CN110337689A - 吸音材料 - Google Patents
吸音材料 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN110337689A CN110337689A CN201780087477.XA CN201780087477A CN110337689A CN 110337689 A CN110337689 A CN 110337689A CN 201780087477 A CN201780087477 A CN 201780087477A CN 110337689 A CN110337689 A CN 110337689A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- layer
- sound
- porous
- perforated
- porous layer
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- 239000011358 absorbing material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 105
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 70
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 claims description 22
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 claims description 22
- 229920001971 elastomer Polymers 0.000 claims description 21
- 239000005060 rubber Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000004745 nonwoven fabric Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000002657 fibrous material Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 229920002521 macromolecule Polymers 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910010272 inorganic material Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 2
- 239000011147 inorganic material Substances 0.000 claims 2
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 17
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 308
- 239000011496 polyurethane foam Substances 0.000 description 31
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acrylic acid Chemical class OC(=O)C=C NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 28
- 229920005830 Polyurethane Foam Polymers 0.000 description 28
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 22
- 239000002390 adhesive tape Substances 0.000 description 18
- -1 polyethylene terephthalate Polymers 0.000 description 17
- 239000004820 Pressure-sensitive adhesive Substances 0.000 description 13
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 10
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 9
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 8
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 8
- 229920000139 polyethylene terephthalate Polymers 0.000 description 7
- 239000005020 polyethylene terephthalate Substances 0.000 description 7
- 230000003313 weakening effect Effects 0.000 description 7
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000011490 mineral wool Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229920002943 EPDM rubber Polymers 0.000 description 4
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 4
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- 206010000269 abscess Diseases 0.000 description 4
- 239000003431 cross linking reagent Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000005187 foaming Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229920001707 polybutylene terephthalate Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 description 4
