CN1103347A - 连续直接覆膜刨花板的方法及制备刨花板表面的装置 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明涉及一种特别用于制备连续制造的刨花
板表面以便直接贴附装饰膜或装饰纸的装置，以及使
用该装置连续整齐地直接覆膜的方法。所述的装置
包括一个薄的支座，该支座其上电镀连结有金刚石颗
粒并由压缩空气抵压在刨花板上，同时，上述支座垂
直于刨花板的进给方向振动，其结果是使材料产生细
微的磨蚀。本发明的方法是将上述装置直接布置在
生产刨花板的双带压机出口的后面，以对还呈热态的
刨花板之表面进行研磨。之后是一个装饰膜或装饰
纸的展开台以及一个挤压刨花板和装饰的双带压
机。
Description
自70年代末开始在双带压机上连续制造刨花板，这在质量和经济性方面均得到了实质性的利益。然而，对进一步的加工迄今还没有取得相应的进展。
例如，仍然使用宽带研磨机对刨花板表面打毛。在非连续工作的分层压机中存在所谓的砂层，该砂层中具有早先固化的树脂，因此砂层可以破碎。在进一步加工刨花板之前必须将砂层去除，以便能够牢固地贴附装饰膜。
双带压机改进的工艺过程防止了上述砂层的存在，代之砂层的是一个所谓的压膜，该压膜是一个几乎只由树脂构成的薄的表面层。这种表面非常光滑，因此是一种不利于贴附或直接涂敷覆膜的茎底。上述表面必须理想地轻微打毛，以提供一个良好的粘附茎底。带研磨机不能对压膜提供这种细微的打毛，其最低磨蚀量通常为十分之几毫米的材料，当所含变钝的磨粒太多时，要将其作为磨尘而扔掉，从而造成工作安全及环保方面的问题。由于这种装置具有一种特定的几何形状，所以它把这种形状强加给刨花板。然而，带研磨机压面的这种形状通常比双带压机的形状更不精确，从而会在刨花中磨出厚度误差。
此外，宽带研磨机依其结构会在刨花板中产生纵向或横向伸展的槽，该槽在状况不当时会通过以后贴附的覆膜表现出来（再传递）。
权利要求1-4所述的装置解决了上述问题，它是用一个刀具对压膜进行打毛，该刀具是根据金属加工滑动研磨刀具的原理设计的，其垂直于刨花板进给方向的振动运动会产生一种精细结构的良好粘附性的表面，表面上交叉的加工轨迹很平坦。
图1示意性地并尺寸非精确地表示了一个本发明的实施例。刨花板1的压膜2a由金刚石晶体3打毛，金刚石晶体3借助电镀和/或化学沉积的镍14连接到交合金钢支座5上，该支座被一个压缩空气6的压力垫压向刨花板，其中，压缩空气可以通过钻孔7漏出。当这些空气在盖罩12下吸走时，随之带走磨尘和尘埃粒子10。刷子11促进压缩空气的净化作用，它松脱固结于表面上的粒子。
由于上述的薄支承膜（即支座5）由压缩空气压向刨花板，所以，其完全与刨花板的表面相吻合。存在各个突出的木屑尽管是可理解的，但由于它比上述刀具软得多，从而仍被整平。
锦层及具有特别硬的金刚石层或氮化钛磨粒的薄涂层用于使磨粒不致因受力而从锦层中脱落。
研磨工具由其背面的压缩空气而与刨花板形状的精确吻合，使得在工作时不会磨蚀，而仅仅是对表面进行均匀地打毛。因此，仅会落下少量的磨尘，这些磨尘可容易地疲吸走，它不会距离装饰膜或低之下并在表面上显示出来，或者影响覆膜的粘附。
因此不得不突然放弃，连续制造刨花板所具有的经济上的优点。因为其后的加工是非连续的，为了直接给连续制造的刨花板覆膜，使用了具有40-90秒循环时间的短程压机，刨花板要予先锯成要求的规格，并放到轮圈（Reifen）上。装饰膜或纸通常是成张使用的。
将装饰膜或纸切成张，然后将其精确吻合地放到刨花板上。滚子的工作，即短程压机每个循环中拉出必要的长度特别是由于密胺树脂贴纸的脆性而产生困难，并且该问题一直没有得到完满的解决。
用短程压机的滚子进行作业，必须对滚子有节奏的加速和制动，因为其运动由于材料的脆性单靠抵抗阻力的拉力是不能实现的。短程压机存在的问题在于生产率，其生产率大大小于制造刨花板的双带压机的生产率：双带压机制造刨花板的工作速度为8-10m/min，这样，短程压机必须具有60秒的循环时间、8-10m的反应区才能加工所有由双带压机出来的粗加工刨花板。
所以，每台双带压机必须配备多台短程压机以及多台及带输运覆膜纸张和传输所用全部材料的设备。这些均需要许多的安装面积及空间。
权利要求5-7所述的方法则解决了上述问题，它可以连续完成直到切割成品刨花板的所有的工艺过程。
当也使用一台双带压机来直接给在另一台双带压机上制出的刨花板覆膜时，两台压机就能够同步运行，从而它们也就具有了相同的输出率。
图2示意性地表示了一个本专利的设备。刨花板在一个等容双带压机W上制造，用本发明的刀具21打抟及制备表面，从一个展开台22供给装饰膜或纸，展开台22还具有一个更换供给覆膜材料的装置。一个第二等容双带压机23将覆膜幅面与刨花板压在一起。
上述结构在本发明之前由于各种原因还不能实现。
首先，不存在这样的刀具，该刀具可以对仍呈热态下的刨花板进行加工，然后能够立即对其覆膜。表面冷却时间也是必需的。权利要求1-4所述的装置解决了这个问题。
