CN110334829A - A kind of all kinds of project organization ways to draw up the plan of critical path method forms mode - Google Patents

A kind of all kinds of project organization ways to draw up the plan of critical path method forms mode Download PDF

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CN110334829A
CN110334829A CN201910231505.1A CN201910231505A CN110334829A CN 110334829 A CN110334829 A CN 110334829A CN 201910231505 A CN201910231505 A CN 201910231505A CN 110334829 A CN110334829 A CN 110334829A
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吴茜龄
吴开平
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Jinan Senkun Enterprise Management Consulting Co Ltd
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    • G06Q—INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY [ICT] SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES; SYSTEMS OR METHODS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
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    • G06Q10/109—Time management, e.g. calendars, reminders, meetings or time accounting

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Abstract

A kind of all kinds of project organization ways to draw up the plan of critical path method forms mode, the present invention provide it is a kind of can sufficiently Applied Computer Techniques, the method for formulating all kinds of project organic managements Yu target control plan in tabular form, belong to critical path method technical field；The step of this method: (1) decomposition of project is carried out with random order and work list is established with random order；(2) major parameter of work in every is determined with random order；(3) membership credentials of workplace are determined with random order and determines the organizational form and method of workplace with random order；(4) conversion of the job engineering logic of relations is carried out；(5) job engineering sequence is carried out to sort；(6) it carries out project organic management and target control planned time parameter calculates；Complete the formulation of project organic management and target control plan in implementation procedure.

Description

A kind of all kinds of project organization ways to draw up the plan of critical path method forms mode
Technical field
The invention belongs to critical path method technical fields, are the masters of critical path method project or taskings management and target control technology One of component part is wanted, specifically a kind of substitution formulates project or taskings' management and target using network model is established Control plan, formulate each intermediate item in tabular form or taskings' management and the method for target control plan.
Background technique
Eighties of last century early fifties, in order to be applicable in the development of production and the scientific research and technological development of relationship complexity The managerial needs of job engineering, each advanced industrial country has all successively carried out the research of planning management new technology in the world, wherein Successfully CPM (critical path method) and PERT (programme evaluation and review technique) is studied in the U.S. first, is established due to such methods and is closed in work It is the formulation of plan, coordination, optimization and control organically to be combined, on the basis of network model so being referred to as in foreign countries For network planning technique.
The U.S. is applied to the development of establishment Polaris missile in the PERT (programme evaluation and review technique) of invention in 1956 at that time Plan, has coordinated 3,000 many enterprises, and making plan, two years ahead completes on schedule；It is applied to cost more than 400 again later Hundred million dollars, mobilize manpower more than 40 ten thousand Apollo space program management and control, obtain good result.
It is counted according to kremlin, the construction and erection enterprises of application network planning technique, the duration can shorten 20%, engineering Cost can reduce by 10% or so.
In March, 1978, civil engineering association, U.S. proceedings comment on that this method is current only planning management newly side Method, and in foreseeable future, it is not in the new method of one kind to substitute it, therefore, we should enjoy it, use It, improve it.
Currently, each advanced industrial country, such as the United States, Russia, English, day, method, moral in the world, is all promoting and applying network planning skill Art.
The famous mathematician Hua Luogeng professor in China, from the national conditions in China, absorbing, external network planning technique is theoretical On the basis of, " critical path method " scientific system is established, and since eighties of last century early sixties, promotes answer in production practice With achieving huge economic benefit.
Since network planning technique is there are following many defects and deficiency, influences and restrict pushing away for network planning technique Row is promoted, popularization and application.
