CN110345838A - A kind of measurement method of four axis centrifuge working radius - Google Patents
A kind of measurement method of four axis centrifuge working radius Download PDFInfo
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- CN110345838A CN110345838A CN201811570137.5A CN201811570137A CN110345838A CN 110345838 A CN110345838 A CN 110345838A CN 201811570137 A CN201811570137 A CN 201811570137A CN 110345838 A CN110345838 A CN 110345838A
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- centrifuge
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B5/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of mechanical techniques
- G01B5/08—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of mechanical techniques for measuring diameters
Abstract
The present invention provides a kind of measurement methods of four axis centrifuge working radiuses, belong to inertia device test equipment technical field.Four axis centrifuges are mainly made of a main shaft and three work table rotation shaftings in the present invention, multiple accelerometers can be tested simultaneously, in order to accurately measure the working radius of three workbench, the distance between axis of rotation and main-shaft axis of i.e. three workbench, it is evenly distributed with error at equal intervals first with 120 ° of three workbench of transit survey, then the mutual difference between working radius between measuring three workbench two-by-two, go out the accurate distance between three work table rotation axis using standard cylinder and 1m vernier caliper measurement later, the working radius of three workbench is finally accurately calculated based on these parameters.The present invention compares common radius direct measuring method and inverse radius method, can accurately and efficiently measure the working radius of four axis centrifuges, and can use in the case where main-shaft axis is difficult and draws.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of measurement methods of four axis centrifuge working radiuses, belong to inertia device test equipment technology neck
Domain.
Background technique
For the test of inertia device, especially accelerometer, individual gravitational field rollover test can only generate ± 1g's
Excitation, is not enough to the true flight environment of vehicle of simulated flight device, cannot effectively motivate inertia device related with specific force non-linear
Error term coefficient.Therefore the centripetal acceleration greater than 1g is generated using high-accuracy centrifuge to demarcate and test inertia device very
It is necessary.
For four axis centrifuges mainly by a rotary main shaft, three can continuous 360 ° workbench (the A platforms, B platform, C turned round
Platform) composition such as shafting and turning table control cabinet.Control system can control 4 shaftings and be run with rate, mode position, and 4 axis are made
System works according to instruction, gives acceleration specified input to accelerometer.When centrifuge principal axis is with constant angular speed
When ω rotates, the working radius of centrifuge is R, then the size for the centripetal acceleration that centrifuge provides is R ω2.Obviously, centrifuge
Working radius error will directly affect the input precision of accelerometer, the final test for influencing accelerometer and stated accuracy.
So accurately the working radius of measurement centrifuge seems most important.Conventional centrifuge radius measurement method is including the use of high-precision
It measures bar/gauge block and micrometer and work is directly measured by invar meter ruler/slide calliper rule Comparison Method etc. using laser interferometer measurement
Radius, and the method using accelerometer inverse radius.But the limit of the structure type due to four axis centrifuge principal axis and workbench
System, therefore these direct measuring methods cannot be applied on four axis centrifuges, while the precision of inverse working radius is accelerated
Degree counts the limitation of precision and centrifuge dynamic error etc., and when accelerometer precision is not high, test error is larger.So must needle
The working radius measurement method new to four axis Design of Centrifuge.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is to solve the above-mentioned problems of the prior art, and then provide a kind of four axis centrifuge works
Make the measurement method of radius.