- LLLVZDVNHNWSDS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-methylidene-3,5-dioxabicyclo[5.2.2]undeca-1(9),7,10-triene-2,6-dione Chemical compound C1(C2=CC=C(C(=O)OC(=C)O1)C=C2)=O LLLVZDVNHNWSDS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000004925 Acrylic resin Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920000178 Acrylic resin Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000004821 Contact adhesive Substances 0.000 description 2
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 241000222640 Polyporus Species 0.000 description 2
- 239000004793 Polystyrene Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 description 2
- CERQOIWHTDAKMF-UHFFFAOYSA-N alpha-methacrylic acid Natural products CC(=C)C(O)=O CERQOIWHTDAKMF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000004411 aluminium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920005549 butyl rubber Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229920001821 foam rubber Polymers 0.000 description 2
- PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold Chemical compound [Au] PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000010931 gold Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 210000004209 hair Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(III) oxide Inorganic materials O=[Fe]O[Fe]=O JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000012948 isocyanate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000002513 isocyanates Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000002955 isolation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 2
- 229920000515 polycarbonate Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000004417 polycarbonate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920001225 polyester resin Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000004645 polyester resin Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920000098 polyolefin Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920005672 polyolefin resin Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920002223 polystyrene Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920006327 polystyrene foam Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000004800 polyvinyl chloride Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920000915 polyvinyl chloride Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000002889 sympathetic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- BAPJBEWLBFYGME-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methyl acrylate Chemical group COC(=O)C=C BAPJBEWLBFYGME-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000006096 absorbing agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000005250 alkyl acrylate group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000806 elastomer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000003700 epoxy group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003292 glue Substances 0.000 description 1
- VOZRXNHHFUQHIL-UHFFFAOYSA-N glycidyl methacrylate Chemical compound CC(=C)C(=O)OCC1CO1 VOZRXNHHFUQHIL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004519 grease Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001296 polysiloxane Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 125000003011 styrenyl group Chemical class [H]\C(*)=C(/[H])C1=C([H])C([H])=C([H])C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 description 1
