ar2和Ar3中至少有一个吸电子基团和一个给电子基团。
在式(A)中，表示化合物在该处存在顺反异构，所有的顺分异构均在本申请的保护范围内。
优选地，在Ar1、Ar2和Ar3中有两个为吸电子基团和一个为给电子基团；或者在Ar1、Ar2和Ar3中有一个为吸电子基团和两个为给电子基团。
在本申请的某些优选实施方式中，所述式(A)化合物为式(I)所示的化合物：
其中，Ar1、Ar2和Ar3的定义如前所述。
在本申请的某些优选实施方式中，所述式(A)化合物为式(II)所示的化合物：
其中，Ar1、Ar2和Ar3的定义如前所述。
在本申请的某些优选实施方式中，所述式(A)化合物为式(III)所示的化合物：
其中，Ar1、Ar2和Ar3的定义如前所述。
在本申请的某些优选实施方式中，所述式(A)化合物为式(IV)所示的化合物：
其中，Ar1、Ar2和Ar3的定义如前所述。
优选地，所述给电子基团选自：含有3～30个成环碳原子的含氮杂芳基、被R1取代的含有5～20个成环碳原子的芳基、被R1取代的含有3～30个成环碳原子的含氮杂芳基或被R1取代的含有3～20个碳原子的含氮非芳杂环基，
其中，R1选自含有5～20个成环碳原子的芳基、芳基氨基、含有3～30个碳原子的含氮杂芳基、或C1-C6烷基。其中，R1的个数可以为一个或多个。
优选地，R1选自苯基、苯基氨基、二苯基氨基或甲基。
优选地，所述给电子基团可以包含以下结构：咔唑及其衍生物，三苯胺及其衍生物，吖啶及其衍生物，吩噁嗪及其衍生物，吩噻嗪及其衍生物。在本申请中所述的衍生物指的是相应结构上含有取代基，相应结构自身或者相互之间通过单键连接，或者相应结构自身或者相互之间稠合。
优选地，所述给电子基团独立地选自以下基团，或以下基团之间相互取代或稠合得到的基团：
其中，X1为或N，
Y1选自S或O，
R2、R3和R4各自独立地选自H、D、苯基氨基、二苯基氨基、苯基或C1～C6烷基。
更为优选地，所述给电子基团选自以下基团：
优选地，所述吸电子基团选自：含有3～30个成环碳原子的含氮杂芳基、被R6取代的含有5～20个成环碳原子的芳基、被R6取代的含有3～20个成环碳原子的杂芳基，或被R6取代的含有3～20个成环碳原子的非芳杂环基；
其中，R6选自卤素、-CN、-CF3、-NO2、-CO2R5、-C(O)R5、-S(O)R5、-SO2R5、-SO3R5、-P(O)R5、-PO2R5或-PO3R5；R5选自含有1～20个碳原子直链烷基、含有3～20个碳原子支链烷基、含有3～20个碳原子环烷基。
优选的，所述吸电子基团可以包含以下结构：苯氰及其衍生物，三嗪及其衍生物，吡啶及其衍生物，苯并噻二唑及其衍生物，含氮芳杂环，环状亚砜及其衍生物。在本申请中所述的衍生物指的是相应结构上含有取代基，相应结构自身或者相互之间通过单键连接，或者相应结构自身或者相互之间稠合。
优选地，所述吸电子基团独立地选自以下基团，或以下基团之间相互取代或稠合得到的基团：
其中，X2为或N，
Y2选自S或O，
R7、R8和R9各自独立地选自H、D、CN、苯基或C1～C6的烷基。
更为优选地，所述吸电子基团选自以基团：
以下对本申请的术语进行解释，对于特定的术语，如果本申请中的含义与本领域技术人员通常理解的含义不一致，则以本申请中的含义为准；如果在本申请中没有定义，则其具有本领域技术人员通常理解的含义。除非有相反陈述，本申请中使用的术语具有下述含义。
本文所用术语“芳基”指至少包括一个芳基的烃基，包括单环基团和多环基团。“杂芳基”指包含至少一个杂芳环的烃基，包括单环基团和多环的环系统。
本文所用的术语“吸电子基团”指的是与通式(A)中的双键中的碳原子连接的基团整体具有吸电子性，本文所用的术语“给电子基团”指的是与通式(A)中的双键中的碳原子连接的基团整体具有给电子性。
