CN110337974A - It is planted trees in the area that arid Gobi desert, desert and year accumulated snow have with storing method - Google Patents

Abstract

This application involves Gobi deserts, desert afforestation field, it provides and a kind of is planted trees in the area that arid Gobi desert, desert and year accumulated snow have with storing method, it is that invention tutor generates following three big technologies with the scientific theory of " storing method ": is planted trees with " storing method ", every square metre of weight of accumulated snow of year has 40 kilograms of place, annual plant trees can not consider water source, with snow grader, accumulated snow is pushed at plant pit, carries out infiltrating irrigation to snow melt chemical conversion water.It is planted trees with " storing method " in barren lands such as the Gobi deserts of arid, watering pours water is primary within 1 year.It is planted trees with " storing method " in desert region, 1 year note is poured water primary.The common ground of three big technologies: the water content and evaporation capacity of reserve tank soil are controlled in the hand of " storing method ", it can 90% or more the amount of conserving water, survival rate is minimum up to 98%, 1 year only snow removing, watering, water filling it is primary, year accumulated snow have area and do not have to consider water source and artificial watering.The history beginning has been started in " storing method " water-saving afforestation.

Description

It is planted trees in the area that arid Gobi desert, desert and year accumulated snow have with storing method

Technical field

The present invention relates to Gobi deserts, desert afforestation field, more particularly to one kind to have in arid Gobi desert, desert and year accumulated snow Standby area is planted trees with storing method.

Background technique

From new China to today, country is arid area radix saposhnikoviae, sand prevention, is put into every year to increase rainfall for afforestation A large amount of human and material resources and financial resources.With the development and progress of society, it is imitated to improve ecological benefits, social benefit and economy Benefit, checking the wind and fixing the shifting sand, transformation arid, greening environment, purification air are easier said than done.So China great Northwest punja must be focused on How the place that the desert and year accumulated snow of area's Gobi desert sandstone barren land and a wide expanse of flat land have, settle at one go, completely thorough Bottom solves Scientific Water Conservation afforestation work, this is the Important Problems of inventor's research.

Some famine mountain wastes nearly all become forest in China, but just do not have that in China, arid area, great Northwest It is easy, though all taking a variety of different method afforestations of drop dropping point point dribs and drabs every year, survival rate is very low, The practicability is poor, even if having large area place in field, there is also some hidden danger and some accident factors using trickle irrigation, once Power failure water shortage will all that has been achieved is spoiled.Summer is hot, and the evaporation capacity of water is big, has dripped more and has not come in turn, has dripped and lacked plant pit 6 face evaporations are fast, can only sustain life, far from well established and vigorously developing.Tree root grows up to a circle and sticks together, this is that it grows up to old man The main reason for tree, because drip irrigation method tree planting does not provide the condition and chance grown up strong and sturdy as towering tree, tree root surrounding Spread length is inadequate.But this trickle irrigation method is also difficult to grow up to towering tree in field.

In addition to this, have in China, area, great Northwest it is bare without trees in many rural area street institutes, peasant household, also So far the more than ten years, more than ten trees, vastness hoped that less than the Gobi desert on side be even more no trees to several hundred inner national highways at a glance not yet, The reason is that not developing the technical solution of complete set, water-saving tree planting condition and method.

In the prior art, in order to keep arid area tree planting survival rate, some using drip irrigation technique provide moisture, Also have to use in semiarid zone and be laid with plastic cloth in tree well in a manner of keeping moisture and use funnel collection rainwater.

Inventor's discovery: for drip irrigation technique, although the water oozed saves water than sprinkling irrigation, due in gobi, sand Desert has that bottom leak, surrounding infiltration, top evaporation capacity are big, still remains very big water resource waste；Trickle irrigation is planted trees Moisture does not have " storage capacity ", only evaporation capacity, and two are extreme, does not wet, by all means for the moment, no matter all one's life.Due to trickle irrigation plant pit Catchment area is small, and the full of leaves purpose of root long is not achieved, and survival rate of planting is low, and old man tree is more.And trickle irrigation is planted trees to draw in field and be set Water supplying pipe, branch pipe capillary, pipe fitting is more, thus cost is high.

For plastic cloth is laid in tree well and by the way of funnel collection rainwater for, due to by the way of tree well, Although individually digging pit less, in the case where extensive afforestation, the workload digged pit and planted trees one by one is very big, limitation The scale of afforestation；And plant trees that mode tree well is smaller, and bottom is tapered due to digging pit, in addition being plastics around tree well Cloth, tree root can not trail around, be limited in tree well, be easy to be fallen by wind in tree.Since tree well is smaller, do not have Safety coefficient, when serious drought, the moisture of standby can not chosen if tree planting is few once there is the problem of serious drought Water pours tree, it is more what if.

Inventor also found, in the northwest China of arid, there are the place of many winter year accumulated snow, but it is no It utilizes.The accumulated snow in winter is seeped, be evaporated in air after thawing in grit, keeps bare Gobi desert and cities and towns small Area rural area garden, street roadside do not have trees, waste the resource of the Nature.

Therefore, it is necessary to change it is existing arid Gobi desert, the water-saving degree of planting in desert afforestation technology is low, cost is high, plant trees Survival rate is low, can not fully and completely solve above-mentioned water-saving afforestation work on a large scale the case where wall beach, desert are afforested The problems in make.

Summary of the invention

It is planted in the area that arid Gobi desert, desert and year accumulated snow have with storing method the object of the present invention is to provide a kind of Tree, solves the problems, such as that water-saving degree is low in the prior art, cost is high, survival rate of planting is low.

It is planted trees in the area that arid Gobi desert, desert and year accumulated snow have with storing method, comprising the following steps:

Step 1: planning the trend of reserve tank to be dug, its gradient and drop positioning and unwrapping wire；

Step 2: being laid with plastic cloth in the reserve tank dug, seeps water to prevent reserve tank leak, and 2 meters of reserve tank bottom width, slot Wall is 1 meter deep, and each 1 meter of the plastic cloth in both sides suitable for reading, which will be spooled, is embedded in edge suitable for reading with soil pressure；

Step 3: backfilling clay fertilizer to reserve tank, fill up loosen the soil it is above ground level, to filling out close to reserve tank side wall portions Soil carries out a degree of compacting, strikes off to entire reserve tank backfill surface；

Step 4: after striking off, then equalling plastic cloth fold, and after plastic cloth fold is good, both sides collar extension presses one layer by lid at wall The plastic cloth of sun-proof soil, plant pit position will be there are air evaporation face, the plastic central cloth joint bedding straw screen or mat on reserve tank Son will be sealed.