(1) restriction and planar network of project or taskings management and target control plannet model rule are established The restriction of model tormulation mode manages most projects or taskings and is unable to complete with target control person, especially compared with Big or more complex project；
(2) it is unfavorable for the restriction of computer technology application, the application of such technology depends on the support of computer technology, net Foundation, modification, the calculating of time parameter, the optimal control of constructing aims and optimal control of resource object of network model etc., only It is difficult to complete by manpower；
(3) restriction of application range, CPM are only applicable to type project or task certainly and are directly decomposed into a series of specific works Organization and administration and target control；PERT is only applicable to the evaluation of non-type project or task milestone target certainly；And with section Technology it is comprehensive, fast-developing, not only most projects or task have the feature of mixed type, and method for organizing also has There is the feature of mixed type；
(4) lack necessary function technology, major function technology only has: time-cost trade-off technology；Duration is constant, money Source demand balance optimizing technology；Resource is limited, duration most short optimisation technique；It is commented with non-type project or task milestone target certainly The technology of examining；
(5) all there is apparent defect and deficiency in major function technology, such as:
1) it time-cost trade-off technology: needs to carry out time parameter meter by the route that key job forms to each respectively After calculation, critical circuits can be just judged；The rate of each single item key job need to be calculated, just can be carried out the optimization of duration-cost, This be in practical work it is highly difficult, it is even impossible；
2) duration is constant, resources balance optimisation technique: its optimization method does not consider non-key work in part (or motor-driven) Resource requirement current intelligence in time difference range, hence it is evident that unreasonable；
3) resource is limited, duration shortest optimisation technique: the work started before the period will be optimized and come most important first place, Do not consider influence size of the optimization of the non-key work started before the optimization period to the duration；
4) Evaluation technology of non-type project or task milestone target certainly, when not considering non-key milestone target interval Between Lagi-jInfluence etc. to estimate variance.
Network planning technique belongs to critical path method, is one of application technology of critical path method；It may be said that network planning technique is system Method is raised, not vice versa.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is one different from the important component of the another application technology of network planning technique, critical path method Kind formulates each intermediate item or taskings' management and target control meter using the forms mode for being conducive to computer technology application It draws, the method that the formulation of plan, coordination, optimization and control are organically combined.
By project by organization and administration and target control requirement, the work decomposed is divided into type work certainly and agrees with non-the present invention Sizing work two types:
(1) type work certainly: time t required for work is completediIt is affirmative；
(2) non-type work certainly: the time needed for completing work is non-affirmative, need to be completed using three point estimations The estimation of working time: at、mt、bt, Dt=(at+4mt+bt) ÷ 6, σt 2=[(bt-at)÷6]2
atThe optimistic completion working time；
mtThe possible completion working time；
btThe pessimistic completion working time；
DtThe weighted average of working time is completed in estimation；
σt 2Complete the estimated bias of working time.
The present invention presses the type of project institute disintegration, and project is divided into type, non-type and three type of mixed type certainly certainly Type:
(1) affirmative type project: by organization and administration and target control requirement, the work decomposed all is the work of type certainly；
(2) non-type project certainly: by organization and administration and target control requirement, the work decomposed all is the work of non-type certainly Make；
(3) mixed type project: by organization and administration and target control requirement, the work of the existing type certainly of the work decomposed, There is the work of non-type certainly again.
Organizational form and organizer of the project of the present invention by organization and administration and target control requirement, between institute's disintegration Method has following seven kinds:
Project is by organization and administration and target control requirement, the organizational form and method for organizing between work decomposed: with i Work is with for j work, and i work is the preceding activity that j works or j work is next work of i work；I work works with j Between organizational form and method for organizing:
(1) FYS (LT): i work terminates LT days, and j work starts；
(2)STS(LTi): i work starts LTiIt, j work starts；
(3)FTF(LTj): i work terminates LTjIt, j work terminates；
(4)STF(LTi, LTj): i work starts LTiIt, use LT againjIt, j work terminates, i.e. j work will work in i and open Beginning LTiAfter it, LT is usedjIt terminates；
(5) STS and FTF (LTi, LTj): i work starts LTiIt, j work start, i work terminate LTjIt, j work knot Beam；
(6) STS and STF (LTI,LTi’, LTj): i work starts LTiIt, j work start, i work start LTI 'It, use again LTjIt, j work terminates, i.e. j work will work in i starts LTi’After it, LT is usedjIt terminates；
(7) FTS and STF (LT, LTi, LTj): i work terminate LT days, j work start, i work beginning LTiIt, use LT againj It, j work terminates, i.e. j work will work in i starts LTiAfter it, LT is usedjIt terminates.