此外，在木柴加工业中等容双带压机以及特别是用它制造刨花板是公知的。这种压机在结构上具有确定的反应区几何形状，它在制造刨花板时毫无问题地位于技术公差之内。然而，这种形状在直接覆膜时却存在问题，因为该形状与刨花板的形状相重叠，从而作用于刨花板和覆膜幅面构成的压合板上的压力是不均匀的。这样，就可能在压力不足的地方产生条痕，不能将覆膜与刨花板可靠地连在一起。
通过一个配置于压带之后的流体压力垫来产生自应区压力，可使等容双带压机理想地与压合板的形状相配合，从而不会产生条痕。
由于双带压机连续工作，所以由滚子对覆膜材料的加工不会产生问题。装饰膜和装饰纸在双带压机入口的输送可由装饰性层压板的制造而公知。
本发明的研磨刀具、展开台和等压双带压机的组合可以使刨花板直至最终式样的连续制造取得经济上的效益。
Claims (8)
1、用装饰膜或装饰纸连续直接覆膜刨花板的方法，其特征是，由等容或等压作用的双带压机制造的刨花板表面是在热态下离开压机后立即进行打毛和整平的，随后贴附装饰膜或装饰纸。
2、按照权利要求1的方法，其特征是，所述的装饰膜或纸借助一个展开台直接由滚子进行加工。
3、按照权利要求1或2的方法，其特征是，刨花板和装饰膜或纸借助一个等压双带压机通过压力和热作用而相互结合。
4、一种制备刨花板表面以便直接贴附装饰膜或纸或者去除表面压膜的装置，其特征是，包括一个带一个薄的高合金钢或青铜支座的刀具，该支座复盖有例如电镀或化学结合于一个镍层中的细金刚石粒或立方氮化硼，并且支座由压缩空气压到刨花板的表面上，该刀具垂直于刨花板的进给方向振动，从而由磨粒的尖端对刨花板进行打毛和整平。
5、按照权利要求4的装置，其特征是，在金刚石或氮化硼复盖层中具有光滑的通道（unbezahnte Gassen）。
6、按照权利要求5的装置，其特征是，在齿形区域的中部具有小孔，位于支座后面的压缩空气可以经过该小孔及齿和上述光滑通道而流出。
7、按照权利要求4-6之一的装置，其特征是，所述的镍层和埋置的金刚石或氮化硼被一个由化学气相沉积法（CVD）、物理气相沉积法（PVD）或等离子加强化学气相沉积法（PECVD）沉积的氮化钛或无定形金刚石保护层所保护着，以防止机械损坏，如磨损和脱落。
8、按照权利要求4-7之一的装置，其特征是，所述的刀具被一个罩盖所覆盖着，并且将准在罩盖、刀具和刨花板之间带有磨尘的空气抽走。
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102765112A (zh) * | 2011-05-04 | 2012-11-07 | 劳特公司 | 用于木材制品的加压装置 |
| CN104647879A (zh) * | 2015-02-28 | 2015-05-27 | 安徽广燕新材料科技有限责任公司 | 一种建筑装饰板覆膜设备 |
| CN113183268A (zh) * | 2021-03-25 | 2021-07-30 | 刘超 | 一种金刚石抗菌涂层分格压制装置 |
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| DE4443763A1 (de) * | 1994-12-08 | 1996-06-13 | Hymmen Theodor Gmbh | Kontinuierlich arbeitende Presse zum Herstellen von Holzwerkstoffplatten |
| US5605547A (en) * | 1995-03-27 | 1997-02-25 | Micron Technology, Inc. | Method and apparatus for mounting a component to a substrate using an anisotropic adhesive, a compressive cover film, and a conveyor |
| PL2236313T3 (pl) * | 2009-03-31 | 2012-12-31 | Flooring Technologies Ltd | Sposób wytwarzania paneli i panel wytworzony tym sposobem |
| US9694510B2 (en) * | 2015-03-27 | 2017-07-04 | Charles Douglas Spitler | Skin stiffness characteristics and loft control production system and method with variable moisture content in input fiberglass media |
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| DE7227611U (de) * | 1973-05-30 | Staehle R Kg | Schleifschuh mit Bohrungen und Nuten zur Druckluft-Beaufschlagung | |