Step 5: reserve tank is poured after backfilling, infuses filling or removed the snow before spring snow melting into reserve tank, and (year is long-pending Snow has area).

Step 6: when being planted trees in holding tank；In the case of planting trees timely, it can not have to dig pit and water, It is directly pressed on plant pit and just sinks to required depth, plant pit is suitable for reading to cover spade sealing soil again.

Further, in the case where needing to be afraid of to prick bad plastic cloth, in step 1 to three, steel plate can be used to paste as template Nearly storage groove groove wall, collar extension reserved space plug 3 steel pipes, and steel pipe and template top have eyelet, shuttering supporting it is good after； Two anchor lines are fixed by eyelet in template top, and anchor short wooden stake is inserted on the outside of template；To prevent template movement.Groove bottom, which strikes off, to be spread It sets up defences water layer plastic cloth, then backfills arable soil, after backfill is full, the collar extension of template backfills dry sandy soil as modeling again Expect that the protective layer of cloth, dry fine sand vibrate punching block when backfilling collar extension half, collar extension soil will tamp, to prevent generating later Slump extracts punching block after filling up collar extension and steel pipe continuation extends forward.

Further, in step 1 to three, prepare enough steel plate conducts there are in the case where drift sand, landslide in desert Template wants crossheading line to be plugged template, so that template is sunk to 1.2 with excavator bucket downward pressure concrete steel pipe before excavator excavation Rice, grooving is 1 meter deep, and template uses steel pipe as power muscle, and 5 both ends of template make inserting groove, the one eye conduct of each steel pipe brill suitable for reading The hook eye of anchor line, anchor short wooden stake are inserted in 1 meter of underground depth and move inward to prevent template plate to prop up template with sand and cause to cave in, Template is extracted after the completion of banketing.

Further, in step 5, in the soil of reserve tank in soil moisture content of the water content between 70% to 90%, when planting trees Need to dig pit watering.

Further, in step 5,

Under conditions of year accumulated snow has 110 kilograms every square metre, the year accumulated snow in line-spacing is separated from the middle, is shifted onto respectively In the reserve tank on both sides, the weight avenged needed for every meter of reserve tank long is 660 kilograms, and the plantation line number of First Year is unrestricted.

Under conditions of every square metre of snowpack of year has 73.3 kilograms, reserve tank needs to distribute snow a line half, and 6 meters of line-spacing Add 3 meters of year accumulated snow for being equal to 9 meters wide, First Year can only plant four row trees in same plot；The weight avenged needed for every meter of reserve tank long Amount are as follows: 73.3 kilograms every square metre of snowpack of year is equal to 660 kilograms multiplied by 9 square meters；

Under conditions of year, snowpack had 55 kilograms of every square meter, every reserve tank needs 12 meters wide of year accumulated snow, two rows snow Merge into blizzard in a reserve tank, the weight avenged needed for every meter of reserve tank long are as follows: year 55 kilograms every square metre of snowpack multiplied by 12 square meters are equal to 660 kilograms, and First Year can only plant three rows；

Under conditions of every square metre of snowpack of year has 36.2 kilograms, First Year can also take the third snow removing completely Method carries out blizzard, and 36.2 kilograms are equal to 434 kg of water multiplied by 12 square meters, reaches 70% soil moisture content, just needs to dig pit when planting trees Tree is poured with drawing water, after having poured water, woven straw, the fully sufficient 1 year evaporation capacity of 70% or more moisture are covered at once.

Having 40 kilograms or more of place in every square metre of accumulated snow of year, it is later annual no longer to remove the snow and manage, it removes Snowfall is that 40 kilograms of 2 square meters multiplied by tree wall are equal to 80 kilograms；

In the soil of reserve tank in soil moisture content of the water content between 70% to 90%, watering of digging pit is required when planting trees；

Year every square meter accumulated snow have 40 kilograms to 14 kilograms of place, annual spring requires to be removed into reserve tank Snow.

Further, the shrub of 2-3 blackcurrant, fructus lycii one kind can be inserted after setting and having planted, between two plant pits, played sand prevention and hidden Yin effect, reduces evaporation capacity.

Further, in the case where storing trough slope greater than 0.5%, the reserve tank in step 1 is equipped with waist lattice, there is waist Every preventing water leakage plastic cloth not cut, continue the construction of downward tree wall.

Beneficial effects of the present invention

1 " storing method " water-saving afforestation, title is comprehensively clear, is easily understood,

2. it is easy to operate, it is very clear.

3. management is simple, because fully and completely, settling at one go.The optimum condition for creating arboreal growth keeps soil eternal Keep scientific and reasonable, advantageous stable soil moisture content.It is only poured without the dry early area of snow within 1 year, desert note fills, every square metre of year 40 kilograms of accumulated snow snow removings in 1 year below are primary, and snow-broth infiltrating irrigation water is primary.As paying a New Year call people, 1 year time, say hello away People is simply to serve.Jorum cold water has drunk carefree not thirsty not hungry full year.

4. the dry star in China great Northwest area, spring year Snow Thickness is at 0.4 meter or so, every square metre of accumulated snow weight minimum 40 It is kilogram general all in 100 kilograms or so of place, it is planted trees with " storing method ", all never considers water source and management.

5. year accumulated snow has 40 kilograms or less 14 kilograms or more of each cell in cities and towns and village, peasant household street roadside and baldness Afforestation can be met in bald institute, peasant household, looking snow to sweep to " reserve tank " is inner when snowing every time can meet 1 year evaporation capacity.

6. the watering tube that do not have to forever that every square metre of accumulated snow weight reaches 40 kilograms or more after Gobi desert 1 year is managed, people is saved Power physical resources and financial resources and water source.40 kilograms with down toward 14 kilograms or more every year except accumulated snow it is primary.