Organization and administration between work are divided into type certainly and non-type two types certainly with target control mode by the present invention:
(1) type organizes and target control mode certainly: away from the organization and administration for being all affirmative when bonding relation and overlap joint With target control mode；
(2) the non-organization and administration of type certainly are with target control mode: bonding relation is affirmative；But away from being non-affirmative when overlapping , need to using three point estimations be overlapped when away from estimation:
1)LTa、LTm、LTb, DLT=(LTa+4LTm+LTb) ÷ 6, σLT 2=[(LTb-LTa)÷6]2
2)LTia、LTim、LTib, DiLT=(LTia+4LTim+LTib) ÷ 6, σiLT 2=[(LTib-LTia)÷6]2
3)LTja、LTjm、LTjb, DjLT=(LTja+4LTjm+LTjb) ÷ 6, σjLT 2=[(LTjb-LTja)÷6]2
4)LTI ' a、LTI ' m、LTI ' b, DI ' LT=(LTI ' a+4LTI ' m+LTI ' b) ÷ 6, σI ' LT 2=[(LTI ' b-LTI ' a)÷6]2
The present invention presses the difference of project organic management and target control mode and method, by project organic management and target control Mode processed and method are divided into type, non-type and mixed type three types certainly certainly:
(1) type project organic management and target control mode certainly: project decompose organization and administration between " work " and Target control mode is all the organization and administration and target control mode of type certainly；
(2) non-type project organic management and target control mode certainly: project decomposes the organization and administration between " work " It is all the organization and administration and target control mode of non-type certainly with target control mode；
(3) mixed type project organic management and target control mode: project decompose organization and administration between " work " with Target control mode, existing type certainly, also there are the organization and administration and target control mode of non-type certainly.
Project organic management of the present invention is divided into three classes with target control plan:
(1) type project organic management and target control plan certainly: type project certainly, using type organization and administration and mesh certainly Mark project organic management and the target control plan of control mode；
(2) non-type project organic management and target control plan certainly, include the following three types:
1) affirmative type project, using the project organic management and target control meter of the non-organization and administration of type certainly and target control mode It draws；
2) non-type project certainly, using the project organic management and target control meter of type organization and administration and target control mode certainly It draws；
3) non-type project certainly, project organic management and target control using the non-organization and administration of type certainly with target control mode Plan；
(3) mix mode project organic management and target control plan, including following five kinds:
1) mix mode project, using the project organic management and target control meter of type organization and administration and target control mode certainly It draws；
2) mixed type project, using the project organic management and target control meter of the non-organization and administration of type certainly and target control mode It draws；
3) mixed type project, using the project organic management and target control meter of mixed type organization and administration and target control mode It draws；
4) non-type project certainly, using the project organic management and target control meter of mixed type organization and administration and target control mode It draws；
5) affirmative type project, using the project organic management and target control meter of mixed type organization and administration and target control mode It draws.
The formulating method of project organic management of the present invention and target control plan is divided into three kinds:
Critical path method JQ project organic management and target control ways to draw up the plan:
(1) by organization and administration and target control requirement, the decomposition of project is carried out with random order, is a system by Project decomposition The work of column；And groundwork list is established in any order；
(2) major parameter of every groundwork is calculated or determined or estimated in any order；
(3) it determines in groundwork list in any order, the preceding activity of work in every；
(4) organizational form (bonding relation) between work in every and preceding activity is determined in any order；
(5) method for organizing (when overlap joint away from) of determined organizational form (bonding relation) is determined or estimated in any order；
(6) conversion of organizational logical relationship between being worked, such as by project organic management and target control plan What person determined: the preceding activity of B work is A work, is converted into next work of A work as B work；
(7) arrangement of organizational logical relationship is carried out
(8) inspection and supplement of job engineering logical relation defect: work in every in groundwork list, in addition to ST, Preceding activity, including FIN are must determine；In addition to FIN, it must be determined that have next work, including ST；
There is no the work of preceding activity, preceding activity ST；It is not the preceding activity of any work, is the preceding activity of ST； , as there is the work of tissue defects in the work for determining preceding activity, should supplement its tight preceding work by organizational logical relationship Make；
(9) in groundwork list job engineering sequence sequence: by ST successively are as follows: using ST as preceding activity Work；Using ordering work as the work of preceding activity；……；Until FIN；By FIN successively are as follows: with FIN be it is next The work of work；It take ordering work as the work of next work；……；Until ST；
(10) inspection and modification of job engineering logical relation defect and mistake: suitable by tight preceding tissue sequence and next tissue In sequence sequencer procedure, fails the work for completing sequence, as there is the work of organizational logical relationship defect or mistake, it should be by tissue Logical relation is supplemented or is modified.
