CN110352909A - A kind of breeding method for being suitble to butcher with the high-quality Spotted-brown chicken of middling speed type of living body listing - Google Patents
A kind of breeding method for being suitble to butcher with the high-quality Spotted-brown chicken of middling speed type of living body listing Download PDFInfo
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; CARE OF BIRDS, FISHES, INSECTS; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K67/00—Rearing or breeding animals, not otherwise provided for; New breeds of animals
- A01K67/02—Breeding vertebrates
Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of breeding methods for being suitble to butcher with the high-quality Spotted-brown chicken of middling speed type of living body listing, are first maternal with slow plumage, yellow shin, yellow skin, Recessive Chicken (B system)；It is material with fast plumage, yellow shin, yellow skin, Chinese ephedra plumage, big cockscomb chicken (C system) is the first male parent.Using Feathering type automatic sexing genetic principle, using B system and C system hybridization production parent's generation (BC system) as terminal female parent, parent can be fast plumage by Feathering type automatic sexing, hen for chick, and cock is slow plumage.It is fastly greatly (A system) for terminal male with fast plumage, yellow shin, yellow skin, big cockscomb, jute plumage, using A system ♂ × (B system ♂ × C system ♀) ♀ three series mating hybridization production commercial generation (ABC), commercial generation male and female chicken has the characteristics that fast plumage, yellow shin, yellow skin, sex premature, big cockscomb, wide chest.The listing of commercial generation 90-95 age in days, carcass is beautiful, and feather color is vivid, cockscomb is larger, and meat production is good, and has preferable meat, the packaging character of carcass packaging character and live chickens listing with obvious identification high-quality chicken, meets middling speed and butchers type high-quality chicken and live chickens listing criteria.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of breeding methods for being suitble to butcher with the middling speed fui chicken of living body listing, belong to poultry something lost
Pass breeding field.
Background technique
Poultry industry is influenced by prominent bird flu event repeatly in recent years, and industry is suffered heavy losses, and more seriously, has hit chicken
Meat product consumption, brings serious negative effect to China's Chicken industry market capacity.2015-2017, China's yellow-feather broiler
It glides within productivity effect continuous 3 years, industry enters significant change period.In this context, the Ministry of Agriculture propose " scale support
Grow, concentrate butcher, cold chain distribution, chilled listing " 16 word policies, promote poultry industry transition and upgrade.But since China is special
Eating habit, in the coming years high-quality chicken still maintain live chickens sell based on, but chilled chicken sale be that the general trend of events is driven, become certainty
Development trend.The high-quality chicken breeding in China focuses on plumage color, the colour of skin, shin color isophenous character and meat breeding for a long time, right
Carcass Traits are not paid close attention to excessively, cause traded commodity to have bony degree high mostly for carcass, three-dimensional-structure is loose, skin appearance
The disadvantages of coarse, is not suitable for the requirement of cold freshly-slaughtered poultry sale.Therefore, it cultivates a kind of not only suitable living body listing but also is suitble to butcher listing
High-quality chicken new varieties are the inevitable direction of the excessive phase development of China's quality broiler chicken breeding, wide market.Currently, in the market
There are no targetedly product types.
Spotted-brown chicken be include type that many areas such as Jiangsu, Anhui, Guangdong, Guangxi, Hong Kong are liked, but its Slaughter
It is less excellent.The requirement of the chilled Spotted-brown chicken in Hong Kong is very big, but the Spotted-brown chicken of many farms but hardly enters chilled Ji Shi
?.Trace it to its cause be the Spotted-brown chicken cultivated skeleton it is prominent obvious, carcass is not beautiful enough, and subcutaneous fat is not up to standard, is made into white cut
When chicken, the yellow pool of skin is very obscure.It is suitble to the high-quality cold freshly-slaughtered poultry for butchering listing not only to require excellent meat, simultaneously
Also there is higher standard in appearance in carcass.Therefore, it is necessary to innovate breeding technique, sufficiently merges Local chicken breeds resource and foreign countries are excellent
The advantage performance that good chicken kind has forms inheritance stability, meets live chickens listing and butchers the high-quality chicken new varieties of listing.