7. dry early area can save 90% or more water source with " storing method " every year.Trickle irrigation method tree planting leak infiltration, oozes Water, all in evaporation water, water consumption is greater than " storing method " 90% or more in six faces.If only made with bottom surface surrounding with plastic foil Just single ground surface evaporating capacity suitable for reading is 3-7 times high compared to the evaporation capacity of the moisture suitable for reading of " storing method " if waterproof layer.Equal to big Part water waste, for one, trickle irrigation plant pit surface moisture evaporation capacity is greater than the 4-7 on " storing method " reserve tank plant pit surface Times.

8. more traditional trickle irrigation method further reduces moisture evaporation, save water.

9. moisture, fertilizer stable content in reserve tank, are conducive to sapling and survive and grow up, solves trickle irrigation plant pit by the water surface Product is small, and survival rate of planting is low, the more problem of old man tree.

10. it is banketed using year accumulated snow for reserve tank and moisture is provided partially having a year area for accumulated snow condition, it is annual only to need The moisturizing that removes the snow once can guarantee the water consumption of tree, and cost of labor is greatly saved.Trickle irrigation irrigation times 1 year than " storing method " Twenties times are higher by, and " storing method " is annually, 1-3 hour of water supply, the place that accumulated snow has, and is once all not required within several years It manages, without weeding.

11. partially having a year area for accumulated snow condition, year snowpack is greater than reserve tank year evaporation capacity, only removes when planting trees The primary supplement water of snow, does not have to rewater after the completion of planting trees, and does not have to be laid with watering setting, does not have to management, greatly saved equipment at Sheet and cost of labor.

12. snow-removing method of the invention compares holding tank evaporation capacity and year snowpack, holding tank has been fully considered The surplus for needing water ensure that the water consumption after the completion of planting trees, safety coefficient are high.

13. using " storing method " in the area that China great Northwest has many areas and half of autonomous region's large area year accumulated snow to have Water-saving afforestation is compared with other water-saving forest planting methods, " storing method " some place just do not have to water, be exactly well water, River water, tap water are not spent in front, and " storing method " is also unnecessary to be gone to ask for trouble.

Inventor advocates science always for many years, and theory and practice combines, and is to settle at one go with storage method, complete set Technical solution, the area that should fully and completely plant trees under change different condition and environment will go logical.For many years, it invents People has carried multiple multi-disc in the nursery of oneself, and a water is poured in success of the test for 1 year.There are also the hillside sunny side dagger-axes of arid Wall beach, survival rate 99 percent, does not consider water source twice.Soil moisture content is controlled 75% or more.The speed of growth is higher than It is other, because the soil moisture content of " storing method " is stablized, constant temperature and humidity.

Detailed description of the invention

Fig. 1 is the reserve tank stereoscopic schematic diagram in the embodiment of the present invention 1；

Fig. 2 is the reserve tank stereoscopic schematic diagram in the embodiment of the present invention 2；

Fig. 3 is the reserve tank sectional schematic diagram in the embodiment of the present invention 1,2；

Fig. 4 is sectional schematic diagram after the reserve tank moisturizing in the embodiment of the present invention 1,2；

Fig. 5 example waist lattice cross-section diagram of the present invention；

Cross-section diagram before 1 reserve tank of Fig. 6 embodiment of the present invention bankets；

Cross-section diagram before 2 reserve tank of Fig. 7 embodiment of the present invention bankets；

Fig. 8 Fig. 7 schematic side view of the present invention, i.e. template lateral surface elevation；

Fig. 9 embodiment of the present invention 1 is in roadside tree planting floor plan；

Figure 10-12 present invention snow removing area distributions cross-section diagram；

1. reserve tank, 2. plastic clothes, 3. sun-proof soil, 4. waists are every, 5. templates, 6. anchor lines, 7. anchor short wooden stakes, 8. reserve tanks Snow, 9. woven straws, 10. clays, 11. desert soils, 12. inserting grooves, 13. water supplying pipes, 14. treble ported slide valves, 15. irrigation pipes, 16. Steel pipe.

Specific embodiment

Following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and technical solution in the embodiment of the present invention carries out clear, complete Whole description.

Embodiment 1

The embodiment is the situation applied to gobi and other grassless areas.As shown in Fig. 1,3-4.

Step 1: according to the flatness unwrapping wire of landform, planning that reserve tank 1 to be dug moves towards, and width is 2 meters, 1 meter of depth, The line of rabbet joint is drawn, the bottom surface for excavating reserve tank will embody flatness with suitable for reading.

Step 2: being laid with plastic cloth 2 in the reserve tank 1 dug, and the overall width of plastic cloth 2 is 6 meters, and 2 meters of bottom layer width, Slot wall both sides are respectively laid with 1 meter of deep plastic cloth, and to prevent the infiltration of slot wall, each 1 meter of the plastic cloth in reserve tank both sides suitable for reading will be spooled with soil Pressure is embedded in edge suitable for reading, and reserve tank both ends are equally laid with plastic cloth.

Step 3: banket fertilizer, fills up to loosen the soil and wants above ground level, loosens the soil sinking for anti-watering, then with tractor with small four wheels head A left side is rolled one time, and the right side is rolled one time, and intermediate there are wide plant pits more than 0.4 meter not to roll.In order to make holding tank smooth, third is dilatory all over using The scraper plate of the appropriate weight of head band strikes off one time.In the case where professional extensive operation, rational design can be transformed and widen tire, Band lifting scraper plate, tandem rolling band scrape a success afterwards.

Step 4: after striking off, then equalling plastic cloth fold, and after plastic cloth fold is good, both sides collar extension is in 20 centimetres at wall Sun-proof native the 3 of lid one layer of 3 cm thick of pressure, as shown in Figure 2.It can not replaced after the plastic cloth several years insolation weathering of blinding.Tree Acupuncture point is set will be there are 0.3 meter * 0.3 meter of air evaporation face, not bedding plastic cloth.The plastic central cloth joint on reserve tank The woven straw 8 that one layer 1 meter wide of bedding, to play night insulation and preserving soil moisture the effects of windproof.

Step 5: banketing in reserve tank 1 and supplement water, and during supplementing water, being banketed due to the two sides of reserve tank is compacting , centre is not compacted make to collapse downwards at intermediate gap 4 there are certain slump, is formed shown in Fig. 3, enters conducive to water and banket In.It is placed after keeping the skin wet.