Note: the decomposition of project and the foundation of groundwork list；Work in every major parameter is calculated or determined or estimates Meter；Determine the preceding activity of work in every；Determine the organizational form between work in every and preceding activity；It determines or estimation is every Method for organizing etc. between work and preceding activity, can intersect progress.
This is arrived, project organic management and target control plan are formulated and completed.It is as shown in the table:
1) affirmative type project, the organization and administration and target control formulated using affirmative type organization and administration with target control mode Plan is as shown in the table:
2) affirmative type project, the organization and administration formulated using non-type certainly or mixed type organization and administration with target control mode It is as shown in the table with target control plan:
Wherein: certainly type overlap joint when away from:
a.LTa=LTm=LTb=DLT=LT, σLT 2=0；
b.LTia=LTim=LTib=DiLT=LTi, σiLT 2=0；
c.LTja=LTjm=LTjb=DjLT=LTj, σjLT 2=0；
d.LTI ' a=LTI ' m=LTI ' b=DI ' LT=LTI ', σI ' LT 2=0.
3) non-to affirm type or mixed type project, using the organization and administration that type organization and administration are formulated with target control mode certainly It is as shown in the table with target control plan:
Wherein: work a certainlyt=mt=bt=Dt=t；σt 2=0；
4) non-to affirm type or mixed type project, formulated using non-type certainly or mixed type organization and administration with target control mode Organization and administration and target control plan it is as shown in the table:
Wherein:
A. type work is affirmed:
at=mt=bt=Dt=t；σt 2=0；
B. affirm type overlap joint when away from:
a.LTa=LTm=LTb=DLT=LT, σLT 2=0；
b.LTia=LTim=LTib=DiLT=LTi, σiLT 2=0；
c.LTja=LTjm=LTjb=DjLT=LTj, σjLT 2=0；
d.LTI ' a=LTI ' m=LTI ' b=DI ' LT=LTI ', σI ' LT 2=0.
Critical path method JH project organic management and target control ways to draw up the plan
(1) by organization and administration and target control requirement, the decomposition of project is carried out with random order, is a system by Project decomposition The work of column；And groundwork list is established in any order；
(2) major parameter of every groundwork is calculated or determined or estimated in any order；
(3) it determines in groundwork list in any order, next work of work in every；
(4) organizational form (bonding relation) between work in every and next work is determined in any order；
(5) method for organizing (when overlap joint away from) of determined organizational form (bonding relation) is determined or estimated in any order；
(6) conversion of organizational logical relationship between being worked, such as by project organic management and target control plan What person determined: next work of A work is B work, is converted into the preceding activity of B work as A work；
(7) arrangement of organizational logical relationship is carried out
(8) in groundwork list job engineering sequence sequence: by ST successively are as follows: with ST be it is tight before " work " Work；Using ordering work as the work of preceding activity；……；Until FIN；By FIN successively are as follows: with FIN be tight The work " to work " afterwards；It take ordering work as the work of next work；……；Until ST；
Note: the decomposition of project and the foundation of groundwork list；Work in every major parameter is calculated or determined or estimates Meter；Determine next work of work in every；Determine the organizational form between work in every and next work；It determines or estimation is every Method for organizing etc. between work and next work, can intersect progress.