Middling speed type Spotted-brown chicken was usually listed at 70~95 days, hen Chinese ephedra plumage, the red plumage of cock, moderate with the speed of growth,
Be suitble to middle-income family's consumption, chest leg flesh preferably, foot shin yellow thickness is moderate, flavedo and the features such as light, by slaughtering
Carcass is beautiful after killing processing.The development of its secondary sex characters is early, and biggish cockscomb meets southerner's consumer psychology, and meat is preferable, fits
Close live chickens and chilled chicken market.
Summary of the invention
For the high-quality Spotted-brown chicken market development requirement of middling speed type, it is suitble to butcher and lives the purpose of the present invention is to provide one kind
The breeding method of the high-quality Spotted-brown chicken of middling speed type of body listing.This method cultivates a kind of suitable industrialized slaughtering processing and slaughter trait
High-quality chicken with the obvious advantage, and there is the carcass packaging character of obvious identification high-quality chicken and the packaging character of live chickens listing, pass through
Three series mating mode be bred as inheritance stability, meet the live chickens market demand and can be directly used in production to butcher the high-quality cold freshly-slaughtered poultry of type new
Kind.
The object of the present invention is achieved like this, a kind of training for being suitble to butcher with the high-quality Spotted-brown chicken of middling speed type of living body listing
Educate method, characterized in that the breeding method are as follows:
(1), using fast plumage, jute plumage Local chicken breeds as breeding material, red plumage Huang shin cock and jute plumage, yellow shin, Huang are selected and remain
Skin hen from numerous, focal selection reproductive performance and the weight uniformity, appearance traits, the speed of growth, meat production (chest muscle rate,
Leg flesh rate) it is time to select character, fast plumage, yellow shin, yellow skin, big cockscomb, jute plumage specialization new lines are formed, as the first father
Sheet, i.e. C system；
(2), using Recessive Chicken as breeding material, import Local chicken breeds slow plumage system chicken blood system, offspring select and remain Bai Yuhuang shin,
Yellow skin male and female chicken is from numerous, the three-dimensional-structures such as focal selection reproductive performance, chest breadth, weight uniformity, prematureness, big cockscomb, life
Long speed, chest leg flesh developmental state and Slaughter form slow plumage, yellow shin, yellow skin, big cockscomb, recessive white feather specialization newly
Strain, as the first female parent, i.e. B system；
(3), using fast plumage Local chicken breeds as breeding material, the slightly numb plumage Huang shin high yield hen of Huang Yu is selected and remain, high yield meat is imported
Chicken blood system, is fixed through traversed by, the focal selection weight uniformity, prematureness, big cockscomb, the speed of growth and meat production (chest muscle rate,
Leg flesh rate), weight and viability also carry out reinforcing selection, form yellow shin, yellow skin, big cockscomb, fast plumage, high yield specialization new product
System, as terminal male, i.e. A system；
It (4), is first maternal with the B system that step (2) are cultivated, with C system that step (1) is cultivated for the first male parent, using fast
Slow plumage sex-linked inheritance theory genetic principle (slow feather genes K is sex-linked inheritance gene to fast feather genes k complete dominance), production
Parent is for BC system, and for parent for chick Feathering type automatic sexing, hen is fast plumage, and cock is slow plumage；
The feather of poultry wing can see 2-4 centimetres in 20-30 hours after dividing primaries and secondaries, fast plumage baby chick to go out shell
Feather and slow plumage does not have, since speed gene is sex-linked gene, and be sex-linked inheritance gene, therefore, can be according to just going out
The rate of feathering of the chick of shell identifies male and female, and it is fast that the parent of this breeding method can obviously identify for the hen of rigid hatching
Plumage, cock are slow plumage；
(5), the parent is selected and remain for the mother of BC system in using the A system that step (3) are cultivated as terminal male, with step (4)
Chicken produces commercial chicken ABC as terminal female parent.