The purpose of the present invention is what is be achieved through the following technical solutions:
A kind of measurement method of four axis centrifuge working radius, four axis centrifuge of the present invention include main shaft and
A, tri- subtable axis of B, C, ideally the axis of rotation of A, B, C axis is parallel with main-shaft axis, is mutually 120 ° and uniformly divides
Cloth is on the circumference that radius is 0.5m, and the centripetal acceleration that the rotation of main shaft even angle rate rate generates is to demarcate multiple acceleration sensings
Device；Measurement method of the present invention the following steps are included:
Step 1: 120 ° of centrifuge table axis is evenly distributed with error testing at equal intervals:
1) go out the depth of parallelism between three work table rotation axis of centrifuge using level measurement, parallelism error should be little
In ± 20 ", otherwise it need to be compensated when calculating working radius later,
2) target is mounted on the main-axis end of centrifuge and the mounting surface of three workbench, sets up theodolite, rotation
Each shafting simultaneously observes each target, and target is adjusted on respective axis of rotation,
3) surveyor's transit center reference is to the distance D between main-shaft axis,
4) main shaft gyration axis is directed at using theodolite, live spindle makes the axis of rotation of workbench A and erecting for theodolite
Straight axis, main shaft gyration axis record the horizontal angle α of theodolite in same vertical guide1, and assume that main shaft is in 0 ° of position at this time
It sets,
5) main shaft is rotated to 120 ° and 240 ° respectively, theodolite is respectively aligned to workbench B and workbench C axis of rotation,
Record the horizontal angle α of theodolite2And α3；
6) when R is the nominal radius of centrifuge, calculating uniformly distributed error is respectively △α31=-△ α12-△α23；
Step 2: centrifugation machine worktable A and B, the test of A and C working radius difference:
1) rotary centrifuge main shaft makes the common vertical line between centrifuge principal axis line and workbench A axis of rotation, in theodolite
The projection join line of the heart and workbench A axis of rotation in the horizontal plane is vertical, uses the target on theodolite Alignment stage A at this time,
Record the horizontal angle α of theodolite4, and assume that centrifuge principal axis is in 0 ° of position at this time,
2) main shaft is rotated to 120 ° and 240 ° respectively, theodolite is respectively aligned to workbench B and workbench C axis of rotation,
Record the horizontal angle α of theodolite5And α6,
3) workbench A and B are calculated, the working radius error of A and C are respectively
Step 3: centrifugation machine worktable two-by-two test by spacing:
1) standard cylinder one, two, three is respectively corresponded to the shaft end for being mounted on workbench A, B, C, with amesdial measurement standard
The radial beat eccentricity of cylindrical outer surface, adjustment standard cylinder are overlapped its axis with the axis of rotation of corresponding workbench,
2) the diameter d of vernier caliper measurement standard cylinder one, two, three is used1, d2, d3,
3) with three standard cylinders of vernier caliper measurement two-by-two between external cylindrical surface spacing distance, respectively R12、R23、R13,
Calculate workbench axis of rotation spacing two-by-two:
Step 4: three working radiuses of centrifuge calculate:
According to Step 2: three, four measurement and calculated result, it is known that the radius error of three workbench is respectively △ R, △
R+△r2, △ R+ △ r3；
Using the cosine law of plane trigonometry, work as R0For centrifuge nominal radius when, can obtain
Ignore that the second order in formula is small to be measured
Averaged obtains the working radius error of workbench A
Calculate workbench A, B, C real work radius be
RA=R0+ △ R, RB=R0+△R+△r2, RC=R0+△R+△r3；
So far the detection of four axis centrifuge working radiuses is completed.
The invention has the benefit that
A kind of working radius measurement method of four axis centrifuge proposed by the present invention overcomes the four special shaft ends of axis centrifuge
Structure and workbench distributed structure carry out installation measurement sensor the limitation for directly measuring radius.
The present invention not only precisely isolates the uniformly distributed error of centrifugation machine worktable, also by between the geometrical relationship between workbench
It connects and precisely measures out three working radiuses.Meanwhile it comparing and repeating the radius that installation measuring instrument measures three workbench respectively
Measurement method, method proposed by the present invention can be improved by being simply installed the measurement of the working radius of whole workbench
The efficiency of measurement.
The present invention can remain to be applicable in, embody the practicability of this method when main-shaft axis can not be drawn.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is four axis centrifuge structure schematic diagrames.