This is arrived, project organic management and target control plan are formulated and completed.It is as shown in the table:
1) affirmative type project, the organization and administration and target control formulated using affirmative type organization and administration with target control mode Plan is as shown in the table:
2) affirmative type project, the organization and administration formulated using non-type certainly or mixed type organization and administration with target control mode It is as shown in the table with target control plan:
Wherein: certainly type overlap joint when away from:
a.LTa=LTm=LTb=DLT=LT, σLT 2=0；
b.LTia=LTim=LTib=DiLT=LTi, σiLT 2=0；
c.LTja=LTjm=LTjb=DjLT=LTj, σjLT 2=0；
d.LTI ' a=LTI ' m=LTI ' b=DI ' LT=LTI ', σI ' LT 2=0.
3) non-to affirm type or mixed type project, using the organization and administration that type organization and administration are formulated with target control mode certainly It is as shown in the table with target control plan:
Wherein: type work a certainlyt=mt=bt=Dt=t；σt 2=0；
4) non-to affirm type or mixed type project, formulated using non-type certainly or mixed type organization and administration with target control mode Organization and administration and target control plan it is as shown in the table:
Wherein:
A. type work is affirmed:
at=mt=bt=Dt=t；σt 2=0；
B. affirm type overlap joint when away from:
a.LTa=LTm=LTb=DLT=LT, σLT 2=0；
b.LTia=LTim=LTib=DiLT=LTi, σiLT 2=0；
c.LTja=LTjm=LTjb=DjLT=LTj, σjLT 2=0；
d.LTI ' a=LTI ' m=LTI ' b=DI ' LT=LTI ', σI ' LT 2=0.
Critical path method (JQ-JH) project organic management and target control ways to draw up the plan:
(1) by organization and administration and target control requirement, the decomposition of project is carried out with random order, is a system by Project decomposition The work of column；And groundwork list is established in any order；
(2) major parameter of every groundwork is calculated or determined or estimated in any order；
(3) determine in groundwork list in any order, work in every it is tight before or (and) next work；
(4) determine in any order work in every and it is tight before or (and) organizational form (overlap joint pass between next work System)；
(5) method for organizing (when overlap joint away from) of determined organizational form (bonding relation) is determined or estimated in any order；
(6) conversion of organizational logical relationship between being worked, such as by project organic management and target control plan What person determined: the preceding activity of B work is A work, is converted into next work of A work as B work；Or (and) A work it is tight After work for B work, be converted into B work preceding activity be A work；
(7) arrangement of organizational logical relationship is carried out
(8) inspection and supplement of job engineering logical relation defect: work in every in groundwork list, in addition to ST, Preceding activity, including FIN are must determine；In addition to FIN, it must be determined that have next work, including ST.There is no the work of preceding activity Make, preceding activity ST；It is not the preceding activity of any work, is the preceding activity of FIN；There is no the work of next work, Its next work is FIN；It is not next work of any work, is next work of ST；Determine preceding activity or (and) It does not determine the work of next work, as there is the work of tissue defects, its preceding activity should be supplemented by organizational logical relationship Or (and) next work；
(9) in groundwork list job engineering sequence sequence: by ST successively are as follows: using ST as preceding activity Work；Using ordering work as the work of preceding activity；……；Until FIN；By FIN successively are as follows: with FIN be it is next The work of work；It take ordering work as the work of next work；……；Until ST；
(10) inspection and modification of job engineering logical relation defect and mistake: suitable by tight preceding tissue sequence and next tissue In sequence sequencer procedure, fails the work for completing sequence, as there is the work of organizational logical relationship defect or mistake, it should be by tissue Logical relation is supplemented or is modified.
Note: the decomposition of project and the foundation of groundwork list；Work in every major parameter is calculated or determined or estimates Meter；Determine work in every it is tight before or (and) next work；Determine work in every and it is tight before or (and) group between next work Knit mode；Determine or estimation work in every and it is tight preceding or (and) method for organizing etc. between next work, progress can be intersected.