Step 6: the plant pit plastic cloth below straw screen or mat and straw screen or mat is raised when planting trees, in interior kind of tree planting of banketing.

When reserve tank slot is greater than 0.5% along the gradient, when drop is more than 0.5 meter, reserve tank is not dug through, and there are waists every will store Slot partition, plastic cloth are continuously climbed over from waist every top.

Shown in Fig. 9 is the situation using this method in highway both sides, and both sides of highway installs water supplying pipe, and bright pipe hidden pipe is all Can, lateral irrigation pipe is set in the highest point of landform, treble ported slide valve is arranged in irrigation pipe, and water pours for 1 year to for both sides flowing water It is primary, compared with trickle irrigation, branch pipe capillary and water dropper are saved, twenties times of irrigation times are also saved.

Embodiment 2

Reserve tank is excavated in complicated soil property, there are many places disorderly and unsystematic, eight hole of both sides slot wall seven apertures in the human head, anti-permeating plastics cloth is very It is easy to be punctured.

On the basis of embodiment 1, step 1 in three, can use 2 meters long, 1 meter wide, thick 2.5 millimeters of steel plate as For template 5 close to storage groove groove wall, the steel pipe 16 of 4 centimetres of 3 root long, 1 rice diameter is plugged in the space that reserved 4 centimetres of collar extension, steel pipe and Template top have eyelet, shuttering supporting it is good after；Template top fixes two 2 meters long of anchor line 6, anchor short wooden stake 7 by eyelet High 0.5 meter is inserted on the outside of template, to prevent template movement.Groove bottom, which strikes off, is being laid with waterproof layer plastic cloth, then suitable kind of backfill The soil of plant, after backfill is full, the collar extension of template backfills protective layer of the dry fine sand as plastic cloth, dry fine sand backfill in backfill again Punching block is vibrated when collar extension half, collar extension soil will tamp, and to prevent generating slump later, extract steel after filling up collar extension Mould and steel pipe continuation extend forward.

Embodiment 3

The case where embodiment is applied to desert area, the difficulty in desert are drift sand and landslide.

Step 1: planning reserve tank trend to be dug, and width is 2 meters, and the line of rabbet joint is drawn on ground.Prepare enough steel plates as mould Plate 5 wants crossheading line to be plugged template, method is so that template is sunk with excavator bucket downward pressure concrete steel pipe before excavator excavation To 1.2 meters, grooving is 1 meter deep, forms reserve tank 1.

The template specification length is 1 meter 2 meters wide, and 5 centimetres of diameter of steel pipe of 31 meters long of welding is welded on as power muscle Intermediate each one of the power muscle in both ends, 5 both ends of template production inserting groove is husky to prevent leak-stopping together, and each steel pipe one eye of brill suitable for reading is made For the hook eye of anchor line, anchor line is 2 meters long, and anchor short wooden stake is 1 meter long, is inserted in 1 meter of underground depth, and lower mouth is 0.2 meter reserved, can use husky support Firmly template moves inward to prevent template plate and causes to cave in.

Step 2: being laid with plastic cloth 2 in the reserve tank 1 dug, and the overall width of plastic cloth 2 is 6 meters, and 2 meters of bottom layer width, The deep plastic cloth in each 1 meter of slot wall both sides, to prevent the infiltration of slot wall, each 1 meter of the plastic cloth in reserve tank both sides suitable for reading will be spooled to be buried with soil pressure At edge suitable for reading.

Step 3: banket fertilizer, fills up to loosen the soil and wants above ground level, for anti-sinking of loosening the soil of watering, extracts template after banketing Continue to extend back and assigns template；Entire reserve tank bankets, and blends one third wherein banketing and backfilling every cubic metre at plant pit Appropriate clay, it is therefore an objective to plant pit soil is fixed, in order to avoid tree is blown down by strong wind in the future.

Step 4: after reserve tank strikes off, then equalling plastic cloth fold, and after plastic cloth fold is good, both sides collar extension is by wall 20 Centimetre inner cover presses sun-proof native the 3 of one layer of 3 cm thick, is formed as shown in Figure 2.Not after the plastic cloth several years insolation weathering of blinding It can replace.Plant pit position will be there are 0.2 meter * 0.2 meter of air evaporation face, not bedding plastic cloth.It is intermediate on reserve tank One layer of 1 meter of wide woven straw of plastic cloth joint bedding, to play night insulation and preserving soil moisture the effects of windproof.

Step 5: water injection pipe is installed in reserve tank notch, is filled the water to reserve tank.Cannot ditch bright water of desert pours, can only Boiled water gate valve, which is infused, to be filled, and is less than the suitable row of setting of water supplying pipe and is arranged, one mouth of a river of installation is downward among two tree positions, has lock The dystopy threeway of valve, note fill the amount of storage of " reserve tank " water.

Step 6: can insert the shrub of 2-3 blackcurrant, fructus lycii one kind after setting and having planted, between two plant pits, play sand prevention shading Effect reduces evaporation capacity.

It is primary only to water enough water for sapling in cultivation, if carrying tree in time, can not have to dig pit and water, It directly presses on tree six and just sinks to required depth, plant pit is suitable for reading to cover spade sealing soil again, uses manpower and material resources sparingly and financial resources.

Embodiment 4

In the area of China great Northwest arid, there is entire winter after the winter snowfall of a big chunk area not change, run up to This part year accumulated snow can be carried out storage utilization on the basis of embodiment 1 or 3 by spring ability snow melting, as being in step 5 The moisture that tree planting provides, and carried the supply of moisture after tree.

The water needed from dry ground to saturation is 310 kilograms/cubic metre, passes through calculating and actual verification, the embodiment of the present invention 1 Or in 3,660 kg of water are needed from dry ground to every meter of length of bright water reserve tank.

6 meters of tree planting line-spacing, the first situation will be in line-spacing under conditions of year, snowpack had 110 kilograms/square meter Year accumulated snow is separated from the middle, and is shifted onto the reserve tank on both sides respectively, and the weight avenged on every square meter on reserve tank is 110 kilogram * 6 Square meter=660 kilogram.In this case, the plantation line number of First Year is unrestricted.As illustrated in fig. 10.