Fig. 2 is that four axis are centrifuged machine worktable distribution schematic diagram.
Fig. 3 is workbench working radius difference test schematic diagram two-by-two.
Fig. 4 is workbench spacing test schematic diagram two-by-two.
Fig. 5 is bornb sight schematic diagram.
Appended drawing reference in figure, 1 is centrifuge pedestal, and 2 be centrifuge principal axis, and 3 extend shaft end for centrifuge principal axis, and 4 are
Workbench A, 5 be the accelerometer tooling of workbench A, and 6 be tested accelerometer, and 7 be workbench B, and 8 be the acceleration of workbench B
Degree meter tooling, 9 be workbench C, and 10 be the accelerometer tooling of workbench C, and 11 be theodolite, and 12 be standard cylinder one, and 13 are
Standard cylinder two, 14 be standard cylinder three.
Specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with attached drawing, the present invention is described in further detail: the present embodiment is being with technical solution of the present invention
Under the premise of implemented, give detailed embodiment, but protection scope of the present invention is not limited to following embodiments.
As shown in Figure 1, four axis centrifuges are by centrifuge principal axis 2 and three workbench, that is, workbench A4, workbench B7 and work
Make platform C9 composition, centrifuge principal axis 2 is arranged on centrifuge pedestal 1, is mutually 120 ° of settings on the table top that centrifuge principal axis 2 supports
There are workbench A4, workbench B7 and workbench C9, the centrifuge principal axis of centrifuge principal axis 2 extends shaft end 3 and spreads from the table, workbench
It is provided with the accelerometer tooling 5 of workbench A on A4, the accelerometer work 8 of workbench B, workbench are provided on workbench B7
It is provided with the accelerometer tooling 10 of workbench C on C9, is tested accelerometer 6 and is arranged on workbench A4,2 He of centrifuge principal axis
Workbench A4, workbench B7 and workbench C9 can 360 ° of full circle swingings, clockwise counterclockwise.
As shown in Fig. 2, under ideal conditions, three workbench, that is, workbench A4, workbench B7 and workbench C9 work half
Diameter is 0.5m, and workbench should be 120 ° of distributions at equal intervals, but physical presence is evenly distributed with error delta α12、△α23、△α31And radius
Error.
As shown in figure 3, setting up theodolite 11 observes target, rotary centrifuge main shaft 2 makes centrifuge principal axis line and workbench
Common vertical line between A4 axis of rotation hangs down with the projection join line of 11 center of theodolite and workbench A4 axis of rotation in the horizontal plane
Directly, the horizontal angle α of theodolite 11 is recorded with the target on 11 Alignment stage A4 of theodolite at this time4, and assume centrifuge at this time
Main shaft 2 is in 0 ° of position.Main shaft is rotated to 120 ° and 240 ° respectively, theodolite 11 is respectively aligned to workbench B7 and workbench C9
Axis of rotation records the horizontal angle α of theodolite 115And α6, workbench A and B are calculated, the working radius error of A and C are respectively
As shown in figure 4, standard cylinder 1 is mounted on the shaft end of workbench A4, standard cylinder 2 13 is mounted on workbench B7
Shaft end, standard cylinder 3 14 is mounted on the shaft end of workbench C9.The diameter d of measurement standard cylinder one, two, three1, d2, d3, survey
External cylindrical surface spacing distance between measuring three standard cylinders two-by-two, respectively R12、R23、R13。
As shown in figure 5, target center is equipped with copper filament, the filament in observation target is directed at by theodolite, can will be returned
Shaft axis is accurately drawn.
Embodiment 1:
In conjunction with Fig. 1, Fig. 2, Fig. 3, Fig. 4 and Fig. 5；The measurement method of four axis centrifuge working radius of the present invention, step
It is rapid as follows:
Step 1: 120 ° of centrifuge table axis is evenly distributed with error testing at equal intervals:
1) go out the depth of parallelism between three work table rotation axis of centrifuge using level measurement, respectively 14.49 ",
11.85 ", 3.69 ", parallelism error is no more than ± 20 ", therefore do not need to compensate when calculating working radius later.