This is arrived, project organic management and target control plan are formulated and completed.It is as shown in the table:
1) affirmative type project, the organization and administration and target control formulated using affirmative type organization and administration with target control mode Plan is as shown in the table:
2) affirmative type project, the organization and administration formulated using non-type certainly or mixed type organization and administration with target control mode It is as shown in the table with target control plan:
Wherein: certainly type overlap joint when away from:
a.LTa=LTm=LTb=DLT=LT, σLT 2=0；
b.LTia=LTim=LTib=DiLT=LTi, σiLT 2=0；
c.LTja=LTjm=LTjb=DjLT=LTj, σjLT 2=0；
d.LTI ' a=LTI ' m=LTI ' b=DI ' LT=LTI ', σI ' LT 2=0.
3) non-to affirm type or mixed type project, using the organization and administration that type organization and administration are formulated with target control mode certainly It is as shown in the table with target control plan:
Wherein: type work a certainlyt=mt=bt=Dt=t；σt 2=0；
4) non-to affirm type or mixed type project, formulated using non-type certainly or mixed type organization and administration with target control mode Organization and administration and target control plan it is as shown in the table:
Wherein:
A. type work is affirmed:
at=mt=bt=Dt=t；σt 2=0；
B. affirm type overlap joint when away from:
a.LTa=LTm=LTb=DLT=LT, σLT 2=0；
b.LTia=LTim=LTib=DiLT=LTi, σiLT 2=0；
c.LTja=LTjm=LTjb=DjLT=LTj, σjLT 2=0；
d.LTI ' a=LTI ' m=LTI ' b=DI ' LT=LTI ', σI ' LT 2=0.
Project organic management of the present invention and the time parameter calculation method of target control plan are as follows:
(1) time that work may start earliest
(2) time that work may terminate earliest
(3) interval time between work
(4) motor-driven (part) time difference to work: FFi=min (Lagi-j)；
(5) total time difference to work: TFi=min (TFj+Lagi-j)；
(6) it works the time that must start at the latest: LSi=ESi+TFi；
(7) it works the time that must terminate at the latest: LFi=EFi+TFi。
Project organic management of the present invention and the estimate variance calculation method of target control plan are as follows:
The present invention is complete by every groundwork after the completion of project organic management and target control planned time parameter calculate Influence at time Estimate deviation to next work implementation process carries out deviations2Adjustment after, carry out the meter of its estimate variance It calculates.
For the work (i.e. discontinuous work) of discontinuous completion, the adjustment for completing working time estimated bias is carried out；
The method of adjustment of every groundwork estimation work deadline deviation:
Note:
(1)*σi 2- it is σ adjustedi 2；
(2)σi 2The variance of-estimated time to completion the deviation for being groundwork i: σi 2=[(bit-ait)÷6]2, in which:
1)bitPessimism (longest) value of-estimated time to completion for being groundwork i；
2)aitOptimism (most short) value of-estimated time to completion for being groundwork i；
(3)DitThe weighted average of-the estimated time to completion for being groundwork i: Dit=(ait+4mit+bit) ÷ 6,
Wherein:
1)mitMost probable (time) value of-estimated time to completion for being groundwork i；
(4)DitThe limit value of the estimated time to completion of '-be groundwork i,
By Parameters of Normal DistributionWork as λiWhen >=3.5, P (Dit') ≈ 100%, so
Project organic management and target control in the works, the estimated bias of groundwork deadline, to next work Influence, away from (EF when considering actually to overlapi-ESj) influence, i.e., by influence when practical overlap joint away from adjustment to next work；
Temporal duration estimate variance is actually overlapped between groundwork, to next work influence value υ2 j(LT)Calculation method, under Shown in table:
Work organization and administration with influence of the estimate variance of target control in the works to next work, to consider work it Between interval time (ESj-EFi) influence factor, be as follows:
Every groundwork adds up estimated time to completion deviation variance υ2 j(t)Calculation method:
Note:
(1)EFi'-for groundwork i is because estimation work deadline estimated bias influences, the time that can be completed at the latest, by Parameters of Normal Distribution λiWhen >=3.5, P(iEF’)≈ 100%, so
(2) project organic management and target control in the works, the variance of every groundwork estimated time to completion deviation is by two Part forms: i.e. υ2 j(t)(do not include*σj 2) and*σj 2；υ2 i(t)It also include two parts, i.e. υ2 i(t)With*σi 2For the shadow of j work It rings；υ2 j(t)(do not include*σj 2The estimate variance of)-be j attack time；υ2 i(t)(do not include*σi 2)-be i attack time Estimate variance.
