CN110326183B - 充电装置以及车载电源装置 - Google Patents

充电装置以及车载电源装置 Download PDF

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CN110326183B
CN110326183B CN201780086601.0A CN201780086601A CN110326183B CN 110326183 B CN110326183 B CN 110326183B CN 201780086601 A CN201780086601 A CN 201780086601A CN 110326183 B CN110326183 B CN 110326183B
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converter
charging device
battery
voltage
power
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CN110326183A (zh
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小南智
佐藤畅晃
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Panasonic Automotive Electronic Systems Co ltd
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/02—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries for charging batteries from ac mains by converters
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L50/00—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle
    • B60L50/50—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by batteries or fuel cells
    • B60L50/60—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by batteries or fuel cells using power supplied by batteries
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    • B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
    • B60L53/10—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles characterised by the energy transfer between the charging station and the vehicle
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
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    • B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
    • B60L53/20—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles characterised by converters located in the vehicle
    • B60L53/22—Constructional details or arrangements of charging converters specially adapted for charging electric vehicles
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    • H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
    • H01M10/44—Methods for charging or discharging
    • H—ELECTRICITY
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    • H02M1/14—Arrangements for reducing ripples from dc input or output
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    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
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    • H02M3/28—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac
    • H02M3/325—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
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    • H02M3/33507—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of the output voltage or current, e.g. flyback converters
    • H02M3/33523—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of the output voltage or current, e.g. flyback converters with galvanic isolation between input and output of both the power stage and the feedback loop
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    • H02M3/00—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output
    • H02M3/22—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac
    • H02M3/24—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters
    • H02M3/28—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac
    • H02M3/325—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
    • H02M3/335—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
    • H02M3/33569—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only having several active switching elements
    • H02M3/33571—Half-bridge at primary side of an isolation transformer
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Abstract

充电装置具有AC/DC转换器、第一DC/DC转换器、第二DC/DC转换器和电感元件。AC/DC转换器与外部电源连接，将交流电力变换为直流电力。第一DC/DC转换器对AC/DC转换器输出的直流电力的电压进行变换后将该直流电力提供给第一电池。第二DC/DC转换器在第一DC/DC转换器的输出侧与第一电池以并联方式连接，对第一DC/DC转换器输出的直流电力的电压进行变换后将该直流电力提供给第二电池。电感元件同第一DC/DC转换器及第二DC/DC转换器串联地连接在第一DC/DC转换器与第二DC/DC转换器之间。

Description

充电装置以及车载电源装置
技术领域
本发明涉及一种充电装置以及车载电源装置。
背景技术
在近年的混合动力汽车、电动汽车或其它各种电动装置搭载有成为高电压系统的电源的高电压电池、成为低电压系统的电源的低电压电池以及对这些电池进行充电的充电装置。
作为这种充电装置，已知一种构成为包括将来自外部电源的交流电力变换为直流电力的充电电路以及对充电电路的输出电压进行变换的DC/DC转换器的充电装置(例如，参照专利文献1)。
现有技术文献
专利文献
专利文献1：日本特开2011-062018号公报
发明内容
另外，在充电装置中，期望将尽可能不包含脉动的充电电流提供给电池。在将脉动激烈的充电电流提供给电池的情况下，存在在该电池中产生不良的充电状态的担忧，例如构成该电池的多个电池单元的单元电压产生偏差，或者电池单元内的化学反应未可靠地进行而生成未反应的离子等情况。
本公开提供一种能够对高电压电池和低电压电池分别进行灵活的充电动作并且能够对这些高电压电池和低电压电池分别提供脉动少的充电电流的充电装置以及车载电源装置。
本公开的充电装置能够将从外部电源接受到的交流电力充入到充电电压不同的第一电池和第二电池。该充电装置具有AC/DC转换器、第一DC/DC转换器、第二DC/DC转换器以及电感元件。AC/DC转换器与外部电源连接，将交流电力变换为第一直流电力。第一DC/DC转换器生成对AC/DC转换器输出的第一直流电力的电压进行变换得到的第二直流电力，将第二直流电力提供给第一电池。第二DC/DC转换器在第一DC/DC转换器的输出侧与第一电池并联连接，生成对第一DC/DC转换器输出的第二直流电力的电压进行变换得到的第三直流电力，将第三直流电力提供给第二电池。电感元件同第一DC/DC转换器及第二DC/DC转换器串联地连接在第一DC/DC转换器与第二DC/DC转换器之间。