2) target is mounted on the main-axis end of centrifuge and the mounting surface of three workbench, sets up theodolite observation target
Mark, and target is adjusted on respective axis of rotation；
3) surveyor's transit center reference is to the distance D=1380mm between main-shaft axis；
4) main shaft gyration axis is directed at using theodolite, live spindle makes the axis of rotation of workbench A and erecting for theodolite
Straight axis, main shaft gyration axis record the horizontal angle α of theodolite in same vertical guide1=110 ° 53 ' 06.5 ", and assume this
When main shaft be in 0 ° of position；
5) main shaft is rotated to 120 ° and 240 ° respectively, theodolite is respectively aligned to workbench B and workbench C axis of rotation,
Record the horizontal angle α of theodolite2=110 ° 53 ' 17.75 " and α3=110 ° 53 ' 01.25 "；
6) R is the nominal radius of centrifuge, and as R=500mm, calculating uniformly distributed error is respectively
△α31=-△ α12-△α23=28.96 ".
Step 2: centrifugation machine worktable A and B, the test of A and C working radius difference:
1) rotary centrifuge main shaft makes the common vertical line between centrifuge principal axis line and workbench A axis of rotation, in theodolite
The projection join line of the heart and workbench A axis of rotation in the horizontal plane is vertical, uses the target on theodolite Alignment stage A at this time,
Record the horizontal angle α of theodolite4=132 ° 25 ' 08 ", and assume that centrifuge principal axis is in 0 ° of position at this time；
2) main shaft is rotated to 120 ° and 240 ° respectively, theodolite is respectively aligned to workbench B and workbench C axis of rotation,
Record the horizontal angle α of theodolite5=132 ° 25 ' 26 " and α6=132 ° 25 ' 06.5 "；
3) A and B is calculated, A and C working radius error is respectively
Step 3: centrifugation machine worktable two-by-two test by spacing:
1) standard cylinder one, two, three is respectively corresponded to the shaft end for being mounted on workbench A, B, C, with amesdial measurement standard
Cylindrical outer surface adjusts on its center to the axis of rotation of workbench；
2) the diameter d of vernier caliper measurement standard cylinder is used1=90.060mm, d2=90.077mm, d3=90.067mm；
3) with three standard cylinders of vernier caliper measurement two-by-two between external cylindrical surface spacing distance, respectively R12=
956.053mm、R23=956.050mm, R13=95.980mm.And calculate workbench axis of rotation spacing two-by-two:
Step 4: three working radiuses of centrifuge are calculated:
According to Step 2: three, four measurement and calculated result, it is known that the radius error of three workbench is respectively △ R, △
R+△r2, △ R+ △ r3。
Using the cosine law of plane trigonometry, work as R0For centrifuge nominal radius when, can obtain；
Ignore that the second order in formula is small to be measured
Averaged obtains the working radius error of workbench A
Calculate workbench A, B, C real work radius be
RA=R0+ △ R=499.92775mm,
RB=R0+△R+△r2=500.04000mm,
RC=R0+△R+△r3=499.91840mm.
The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, these specific embodiments are all based on the present invention
Different implementations under general idea, and scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto, it is any to be familiar with the art
Technical staff in the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, any changes or substitutions that can be easily thought of, should all cover of the invention
Within protection scope.Therefore, the scope of protection of the invention shall be subject to the scope of protection specified in the patent claim.