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- G10K—SOUND-PRODUCING DEVICES; METHODS OR DEVICES FOR PROTECTING AGAINST, OR FOR DAMPING, NOISE OR OTHER ACOUSTIC WAVES IN GENERAL; ACOUSTICS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G10K11/00—Methods or devices for transmitting, conducting or directing sound in general; Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general
- G10K11/16—Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general
- G10K11/162—Selection of materials
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Abstract
提供薄型、轻量的具有优异的低频率吸音性的吸音材料。该吸音材料具有依序包括第一穿孔层;第一多孔层;第二穿孔层;和第二多孔层的层叠结构。第一穿孔层具有多个厚度方向通孔。第二穿孔层具有多个厚度方向通孔。第一穿孔层的厚度为小于1mm。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及吸音材料。
背景技术
作为吸音材料,迄今为止,已广泛使用如玻璃棉等纤维系材料,和如聚氨酯泡沫等发泡材料。然而,此类材料各自具有不良的低频率吸音性,因此需要使用厚度大的材料以便实现低频率下的充分的吸音。
为了用具有受限厚度的材料进行低频率吸音,低频率吸音效果通常通过共鸣(共振)而得到。
作为通过共鸣(共振)得到低频率吸音效果的方法,给出了涉及使用板或膜的方法,和涉及使用狭缝或穿孔板形成亥姆霍兹共振器(Helmholtz resonator)的方法。特别地,通常采用涉及使用狭缝或穿孔板形成亥姆霍兹共振器的方法(特别是,穿孔板和背衬层的组合)。然而,穿孔板具有重量重的问题和形状自由度受限制的问题。
存在其中如发泡塑料等多孔片材和具有通孔的致密片材交替层叠的吸音材料的报道(专利文献1)。然而,该吸音材料要求相对厚的致密片材,因此涉及难以同时实现低频率吸音性和轻量性。
引文列表
专利文献
[专利文献1]JP 04-37994 B2
发明内容
发明要解决的问题
本发明的目的是提供为薄型轻量的且低频率吸音性优异的吸音材料。
用于解决问题的方案
根据本发明的一个实施方案,提供了一种吸音材料,其包括层叠结构,所述层叠结构依序包含:第一穿孔层;第一多孔层;第二穿孔层;和第二多孔层,其中所述第一穿孔层在其厚度方向上具有多个通孔,其中所述第二穿孔层在其厚度方向上具有多个通孔,并且其中所述第一穿孔层的厚度为小于1mm。
在一个实施方案中,由所述第一穿孔层的多个通孔形成的所述第一穿孔层的多个表面开口部的最大孔径为1mm以上。
在一个实施方案中,作为所述第一穿孔层的整个表面中所述多个表面开口部的比率的所述第一穿孔层的表面开口率为20%以下。
在一个实施方案中,由所述第二穿孔层的多个通孔形成的所述第二穿孔层的多个表面开口部的最大孔径为1mm以上。
在一个实施方案中,作为所述第二穿孔层的整个表面中所述多个表面开口部的比率的所述第二穿孔层的表面开口率为20%以下。
在一个实施方案中,所述第二穿孔层的厚度为小于1mm。
在一个实施方案中,所述第一多孔层的厚度为1mm以上。
在一个实施方案中,所述第二多孔层的厚度为1mm以上。
在一个实施方案中,根据本发明的一个实施方案的吸音材料的总厚度为小于300mm。
在一个实施方案中,所述第一多孔层具有各自从所述第一多孔层的至少一个表面起在其厚度方向上以D1以下的长度形成的多个孔部,D1表示所述第一多孔层的厚度,并且由所述多个孔部形成的所述第一多孔层的多个表面开口部的最大孔径为1mm以上。
在一个实施方案中,在平面图中,所述第一多孔层的多个表面开口部和所述第一穿孔层的多个表面开口部配置在重叠的位置处。
在一个实施方案中,所述第二多孔层具有各自从所述第二多孔层的至少一个表面起在其厚度方向上以D2以下的长度形成的多个孔部,D2表示所述第二多孔层的厚度,并且由所述多个孔部形成的所述第二多孔层的多个表面开口部的最大孔径为1mm以上。
在一个实施方案中,在平面图中,所述第二多孔层的多个表面开口部和所述第二穿孔层的多个表面开口部配置在重叠的位置处。
在一个实施方案中,所述吸音材料具有从所述第一穿孔层的与所述第一多孔层相反的表面延伸至所述第二多孔层的与所述第二穿孔层相反的表面的多个通孔。
在一个实施方案中,形成所述第一穿孔层的材料包括选自树脂、金属、橡胶、无机材料、织物和无纺布中的至少一种。
在一个实施方案中,形成所述第二穿孔层的材料包括选自树脂、金属、橡胶、无机材料、织物和无纺布中的至少一种。
在一个实施方案中,形成所述第一多孔层的材料包括选自高分子多孔材料、金属多孔材料、无机多孔材料、多孔织物、多孔无纺布、纤维状材料、和高分子整体材料(polymermonolithic material)中的至少一种。
在一个实施方案中,形成所述第二多孔层的材料包括选自高分子多孔材料、金属多孔材料、无机多孔材料、多孔织物、多孔无纺布、纤维状材料、和高分子整体材料中的至少一种。
发明的效果
根据本发明,可以提供为薄型轻量的且低频率吸音性优异的吸音材料。
附图说明
图1为用于说明根据本发明的一个实施方案的吸音材料的示意性截面图。
图2为用于说明根据本发明的更具体的实施方案的吸音材料的示意性截面图。
图3为用于说明根据本发明的更具体的实施方案的吸音材料的示意性截面图。
图4为用于说明根据本发明的一些实施方案的吸音材料的透视图。
图5为用于说明在其中第一多孔层具有孔部的情况下的一些实施方案的示意性截面图。
图6为用于说明在其中第二多孔层具有孔部的情况下的一些实施方案的示意性截面图。
图7为示出吸音材料(1)~(4)的吸音率的图。
图8为示出吸音材料(5)~(8)的吸音率的图。
图9为示出吸音材料(C1)的吸音率的图。
图10为示出吸音材料(C2)~(C5)的吸音率的图。
具体实施方式
本发明中,术语"穿孔层"意指具有在层的厚度方向上贯穿的孔(通孔)的层。本发明中,术语"多孔层"意指具有多个空隙(多孔)的层。
本发明的吸音材料具有依序包括第一穿孔层、第一多孔层、第二穿孔层和第二多孔层的层叠结构。本发明的吸音材料可包括任意适当的其它层,只要吸音材料具有依序包括第一穿孔层、第一多孔层、第二穿孔层和第二多孔层的层叠结构即可。此类其它层可具有例如1个以上的通孔。