本文所用术语“取代”表示所给结构中的一个或多个氢原子可以被具体取代基所取代。除非其他方面表明，一个任选的取代基团可以有一个取代基在基团各个可取代的位置进行取代。当所给出的结构式中不只一个位置能被选自具体基团的一个或多个取代基所取代，那么取代基可以相同或不同地在各个位置取代。
本文所用术语“杂原子”是指氮、硫或氧原子。在相同的基因中的多个杂原子可以是相同或不同的。
本文所用的术语“烷基”，是指直链或支链饱和烷基。例如C1～C10烷基、C1～C6烷基或C1～C4烷基，烷基的非限制性实施例包括甲基、乙基、丙基、异丙基、丁基、异丁基、仲丁基、叔丁基、戊基、己基等。如果没有指定碳原子的数目，则所述烷基具有1～12个碳原子，优选1～6个碳原子。
本文所使用的术语“卤”或“卤素”是指氯，溴，氟或碘原子基团。
另外，除了在操作实施例中所示以外或另外表明之外，所有在说明书和权利要求中表示成分的量、反应条件等所使用的数字理解为在所有情况下通过术语“约”来调整。
以下列出了一些本申请实施方式中的化合物的例子，本申请实施方式还包括以下结构的任意顺反异构体。
本发明还提供一种发光材料，所述发光材料包含通式(A)所示的化合物。本申请中的化合物优选的可以作为绿光双极性主体材料。
本发明还提供一种有机电致发光器件，所述有机电致发光器件的发光层含有以上所述的发光材料。
如图1所示的为本发明实施例中的一种OLED器件，包括一阳极101，至少一发光层(EML)104以及一阴极107。优选的，OLED还可以包含其他功能层，如空穴注入层(HIL)102、空穴传输层(HTL)103、电子阻挡层(EBL)、电子传输层(ETL)105、电子注入层(EIL)106、空穴阻挡层(HBL)。进一步的，OLED还可以包含封盖层(CPL)108。优选的，本申请中的化合物，作为发光层(EML)104的绿光主体材料。
本发明还提供一种显示面板，包括以上所述的有机电致发光器件。
本发明中的所用的试剂或仪器未做具体说明是情况下，均可以通过市购获得的常规产品。
本申请中涉及的部分试剂及化学品包括：
DMF：N,N-二异丙基乙胺；
POCl3：三氯氧磷；
NaBH4,：硼氢化钠；
CH2Cl2：二氯甲烷；
EtOH：乙醇；
CHCl3：二氯甲烷，无水氯仿；
PPh3.HBr：三苯基磷溴化氢；
本申请中如通式(A)所示的化合物可以按照本申请提供的下述制备方法制备获得，但并不限于本申请提供的制备方法。本申请中如通式(A)所示的化合物，可以按照以下方法进行制备：
以苯并三芴酮为原料，根据基团Ar1、Ar2和Ar3的不同，选择相应的磷叶立德，根据通式(A)中Ar1、Ar2和Ar3的个数与中心结构三聚茚(truxene)的比例，控制所需磷叶立德与苯并三芴酮的比例，分步进行反应，得到相应的化合物。
表1中示出了实施例1-4中所用到的磷叶立德的结构式及其命名。
表1
本申请中的磷叶立德可以采用市售产品，也可以参考现有技术中的实验方案，通过实验制备之后直接用于后续的实验。例如，其中的名称为N,N-二苯基-4-((三苯基膦烯)甲基)苯胺的磷叶立德可以通过以下实验步骤获得：
其中，(a)DMF,POCl3,45℃～50℃,2h；(b)NaBH4,CH2Cl2,EtOH,R.T,2h；(b)CHCl3,PPh3.HBr,reflux,2h。
上述反应得到的N,N-二苯基-4-((三苯基膦烯)甲基)苯胺的溴化盐在碱性条件下脱去溴化氢之后便得到N,N-二苯基-4-((三苯基膦烯)甲基)苯胺。例如上述反应可以在室温提交下，加入NaHCO3，然后用DCM萃取，干燥，浓缩后得到N,N-二苯基-4-((三苯基膦烯)甲基)苯胺。
在实验过程中，可以采用上述实验方案中得到的产物脱去溴化氢后不经提纯直接用于后续化合物制备的实施例中，如果使用上述实验方案中得到的产物直接投料时，本领域技术人员可以根据叶立德的摩尔量换算得到上述产物的用量。
为了方便起见，在后续化合物制备的实施例中用磷叶立德的质量和摩尔量来表示磷叶立德的投料量。
实施例1