| DE1217239B (de) * | 1961-02-13 | 1966-05-18 | Hermann Uppenkamp & Co | Flaechenschleifvorrichtung mit einer Foerdervorrichtung fuer Holzteile |
| US3754354A (en) * | 1971-09-23 | 1973-08-28 | R Franlinna | Grinding device |
| DE2937410A1 (de) * | 1979-09-15 | 1981-04-02 | Into Solymar Benalmadena Costa Malaga Kerttula | Kontinuierlich arbeitende plattenpresse |
| DE3041377C2 (de) * | 1980-11-03 | 1982-12-30 | Bison-Werke Bähre & Greten GmbH & Co KG, 3257 Springe | Breitbandschleifmaschine zum Bearbeiten von Span-, Faser-, Furnier- o.dgl. Platten |
| US4606738A (en) * | 1981-04-01 | 1986-08-19 | General Electric Company | Randomly-oriented polycrystalline silicon carbide coatings for abrasive grains |
| DE3342678C2 (de) * | 1983-11-25 | 1995-08-31 | Held Kurt | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur kontinuierlichen Herstellung metallkaschierter Laminate |
| CH674818A5 (en) * | 1988-01-21 | 1990-07-31 | Hausheer Ltd | Laminated manual surface finishing tool - has all layers joined to base body, with abrasive particles in working surface |
-
1993
- 1993-04-01 DE DE4310685A patent/DE4310685C2/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
1994
- 1994-03-30 US US08/220,118 patent/US5490900A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1994-03-31 RU RU94011278/12A patent/RU94011278A/ru unknown
- 1994-04-01 CN CN94105300.8A patent/CN1103347A/zh active Pending
- 1994-04-01 JP JP6065038A patent/JPH06315918A/ja active Pending
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102765112A (zh) * | 2011-05-04 | 2012-11-07 | 劳特公司 | 用于木材制品的加压装置 |
| CN104647879A (zh) * | 2015-02-28 | 2015-05-27 | 安徽广燕新材料科技有限责任公司 | 一种建筑装饰板覆膜设备 |
| CN113183268A (zh) * | 2021-03-25 | 2021-07-30 | 刘超 | 一种金刚石抗菌涂层分格压制装置 |
| CN113183268B (zh) * | 2021-03-25 | 2022-08-16 | 山东聊城君锐超硬材料有限公司 | 一种金刚石抗菌涂层分格压制装置 |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| DE4310685A1 (de) | 1994-10-06 |
| DE4310685C2 (de) | 1995-01-26 |
| JPH06315918A (ja) | 1994-11-15 |
| US5490900A (en) | 1996-02-13 |
| RU94011278A (ru) | 1996-09-27 |
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