基于本公开的车载电源装置具有所述充电装置、与第一DC/DC转换器的输出侧连接的第一电池以及与第二DC/DC转换器的输出侧连接的第二电池。
根据本公开所涉及的充电装置，能够对高电压电池和低电压电池分别进行灵活的充电动作，并且能够抑制对高电压电池和低电压电池分别提供的充电电流的脉动。
附图说明
图1是示出实施方式所涉及的充电装置的整体结构的一例的图。
图2是示出实施方式所涉及的充电装置的电路结构的一例的图。
具体实施方式
下面，参照图1、图2来说明本公开的实施方式所涉及的充电装置的结构的一例。此外，本实施方式所涉及的充电装置例如搭载于电动汽车等，与电池一起构成车载电源装置。
图1是示出本实施方式所涉及的充电装置1的整体结构的一例的图。图2是示出本实施方式所涉及的充电装置1的电路结构的一例的图。
此外，在图1、图2中，高边线(high-side line)La表示高边侧的电力线，低边线(low-side line)Lb表示低边侧的电力线。在图中，省略了分别从高电压电池B1和低电压电池B2对电负载供电的电力线。
充电装置1是与外部电源S连接、进行从外部电源S接受到的电力的电力变换来对高电压电池B1和低电压电池B2供电的装置。此外，充电装置1经由端子C1a、C1b来与外部电源S连接，经由端子C2a、C2b来与高电压电池B1连接，经由端子C3a、C3b来与低电压电池B2连接。
充电装置1具有AC/DC转换器10、第一DC/DC转换器20、第二DC/DC转换器30、电感元件40以及ECU(Electronic Control Unit：电子控制单元)50。
此外，根据电力模块的小型化要求，本实施方式所涉及的充电装置1的AC/DC转换器10、第一DC/DC转换器20、第二DC/DC转换器30以及电感元件40一体地收纳于同一壳体内。
外部电源S是在对高电压电池B1进行充电时经由连接插头等来与充电装置1连接的电源。外部电源S例如是供给60Hz、200V的单相交流电力的商用电源，对AC/DC转换器10的输入侧供给交流电力。
高电压电池B1例如是对驱动电动机等供电的主电池。高电压电池B1能够通过与低电压电池B2相比为高电压的直流电力进行充电(下面，也称为“充电电压”)，并输出该高电压的直流电力。作为高电压电池B1，例如使用48V系的锂离子二次电池。
在高电压电池B1中，正极与第一DC/DC转换器20的输出侧的高边线La连接，负极与第一DC/DC转换器20的输出侧的低边线Lb连接，构成为能够从第一DC/DC转换器20受电。另外，高电压电池B1也能够经由高边线La和低边线Lb对低电压电池B2供电。
低电压电池B2例如是对低电压系的辅机模块等供电的辅机电池。低电压电池B2能够通过与高电压电池B1相比为低电压的直流电力进行充电，并输出该低电压的直流电力。作为低电压电池B2，例如使用12V系的铅蓄电池。
在低电压电池B2中，正极与第二DC/DC转换器30的输出侧的高边线La连接，负极与第二DC/DC转换器30的输出侧的低边线Lb连接，构成为能够从第二DC/DC转换器30受电。
像这样，第一DC/DC转换器20输出的直流电力的电压比第二DC/DC转换器30输出的直流电力的电压高。
AC/DC转换器10与外部电源S连接，将交流电力变换为直流电力，来对第一DC/DC转换器20供电。AC/DC转换器10例如包括整流电路11和平滑化电容器12。此外，也可以在AC/DC转换器10的输出侧还设置功率因数改善电路等。
第一DC/DC转换器20与AC/DC转换器10的输出侧连接，对直流电力的电压进行变换，将具有变换后的电压的直流电力提供给高电压电池B1。作为第一DC/DC转换器20，使用开关驱动方式的DC/DC转换器，更优选的是，使用LLC谐振转换器电路。
在图2中，作为第一DC/DC转换器20，示出应用了LLC谐振转换器电路(下面，也称为“LLC谐振转换器电路20”)的电路结构的一例。
LLC谐振转换器电路20包括具有初级绕组和次级绕组的变压器26。在LLC谐振转换器电路20中，在变压器26的初级侧设置有高边开关21和低边开关22(相当于本公开的“开关驱动部”)，构成半桥电路。而且，在LLC谐振转换器电路20中，在半桥电路的输出侧设置有谐振用电容器23和谐振用电感器24，构成串联谐振电路。此外，与变压器26的初级绕组并联连接的电感器25是变压器26中产生的励磁电抗器。
另外，在LLC谐振转换器电路20中，在变压器26的次级侧包括二极管27a和27b以及平滑化电容器28，构成整流电路。
另外，LLC谐振转换器电路20具有生成开关信号的控制电路29。LLC谐振转换器电路20通过控制电路29输出的开关信号将高边开关21和低边开关22交替地控制为接通/断开，由此将被输入的直流电力的电压变换为规定的电压，输出具有规定的电压的直流电压。
第二DC/DC转换器30与第一DC/DC转换器20的输出侧连接，对直流电力的电压进行变换(在此为降压)，将具有变换后的电压的直流电力提供给低电压电池B2。第二DC/DC转换器30在第一DC/DC转换器20的输出侧与高电压电池B1并联连接。作为第二DC/DC转换器30，使用开关驱动方式的DC/DC转换器，更优选的是，使用降压斩波电路。