The present invention is by project organic management and target control planning chart, with the project organic management of tight preceding membership credentials expression ES is calculated with target control plan (table one and table two)i、EFi、υi 2；With next membership credentials expression project organic management with Target control plan (table one and table three) calculates Lagi-jAnd determine FFi, then calculate TFi、LSi、LFi。
Example one: the 26 " works decomposed using 26 English alphabets as project by organization and administration with target control requirement Make " title；And using the sequence of 26 English alphabets as the process logic sequence between " work ", project organic management and mesh The formulating method for marking control plan is as follows:

Claims (10)

1. a kind of all kinds of project organization ways to draw up the plan of critical path method forms mode, it is characterised in that: realizing one kind can fill The formulation and project or task groups for dividing Applied Computer Techniques to carry out each intermediate item or taskings' management and target control plan The complete scheme for knitting management and target control, is realized by following steps:
Step { 1 } by organization and administration and target control requirements, by project or task with random order be decomposed into it is a series of specifically Work, and groundwork list is established with random order；
Step (2) is completed according to economic, scientific, reasonable, practicable principle with random order determination or estimation work in every Main resource amount required for required time and unit time；
Step (3) is determined according to the process logic relationship between work by organization and administration and target control requirement with random order Organizational logical relationship between work, and organizational logical transformation between being worked；
Step (4) according between work process logic relationship, by organization and administration requirement and economy, science, reasonable, practical Principle, the bonding relation between work is determined with random order；
Step (5) is by organization and administration requirement and economic, scientific, reasonable, practicable principle, with random order determination or estimation When overlap joint between work away from；
Step (6) carries out job engineering sequence and sorts, and is so far formed with tight preceding organizational logical relationship and next organizational logical relationship And time parameter calculates the project organic management and target control planning chart being integrated；
Step (7) carries out project organic management and target control planned time parameter and estimate variance calculates, i.e., finished item or The formulation of taskings management and target control plan.
2. all kinds of project organization ways to draw up the plan of a kind of critical path method forms mode according to claim 1, which is characterized in that All kinds of project organic managements and target control plan:
(1) it is divided into type, non-type and mixed type three certainly certainly according to project or the type of task institute disintegration, project or task Kind；
(2) according to when being overlapped between project or task institute disintegration away from type, project or taskings' method are divided into affirmative Type, non-type certainly and three kinds of mixed type.
3. all kinds of project organization ways to draw up the plan of a kind of critical path method forms mode according to claim 1, which is characterized in that All kinds of project organization organization and administration and target control plan, comprising:
(1) affirmative type project, using the project organic management and target control plan that type method for organizing is formulated certainly；
(2) affirmative type project, using the project organic management that type method for organizing is formulated non-certainly and target control plan；
(3) affirmative type project, the project organic management formulated using mixing sizing method for organizing and target control plan；
(4) non-type project certainly, using the project organic management and target control plan that type method for organizing is formulated certainly；
(5) non-type project certainly, using the project organic management that type method for organizing is formulated non-certainly and target control plan；
(6) non-type project certainly, the project organic management formulated using mixing sizing method for organizing and target control plan；
(7) mixed type project, using the project organic management and target control plan that type method for organizing is formulated certainly；
(8) mixed type project, using the project organic management that type method for organizing is formulated non-certainly and target control plan；
(9) mixed type project, the project organic management formulated using mixed type method for organizing and target control plan.
4. all kinds of project organization ways to draw up the plan of a kind of critical path method forms mode according to claim 1, which is characterized in that The step (2): for non-type work certainly, time and the unit time required for being completed with the estimation work of three the point estimation methods Required main resource amount, and calculate the estimated bias of time required for work is completed:
at、mt、bt, Dt=(at+4mt+bt) ÷ 6, σt 2=[(bt-at)÷6]2
atThe optimistic completion working time；
mtThe possible completion working time；
btThe pessimistic completion working time；
DtThe weighted average of working time is completed in estimation；
σt 2Complete the estimated bias of working time.
