CN110343984B - 一种锌铁合金连续热镀锌钢板生产工艺 - Google Patents
一种锌铁合金连续热镀锌钢板生产工艺 Download PDFInfo
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- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 20
- 229910001335 Galvanized steel Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 13
- 239000008397 galvanized steel Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 13
- 229910000640 Fe alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 10
- KFZAUHNPPZCSCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron zinc Chemical compound [Fe].[Zn] KFZAUHNPPZCSCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 10
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 238000004049 embossing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 238000005275 alloying Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000000137 annealing Methods 0.000 claims description 34
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 36
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 abstract description 36
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 abstract description 16
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 abstract description 8
- 238000005482 strain hardening Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000004080 punching Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005246 galvanizing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001788 irregular Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001953 recrystallisation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007670 refining Methods 0.000 description 1
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- B21C—MANUFACTURE OF METAL SHEETS, WIRE, RODS, TUBES OR PROFILES, OTHERWISE THAN BY ROLLING; AUXILIARY OPERATIONS USED IN CONNECTION WITH METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL
- B21C37/00—Manufacture of metal sheets, bars, wire, tubes or like semi-manufactured products, not otherwise provided for; Manufacture of tubes of special shape
- B21C37/02—Manufacture of metal sheets, bars, wire, tubes or like semi-manufactured products, not otherwise provided for; Manufacture of tubes of special shape of sheets
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
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- C23C2/00—Hot-dipping or immersion processes for applying the coating material in the molten state without affecting the shape; Apparatus therefor
- C23C2/04—Hot-dipping or immersion processes for applying the coating material in the molten state without affecting the shape; Apparatus therefor characterised by the coating material
- C23C2/06—Zinc or cadmium or alloys based thereon
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C2/00—Hot-dipping or immersion processes for applying the coating material in the molten state without affecting the shape; Apparatus therefor
- C23C2/26—After-treatment
- C23C2/28—Thermal after-treatment, e.g. treatment in oil bath
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C2/00—Hot-dipping or immersion processes for applying the coating material in the molten state without affecting the shape; Apparatus therefor
- C23C2/34—Hot-dipping or immersion processes for applying the coating material in the molten state without affecting the shape; Apparatus therefor characterised by the shape of the material to be treated