In the step (1), jute plumage Local chicken breeds are selected and remain are as follows: the slightly numb plumage of the red plumage of cock, hen Huang plumage, yellow shin, Huang
Skin, fast plumage, 300 age in days hen weight: 1.75~1.85 kilograms, cock weight: 2.25~2.35 kilograms.
In the step (2), slow plumage, yellow shin, yellow skin Recessive Chicken are as follows: 300 age in days hen weight: 2.5~2.6 thousand
Gram, cock weight: 3.35~3.45 kilograms, peak period laying rate was laid eggs 200 pieces up to 85%, 66 week.
In the step (3), yellow shin, yellow skin, big cockscomb, fast plumage, high yield specialization new lines are as follows: 300 age in days hens
Weight: 2.85~2.59 kilograms, cock weight: 3.85~3.95 kilograms.
In the step (5), commercial chicken ABC 90-95 age in days butchers listing, and male and female chicken is yellow shin, yellow skin, skin
Compact, big cockscomb, listing hen weight 1.65-1.75kg, cock weight 1.85-2.0kg, uniformity 96%-97%, male and female chicken
Dressing percentage is more than 20%, meat production more than 18%, leg flesh rate more than 68%, chest muscle rate more than 85%, complete net thorax rate
Well, and there is preferable meat, meets middling speed and butchers type high-quality chicken listing criteria.
In the step (3), high yield broiler chicken blood lineage includes AA broiler chicken, love denapon broiler chicken.
The advanced science of the method for the present invention, through the invention, a kind of suitable live chickens list and butcher the middling speed type Chinese ephedra of listing
The breeding method of chicken, sequentially includes the following steps:
1, the first male parent (B system) breeding: using fast plumage jute plumage Local chicken breeds as breeding material, select and remain red plumage Huang shin cock and
Jute plumage, yellow shin, yellow skin hen are from numerous, focal selection reproductive performance and the weight uniformity, appearance traits, the speed of growth, production
Meat performance (chest muscle rate, leg flesh rate) selects character to be secondary.Form fast plumage, yellow shin, yellow skin, big cockscomb, jute plumage specialization new product
System.
2, using Recessive Chicken as breeding material, the slow plumage system Local chicken breeds of Local chicken breeds first maternal (C system) breeding: are imported
Blood lineage, offspring select and remain Bai Yuhuang shin, yellow skin male and female chicken from numerous, and the three-dimensional-structures such as focal selection reproductive performance, chest breadth, weight are whole
Qi Du, prematureness, big cockscomb, the speed of growth, chest leg flesh developmental state and Slaughter etc..Formed slow plumage, yellow shin, yellow skin,
Big cockscomb, recessive white feather specialization new lines.
3, using fast plumage, Local chicken breeds as breeding material, it is high terminal male (A system) breeding: to select and remain the slightly numb plumage Huang shin of Huang Yu
Hen is produced, high yield broiler chicken blood lineage is imported, is fixed through traversed by, the focal selection weight uniformity, prematureness, big cockscomb, the speed of growth
With meat production (chest muscle rate, leg flesh rate), weight and viability also carry out reinforcing selection.Form fast plumage, yellow shin, yellow skin, big
Cockscomb, jute plumage, high yield specialization new lines.
4, parent is for production model: being first maternal with recessive white feather, slow plumage, high yield B system, with Chinese ephedra plumage, fast plumage, yellow shin
High yield C system is the first male parent, and using Feathering type sex-linked inheritance theory genetic principle, (slow feather genes K is completely aobvious to fast feather genes k
Property, and be sex-linked inheritance gene), production parent is for BC system, and for parent for chick Feathering type automatic sexing, hen is fast plumage, cock
For slow plumage.