Second situation, under conditions of year, snowpack had 73.3 kilograms/square meter, reserve tank needs to distribute snow a line Half, 6 meters+3 meters=9 meters wide year accumulated snow of line-spacing, First Year can only plant four row trees in same plot.It is every meter long on reserve tank The weight for needing to avenge is 73.3 kilogram of * 9 square meter=660 kilogram.As shown in figure 11

The third situation, under conditions of year, snowpack had 55 kilograms/square meter, every reserve tank needs 12 meters wide of year product Snow, two rows snow merge into snow in a reserve tank heap, and the weight avenged on every square meter on reserve tank is 55 kilogram of * 12 square meter=660 Kilogram, First Year can only plant three rows.As shown in figure 12

4th kind of situation, under conditions of every square metre of snowpack of year has 36.2 kilograms, First Year can also be adopted completely The third snow-removing method is taken to carry out blizzard, 36.2 kilogram of * 12 square meter=434 kg of water just reaches 70% soil moisture content, plant trees When the He Lashui that just needs to dig pit pour tree, after having poured water, the fully sufficient 1 year evaporation capacity of 70% or more moisture, First Year Storage capacity after the completion of, there is no need to consider external water source later.

5th kind of situation, to several rows of overloading, according to Figure 11-12 it is not difficult to find out that, can only be on the basis of next year elite tree row It is each to increase by one to two row.

6th kind of situation square metre has 40 kilograms or more of place in year accumulated snow, no longer removes the snow every year later With management, except snowfall be 40 kilograms of * tree walls 2 square meter=80 kilogram.

7th kind of situation, in the soil of reserve tank in soil moisture content of the water content between 70% to 90%, book of planting trees needs to dig Hole watering.

8th kind of situation, year every square meter accumulated snow have 40 kilograms to 14 kilograms of place, annual spring requires to storage It deposits in slot and removes the snow.

Certainly it should be added that, in autumn can be in the reserve tank after banketing by normally digging pit, plant trees, draw The mode that water pours tree is planted trees, spring in the coming year, and snow removing keeps the skin wet in the manner described above, it is therefore an objective to when to prevent the tree planting of spring in the coming year Between have little time.

It should be noted that the reserve tank before planting trees, the storage capacity except snowfall and after planting trees is not the one thing, the former is storage Moisture storage capacity needed for depositing the dry ground inside slot, the latter are that the annual moisture of supplement needed for every cubic metre of soil after planting trees steams 40 kilograms of hair amount or so.

In the place that China great Northwest has many winter accumulated snow to have, arid area since ancient times, the Nature has given people This large resource that class is not spent, but do not go to utilize, it all slatterns, makes bare Gobi desert and town region township In institute, village, street roadside does not have trees, has " storing method " that snowy arid area is allowed to become forest oasis as early as possible, does not need Drip irrigation and spray irrigation and pouring spend a large amount of human and material resources, financial resources to remove reference well water, river water, tap water, this is a kind of unnecessary Huge waste.

Year accumulated snow weight per square meter have 40 kilograms or more with " storing method " plant trees forever do not have to watering.Annual spring Every square metre of accumulated snow weight has 40 kilograms or less 14 kilograms or more, is annually removed the snow before spring melt snow with snow breaker ?.Without considering other water sources.It can become forest as early as possible with " storing method " tree planting, fully and completely change China great Northwest is dry The ecological environment in nonirrigated farmland area enables ecological benefits, Social benefit and economic benefit to play huge variation, is done with " storing method " At economic forest, the arid area that vast territory and abundant resources can be made thoroughly to shake off poverty and set out on the road to prosperity forever.

1. with " storing method " have in every square metre of accumulated snow weight of year 40 kilograms or more (20 centimetres of spring Snow Thickness with On) place plant trees do not consider water source and forever do not have to watering tube manage.

2. having 40 kilograms in year with " storing method " to remove and plant down toward 14 kilograms or more of place for every square metre of accumulated snow weight It is needed when tree other than continuous watering 2 times, the snow removing into " reserve tank " of annual spring is primary.No snow-up terrain pours every year Desert note is poured water primary.(typically now all swept and removed the snow with snow breaker)

3. " storing method " allows " reserve tank " interior soil moisture to be permanently retained in best soil moisture content and does not do not wet 70% or so.

It is water-saving immeasurable and 90% or more 4. " storing method " survival rate of planting is minimum 98% or more, it is water-saving immeasurable to refer to The water for the place section that year accumulated snow has is inestimable.

This especially big resource of " 5. storing method " water-saving full utilization year accumulated snow of planting trees and thoroughly to solve this huge The wasting of resources.

6. the design of 6 meters of " storing method " tree planting line-spacing advantageously accounts for the performance of the utilization rate and technology of " reserve tank " and has Conducive to the place that year accumulated snow has, annual spring snow removing area needs to design, and foot is away from being kind according to tree, arbor and shrub Size and people requirement and design.

7. Gobi desert sandstone, gravel, various cobbles and rambling ruins, " reserve tank ", must to prevent puncturing plastic cloth It must be sticked on sheet metal " on holding tank wall ", backfill is suitble to the soil planted trees in slot, and template collar extension backfills dry sandy soil and protects Layer, then extracts steel plate, continues to extend back.

8. desert is that anti-digging reserve tank drift sand and landslide occurs, equally with different size templates, formwork supporting plate shoveling Machine is grabbed bucket once pressing down, because desert sandy soil are loose, relatively good pressure.

9. salt-soda soil will adjust the soil of " reserve tank ", the edge surrounding of " holding tank " wants 20 centimetres above ground level or more, Prevent and external enters reserve tank with saline and alkaline rainwater, snow-broth.

10. cities and towns school district Rural Yard, street roadside does not all need specially to remove the snow and water, and snows sweep cell front yard every time Institute, roadside, street is looked when avenging can.

Theory of the invention is: working hard and practising economy, reduces unnecessary waste.

Theory of the invention is: using " storing method " water-saving afforestation, precautions averts perils, is greater than without frustrated safety coefficient The 50% of radix, " storing method " are guided with theory support.

Inventor contracts nursery base, and for over ten years at scientific base, research practice and test, have obtained many repeatedly Successful technical experience and data (seeing attached list 1).