在图2中，作为第二DC/DC转换器30，示出应用了降压斩波电路(下面，也称为“降压斩波电路30”)的电路结构的一例。
降压斩波电路30例如具有输入侧平滑化电容器31、开关元件32、续流二极管33、电抗器34以及输出侧平滑化电容器35。
输入侧平滑化电容器31连接在高边线La与低边线Lb之间，将从第一DC/DC转换器20的输出侧输入的直流电力的电压平滑化。开关元件32(相当于本公开的“开关驱动部”)串联连接在高边线La的输入侧与输出侧之间，对向后级流通的电流进行控制。
电抗器34在高边线La上与开关元件32串联地连接在开关元件32的后级，根据被提供的电流进行电磁能量的储存和释放。续流二极管33在开关元件32的后级且电抗器34的前级连接在高边线La与低边线Lb之间，在开关元件32接通的期间阻止电流，在开关元件32断开的期间在使电抗器34中储存的电磁能量释放的方向上流通电流。输出侧平滑化电容器35连接在高边线La与低边线Lb之间，将从电抗器34输入的电力的电压平滑化。
另外，第二DC/DC转换器30包括生成开关信号的控制电路36。而且，在第二DC/DC转换器30中，通过控制电路36输出的开关信号对开关元件32进行接通/断开控制，由此将被输入的直流电力的电压变换为规定的电压，输出具有规定的电压的直流电压。
电感元件40串联连接在第一DC/DC转换器20与第二DC/DC转换器30之间，用于使在第一DC/DC转换器20与第二DC/DC转换器30之间流通的电流的脉动衰减，防止产生谐振电流。
本实施方式所涉及的电感元件40在第一DC/DC转换器20的输出侧的高边线La中在比向高电压电池B1分支的分支点靠后级的位置连接于高侧线La。而且，作为电感元件40，为了实现上述功能，更优选的是，使用具有电力线La的寄生电感的例如10倍以上的电感的元件。此外，通过将电感元件40设置在比向高电压电池B1侧分支的位置靠后级的位置，能够降低对高电压电池B1充电时的损耗。
例如通过ECU 50来控制本实施方式所涉及的充电装置1的充电动作。ECU 50例如监视高电压电池B1和低电压电池B2各自的荷电状态(State OfCharge)，并基于该荷电状态来决定动作模式。而且，ECU 50例如对第一DC/DC转换器20的控制电路29和第二DC/DC转换器30的控制电路36指示动作模式，使它们以各自的动作模式执行动作。
ECU 50例如以恒流恒压充电(Constant Current-Constant Voltage：CCCV)方式执行对高电压电池B1和低电压电池B2的充电。此时，第一DC/DC转换器20的控制电路29和第二DC/DC转换器30的控制电路36例如基于配设于电力线La或Lb的电压传感器或电流传感器(未图示)的检测信号通过反馈控制来进行开关控制，使得成为恒流或恒压。
根据本实施方式所涉及的充电装置1，通过第一DC/DC转换器20的动作控制能够灵活地进行对高电压电池B1供给的电力的电压调整，并且通过第二DC/DC转换器30的动作控制能够灵活地进行对低电压电池B2供给的电力的电压调整。另外，本实施方式所涉及的充电装置1也能够借助第二DC/DC转换器30来从高电压电池B1对低电压电池B2充电。
但是，本实施方式所涉及的充电装置1为在第一DC/DC转换器20的输出侧连接第二DC/DC转换器30的结构，因此在第一DC/DC转换器20与第二DC/DC转换器30同时进行开关动作的情况下，具有在它们之间流通的电流发生脉动从而产生谐振状态的担忧。
在此，参照图2来说明在第一DC/DC转换器20与第二DC/DC转换器30之间产生的谐振电流。
图2的粗虚线D表示假设未配设有电感元件40的情况下流通的谐振电流的一例。
在充电装置1中，有时为了对高电压电池B1和低电压电池B2同时充电，而使第一DC/DC转换器20和第二DC/DC转换器30同时进行开关动作。在这种情况下，在第一DC/DC转换器20与第二DC/DC转换器30之间电流产生脉动。
此时，若脉动的电流的频率成分包括第一DC/DC转换器20与第二DC/DC转换器30之间的闭合电路的谐振频率，则产生大振幅的谐振电流。在图2中，平滑化电容器28、高边线La、输入侧平滑化电容器31以及低边线Lb形成该闭合电路。其结果，该谐振电流发生流入到高电压电池B1的行为等，难以将对高电压电池B1的充电电流控制为固定。
特别是，本实施方式所涉及的充电装置1的第一DC/DC转换器20和第二DC/DC转换器30一体地收纳于同一壳体内。换言之，第一DC/DC转换器20的输出侧与第二DC/DC转换器30的输入侧仅经由电感元件40连接。因此，在第一DC/DC转换器20与第二DC/DC转换器30之间的电力线La的寄生电感小、假设未配设电感元件40的情况下，成为易于产生谐振电流的状态。
与此相对地，通过在第一DC/DC转换器20与第二DC/DC转换器30之间串联地配设电感元件40，能够抑制电流的脉动，也能够防止如上所述那样的谐振电流的产生。
另外，向第二DC/DC转换器30的输入侧流入的电流也稳定，因此能够使对低电压电池B2提供的充电电流也同样地稳定。
如以上那样，根据本实施方式所涉及的充电装置1，能够高精度地进行控制使得对高电压电池B1和低电压电池B2提供的充电电流固定。