第一穿孔层、第一多孔层、第二穿孔层和第二多孔层各自可以由单一层形成,或者可以为2层以上的层叠体。
优选的是:本发明的吸音材料具有依序包括第一穿孔层、第一多孔层、第二穿孔层和第二多孔层的层叠结构;并且第一穿孔层作为最外层。
图1为用于说明根据本发明的一个实施方案的吸音材料的示意性截面图。图1中,本发明的吸音材料100包括第一穿孔层10A、第一多孔层10B、第二穿孔层20A和第二多孔层20B。图1中,第一穿孔层10A和第二多孔层20B作为最外层。图1中,未示出第一穿孔层10A和第二穿孔层20A的通孔,以及第一多孔层10B和第二多孔层20B的多孔。
图2为用于说明根据本发明的更具体的实施方案的吸音材料的示意性截面图。图2中,本发明的吸音材料100包括第一穿孔层10A、第一多孔层10B、第二穿孔层20A和第二多孔层20B。图2中,第一穿孔层10A和第二多孔层20B作为最外层。图2中,第一穿孔层10A在其厚度方向上具有多个通孔1a。图2中,第二穿孔层20A在其厚度方向上具有多个通孔2a。未示出第一多孔层10B和第二多孔层20B的多孔。图2中,在平面图中,通孔1a和通孔2a全部配置在重叠的位置处,但是可以部分地配置在非重叠的位置处,或者可以全部配置在非重叠的位置处。
图3为用于说明根据本发明的更具体的实施方案的吸音材料的示意性截面图。图3中,本发明的吸音材料100包括第一穿孔层10A、第一多孔层10B、第二穿孔层20A和第二多孔层20B。图3中,第一穿孔层10A和第二多孔层20B作为最外层。图3中,本发明的吸音材料100具有从第一穿孔层10A的与第一多孔层10B相反的表面延伸至从第二多孔层20B的与第二穿孔层20A相反的表面的多个通孔3。未示出第一多孔层10B和第二多孔层20B的多孔。
本发明的吸音材料的总厚度优选为小于300mm,更优选1mm~200mm,还更优选3mm~100mm,特别优选5mm~50mm。当本发明的吸音材料的总厚度落在上述范围内时,吸音材料是薄型的,因此可以用于各自要求薄型吸音材料的各种目的。
本发明的吸音材料的平均密度优选为300kg/m3以下,更优选1kg/m3~200kg/m3,还更优选5kg/m3~150kg/m3,特别优选10kg/m3~100kg/m3,最优选20kg/m3~50kg/m3。当本发明的吸音材料的密度落在上述范围内时,可以提供为更轻量的且低频率吸音性优异的吸音材料。
本发明的吸音材料可采用其中如图4(a)的透视图中所示的,第一穿孔层10A不覆盖吸音材料的侧面的实施方案;可采用其中如图4(b)的透视图中所示的,第一穿孔层10A覆盖侧面的一部分的实施方案;可采用其中如图4(c)的透视图中所示的,第一穿孔层10A覆盖整个侧面的实施方案;可采用其中如图4(d)的透视图中所示的,第一穿孔层10A覆盖吸音材料的整个侧面、和背面的一部分的实施方案;或者可采用其中如图4(e)的透视图中所示的,第一穿孔层10A覆盖整个侧面和整个背面的实施方案。另外,本发明的吸音材料可采用其中在图4(b)、图4(c)、图4(d)或图4(e)中示出的实施方案中覆盖侧面的至少一部分的部分或覆盖背面的至少一部分的部分为除第一穿孔层10A以外的层的实施方案。
在不削弱本发明的效果的程度上,本发明的吸音材料的长度方向上的各端面的至少一部分可以用任意适当的层堵塞(blocked)。另外,本发明的吸音材料的长度方向上的端面可以各自通过借助加压等使截面形状变形来堵塞。
本发明的吸音材料为薄型轻量的且低频率吸音性优异,因此可以用于各种用途。本发明的吸音材料在低频率区域中可表现出极其优异的吸音性,因此可以用作例如轮胎用吸音材料,特别是用作针对空洞共振(cavernous resonance)的措施。特别是当本发明的吸音材料用作轮胎用吸音材料时,优选的是,在200Hz~300Hz的区域中表现出优异的吸音性。当本发明的吸音材料用作轮胎用吸音材料时,从使轮胎中的更优异的吸音性表现出的观点出发,优选图4(b)、图4(c)、图4(d)、或图4(e)中示出的实施方案,更优选图4(c)、图4(d)、或图4(e)中示出的实施方案。
当本发明的吸音材料用作轮胎用吸音材料时,其第一穿孔层侧和第二多孔层侧的任意之一可以配置在轮胎侧,并且从使轮胎中的更优异的吸音性表现出的观点出发,优选的是,将第二多孔层侧固定至轮胎侧。根据要求使用轮胎的环境,任意适当的手段可以用作用于将本发明的吸音材料固定至轮胎的手段。作为此类手段,例如,给出在低温环境中很少使用的轮胎用丙烯酸系双面带,并且给出在低温环境中经常使用的轮胎用橡胶系双面带。
作为用于将本发明的吸音材料固定至轮胎的手段的丙烯酸系双面带的实例为包括由如下压敏粘合剂组合物形成的丙烯酸系压敏粘合剂层的丙烯酸系双面带(例如,具有构成"丙烯酸系压敏粘合剂层/隔离膜(separator)"的无基材双面带),所述压敏粘合剂组合物包括通过使包含(甲基)丙烯酸烷基酯(例如,丙烯酸2-乙基己酯)、(甲基)丙烯酸和含环氧基的(甲基)丙烯酸酯(例如,甲基丙烯酸缩水甘油酯)的单体组合物聚合得到的(甲基)丙烯酸系聚合物以及交联剂(例如,异氰酸酯系交联剂)。
作为用于将本发明的吸音材料固定至轮胎的手段的丙烯酸系双面带的厚度优选为360μm以下,更优选260μm以下,还更优选160μm以下,特别优选60μm以下。该厚度的下限优选为4μm以上,更优选20μm以上,还更优选30μm以上,特别优选40μm以上。
当将通过丙烯酸系压敏粘合剂层贴合至背衬材料(PET#25)得到的试验片在23℃的温度和50%RH的湿度下通过用2kg辊往复一次压接至橡胶板(丁基橡胶),接着在100℃的温度下老化30分钟,然后将该试验片在100℃的温度、180度的剥离角度和300mm/min的剥离速度下从橡胶板剥离时,作为用于将本发明的吸音材料固定至轮胎的手段的丙烯酸系双面带的丙烯酸系压敏粘合剂层的压敏粘合力优选为0.1N/20mm~100N/20mm,更优选0.3N/20mm~50N/20mm,还更优选0.5N/20mm~30N/20mm,特别优选0.7N/20mm~10N/20mm,最优选1N/20mm~5N/20mm。
作为用于将本发明的吸音材料固定至轮胎的手段的橡胶系双面带的实例为包括由如下压敏粘合剂组合物形成的橡胶系压敏粘合剂层的橡胶系双面带(例如,具有构成"橡胶系压敏粘合剂层/无纺布/橡胶系压敏粘合剂层/隔离膜"的双面带),所述压敏粘合剂组合物包含苯乙烯系弹性体(例如,SIS)和交联剂(例如,异氰酸酯系交联剂)。
作为用于将本发明的吸音材料固定至轮胎的手段的橡胶系双面带的厚度的上限优选为360μm以下,更优选290μm以下,还更优选220μm以下,特别优选150μm以下。该厚度的下限优选为4μm以上,更优选40μm以上,还更优选80μm以上,特别优选120μm以上。
当将通过橡胶系压敏粘合剂层贴合至背衬材料(PET#25)得到的试验片在23℃的温度和50%RH的湿度下通过用2kg辊往复一次压接至橡胶板(丁基橡胶),接着在100℃的温度下老化30分钟,然后将该试验片在100℃的温度、180度的剥离角度和300mm/min的剥离速度下从橡胶板剥离时,作为用于将本发明的吸音材料固定至轮胎的手段的橡胶系双面带的橡胶系压敏粘合剂层的压敏粘合力优选为0.1N/20mm~100N/20mm,更优选0.3N/20mm~50N/20mm,还更优选0.5N/20mm~30N/20mm,特别优选0.7N/20mm~10N/20mm,最优选1N/20mm~5N/20mm。