Claims (1)
1. a kind of measurement method of four axis centrifuge working radiuses, the four axis centrifuge include a main shaft and A, B, C tri-
Subtable axis, ideally the axis of rotation of A, B, C axis is parallel with main-shaft axis, is mutually 120 ° and is evenly distributed on radius and is
On the circumference of 0.5m, the centripetal acceleration that the rotation of main shaft even angle rate rate generates is to demarcate multiple acceleration transducers；Its feature
It is, comprising the following steps:
Step 1: 120 ° of centrifuge table axis is evenly distributed with error testing at equal intervals:
1) go out the depth of parallelism between three work table rotation axis of centrifuge using level measurement, parallelism error should no more than ±
20 ", otherwise need to be compensated when calculating working radius later,
2) target is mounted on the main-axis end of centrifuge and the mounting surface of three workbench, sets up theodolite, rotated each
Shafting simultaneously observes each target, and target is adjusted on respective axis of rotation,
3) surveyor's transit center reference is to the distance D between main-shaft axis,
4) main shaft gyration axis is directed at using theodolite, live spindle makes the axis of rotation of workbench A and the vertical axes of theodolite
Line, main shaft gyration axis record the horizontal angle α of theodolite in same vertical guide1, and assume that main shaft is in 0 ° of position at this time,
5) main shaft is rotated to 120 ° and 240 ° respectively, theodolite is respectively aligned to workbench B and workbench C axis of rotation, is recorded
The horizontal angle α of theodolite2And α3；
6) when R is the nominal radius of centrifuge, calculating uniformly distributed error is respectively
Step 2: centrifugation machine worktable A and B, the test of A and C working radius difference:
1) rotary centrifuge main shaft makes the common vertical line between centrifuge principal axis line and workbench A axis of rotation, with theodolite center and
The projection join line of workbench A axis of rotation in the horizontal plane is vertical, at this time with the target on theodolite Alignment stage A, record
The horizontal angle α of theodolite4, and assume that centrifuge principal axis is in 0 ° of position at this time,
2) main shaft is rotated to 120 ° and 240 ° respectively, theodolite is respectively aligned to workbench B and workbench C axis of rotation, is recorded
The horizontal angle α of theodolite5And α6,
3) workbench A and B are calculated, the working radius error of A and C are respectively
Step 3: centrifugation machine worktable two-by-two test by spacing:
1) standard cylinder one, two, three is respectively corresponded to the shaft end for being mounted on workbench A, B, C, with amesdial measurement standard cylinder
The radial beat eccentricity of outer surface, adjustment standard cylinder are overlapped its axis with the axis of rotation of corresponding workbench,
2) the diameter d of vernier caliper measurement standard cylinder one, two, three is used1, d2, d3,
3) with three standard cylinders of vernier caliper measurement two-by-two between external cylindrical surface spacing distance, respectively R12、R23、R13, calculate
Workbench axis of rotation spacing two-by-two:
Step 4: three working radiuses of centrifuge calculate:
According to Step 2: three, four measurement and calculated result, it is known that the radius error of three workbench is respectively △ R, △ R+ △
r2, △ R+ △ r3；
Using the cosine law of plane trigonometry, work as R0For centrifuge nominal radius when, can obtain:
Ignore that the second order in formula is small to be measured
Averaged obtains the working radius error of workbench A
Calculate workbench A, B, C real work radius be
RA=R0+ △ R, RB=R0+△R+△r2, RC=R0+△R+△r3；
So far the detection of four axis centrifuge working radiuses is completed.
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| CN111307021A (en) * | 2020-03-03 | 2020-06-19 | 浙江中技建设工程检测有限公司 | Diameter measuring device for outer wall of cambered surface structure and using method thereof |
| CN112197699A (en) * | 2020-09-27 | 2021-01-08 | 配天机器人技术有限公司 | Method, system and device for measuring radial runout of machine tool spindle |
| CN113916219A (en) * | 2021-07-20 | 2022-01-11 | 北京航天控制仪器研究所 | Inertial measurement system error separation method based on centrifuge excitation |
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| CN113916219A (en) * | 2021-07-20 | 2022-01-11 | 北京航天控制仪器研究所 | Inertial measurement system error separation method based on centrifuge excitation |
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