What is storing method? as its name suggests: in arid area the desert of Gobi desert sandstone barren land and a wide expanse of flat land and Year accumulated snow the area for square metre not having 14 kilograms or more, and water-saving afforestation must first have to storage food as people living The place of object, water shortage will equally store water, who is the source of all things on earth, and the storage method of water is: allow the snow-broth and dagger-axe of year snow melting The water that wall beach is poured, desert note fills enters the soil for storing the reserve tank water-tight, impermeable and suitable for reading for being stamped straw screen or mat, evaporating less In earth, scientific and reasonable absorption and air evaporation are allowed, fully and completely solve the problems, such as the keeping and waste of water resource.

The formula of " storing method " includes storage volume, and the soil planted trees, fertilizer, accumulated snow water and pouring, note is suitble to pour water, humidity, Temperature etc..The storage capacity and air of water absorb the ratio between evaporation capacity, must integrate theory with practice in scientific research technology.Invention The nursery base that people contracts, becomes the scientific base of inventor for over ten years, studies and tests repeatedly, obtains many successes Technical experience and data.What needs to be explained here is that is spring year accumulated snow, only one winter of refrigerant latitudes snows, product There are one piece when the spring is warm to melt, and such snow is year accumulated snow.Year Snow Thickness be it is ponderable, can only say every square metre of weight Amount, cannot light say that thickness, the snow of Temperate Region in China are unreliable also worthless.

Here is design scheme, comprising:

The Design of length of reserve tank: the length of all reserve tanks is unlimited, and to reduce cost, easy for construction, holding tank is longer Better, it is contemplated that the drop of landform, does not exceed 0.5% gradient, in the case where landform allows, reserve tank is as far as possible It is long, but length does not exceed 200 meters.The gradient is more than percent 0.5%, it is necessary to set waist every.The life of the tree root of flute length relationship Long, make a call to a waist every increasing waterproof layer plastic cloth more than two meters because root long is full of leaves, this plastic cloth money more than two meters is not as good as using more It is not only beautiful but also good-looking on leveling earth.It is convenient that flute length is also relate to watering, and water is stored into slot just as silo, It does not lose and wastes, only store and absorb and evaporate on demand.Have waist every preventing water leakage plastics not cut, continue to Preceding laying, the reason is that in order to, every connection, facilitate watering annually with the waist of next tree wall.

Store the design of groove width: the width of reserve tank is suitably limited, of imposing stature tree species long for the service life, width Two meters cannot be less than, because width is directly related to the loose condition of tree root growth, only because various orographic conditions of planting trees It is in different size, so to be unable to absolute sum extreme for width, when conditions permit, mainly consider plastic cloth here 6 meters of width and utilization rate, so slot bottom is two meters wide here.Excavating two abutment wall of reserve tank must be vertical, first is that earth excavation construction party Just, second is that there are the loose conditions taken root to plant pit, third is that increasing the amount of storage of water do two big harms if scraping out taper, First is that tree root does not have growing space, second is that having endless trouble, after setting and growing up, the pulling force of tree root is not easy to be blown down by strong wind, So must be deep-rooted.

The design of storage groove depth: 1 meter to 1.2 meters of groove depth, such as the blackcurrant, fructus lycii of flowers and fruits tree one kind, vine etc. The tree wall of all shrub one kind can suitably put it is small, width and depth adjustment parameter when, have in view of storage water it is enough Amount, that is, it is greater than 1 year evaporation capacity.The depth of " reserve tank " is different, occupied area be it is the same, the absorption of moisture and Evaporation capacity is same.Safety coefficient is greater than the situation after the decades of prediction.Safety coefficient refers to considering awful weather variation Needs.

The construction technology of " storing method ": anywhere landform plant trees, reserve tank trend should according to the flatness of landform and Unwrapping wire, purpose is convenient for convenient construction and watering, and individual slots will cannot be less than 6m with responsible attitude³, excavate reserve tank bottom Face will embody flatness, the wide 2 meters of preventing water leakages of 6 meters of wide plastic clothes, bottom, the deep plastics deployment both sides slot wall in each 1 meter of slot wall both sides Infiltration, two abutment walls support after laying to plastic cloth, and each 1 meter of the plastic cloth in one side suitable for reading will be spooled to be embedded in soil pressure Mouthful edge, start to backfill clay fertilizer, fill up after loosening the soil and wanting above ground level, loosen the soil sinking for anti-watering, then use tractor with small four wheels A head left side is rolled one time, and the right side is rolled one time, and intermediate there are the plant pits more than 0.4 meter not to roll, and in order to make tree wall smooth, third time uses tractor The scraper plate that headband weighs in right amount, scrape one time it is smooth after, then plastic cloth fold put down, after plastic cloth is completed, both sides collar extension is by wall 20 Centimetre inner cover presses the sun-proof soil of one layer of 3 cm thick, can not replace after the plastic cloth several years insolation weathering of blinding, but sets Acupuncture point is set will be there are 0.3 meter × 0.3 meter of air evaporation face, not bedding plastic cloth, plastic central cloth joint paving above tree wall The straw curtain that one layer 1 meter wide of lid.The effects of to play night insulation and soil moisture conservation radix saposhnikoviae.What profession was planted trees, tractor with small four wheels Head can specially determine item design, widen tire, and rear band lifting scraper plate, tandem rolling band scrapes a success.