4,4'-((1E,1'E)-((Z)-15-(4-(二苯基氨基)亚苄基)-5H-二茚并[1,2-a:1',2'-c]芴-5,10(15H)-二亚基)双(甲烷基亚基))二苯甲腈(4,4'-((1E,1'E)-((Z)-15-(4-(diphenylamino)benzylidene)-5H-diindeno[1,2-a:1',2'-c]fluorene-5,10(15H)-diylidene)bis(methanylylidene))dibenzonitrile)(化合物1)的制备
反应路线为：
氩气保护下，向100mL圆底烧瓶瓶中加入苯并三芴酮(1.5g，3.91mmol)和N,N-二苯基-4-((三苯基膦烯)甲基)苯胺(磷叶立德)(N,N-diphenyl-4-((triphenylphosphoranylidene)methyl)aniline)(2.027g,3.91mmol)，并加入65mL无水氯仿，室温反应5小时后浓缩，用乙醚沉淀随后柱分离粗提纯得中间体M-1，产量：2.026g；收率：83％；将所得全部中间体M-1继续投入下一步反应中，并加入4-((三苯基膦烯)甲基)苯甲腈(磷叶立德)(4-((triphenylphosphoranylidene)methyl)benzonitrile)(2.689g,7.13mmol)和50mL无水氯仿，室温反应24小时后冷却到室温，用乙醚沉淀随后柱分离粗提纯，淋洗剂为二氯甲烷:石油醚＝1:100，随后在二氯甲烷/石油醚溶剂体系中二次重结晶，过滤得到浅黄色粉末，35℃下真空干燥得到产物1。产量：1.656g；收率：62％；产物1在升华仪上二次升华提纯后得到的化合物1用于器件制备。
产物1：MS(ESI)：理论值823.3，实测值824.3；元素分析(C62H37N3)：理论值C:90.37％,H:4.53％,N:5.10％；实测值C:90.67％,H:4.54％,N:4.79％。
实施例2
5,5'-((1E,1'E)-((Z)-15-(4-(二苯基氨基)亚苄基)-5H-二茚并[1,2-a:1',2'-c]芴-5,10(15H)-二亚基)双(甲烷基亚基))二氰基吡啶(5,5'-((1E,1'E)-((Z)-15-(4-(diphenylamino)benzylidene)-5H-diindeno[1,2-a:1',2'-c]fluorene-5,10(15H)-diylidene)bis(methanylylidene))dipicolinonitrile)(化合物2)的制备
反应路线为：
氩气保护下，向100mL圆底烧瓶瓶中加入苯并三芴酮(1.5g，3.91mmol)和N,N-二苯基-4-((三苯基膦烯)甲基)苯胺(磷叶立德)(N,N-diphenyl-4-((triphenylphosphoranylidene)methyl)aniline)(2.027g,3.91mmol)，并加入65mL无水氯仿，室温反应5小时后浓缩，用乙醚沉淀随后柱分离粗提纯得中间体M-1，产量：2.026g；收率：83％；将所得全部中间体M-1继续投入下一步反应中，并加入5-((三苯基膦烯)甲基)氰基吡啶(磷叶立德)(5-((triphenylphosphoranylidene)methyl)picolinonitrile)(2.695g,7.12mmol)和50mL无水氯仿，室温反应18小时后冷却到室温，用乙醚沉淀随后柱分离粗提纯，淋洗剂为二氯甲烷:石油醚＝1:30，随后在二氯甲烷/石油醚溶剂体系中二次重结晶，过滤得到浅黄色粉末，35℃下真空干燥得到产物2。产量：2.249g；收率：84％；产物2在升华仪上二次升华提纯后得到的化合物2用于器件制备。
产物2：MS(ESI):理论值826.0，实测值825.9；元素分析(C60H35N5):理论值：C:87.25％,H:4.27％；N:8.48％；实测值：C:86.21％,H:4.47％,N:9.32％。
实施例3