<第一穿孔层>
第一穿孔层在其厚度方向上具有多个通孔。任意适当的形状,例如正圆形、椭圆形、三角形、四边形、多边形或狭缝形状,可以用作由通孔形成的第一穿孔层的各表面开口部的形状。此类形状中,从使本发明的效果进一步表现出的观点以及容易生产的观点出发,优选正圆形、椭圆形、或四边形,且更优选正圆形。由第一穿孔层的多个通孔形成的第一穿孔层的表面开口部可以具有仅一种形状,或者可以具有2种以上的形状。
从使本发明的效果进一步表现出的观点出发,由第一穿孔层的多个通孔形成的第一穿孔层的多个表面开口部各自的圆当量孔径优选为1mm以上,更优选1mm~100mm,还更优选2mm~50mm,还更优选3mm~30mm,还更优选4mm~20mm,特别优选5mm~10mm。各表面开口部的圆当量孔径为具有与表面开口部相同的面积的圆的直径。
从使本发明的效果进一步表现出的观点出发,作为第一穿孔层的整个表面中第一穿孔层的多个表面开口部的比率的第一穿孔层的表面开口率优选为20%以下,更优选0.01%~20%,还更优选0.05%~10%,还更优选0.1%~5%,还更优选0.2%~4%,特别优选0.3%~3%,最优选0.4%~2%。表面开口率由(Sopen/Stotal)×100(%)表示,其中Stotal(mm2)表示整个表面(包括表面开口部)的面积,Sopen(mm2)表示该表面中的多个表面开口部的总面积。
第一穿孔层的厚度为小于1mm。凭借第一穿孔层的厚度为小于1mm,与本发明的其它特征组合,可以提供为薄型轻量的且低频率吸音性优异的吸音材料。从使本发明的效果进一步表现出的观点出发,第一穿孔层的厚度优选为0.0001mm~0.9999mm,更优选0.0005mm~0.5mm,还更优选0.001mm~0.2mm,还更优选0.001mm~0.1mm,还更优选0.001mm~0.05mm,特别优选0.002mm~0.03mm,最优选0.004mm~0.015mm。
从使本发明的效果进一步表现出的观点出发,第一穿孔层的面密度(areadensity)优选为1,000g/m2以下,更优选0.05g/m2~1,000g/m2,还更优选0.5g/m2~500g/m2,特别优选0.5g/m2~200g/m2,最优选3g/m2~50g/m2。
在不削弱本发明的效果的程度上,任意适当的材料可以用作形成第一穿孔层的材料。从使本发明的效果进一步表现出的观点出发,此类材料优选为选自树脂、金属、橡胶、无机材料、织物和无纺布中的至少一种。可以作为形成第一穿孔层的材料的树脂的具体实例包括聚酯树脂(例如,聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯、聚对苯二甲酸丁二醇酯和聚萘二甲酸乙二醇酯)、丙烯酸系树脂、聚烯烃系树脂(例如,聚乙烯和聚丙烯)、聚碳酸酯系树脂、苯乙烯系树脂和聚氯乙烯。可以作为形成第一穿孔层的材料的金属的具体实例包括铝、不锈钢(SUS)、铁和铜。当形成第一穿孔层的材料为树脂时,具有层状形状的树脂,例如树脂膜(例如,聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯膜)、粘接带或压敏粘合带,可以按原样使用,或者可采用通过施涂能够形成涂膜的树脂材料而形成的树脂层。另外,例如,可采用通过将多孔层如在熔融发泡加工中那样熔融而形成的树脂层。
在不削弱本发明的效果的程度上,第一穿孔层的表面可以进行任意适当的表面处理或表面加工。
<第二穿孔层>
第二穿孔层在其厚度方向上具有多个通孔。任意适当的形状,例如正圆形、椭圆形、三角形、四边形、多边形或狭缝形状,可以用作由通孔形成的第二穿孔层的各表面开口部的形状。此类形状中,从使本发明的效果进一步表现出的观点以及容易生产的观点出发,优选正圆形、椭圆形、或四边形,且更优选正圆形。由第二穿孔层的多个通孔形成的第二穿孔层的表面开口部可以具有仅一种形状,或者可以具有2种以上的形状。
从使本发明的效果进一步表现出的观点出发,由第二穿孔层的多个通孔形成的第二穿孔层的多个表面开口部各自的圆当量孔径优选为1mm以上,更优选1mm~100mm,还更优选2mm~50mm,还更优选3mm~30mm,还更优选4mm~20mm,特别优选5mm~10mm。各表面开口部的圆当量孔径为具有与表面开口部相同的面积的圆的直径。
从使本发明的效果进一步表现出的观点出发,作为第二穿孔层的整个表面中第二穿孔层的多个表面开口部的比率的第二穿孔层的表面开口率优选为20%以下,更优选0.01%~20%,还更优选0.05%~10%,还更优选0.1%~5%,还更优选0.2%~4%,特别优选0.3%~3%,最优选0.4%~2%。表面开口率由(Sopen/Stotal)×100(%)表示,其中Stotal(mm2)表示整个表面(包括表面开口部)的面积,Sopen(mm2)表示该表面中的多个表面开口部的总面积。
第二穿孔层的厚度优选为小于1mm,更优选为0.0001mm~0.9999mm,还更优选0.0005mm~0.5mm,还更优选0.001mm~0.2mm,还更优选0.001mm~0.1mm,还更优选0.001mm~0.05mm,特别优选0.002mm~0.03mm,最优选0.004mm~0.015mm。当第二穿孔层的厚度落在上述范围内时,可以提供为更薄型更轻量的且低频率吸音性优异的吸音材料。
从使本发明的效果进一步表现出的观点出发,第二穿孔层的面密度优选为1,000g/m2以下,更优选0.05g/m2~1,000g/m2,还更优选0.5g/m2~500g/m2,特别优选0.5g/m2~200g/m2,最优选3g/m2~50g/m2。
在不削弱本发明的效果的程度上,任意适当的材料可以用作形成第二穿孔层的材料。从使本发明的效果进一步表现出的观点出发,此类材料优选为选自树脂、金属、橡胶、无机材料、织物和无纺布中的至少一种。可以作为形成第二穿孔层的材料的树脂的具体实例包括聚酯树脂(例如,聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯、聚对苯二甲酸丁二醇酯和聚萘二甲酸乙二醇酯)、丙烯酸系树脂、聚烯烃系树脂(例如,聚乙烯和聚丙烯)、聚碳酸酯系树脂、苯乙烯系树脂和聚氯乙烯。可以作为形成第二穿孔层的材料的金属的具体实例包括铝、不锈钢(SUS)、铁和铜。当形成第二穿孔层的材料为树脂时,具有层状形状的树脂,例如树脂膜(例如,聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯膜)、粘接带或压敏粘合带,可以按原样使用,或者可采用通过施涂能够形成涂膜的树脂材料而形成的树脂层。另外,例如,可采用通过将多孔层如在熔融发泡加工中那样熔融而形成的树脂层。
在不削弱本发明的效果的程度上,第二穿孔层的表面可以进行任意适当的表面处理或表面加工。
<第一多孔层>
第一多孔层具有多个空隙(多孔)。第一多孔层的多孔在结构上不特别限定,并且可以具有其中各空隙的至少一部分为三维开放的结构(例如,开放泡孔结构(open-cellstructure))。
由第一多孔层的多孔形成的第一多孔层的多个表面开口部的平均圆当量孔径优选小于由第一穿孔层的多个通孔形成的第一穿孔层的多个表面开口部各自的圆当量孔径。