- C23C2/36—Elongated material
- C23C2/40—Plates; Strips
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
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Abstract
本发明公开一种锌铁合金连续热镀锌钢板生产工艺,依次进行卷料、压花、冲压、磷化处理和镀锌及合金化加工,带钢在镀锌过程中,对工艺做成调整,将带钢平整延伸率降为0%,最终使带钢在压花时避免产生加工硬化导致冲压过程中造成花纹开裂。本发明工艺满足带钢经轧制压花后冲压不开裂,提高生产效率,保证成材率;推进国内压花用合金化镀锌钢板的发展,其中提高国内门业的工艺进步,仿木纹门板的产生,满足了国内对高端门的需求,极大程度上减少了对树木的砍伐,对环境起到重大的保护。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及板材生产工艺技术领域,具体为一种锌铁合金连续热镀锌钢板生产工艺。
背景技术
在国内造门行业中,一些造门企业在板材传统工艺上进行了改进。板材旧生产工艺流程为:卷料→落料板→冲压→鳞化处理→喷涂→烘烤;改进后的板材生产工艺流程为:卷料→压花(轧辊)→落料板→冲压→鳞化处理→喷涂→烘烤。
改进后的新生产工艺流程与传统旧工艺流程的区别在于在生产过程中多了压花这道工序,但偏偏由于压花这道工序成了造门业发展进步的阻碍,因为冲压后门板容易发生开裂,成材率极低。其根本原因在于卷料经过轧辊压花后,钢板表面形成了各种各样深浅不一的花纹,带钢在线压花轧制时,带钢经过这种粗制的压花工序后产生了加工硬化,板料冲压时在折弯处的花纹会容易产生开裂等现象。
发明内容
为了克服现有技术提及的缺点,本发明提供一种锌铁合金连续热镀锌钢板生产工艺,满足带钢经轧制压花后冲压不开裂,提高生产效率,保证成材率。
本发明解决其技术问题所采用技术方案为:一种锌铁合金连续热镀锌钢板生产工艺,依次进行卷料、压花、冲压、磷化处理和镀锌及合金化加工,带钢在镀锌过程中,对工艺做成调整,将带钢平整延伸率降为0%,即生产镀锌合金化钢板时不投放平整机,最终使带钢在压花时避免产生加工硬化导致冲压过程中造成花纹开裂。
进一步的,在冲压过程中,模具冲压压力由0.52MPa,调整到0.46 MPa ,带钢作为门板生产之用时,冲压深度由8cm调整到6.8cm。
进一步的,在镀锌过程中,退火工艺分为四个阶段:第一阶段的退火温度为820℃,退火速度为100mpm,平整延伸率为0.8%;第二阶段的退火温度为840℃,退火速度为80mpm,平整延伸率为0.6%;第三阶段的退火温度为860℃,退火速度为80mpm,平整延伸率为0.2%;第四阶段的退火温度860℃,退火速度为80mpm,平整延伸率为0%。采取退火温度由820℃逐步提高到860℃,退火速度由100mpm逐步降到80mpm的形式,有效降低钢板的硬度,改善机械加工性能,消除残余应力,稳定尺寸,减少变形与裂纹倾向,细化晶粒,调整组织,消除组织缺陷;均匀材料组织和成分,改善材料性能或为以后热处理做组织准备。
本发明的有益效果是:其生产工艺满足带钢经轧制压花后冲压不开裂,提高生产效率,保证成材率;推进国内压花用合金化镀锌钢板的发展,其中提高国内门业的工艺进步,仿木纹门板的产生,满足了国内对高端门的需求,极大程度上减少了对树木的砍伐,对环境起到重大的保护。
附图说明
图1为本发明实施例中不使用平整机构的状态参考图。
实施方式
下面对本发明进行进一步的说明。
一种锌铁合金连续热镀锌钢板生产工艺,依次进行卷料、压花、冲压、磷化处理和镀锌及合金化加工;
带钢在冲压过程中,压花镀锌板在试模期间模具调整:
1)模具冲压压力由0.52MPa,调整到0.46 Mpa;
2)门板冲压深度由8cm调整到6.8cm;
带钢在现有生产的镀锌过程中,退火的主要工艺条件是:退火温度800℃,退火目标速度120mpm,平整延伸率1.0%。由于带钢力学性能屈服强度约165MPa,容易引起冲压问题:冲压件的花纹出现无规律的开裂,凹凸部位开裂多发较为严重。为了满足带钢冲压性能,本发明在现有的退火生产工艺上进行了以下几步调整:
第一阶段:退火温度820℃,退火速度100mpm,平整延伸率0.8%;结果:带钢力学性能屈服强度约160MPa,冲压效果没明显的改善。
第二阶段:退火温度840℃,退火速度80mpm,平整延伸率0.6%;结果:带钢力学性能屈服强度约150MPa,花纹处开裂得到了抑制,偶发暗裂,凹凸部位开裂位置减少。
第三阶段:退火温度860℃,退火速度80mpm,平整延伸率0.2%;结果:带钢力学性能屈服强度约135MPa,消除花纹处开裂现象,凹凸部位偶发开裂。
第四阶段:退火温度860℃,退火速度80mpm,平整延伸率0%;结果:带钢力学性能屈服强度约120MPa,花纹处及凹凸部位无开裂或暗裂现象。
退火工艺调整的目的:
(1)降低硬度,改善机械加工性能;
(2)消除残余应力,稳定尺寸,减少变形与裂纹倾向;
(3)细化晶粒,调整组织,消除组织缺陷;
(4)均匀材料组织和成分,改善材料性能或为以后热处理做组织准备。
经多次压花及模具进行调整后,模具及镀锌工艺上的调整在压花板冲压门板成型过程中,开裂起到了减轻的作用,但未能完全消除开裂现象。最后,镀锌工艺调整,将平整延伸率降为0%,即生产镀锌合金化钢板时不投放平整机。
平整机的原理:经过再结晶退火和镀锌后的带钢往往需要平整,使带钢获得必要的性能和表面质量,满足后工序加工的要求。在连续热镀锌机组上的平整机,平整实质是一种小压下量的轧制变形。因压花板在镀锌过程中使用平整机,带钢已产生一定量的轧制变形,后在压花过程中再次投入轧制工艺,使带钢产生2次轧制变形,最终使带钢产生加工硬化,所以很大程度上影响到了带钢后工序的加工性能。如图1所示,图中标示L方向为带钢2输送方向,本发明方案在于生产低屈服合金化镀锌钢板时,带钢2在镀锌及合金化后经过平整机时,将平整机打开不投放使用,平整机的支撑辊1和工作辊3离开带钢2表面,使带钢2不进行平整,最终使带钢2在压花时避免产生加工硬化导致冲压过程中造成花纹开裂。
以上所述者,仅为本发明的较佳实施例而已,当不能以此限定本发明实施的范围,即大凡依本发明申请专利范围及发明说明内容所作的简单的等效变化与修饰,皆仍属本发明专利涵盖的范围内。
Claims (3)
1.一种锌铁合金连续热镀锌钢板生产工艺,其特征在于,依次进行卷料、压花、冲压、磷化处理和镀锌及合金化加工,在镀锌过程中,退火工艺分为四个阶段:第一阶段的退火温度为820℃,退火速度为100mpm,平整延伸率为0.8%;第二阶段的退火温度为840℃,退火速度为80mpm,平整延伸率为0.6%;第三阶段的退火温度为860℃,退火速度为80mpm,平整延伸率为0.2%;第四阶段的退火温度860℃,退火速度为80mpm,平整延伸率为0%。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种锌铁合金连续热镀锌钢板生产工艺,其特征在于,在冲压过程中,模具冲压压力调整为0.46Mpa。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述的一种锌铁合金连续热镀锌钢板生产工艺,其特征在于,在冲压过程中,冲压深度调整为6.8cm。
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