" storing method " plants trees, construction technology and specification requirement in desert: the difficulty that reserve tank is excavated in desert is Drift sand and landslide, its construction equipment first have to prepare enough steel forms, the long 2 meters × width 1.2 of the specification of every piece of template Rice, welding is 31 meters long, and the steel pipe that 5 centimetres of diameter works as power muscle, is welded on intermediate one, one of each welding at 0.4 meter of both ends Power muscle, punching block both ends will weld inserting groove, not leak sand to prevent the docking of two pieces of steel forms, and per pass power muscle is suitable for reading will to be bored an eye and do The hook eye of anchor line 3, anchor line is 2 meters long, and hair short wooden stake is 1 meter long, is inserted in next meter of depth, plays fixed punching block, and punching block is deep 1.2 meters of degree, 1 meter of grooving depth, lower mouth is 0.2 meter reserved, props up punching block with sand, moves inward to prevent punching block and cause to cave in, the earthwork Before being excavated with excavator, it to be plugged steel form, along the tree row line of rabbet joint, with excavator bucket downward pressure muscle, punching block sinks to 1.2 meters, Grooving is 1 meter deep.Reserve tank is laid with waterproof plastic cloth after digging, and equally to reserve and visit 1.2 meters of water pipe length, and diameter is 3 centimetres.To Extraction punching block, which continues to extend back, after backfill assigns steel form, and planting in desert will backfill 1 cubic metre in plant pit and blend three / mono- appropriate clay, it is therefore an objective to admittedly living 1 cubic metre of volume of plant pit soil, so as not to plant pit is blown down by strong wind from now on, hook Converting some clays can make plant pit soil obtain better stationarity.After clay fertilizer backfill is full, paving plastic cloth is rolled in groove face leveling again, All closing is admittedly good suitable for reading, to prevent moisture evaporation, then covers the anti-sun soil layer of 2 cm thicks again.Wait enter before the winter and spring plants Plant pit mouth is raised when tree, after setting and having carried and pour water, plant pit stays 0.2 meter × 0.2 meter air evaporation face, not in lid plastic cloth Between 1 meter of bedding wide straw curtain, being layered among slot is that radix saposhnikoviae scrapes and husky exposes plastic cloth.Slot installation water main desert suitable for reading is not The bright water of capable of ditching pours, can only boiled water gate valve note fill, per pass water supplying pipe installs one along tree row setting among two tree positions A mouth of a river has downwards the dystopy threeway of gate valve, and the water evaporation quantity of after-teeming 1 year, water filling in 1 year is once.

In the reserve tank for excavating all complicated soil properties, there are many local disorderly and unsystematic, eight holes of both sides slot wall seven apertures in the human head, it is easy to Anti-permeating plastics cloth is punctured, method is attached on reserve tank with 2 meters long × wide 2.5 millimeters of 1 meter of thickness of sheet metal, and collar extension is 4 centimetres reserved Space plug 3 root long, 1 rice diameter, 4 centimetres of steel pipes, steel pipe and template is suitable for reading all has eyelet, after steel plate is supported, mould Plate is suitable for reading to hang up two 2 meters of long anchor lines again, and long 0.5 meter of hair short wooden stake to prevent template movement.Groove bottom, which strikes off, re-lays waterproof layer Plastic cloth, after then backfill is suitble to the soil planted trees, backfill full, punching block collar extension backfills dry thin sand and soil again and does plastic cloth protective layer, Punching block is vibrated when dry fine sand earthen backfill collar extension half, collar extension soil will tamp, and to prevent generating slump later, fill up Punching block and steel pipe continuation is transferred to extend forward after collar extension.

" storing method " principle:

Prove that " storing method " is that dry early area is snowy and make without snow and desert area science by the research practice of more than ten years The most effective technical method of woods.It is only convenient, without difficult and future trouble.Its size design is the principle according to " storing method " And effect: the ratio between storage capacity and evaporation capacity and design, allow it storage capacity and evaporation capacity control 73 percent hereinafter, Using professional knowledge by soil specification to it is not wet it is not dry be preferred, this just cries scientific afforestation, because of the evaporation capacity in early area It is four to seven times of reserve tank evaporation capacity.

6 meters of line-spacing, 2 meters of the groove width of tree, 1 meter to 1.2 meters of depth, such as the shrub slot of blackcurrant and fructus lycii one kind, depth does not have yet Necessity is put small, and depth can be at 0.8 meter.For trees kind of imposing stature, cannot light see the small sapling of today, Yi Houchang At the extremely big tree of 1 meter of diameter or so wear what if? we learned the principle of lever and mechanics, the pulling force of towering tree and shearing Power is all in the root of tree, so cannot underestimate the width and depth of reserve tank.

The core technology of " storing method ": wherever, the water content of each " reserve tank " soil is the same, Though its geographical location is different, evaporation capacity is ever-changing, the evaporation capacity of each plant pit position control be it is scientific, Of different sizes according to evaporation capacity can finally make soil moisture content reach required purpose by the size of rule adjustment evaporating surface, water Storage capacity 95 percent must rest in the hand of people, as silo, out into it is how many I have the final say, cannot appoint by It, this is the largest core technology.Here it is science, science originates from practice standardizes with the knowledge of experience.

The core of tangible and Invisible technology, " reserve tank " water-saving afforestation technology of the invention is to consider weather wave in advance It is dynamic, it is to come with preparation.The design and line-spacing of reserve tank be consider Climate Fluctuations to snowfall for normal half to three/ One the case where, can save soil moisture content, guarantee trees survival.The size and line-spacing of holding tank, which have all been done, increases examining for safety coefficient Consider.

It is primary only to water enough water for sapling in cultivation, if carrying tree in time, can not have to dig pit and water, It is directly pressed on plant pit and just sinks to required depth, plant pit is suitable for reading to cover spade sealing soil again, uses manpower and material resources sparingly and financial resources.

Trickle irrigation is planted trees, and in the place of some large area of field, there is the hidden danger of many uncertain factors, in summer sweltering heat When, once power failure water shortage etc. is pressed for time because of hot weather, the not extra time room for maneuver can all cause preceding function It abandons to the greatest extent, this is also the main reason for causing old man tree." storing method " plant trees just be not present more than problem because supply exceed demand, It is exactly annually to supply water to go wrong, also ten thousand without mistake, because socializing a year and a half phase, has many chances and time-triggered protocol to solve The water supply problem of next year.

National territorial area is big, complicated geology, and various barren lands, which can be replaced and be adjusted with " storing method ", is suitble to life The soil of long trees.All positive energy all standings, upper advantage, practicability extra-heavy are planted trees with " storing method " with regard to year accumulated snow accordingly This important breakthrough creates ecological benefits to the country and people, and social benefit, economic benefit is extremely big incomparable, has started history The beginning.

Subordinate list 1: the aqueous scale of soil conditions

Illustrate: every cubic metre of dry ground, water satisfied are saturated 310 kilograms

The specific gravity of water: 1 cubic metre is 1000 kilograms

Half sandy soil are different with yellow clay, and above technical scheme obtains above technical scheme, obtain the above scientific and technical data.

The width of " storing method " tree planting reserve tank and depth size difference, but evaporation capacity is the same.