从使本发明的效果进一步表现出的观点出发,由第一多孔层的多孔形成的第一多孔层的多个表面开口部的平均圆当量孔径优选为小于5,000μm,更优选1μm~5,000μm,还更优选10μm~4,000μm,还更优选20μm~3,000μm,还更优选50μm~2,000μm,特别优选100μm~1,000μm。表面开口部的平均圆当量孔径为具有与表面开口部相同的面积的圆的平均直径。
第一多孔层的厚度优选为1mm以上,更优选2mm~200mm,还更优选3mm~100mm,特别优选4mm~50mm,最优选5mm~30mm。当第一多孔层的厚度落在上述范围内时,可以提供为更薄型更轻量的且低频率吸音性优异的吸音材料。
第一多孔层的密度优选为300kg/m3以下,更优选1kg/m3~300kg/m3,还更优选1kg/m3~200kg/m3,还更优选1kg/m3~100kg/m3,还更优选5kg/m3~70kg/m3,特别优选5kg/m3~50kg/m3,最优选10kg/m3~30kg/m3。当第一多孔层的密度落在上述范围内时,可以提供为更轻量的且低频率吸音性优异的吸音材料。
第一多孔层可具有各自从第一多孔层的至少一个表面起在其厚度方向上以D1以下的长度形成的多个孔部,D1表示第一多孔层的厚度。此类孔部的实例包括:如图5(a)的示意性截面图中所示的,从第一多孔层10B的一个表面起到厚度方向的中途形成的多个孔部1b;和如图5(b)的示意性截面图中所示的,从第一多孔层10B的一个表面起到厚度方向的最后(另一表面)形成的多个孔部1b。
从使本发明的效果进一步表现出的观点出发,由第一多孔层可具有的多个孔部形成的第一多孔层的多个表面开口部各自的圆当量孔径优选为1mm以上,更优选1mm~100mm,还更优选2mm~50mm,还更优选3mm~30mm,还更优选4mm~20mm,特别优选5mm~10mm。各表面开口部的圆当量孔径为具有与表面开口部相同的面积的圆的直径。
从使本发明的效果进一步表现出的观点出发,作为第一多孔层的整个表面中由第一多孔层可具有的多个孔部形成的第一多孔层的多个表面开口部的比率的第一多孔层的表面开口率优选为20%以下,更优选0.001%~20%,还更优选0.01%~10%,还更优选0.1%~5%,还更优选0.2%~4%,特别优选0.3%~3%,最优选0.4%~2%。表面开口率由(Sopen/Stotal)×100(%)表示,其中Stotal(mm2)表示整个表面(包括表面开口部)的面积,Sopen(mm2)表示该表面中的多个表面开口部的总面积。
当第一多孔层具有多个孔部时,在平面图中,由该孔部形成的第一多孔层的多个表面开口部可配置在与第一穿孔层的多个表面开口部重叠的位置处。在此类实施方案中,优选的是,第一多孔层的多个孔部的任意一个沿从第一穿孔层的多个通孔各自的第一多孔层侧延长的方向配置。此类实施方案的实例为其中本发明的吸音材料具有从第一穿孔层的与第一多孔层相反的表面延伸至第一多孔层的与第一穿孔层相反的表面的多个通孔的实施方案。
在不削弱本发明的效果的程度上,任意适当的材料可以用作形成第一多孔层的材料。从使本发明的效果进一步表现出的观点出发,此类材料优选为选自高分子多孔材料、金属多孔材料、无机多孔材料、多孔织物、多孔无纺布、纤维状材料、和高分子整体材料中的至少一种。可以作为形成第一多孔层的材料的高分子多孔材料的具体实例包括聚氨酯泡沫、聚苯乙烯泡沫、聚烯烃(例如,聚乙烯或聚丙烯)泡沫和乙烯-丙烯-二烯橡胶(EPDM)泡沫。根据目的,任意适当的结构可以用作高分子多孔材料的多孔结构。此类结构可以为例如其中通过发泡形成的各泡孔是封闭的封闭泡孔结构或者其中各泡孔的至少一部分是开放的开放泡孔结构。可以作为形成第一多孔层的材料的纤维状材料的具体实例包括玻璃棉、岩棉、和毡材料。可以作为形成第一多孔层的材料的高分子整体材料的具体实例为如JP 2014-61457 A中记载的由有机硅制成的此类整体材料。
<第二多孔层>
第二多孔层具有多个空隙(多孔)。第二多孔层的多孔在结构上不特别限定,并且可以具有其中各空隙的至少一部分为三维开发的结构(例如,开放泡孔结构)。
由第二多孔层的多孔形成的第二多孔层的多个表面开口部的平均圆当量孔径优选小于由第二穿孔层的多个通孔形成的第二穿孔层的多个表面开口部各自的圆当量孔径。
从使本发明的效果进一步表现出的观点出发,由第二多孔层的多孔形成的第二多孔层的多个表面开口部的平均圆当量孔径优选为小于5,000μm,更优选1μm~5,000μm,还更优选10μm~4,000μm,还更优选20μm~3,000μm,还更优选50μm~2,000μm,特别优选100μm~1,000μm。表面开口部的平均圆当量孔径为具有与表面开口部相同的面积的圆的平均直径。
第二多孔层的厚度优选为1mm以上,更优选2mm~200mm,还更优选3mm~100mm,特别优选4mm~50mm,最优选5mm~30mm。当第二多孔层的厚度落在上述范围内时,可以提供为更薄型更轻量的且低频率吸音性优异的吸音材料。
第二多孔层的密度优选为300kg/m3以下,更优选1kg/m3~300kg/m3,还更优选1kg/m3~200kg/m3,还更优选1kg/m3~100kg/m3,还更优选5kg/m3~70kg/m3,特别优选5kg/m3~50kg/m3,最优选10kg/m3~30kg/m3。当第二多孔层的密度落在上述范围内时,可以提供为更轻量的且低频率吸音性优异的吸音材料。
第二多孔层可具有各自从第二多孔层的至少一个表面起在其厚度方向上以D2以下的长度形成的多个孔部,D2表示第二多孔层的厚度。此类孔部的实例包括:如图6(a)的示意性截面图中所示的,从第二多孔层20B的一个表面起到厚度方向的中途形成的多个孔部2b;和如图6(b)的示意性截面图中所示的,从第二多孔层20B的一个表面起到厚度方向的最后(另一表面)形成的多个孔部2b。
从使本发明的效果进一步表现出的观点出发,由第二多孔层可具有的多个孔部形成的第二多孔层的多个表面开口部各自的圆当量孔径优选为1mm以上,更优选1mm~100mm,还更优选2mm~50mm,还更优选3mm~30mm,还更优选4mm~20mm,特别优选5mm~10mm。各表面开口部的圆当量孔径为具有与表面开口部相同的面积的圆的直径。
从使本发明的效果进一步表现出的观点出发,作为第二多孔层的整个表面中由第二多孔层可具有的多个孔部形成的第二多孔层的多个表面开口部的比率的第二多孔层的表面开口率优选为20%以下,更优选0.001%~20%,还更优选0.01%~10%,还更优选0.1%~5%,还更优选0.2%~4%,特别优选0.3%~3%,最优选0.4%~2%。表面开口率由(Sopen/Stotal)×100(%)表示,其中Stotal(mm2)表示整个表面(包括表面开口部)的面积,Sopen(mm2)表示该表面中的多个表面开口部的总面积。
当第二多孔层具有多个孔部时,在平面图中,由该孔部形成的第二多孔层的多个表面开口部可配置在与第二穿孔层的多个表面开口部重叠的位置处。在此类实施方案中,优选的是,第二多孔层的多个孔部的任意一个沿从第二穿孔层的多个通孔各自的第二多孔层侧延长的方向配置。此类实施方案的实例为其中本发明的吸音材料具有从第二穿孔层的与第二多孔层相反的表面延伸至第二多孔层的与第二穿孔层相反的表面的多个通孔的实施方案。