5,5'-((1E,1'E)-((Z)-15-((5-(二苯基氨基)噻吩-2-基)亚甲基)-5H-二茚并[1,2-a:1',2'-c]芴-5,10(15H)-二亚基)双(甲烷基亚基))二氰基吡啶(5,5'-((1E,1'E)-((Z)-15-((5-(diphenylamino)thiophen-2-yl)methylene)-5H-diindeno[1,2-a:1',2'-c]fluorene-5,10(15H)-diylidene)bis(methanylylidene))dipicolinonitrile)(化合物3)的制备
反应路线为：
氩气保护下，向100mL圆底烧瓶瓶中加入苯并三芴酮(1.5g，3.91mmol)和2-(N,N-二苯胺基)-5-((三苯基膦烯)甲基)噻吩(磷叶立德)((N,N-diphenyl-5-((triphenylphosphoranylidene)methyl)thiophen-2-amine)(2.053g,3.91mmol)，并加入65mL无水氯仿，室温反应12小时后浓缩，用乙醚沉淀随后柱分离粗提纯得中间体M-2，产量：1.137g；收率：46％；，将所得全部中间体M-2继续投入下一步反应中，并加入5-((三苯基膦烯)甲基)氰基吡啶(磷叶立德)(5-((triphenylphosphoranylidene)methyl)picolinonitrile)(1.703g,4.50mmol)和50mL无水氯仿，室温反应28小时后冷却到室温，用乙醚沉淀随后柱分离粗提纯，淋洗剂为二氯甲烷:石油醚＝1:150，随后在二氯甲烷/石油醚溶剂体系中二次重结晶，过滤得到浅黄色粉末，35℃下真空干燥得到产物3。产量：0.912g；收率：61％；产物3在升华仪上二次升华提纯后得到的化合物3用于器件制备。
产物3：MS(ESI)：理论值832.0，实测值831.7；元素分析(C58H33N5S)：理论值：C:83.73％,H:4.00％,N:8.42％；实测值：C:83.61％,H:4.07％,N:8.41％。
实施例4
5-((E)-((10E,15Z)-10,15-双((5-(二苯基氨基)噻吩-2-yl)亚甲基)-10,15-二氢-5H-二茚并[1,2-a:1',2'-c]芴-5-亚基)甲基)氰基吡啶(5-((E)-((10E,15Z)-10,15-bis((5-(diphenylamino)thiophen-2-yl)methylene)-10,15-dihydro-5H-diindeno[1,2-a:1',2'-c]fluoren-5-ylidene)methyl)picolinonitrile)(化合物4)的制备
反应路线为：
氩气保护下，向100mL圆底烧瓶瓶中加入苯并三芴酮(1.5g，3.91mmol)和2-(N,N-二苯胺基)-5-((三苯基膦烯)甲基)噻吩(磷叶立德)((N,N-diphenyl-5-((triphenylphosphoranylidene)methyl)thiophen-2-amine)(4.110g,7.82mmol)，并加入70mL无水氯仿，室温反应19小时后浓缩，用乙醚沉淀随后柱分离粗提纯得中间体M-3，产量：1.169g；收率：34％；，将所得全部中间体M-3继续投入下一步反应中，并加入5-((三苯基膦烯)甲基)氰基吡啶(磷叶立德)(5-((triphenylphosphoranylidene)methyl)picolinonitrile)(0.754g,1.99mmol)和50mL无水氯仿，室温反应24小时后冷却到室温，用乙醚沉淀随后柱分离粗提纯，淋洗剂为二氯甲烷:石油醚＝1:100，随后在二氯甲烷/石油醚溶剂体系中二次重结晶，过滤得到浅黄色粉末，35℃下真空干燥得到产物4。产量：0.716g；收率：55％；4在升华仪上二次升华提纯后得到的化合物4用于器件制备。