5, commercial generation production model: being terminal with BC system using yellow shin, fast plumage, jute plumage Local chicken breeds A system as terminal male
Maternal (yellow shin, yellow skin, fast plumage, jute plumage) commercial chicken that forms a complete production network (ABC).
Three series mating production model is as follows: A ♂ × (B ♀ × C ♂) ♀ is shown in Fig. 1.
Commercial chicken 90-95 age in days butchers listing, and public red plumage, hen Chinese ephedra plumage, male and female chicken is yellow shin, yellow skin, property morning
It is ripe, cockscomb is big.List hen weight average 1.7-1.75kg, cock weight average 2.0-2.1kg, uniformity 96% or more,
Male and female chicken dressing percentage is more than 88%, and complete net thorax rate is more than 65%, and chest muscle rate is more than 16%, and leg flesh rate is more than 20%, trunk
Body is beautiful, and meat production is good, and has preferable meat, meets middling speed and butchers type high-quality chicken listing criteria.
The present invention relates to a kind of breeding methods for being suitble to butcher with the high-quality Spotted-brown chicken of middling speed type of living body listing.With slow plumage,
Yellow shin, yellow skin, Recessive Chicken (B system) are first maternal；With fast plumage, yellow shin, yellow skin, Chinese ephedra plumage, big cockscomb chicken (C
System) it be material is the first male parent.Using Feathering type automatic sexing genetic principle, with B system and C system hybridization production parent generation (BC
System) it is used as terminal female parent, parent can be fast plumage by Feathering type automatic sexing, hen for chick, and cock is slow plumage.With fast plumage,
Yellow shin, yellow skin, big cockscomb, jute plumage are that (A system) is terminal male greatly fastly, utilize A system ♂ × tri- system of (B system ♂ × C system ♀) ♀
Mating hybridization produces commercial generation (ABC), and commercial generation male and female chicken has fast plumage, yellow shin, yellow skin, sex premature, big cockscomb, wide chest etc.
Feature.The listing of commercial generation 90-95 age in days lists hen weight average 1.7-1.75kg, cock weight average 2.0-2.1kg, whole
Qi Du is 96% or more, and male and female chicken dressing percentage, complete net thorax rate, chest muscle rate, leg flesh rate are more than 88%, 65%, 16% and
20%, carcass is beautiful, and meat production is good, and has preferable meat, meets middling speed and butchers type high-quality chicken listing criteria.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is three series mating production model figure in the present invention.
Specific embodiment
The invention patent is described further in conjunction with specific embodiments.It should be understood that these embodiments are for illustration purposes only,
Rather than the limitation scope of the invention.
Case study on implementation
1, using Recessive Chicken as breeding material, slow plumage, Xiaoshan chicken blood system are imported, through slow plumage, Huang made of generation breeding
Shin, yellow skin Recessive Chicken strain (B system), as the first female parent.Choose Bai Yuhuang shin, yellow skin, big cockscomb male and female chicken certainly
It is numerous, it according to whose body weight and lays eggs record, selects and remain 300 age in days hen weight: 2.4~2.5 kilograms, cock weight: 3.3~3.4
Kilogram, peak period laying rate was laid eggs 200 pieces up to 85%, 66 week, by the breeding of 6 generations, establish yellow shin, yellow skin, precocity,
Slow plumage, recessive white feather system.
2, using Wenchang Chicken as material (C system), as the first male parent.Choose red plumage Huang shin cock, jute plumage, yellow shin, Calusena lansium
Skin, fast plumage hen are from numerous, according to whose body weight and record of laying eggs, select and remain 300 age in days hen weight: 1.7~1.8 kilograms, cock
Weight: 2.2~2.3 kilograms, peak period laying rate, by the breeding of 6 generations, establishes yellow shin, yellow skin, Chinese ephedra up to 81%
Plumage, big cockscomb chicken, fast plumage system.