在不削弱本发明的效果的程度上,任意适当的材料可以用作形成第二多孔层的材料。从使本发明的效果进一步表现出的观点出发,此类材料优选为选自高分子多孔材料、金属多孔材料、无机多孔材料、多孔织物、多孔无纺布、纤维状材料、和高分子整体材料中的至少一种。可以作为形成第二多孔层的材料的高分子多孔材料的具体实例包括聚氨酯泡沫、聚苯乙烯泡沫、聚烯烃(例如,聚乙烯或聚丙烯)泡沫和乙烯-丙烯-二烯橡胶(EPDM)泡沫。根据目的,任意适当的结构可以用作高分子多孔材料的多孔结构。此类结构可以为例如其中通过发泡形成的各泡孔是封闭的封闭泡孔结构或者其中各泡孔的至少一部分是开放的开放泡孔结构。可以作为形成第二多孔层的材料的纤维状材料的具体实例包括玻璃棉、岩棉、和毡材料。可以作为形成第二多孔层的材料的高分子整体材料的具体实例为如JP 2014-61457A中记载的由有机硅制成的此类整体材料。
实施例
现在,通过实施例具体地描述本发明。然而,本发明绝不限于这些实施例。实施例中的术语"份"和"%"为以质量计,除非另有说明。
<吸音率的测量>
吸音率使用声管作为法向入射吸音率测量。
具体地,使用由Bruel&Kjaer制造的4206大管,并且生产Φ100mm样品,且依照JISA1405-2来进行测量。在其中将样品的整个背面用丙烯酸系双面粘接带(厚度=150μm,由Nitto Denko Corporation制造,产品名:No.512)贴附至声管的壁面以防止弯曲振动的影响的状态下进行测量。
另外,在其中将间隙用硅脂(G501,来自Shin-Etsu Chemical Co.,Ltd.)填充以防止截面的影响的状态下进行测量。
[实施例1]
在聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯膜(厚度=4.8μm,由Toray Industries,Inc.制造,产品名:Lumirror)中以0.25%的表面开口率形成Φ5mm通孔,并且所得物用作第一穿孔层。
向该第一穿孔层贴合聚氨酯泡沫(厚度=10mm,由Inoac Corporation制造,产品名:CALMFLEX F2)。对于该贴合,使用丙烯酸系双面粘接带(厚度=50μm,由Nitto DenkoCorporation制造,产品名:GA5905)。
此外,向所得层叠体的聚氨酯泡沫侧进一步贴合聚氨酯泡沫(厚度=10mm,由Inoac Corporation制造,产品名:CALMFLEX F2)。对于该贴合,使用其中已经以0.25%的表面开口率形成Φ5mm通孔的丙烯酸系双面粘接带(厚度=150μm,由Nitto DenkoCorporation制造,产品名:No.512)(第二穿孔层)。
因而,得到了具有构成"[第一穿孔层]/[丙烯酸系双面粘接带]/[聚氨酯泡沫(第一多孔层)]/[第二穿孔层]/[聚氨酯泡沫(第二多孔层)]"的吸音材料(1)。
结果示于图7中。
[实施例2]
除了在第一穿孔层和第二穿孔层各自中形成通孔的表面开口率改变为0.5%以外,以与实施例1中相同的方式得到具有构成"[第一穿孔层]/[丙烯酸系双面粘接带]/[聚氨酯泡沫(第一多孔层)]/[第二穿孔层]/[聚氨酯泡沫(第二多孔层)]"的吸音材料(2)。
结果示于图7中。
[实施例3]
除了在第一穿孔层和第二穿孔层各自中形成通孔的表面开口率改变为0.75%以外,以与实施例1中相同的方式得到具有构成"[第一穿孔层]/[丙烯酸系双面粘接带]/[聚氨酯泡沫(第一多孔层)]/[第二穿孔层]/[聚氨酯泡沫(第二多孔层)]"的吸音材料(3)。
结果示于图7中。
[实施例4]
除了在第一穿孔层和第二穿孔层各自中形成通孔的表面开口率改变为1.0%以外,以与实施例1中相同的方式得到具有构成"[第一穿孔层]/[丙烯酸系双面粘接带]/[聚氨酯泡沫(第一多孔层)]/[第二穿孔层]/[聚氨酯泡沫(第二多孔层)]"的吸音材料(4)。
结果示于图7中。
[实施例5]
向聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯膜(厚度=4.8μm,由Toray Industries,Inc.制造,产品名:Lumirror)贴合聚氨酯泡沫(厚度=10mm,由Inoac Corporation制造,产品名:CALMFLEXF2)。对于该贴合,使用丙烯酸系双面粘接带(厚度=50μm,由Nitto Denko Corporation制造,产品名:GA5905)。
进一步,向所得层叠体的聚氨酯泡沫侧进一步贴合聚氨酯泡沫(厚度=10mm,由Inoac Corporation制造,产品名:CALMFLEX F2)。对于该贴合,使用丙烯酸系双面粘接带(厚度=150μm,由Nitto Denko Corporation制造,产品名:No.512)。
在所得层叠体中以0.25%的表面开口率形成Φ5mm通孔。
因而,得到了具有构成"[第一穿孔层]/[丙烯酸系双面粘接带]/[聚氨酯泡沫(第一多孔层)]/[第二穿孔层]/[聚氨酯泡沫(第二多孔层)]"的吸音材料(5),该吸音材料(5)具有从第一穿孔层的与第一多孔层相反的表面延伸至第二多孔层的与第二穿孔层相反的表面的多个通孔。
结果示于图8中。
[实施例6]
除了形成通孔的表面开口率改变为0.5%以外,以与实施例5中相同的方式得到具有构成"[第一穿孔层]/[丙烯酸系双面粘接带]/[聚氨酯泡沫(第一多孔层)]/[第二穿孔层]/[聚氨酯泡沫(第二多孔层)]"的吸音材料(6),该吸音材料(6)具有从第一穿孔层的与第一多孔层相反的表面延伸至第二多孔层的与第二穿孔层相反的表面的多个通孔。
结果示于图8中。
[实施例7]
除了形成通孔的表面开口率改变为0.75%以外,以与实施例5中相同的方式得到具有构成"[第一穿孔层]/[丙烯酸系双面粘接带]/[聚氨酯泡沫(第一多孔层)]/[第二穿孔层]/[聚氨酯泡沫(第二多孔层)]"的吸音材料(7),该吸音材料(7)具有从第一穿孔层的与第一多孔层相反的表面延伸至第二多孔层的与第二穿孔层相反的表面的多个通孔。
结果示于图8中。
[实施例8]
除了形成通孔的表面开口率改变为1.0%以外,以与实施例5中相同的方式得到具有构成"[第一穿孔层]/[丙烯酸系双面粘接带]/[聚氨酯泡沫(第一多孔层)]/[第二穿孔层]/[聚氨酯泡沫(第二多孔层)]"的吸音材料(8),该吸音材料(8)具有从第一穿孔层的与第一多孔层相反的表面延伸至第二多孔层的与第二穿孔层相反的表面的多个通孔。
结果示于图8中。
[比较例1]
聚氨酯泡沫(厚度=20mm,由Inoac Corporation制造,产品名:CALMFLEX F2)用作吸音材料(C1)。
结果示于图9中。
[比较例2]
在聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯膜(厚度=4.8μm,由Toray Industries,Inc.制造,产品名:Lumirror)中以0.25%的表面开口率形成Φ5mm通孔,并且所得物用作穿孔层。
向该穿孔层贴合聚氨酯泡沫(厚度=20mm,由Inoac Corporation制造,产品名:CALMFLEX F2)。对于该贴合,使用丙烯酸系双面粘接带(厚度=50μm,由Nitto DenkoCorporation制造,产品名:GA5905)。
因而,得到了具有构成"[穿孔层]/[丙烯酸系双面粘接带]/[聚氨酯泡沫]"的吸音材料(C2)。
结果示于图10中。
[比较例3]