Claims (10)

1. being planted trees in the area that arid Gobi desert, desert and year accumulated snow have with storing method, which is characterized in that including following step It is rapid:

Step 1: planning the trend of reserve tank to be dug, its gradient and drop positioning and unwrapping wire；

Step 2: being laid with plastic cloth in the reserve tank dug, and to prevent reserve tank leak infiltration, 2 meters of reserve tank bottom width, slot wall is deep 1 meter, each 1 meter of the plastic cloth in both sides suitable for reading, which will be spooled, is embedded in edge suitable for reading with soil pressure；

Step 3: to reserve tank backfill clay fertilizer, fill up loosen the soil it is above ground level, to close to reserve tank side wall portions banket into The a degree of compacting of row, strikes off entire reserve tank backfill surface；

Step 4: after striking off, then equalling plastic cloth fold, after plastic cloth fold is good, both sides collar extension by lid at wall press one layer it is sun-proof The plastic cloth of soil, plant pit position will be there are air evaporation face, and plastic central cloth joint bedding woven straw, on reserve tank It is sealed.

Step 5: reserve tank is poured after backfilling, infuses filling or remove the snow before spring snow melting into reserve tank.

Step 6: when being planted trees in holding tank；In the case of planting trees timely, it can not have to dig pit and water, in tree six Upper directly pressure just sinks to required depth, and plant pit is suitable for reading to cover spade sealing soil again.

2. it is planted trees as described in claim 1 in the area that arid Gobi desert, desert and year accumulated snow have with storing method, feature It is, in step 1 to three, steel plate can be used as template close to storage groove groove wall, collar extension reserved space plugs 3 steel pipes, steel Pipe and template top have eyelet, shuttering supporting it is good after；Two anchor lines are fixed by eyelet in template top, and anchor short wooden stake is inserted in mould On the outside of plate；Groove bottom, which strikes off, is being laid with waterproof layer plastic cloth, arable soil is then backfilled, after backfill is full, outside template Mouth backfills protective layer of the dry fine sand as plastic cloth in backfill again, and dry fine sand vibrates punching block when backfilling collar extension half, Collar extension soil will tamp, and to prevent generating slump later, extract punching block after filling up collar extension and steel pipe continuation extends forward.

3. it is planted trees as described in claim 1 in the area that arid Gobi desert, desert and year accumulated snow have with storing method, feature It is, prepares enough steel plates as template and want crossheading line to be plugged template before excavator excavation, be pressed downward with excavator bucket Power concrete steel pipe makes template sink to 1.2 meters, and grooving is 1 meter deep, and template uses steel pipe as power muscle, and template both ends make inserting groove, often A steel pipe hook eye suitable for reading for boring an eye as anchor line, anchor short wooden stake is inserted in 1 meter of underground depth, to prop up template with sand；In step In three, template is extracted after the completion of banketing.

4. it is planted trees as described in claim 1 in the area that arid Gobi desert, desert and year accumulated snow have with storing method, feature It is, in step 5, in the soil of reserve tank in soil moisture content of the water content between 70% to 90%, book of planting trees needs, which are digged pit, to be poured Water.

5. it is planted trees as described in claim 1 in the area that arid Gobi desert, desert and year accumulated snow have with storing method, feature It is, in step 5, under conditions of Nian Jixue has 110 kilograms every square metre, the year accumulated snow in line-spacing is separated from the middle, point It does not shift onto the reserve tank on both sides, the weight avenged needed for every meter of reserve tank long is 660 kilograms, and the plantation line number of First Year is unrestricted System.

6. it is planted trees as described in claim 1 in the area that arid Gobi desert, desert and year accumulated snow have with storing method, feature It is, in step 5,

Under conditions of every square metre of snowpack of year has 73.3 kilograms, reserve tank needs to distribute snow a line half, and 6 meters of line-spacing plus 3 Rice is equal to 9 meters wide of year accumulated snow, and First Year can only plant four row trees；It is every meter of reserve tank long needed for avenge weight are as follows: year snowpack it is every Square metres 73.3 kilograms are equal to 660 kilograms multiplied by 9 square meters；

Under conditions of year, snowpack had 55 kilograms of every square meter, every reserve tank needs 12 meters wide of year accumulated snow, and two rows snow merges To be avenged in a reserve tank heap, every meter of the reserve tank long required weight avenged are as follows: 55 kilograms every square metre of snowpack of year is flat multiplied by 12 Rice is equal to 660 kilograms, and First Year can only plant three rows；

Under conditions of every square metre of snowpack of year has 36.2 kilograms, First Year can also take the third snow-removing method completely Blizzard is carried out, 36.2 kilograms are equal to 434 kg of water multiplied by 12 square meters, reach 70% soil moisture content, just need to dig pit and draw when planting trees Water pours tree, after having poured water, covers woven straw, the fully sufficient 1 year evaporation capacity of 70% or more moisture at once.

7. it is planted trees as described in claim 1 in the area that arid Gobi desert, desert and year accumulated snow have with storing method, feature It is, in step 5,

Square metre have 40 kilograms or more of place in year accumulated snow, it is later annual no longer to remove the snow and manage, remove snowfall It is equal to 80 kilograms for 40 kilograms of 2 square meters multiplied by tree wall；

In the soil of reserve tank in soil moisture content of the water content between 70% to 90%, watering of digging pit is required when planting trees；

Year every square meter accumulated snow have 40 kilograms to 14 kilograms of place, annual spring requires to remove the snow into reserve tank.

8. it is planted trees as described in claim 4 or 5 in the area that arid Gobi desert, desert and year accumulated snow have with storing method, Be characterized in that, after setting and having planted, between two plant pits can black plug gallon, fructus lycii one kind shrub.

9. being planted trees in the area that arid Gobi desert, desert and year accumulated snow have with storing method as described in one of claim 1-5, It is characterized in that, further including step 7: according to year snowpack determine second year and later time whether carry out toward banket top into Row blizzard.

10. as claimed in claims 1-5 planted trees in the area that arid Gobi desert, desert and year accumulated snow have with storing method, Be characterized in that, in the case where storing trough slope and being greater than 0.5%, the reserve tank in step 1 is equipped with waist lattice, have waist every leakproof Water plastic cloth not cut.