3, using Lingshan fiber crops chicken fast-growth lines as breeding material, the slightly numb plumage Huang shin of Lingshan chicken Huang plumage, fast plumage high yield system (A are established
System), as terminal male.Select the slightly numb plumage Huang shin chicken of yellow plumage that according to whose body weight and record of laying eggs, it is female to select and remain high yield from numerous
After chicken, big cockscomb high yield broiler chicken blood lineage is imported, through F1Fixed for traversed by, then select and remain the good yellow shin of the fast meat production of the speed of growth,
Yellow skin, big cockscomb, yellow pockmarked feather chicken, by 6 generation breedings.300 age in days hen weight: 2.8~2.9 kilograms, cock weight:
3.8~3.9 kilograms.The slightly numb plumage Huang shin of the red plumage of cock, the slightly numb plumage Huang shin of hen Huang plumage, male and female chicken is fast plumage.
4, father is generated with recessive white feather Huang shin, slow plumage system (B system) and Wenchang Chicken Huang shin, jute plumage, fast plumage system (C system) hybridization
Female generation (BC system), for parent for chick Feathering type automatic sexing, hen is the slightly numb plumage of yellow plumage, and shin color is all yellow shin, and cock is red
Plumage, yellow shin.
5, with Lingshan fiber crops chicken Huang shin, fast plumage, high yield system (A system) for terminal male, BC system is that (Huang Yu is slightly numb for terminal female parent
Plumage Huang shin) commercial chicken that forms a complete production network (ABC).
Commercial generation male and female chicken is yellow shin, yellow skin, skin-tightening, big cockscomb, the listing of 95 ages in days, and listing hen weight is flat
Equal 1.65kg, cock weight average 2.0kg, uniformity 96%, more than 88%, complete net thorax rate is more than male and female chicken dressing percentage
68%, chest muscle rate is more than 18%, and leg flesh rate is more than 20%, and meat production is good, and has preferable meat, meets middling speed
Butcher type high-quality chicken listing criteria.The indexs such as commercial generation weight, Slaughter, meat, body ruler, cockscomb and skin pore number are shown in
Table 1.
1 commercial generation male and female chicken Slaughter of table, meat, body ruler, cockscomb size, skin pore number (average value ± standard
Difference)
Claims (6)
1. a kind of breeding method for being suitble to butcher with the high-quality Spotted-brown chicken of middling speed type of living body listing, characterized in that the cultivation side
Method are as follows:
(1), using fast plumage, jute plumage Local chicken breeds as breeding material, red plumage Huang shin cock and jute plumage, yellow shin, yellow skin are selected and remain
Hen is from numerous, focal selection reproductive performance and the weight uniformity, appearance traits, the speed of growth, meat production (chest muscle rate, leg flesh
Rate) it is time to select character, fast plumage, yellow shin, yellow skin, big cockscomb, jute plumage specialization new lines are formed, as the first male parent, i.e. C
System；
(2), using Recessive Chicken as breeding material, the slow plumage system chicken blood system of Local chicken breeds is imported, offspring selects and remain Bai Yuhuang shin, Calusena lansium
Skin male and female chicken is from numerous, the three-dimensional-structures such as focal selection reproductive performance, chest breadth, weight uniformity, prematureness, big cockscomb, growth speed
Degree, chest leg flesh developmental state and Slaughter form slow plumage, yellow shin, yellow skin, big cockscomb, recessive white feather specialization new lines,
As the first female parent, i.e. B system；
(3), using fast plumage Local chicken breeds as breeding material, the slightly numb plumage Huang shin high yield hen of Huang Yu is selected and remain, high yield broiler chicken blood is imported
System, is fixed, the focal selection weight uniformity, prematureness, big cockscomb, the speed of growth and meat production (chest muscle rate, leg flesh through traversed by
Rate), weight and viability also carry out reinforcing selection, yellow shin, yellow skin, big cockscomb, fast plumage, high yield specialization new lines are formed,
As terminal male, i.e. A system；
It (4), is first maternal with the B system that step (2) are cultivated, the C system cultivated with step (1) utilizes Feathering type for the first male parent
Sex-linked inheritance theory genetic principle (slow feather genes K is sex-linked inheritance gene to fast feather genes k complete dominance), produces parent
For BC system, parent can be fast plumage by Feathering type automatic sexing, hen for chick, and cock is slow plumage；
(5), the parent is selected and remain in using the A system that step (3) are cultivated as terminal male, with step (4) to make for the hen of BC system
For terminal female parent, commercial chicken ABC is produced.