产物4：MS(ESI)：理论值979.2，实测值979.1；元素分析(C68H42N4S)：理论值C:83.41％,H:4.32％,N:5.72％；实测值C:83.51％,H:4.37％,N:5.67％。
实施例5
本申请中所有的OLED的器件均采用真空蒸镀法进行制备，其制作流程为：ITO基片的清洗及烘干、按顺序真空蒸镀各功能层、取出器件进行封装之后测试器件性能。具体步骤如下：
步骤1、ITO基片的清洗：先将ITO基片用专用洗涤液清洗30分钟，将清洗好的ITO基片置于120℃的鼓风干燥箱中退火0.5小时后冷却到室温，将ITO基片取出，放置在样品架上，转移至真空蒸镀设备腔内。
步骤2、蒸镀器件：首先将所需的蒸镀材料装在洁净的坩埚，关闭舱门，开始抽真空，待舱内压强降至约2×10-4Pa后，按照各功能层的顺序及比例蒸镀材料，蒸镀过程要严格监控和控制材料的蒸发速率，保证膜厚及薄膜形貌，注意掩膜板的更换和共蒸镀时的掺杂浓度的稳定调控。
步骤3、器件封装与测试：蒸镀完成后，关闭真空系统，打开放气阀通入氮气，待内外气压平衡时，打开舱门，取出器件后在手套箱中迅速进行后续封装和器件性能测试。
在本实施例中，分别以实施例1-4中的化合物1、2、3和4作为蒸镀材料进行发光层的蒸镀，得到编号分别为A、B、C、D的OLED器件。在本实施例的OLED器件中，化合物1、2、3和4为双极性绿光主体材料，即得到的发光层为绿光发光层。
实验例1：
对实施例1至实施例4中得到的化合物1、化合物2、化合物3和化合物4样品进行得到的材料进行循环伏安测试，具体如下：
利用循环伏安法测得材料能级，需要以二茂铁(ferrocene)作为标准样品。根据电化学工作站测得的循环伏安图谱，结合二茂铁的电压，便可以计算出相对电位，并进一步计算出材料的HOMO能级，二茂铁的氧化电位与真空能级相距4.8eV。具体的计算公式如式(1.1)、式(1.2)、式(1.3)和式(1.4)所示：
Ip＝EHOMO＝-(Eox-E1/2,ferrocene)eV+(-4.8)eV (1.1)
Eg＝ELUMO–EHOMO＝(Eox–Ere)eV (1.2)
Eg＝1241/λedge(eV) (1.3)
ELUMO＝Eg+EHOMO (1.4)
其中，Ip是电离势，
Eg是能带(能系差)，
Ere是材料的还原电位，
λedge是紫外吸收边的波长，
EHOMO和ELUMO分别是材料的HOMO和LUMO能级，
Eox是材料的氧化电位；
E1/2,ferrocene是二茂铁的氧化电位。
在实际测量过程中，材料的氧化电位是通过测试得到(公式(1.1))，LUMO能级值一般难以直接得到。因此，我们先通过λedge的方法计算(公式(1.3))出Eg，后通过公式(1.4)计算出材料的LUMO能级。材料的循环伏安(CyclicVoltammetry,CV)曲线在chi800d(上海辰华仪器有限公司)电化学工作站上测定。测试条件：工作电极为玻碳电极，辅助电极为铂丝电极，参比电极为银/氯化银电极，电解液为无水正四丁基六氟磷酸铵的二氯甲烷/乙腈溶液(2×10-4mol L-1)，扫描速度为200mV s-1，测试前鼓氩气除氧五分钟。
最终得到的实施例1至实施例4中的化合物的HOMO/LUMO能级如表2所示：
表2
化合物编号 HOMO/LUMO(eV) E<sub>g</sub>(eV)
1 -5.77/-2.28 3.49
2 -5.97/-2.33 3.64
3 -5.65/-2.23 3.42
4 -5.48/-2.13 3.35
由表2中的HOMO/LUMO能级数据可知，本申请中的化合物1、2、3和4的HOMO/LUMO能级范围可以包含大部分的绿光客体材料的能级(-5.2eV到-2.5eV之间)可以作为主体包含住绿光客体材料(也就是绿光染料)的能带，保证激子复合和能量由主体传向客体，故化合物1、2、3和4可以作为OLED器件的双极性绿光主体材料。
实验例2