5. all kinds of project organization ways to draw up the plan of a kind of critical path method forms mode according to claim 1, which is characterized in that The step (3): determining before tight between work or next organizational logical relationship, and organizational logical relationship turns between being worked Change, include the following three types method:
(1) the tight preceding organizational logical relationship between work, the next organizational logical relationship being converted between work are determined；
(2) next organizational logical relationship between work is determined, the tight preceding organizational logical relationship being converted between work；
(3) the tight preceding organizational logical relationship between work, the next organizational logical relationship being converted between work are determined；Determine work Next organizational logical relationship between work, the tight preceding organizational logical relationship being converted between work.
6. all kinds of project organization ways to draw up the plan of a kind of critical path method forms mode according to claim 1, which is characterized in that The step (4): determining the bonding relation between work, according between work process logic relationship, by organization and administration requirement With economic, scientific, reasonable, practicable principle, except must be adopted by process logic concerns mandate, the bonding relation between work Outer with one of STS, FTF, STF, STS and FTF, STS and STF, FTS and STF, the bonding relation between other work is all FTS.
7. all kinds of project organization ways to draw up the plan of a kind of critical path method forms mode according to claim 1, which is characterized in that Away from away from three the point estimation methods when for the non-overlap joint of type certainly when the step (5): determining or estimates the overlap joint between work When estimation overlap joint away from, and when calculating overlap joint away from estimated bias:
1) LTa、LTm、LTb, DLT=(LTa+4LTm+LTb) ÷ 6, σLT 2=[(LTb-LTa)÷6]2；
2) LTia、LTim、LTib, DiLT=(LTia+4LTim+LTib) ÷ 6, σiLT 2=[(LTib-LTia)÷6]2；
3) LTja、LTjm、LTjb, DjLT=(LTja+4LTjm+LTjb) ÷ 6, σjLT 2=[(LTjb-LTja)÷6]2；
4) LTI ' a、LTI ' m、LTI ' b, DI ' LT=(LTI ' a+4LTI ' m+LTi ' b) ÷ 6, σI ' LT 2=[(LTI ' b-LTI ' a)÷6]2。
8. a kind of critical path method sheet format JQ and all kinds of project organization ways to draw up the plan of JH according to claim 1, feature Be, the step (6): job engineering sequence sorts, method:
(1) by the sort method of organizational logical relationship before tight between work: 1) with ST be it is tight before " work " work；2) to have arranged Sequence work is the work to work before connecing；﹉；Until FIN；
(2) by the sort method of next organizational logical relationship between work: being 1) work of next " work " with FIN；2) with Sequence work is the work of next work；﹉；Until ST.
9. all kinds of project organization ways to draw up the plan of a kind of critical path method forms mode according to claim 1, which is characterized in that The step (7), time parameter calculate:
(1) with the project organic management of tight preceding organizational logical relationship expression and target control plan, ES is calculatedi、EFiAnd υi 2；
(2) with the project organic management of next organizational logical relationship expression and target control plan, Lag is calculatedi-jAfterwards, FF is determinedi, Then TF is calculatedi、LSiAnd LFi。
10. a kind of all kinds of project organization ways to draw up the plan of critical path method forms mode, feature exist according to claim 1 In the step (7): estimate variance calculates, comprising:
(1) estimated bias of the non-work deadline of type certainly, the non-work deadline estimation of type certainly of discontinuous progress are inclined The adjustment of difference；
(2) it is non-certainly type overlap joint when away from estimated bias；
(3) interval time ESj- between work-EFiFactor etc..
CN201910231505.1A 2019-03-26 2019-03-26 A kind of all kinds of project organization ways to draw up the plan of critical path method forms mode Pending CN110334829A (en)

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CN103295100A (en) * 2013-05-28 2013-09-11 机械工业第六设计研究院有限公司 Project management progress arranging method and project management progress arranging system
CN103761614A (en) * 2014-01-20 2014-04-30 北京仿真中心 Project progress management method based on critical chain

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