2. according to claim 1 be suitble to butcher the breeding method with the high-quality Spotted-brown chicken of middling speed type of living body listing, special
Sign is in the step (1), to select and remain jute plumage Local chicken breeds are as follows: the slightly numb plumage of the red plumage of cock, hen Huang plumage, yellow shin, Calusena lansium
Skin, fast plumage, 300 age in days hen weight: 1.75~1.85 kilograms, cock weight: 2.25~2.35 kilograms.
3. according to claim 1 be suitble to butcher the breeding method with the high-quality Spotted-brown chicken of middling speed type of living body listing, special
Sign is, in the step (2), slow plumage, yellow shin, yellow skin Recessive Chicken are as follows: 300 age in days hen weight: and 2.5~2.6 kilograms,
Cock weight: 3.35~3.45 kilograms, peak period laying rate was laid eggs 200 pieces up to 85%, 66 week.
4. according to claim 1 be suitble to butcher the breeding method with the high-quality Spotted-brown chicken of middling speed type of living body listing, special
Sign is, in the step (3), yellow shin, yellow skin, big cockscomb, fast plumage, high yield specialization new lines are as follows: 300 age in days hen bodies
Weight: 2.85~2.59 kilograms, cock weight: 3.85~3.95 kilograms.
5. according to claim 1 be suitble to butcher the breeding method with the high-quality Spotted-brown chicken of middling speed type of living body listing, special
Sign is, in the step (5), commercial chicken ABC 90-95 age in days butchers listing, and male and female chicken is that yellow shin, yellow skin, skin are tight
Cause, big cockscomb, listing hen weight 1.65-1.75kg, cock weight 1.85-2.0kg, uniformity 96%-97%, male and female chicken are butchered
Rate is more than that 20%, meat production is good, and has more than 18%, leg flesh rate more than 68%, chest muscle rate more than 85%, complete net thorax rate
There is preferable meat, meets middling speed and butcher type high-quality chicken listing criteria.
6. according to claim 1 be suitble to butcher the breeding method with the high-quality Spotted-brown chicken of middling speed type of living body listing, special
Sign is, in the step (3), high yield broiler chicken blood lineage includes AA broiler chicken, love denapon broiler chicken.
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| CN110432227B (en) * | 2019-08-28 | 2021-07-16 | 泉州市农业科学研究所 | Cock selecting and remaining method with high feather maturity in marketing |
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| CN114736973A (en) * | 2022-05-24 | 2022-07-12 | 华南农业大学 | SNP molecular marker related to chicken carcass skin color trait and application thereof |
| CN114736973B (en) * | 2022-05-24 | 2023-11-21 | 华南农业大学 | SNP molecular marker related to chicken carcass skin color traits and application thereof |
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| CN116058330A (en) * | 2023-02-21 | 2023-05-05 | 江苏省家禽科学研究所 | Method for cultivating high-quality chickens with precocity and long chicken spacing |
| CN116261945A (en) * | 2023-02-21 | 2023-06-16 | 江苏省家禽科学研究所 | Method for breeding high-quality chickens slaughtered slowly |
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| CN116349647B (en) * | 2023-03-30 | 2024-02-20 | 佛山市南海种禽有限公司 | High-quality white chicken breeding method integrated with blood margin of yellow-feather broiler |
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