除了形成通孔的表面开口率改变为0.5%以外,以与比较例2中相同的方式得到具有构成"[穿孔层]/[丙烯酸系双面粘接带]/[聚氨酯泡沫]"的吸音材料(C3)。
结果示于图10中。
[比较例4]
除了形成通孔的表面开口率改变为0.75%以外,以与比较例2中相同的方式得到具有构成"[穿孔层]/[丙烯酸系双面粘接带]/[聚氨酯泡沫]"的吸音材料(C4)。
结果示于图10中。
[比较例5]
除了形成通孔的表面开口率改变为1.0%以外,以与比较例2中相同的方式得到具有构成"[穿孔层]/[丙烯酸系双面粘接带]/[聚氨酯泡沫]"的吸音材料(C5)。
结果示于图10中。
产业上的可利用性
本发明的吸音材料可应用为例如轮胎用吸音材料。
附图标记说明
100 吸音材料
10A 第一穿孔层
10B 第一多孔层
20A 第二穿孔层
20B 第二多孔层
1a 通孔
2a 通孔
3 通孔
1b 孔部
2b 孔部
Claims (18)
1.一种吸音材料,其包括层叠结构,所述层叠结构依序包含:
第一穿孔层;
第一多孔层;
第二穿孔层;和
第二多孔层;
其中所述第一穿孔层在其厚度方向上具有多个通孔,
其中所述第二穿孔层在其厚度方向上具有多个通孔,并且
其中所述第一穿孔层的厚度为小于1mm。
2.根据权利要求1所述的吸音材料,其中由所述第一穿孔层的多个通孔形成的所述第一穿孔层的多个表面开口部的最大孔径为1mm以上。
3.根据权利要求2所述的吸音材料,其中作为所述第一穿孔层的整个表面中所述多个表面开口部的比率的所述第一穿孔层的表面开口率为20%以下。
4.根据权利要求1~3任一项所述的吸音材料,其中由所述第二穿孔层的多个通孔形成的所述第二穿孔层的多个表面开口部的最大孔径为1mm以上。
5.根据权利要求4所述的吸音材料,其中作为所述第二穿孔层的整个表面中所述多个表面开口部的比率的所述第二穿孔层的表面开口率为20%以下。
6.根据权利要求1~5任一项所述的吸音材料,其中所述第二穿孔层的厚度为小于1mm。
7.根据权利要求1~6任一项所述的吸音材料,其中所述第一多孔层的厚度为1mm以上。
8.根据权利要求1~7任一项所述的吸音材料,其中所述第二多孔层的厚度为1mm以上。
9.根据权利要求1~8任一项所述的吸音材料,其中所述吸音材料的总厚度为小于300mm。
10.根据权利要求1~9任一项所述的吸音材料,
其中所述第一多孔层具有各自从所述第一多孔层的至少一个表面起在其厚度方向上以D1以下的长度形成的多个孔部,D1表示所述第一多孔层的厚度,并且
其中由所述多个孔部形成的所述第一多孔层的多个表面开口部的最大孔径为1mm以上。
11.根据权利要求10所述的吸音材料,其中在平面图中,所述第一多孔层的多个表面开口部和所述第一穿孔层的多个表面开口部配置在重叠的位置处。
12.根据权利要求1~11任一项所述的吸音材料,
其中所述第二多孔层具有各自从所述第二多孔层的至少一个表面起在其厚度方向上以D2以下的长度形成的多个孔部,D2表示所述第二多孔层的厚度,并且
其中由所述多个孔部形成的所述第二多孔层的多个表面开口部的最大孔径为1mm以上。
13.根据权利要求12所述的吸音材料,其中在平面图中,所述第二多孔层的多个表面开口部和所述第二穿孔层的多个表面开口部配置在重叠的位置处。
14.根据权利要求1~13任一项所述的吸音材料,其中所述吸音材料具有从所述第一穿孔层的与所述第一多孔层相反的表面延伸至所述第二多孔层的与所述第二穿孔层相反的表面的多个通孔。
15.根据权利要求1~14任一项所述的吸音材料,其中形成所述第一穿孔层的材料包括选自树脂、金属、橡胶、无机材料、织物和无纺布中的至少一种。
16.根据权利要求1~15任一项所述的吸音材料,其中形成所述第二穿孔层的材料包括选自树脂、金属、橡胶、无机材料、织物和无纺布中的至少一种。
17.根据权利要求1~16任一项所述的吸音材料,其中形成所述第一多孔层的材料包括选自高分子多孔材料、金属多孔材料、无机多孔材料、多孔织物、多孔无纺布、纤维状材料、和高分子整体材料中的至少一种。
18.根据权利要求1~17任一项所述的吸音材料,其中形成所述第二多孔层的材料包括选自高分子多孔材料、金属多孔材料、无机多孔材料、多孔织物、多孔无纺布、纤维状材料、和高分子整体材料中的至少一种。
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JP2017-034962 | 2017-02-27 | ||
JP2017034962A JP2018141838A (ja) | 2017-02-27 | 2017-02-27 | 吸音材 |
PCT/JP2017/040232 WO2018154864A1 (ja) | 2017-02-27 | 2017-11-08 | 吸音材 |
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EP (1) | EP3588487A4 (zh) |
JP (1) | JP2018141838A (zh) |
KR (1) | KR20190125976A (zh) |
CN (1) | CN110337689A (zh) |
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CN111532003A (zh) * | 2020-05-28 | 2020-08-14 | 安徽慕曼德家具有限公司 | 一种环保隔音的家具复合板及其生产方法 |
CN114013115A (zh) * | 2021-11-30 | 2022-02-08 | 大冢材料科技(上海)有限公司 | 噪音吸收体及包含其的充气轮胎 |
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WO2020213139A1 (ja) * | 2019-04-18 | 2020-10-22 | 日立化成株式会社 | 吸音材 |
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WO2022219807A1 (ja) * | 2021-04-16 | 2022-10-20 | 昭和電工マテリアルズ株式会社 | 吸音材及び車両部材 |
EP4117302A1 (en) * | 2021-07-09 | 2023-01-11 | Rohde & Schwarz GmbH & Co. KG | Microphone arrangement for a radio device |
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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WO2018154864A1 (ja) | 2018-08-30 |
KR20190125976A (ko) | 2019-11-07 |
EP3588487A4 (en) | 2020-12-23 |
US20200234686A1 (en) | 2020-07-23 |
EP3588487A1 (en) | 2020-01-01 |
JP2018141838A (ja) | 2018-09-13 |
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