在实施例5中得到的OLED器件，在经过玻璃盖板简易封装后，先以测试器件的方式给器件前处理(“电退火”)，亮度达到20000cd/m2停止，器件寿命在老化测试仪上以恒流方式驱动测得，采用加速老化的方式进行寿命测试初始亮度15000cd m-2，量测到亮度达到初始亮度99％亮度所需的时间T99后，通过加速老化公式换算，将其换算为在初始亮度为1000cd/m2时，器件亮度达到的80％亮度所需的时间T80(T80@1000cd/m2)。用以表征所述器件A、B、C、D的寿命，具体如表3所示。
表3
由表3可知，本申请实施例5中的OLED器件的寿命达到了16800小时(T80@1000cd/m2)以上，因此，可以说明本申请中的化合物1、2、3和4作为双极性绿光主体材料，使得所得到的OLED器件具有较长的寿命。
以上所述实施例的各技术特征可以进行任意的组合，为使描述简洁，未对上述实施例中的各个技术特征所有可能的组合都进行描述，然而，只要这些技术特征的组合不存在矛盾，都应当认为是本说明书记载的范围。
以上所述实施例仅表达了本发明的几种实施方式，其描述较为具体和详细，但并不能因此而理解为对本发明专利范围的限制。应当指出的是，对于本领域的普通技术人员来说，在不脱离本发明构思的前提下，还可以做出若干变形和改进，这些都属于本发明的保护范围。因此，本发明专利的保护范围应以所附权利要求为准。

Claims (10)

1.一种化合物，其特征在于，该化合物结构如通式(A)所示：
其中，Ar1、Ar2和Ar3各自独立地选自含有芳环或芳杂环的基团，Ar1、Ar2和Ar3的芳环或芳杂环与式(A)中的双键中的碳原子直接相连；
Ar1、Ar2和Ar3中至少有一个吸电子基团和一个给电子基团。
2.根据权利要求1所述的化合物，其特征在于，所述给电子基团选自：含有3～30个成环碳原子的含氮杂芳基、被R1取代的含有5～20个成环碳原子的芳基、被R1取代的含有3～30个成环碳原子的含氮杂芳基或被R1取代的含有3～20个成环碳原子的含氮非芳杂环基，
其中，R1选自含有5～20个成环碳原子的芳基、芳基氨基、含有3～30个成环碳原子的含氮杂芳基、或C1-C6烷基。
3.根据权利要求1所述的化合物，其特征在于，所述给电子基团独立地选自以下基团，或以下基团之间相互取代或稠合得到的基团：
其中，X1为或N，
Y1选自S或O，
R2、R3和R4各自独立地选自H、D、苯基氨基、二苯基氨基、苯基或C1～C6烷基。
4.根据权利要求1所述的化合物，其特征在于，所述给电子基团选自以下基团：
5.根据权利要求1所述的化合物，其特征在于，所述吸电子基团选自：含有3～30个成环碳原子的含氮杂芳基、被R6取代的含有5～20个成环碳原子的芳基、被R6取代的含有3～20个成环碳原子的杂芳基，或被R6取代的含有3～20个成环碳原子的非芳杂环基；
其中，R6选自卤素、-CN、-CF3、-NO2、-CO2R5、-C(O)R5、-S(O)R5、-SO2R5、-SO3R5、-P(O)R5、-PO2R5或-PO3R5；R5选自含有1～20个碳原子直链烷基、含有3～20个碳原子支链烷基、含有3～20个碳原子环烷基。
6.根据权利要求1所述的化合物，其特征在于，所述吸电子基团独立地选自以下基团，或以下基团之间相互取代或稠合得到的基团：
其中，X2为或N，
Y2选自S或O，
R7、R8和R9各自独立地选自H、D、CN、苯基或C1～C6的烷基。
7.根据权利要求1所述的化合物，其特征在于，所述吸电子基团选自以基团：
8.根据权利要求1所述的化合物，其特征在于，所述化合物为以下结构式或以下结构的任意顺反异构体：
9.一种有机电致发光器件，其特征在于，所述有机电致发光器件的发光层含有发光材料，所述发光材料包括权利要求1-8中任一项所述的化合物。
10.一种显示面板，其特征在于，包括权利要求9中所述的有机电致发光器件。
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