此外，谐振电流流通的路径根据第一DC/DC转换器20的电路结构和第二DC/DC转换器30的电路结构可能会发生各种变动，但是如上所述，通过配设电感元件40，无论这些电路结构如何，均能够防止谐振电流的产生。
(其它实施方式)
本公开不限于上述实施方式，可以想到各种变形方式。
在上述实施方式中，作为外部电源S的一例，示出了单相交流电源，但也可以使用三相交流电源等。另外，也可以设为在对低电压电池B2进行充电时连接外部电源S的结构，来取代在对高电压电池B1进行充电时连接外部电源S的结构。
另外，在上述实施方式中，作为高电压电池B1和低电压电池B2的一例，分别示出了锂离子二次电池和铅蓄电池，但也可以取而代之，使用镍氢二次电池、双电层电容器等任意种类的电池。另外，高电压电池B1和低电压电池B2这两者既可以是相同种类的电池，也可以组合多个种类的电池来构成。
另外，在上述实施方式中，作为充电装置1的电路结构的一例，设为在第一DC/DC转换器20的输出侧将高电压电池B1与第二DC/DC转换器30并联连接的结构，但也可以取而代之，设为将低电压电池B2与第二DC/DC转换器30并联连接的结构。
另外，在上述实施方式中，作为第一DC/DC转换器20和第二DC/DC转换器30的一例，分别示出了LLC谐振转换器电路20和降压斩波电路30。然而，如上所述，作为第一DC/DC转换器20和第二DC/DC转换器30，也能够分别应用开关驱动方式的任意的电压变换电路。但是，LLC谐振转换器电路构成为DC/DC转换器的输出电容器(相当于平滑化电容器28)的容量与其它电路方式相比较大，尤其容易产生谐振电流，因此上述电感元件40尤其有效。
另外，在上述实施方式中，作为电感元件40的结构的一例，示出了配设于高边线La上的比向高电压电池B1侧分支的位置靠后级的位置的例子。然而，电感元件40的配设位置既可以是低边线Lb上，另外也可以是比向高电压电池B1侧分支的位置靠前级的电力线La上。另一方面，也可以与电感元件40并联地配设切换开关等，使得能够根据第二DC/DC转换器30的动作状态来绕过电感元件40。
以上，详细地说明了本公开的具体例，但它们只不过是例示，并不对权利要求书进行限定。权利要求书中记载的技术包括对以上例示的具体例进行各种变形、变更得到的方式。
产业上的可利用性
根据本公开所涉及的充电装置，能够抑制对高电压电池和低电压电池分别提供的充电电流的脉动。
附图标记说明
1：充电装置；10：AC/DC转换器；11：整流电路；12、28：平滑化电容器；20：第一DC/DC转换器(LLC谐振转换器电路)；21：高边开关；22：低边开关；23：谐振用电容器；24：谐振用电感器；25：电感器；26：变压器；27a、27b：二极管；29：控制电路；30：第二DC/DC转换器(降压斩波电路)；31：输入侧平滑化电容器；32：开关元件；33：续流二极管；34：电抗器；35：输出侧平滑化电容器；36：控制电路；40：电感元件；50：ECU；S：外部电源；B1：高电压电池；B2：低电压电池；La：电力线(高边线)；Lb：电力线(低边线)。

Claims (13)

1.一种充电装置，构成为利用从外部电源接受到的交流电力对第一电池充电并且能够对充电电压与所述第一电池的充电电压不同的第二电池充电，所述充电装置具备：
AC/DC转换器，其与所述外部电源连接，将所述交流电力变换为第一直流电力；
第一DC/DC转换器，其生成对所述AC/DC转换器输出的所述第一直流电力的电压进行变换得到的第二直流电力，将所述第二直流电力供给到所述第一电池，并且所述第一DC/DC转换器包括输出电容器；
第二DC/DC转换器，其在所述第一DC/DC转换器的输出侧与所述第一电池并联连接，生成对所述第一DC/DC转换器输出的所述第二直流电力的电压进行变换得到的第三直流电力，将所述第三直流电力供给到所述第二电池，并且所述第二DC/DC转换器包括输入电容器；以及
电感元件，其同所述第一DC/DC转换器及所述第二DC/DC转换器串联地连接在所述第一DC/DC转换器的所述输出电容器与所述第二DC/DC转换器的所述输入电容器之间，
其中，所述电感元件设置在用于将所述第一DC/DC转换器与所述第二DC/DC转换器连接的电力线上的、比与所述第一电池的分支点靠所述第二DC/DC转换器侧的位置。
2.根据权利要求1所述的充电装置，其特征在于，
所述第一DC/DC转换器还具有第一开关驱动部，所述第二DC/DC转换器还具有第二开关驱动部。
3.根据权利要求2所述的充电装置，其特征在于，
所述第一DC/DC转换器还具有变压器，
在所述第一DC/DC转换器中，所述输出电容器位于比所述变压器靠所述第二DC/DC转换器侧的位置，
所述第二DC/DC转换器具有的输入电容器位于比所述第二开关驱动部靠所述第一DC/DC转换器侧的位置。
4.根据权利要求3所述的充电装置，其特征在于，
所述第一DC/DC转换器包括LLC谐振转换器电路。
5.根据权利要求4所述的充电装置，其特征在于，
所述AC/DC转换器、所述第一DC/DC转换器、所述第二DC/DC转换器以及所述电感元件一体地收纳于同一壳体内。
6.根据权利要求3所述的充电装置，其特征在于，
所述AC/DC转换器、所述第一DC/DC转换器、所述第二DC/DC转换器以及所述电感元件一体地收纳于同一壳体内。
7.根据权利要求1所述的充电装置，其特征在于，
所述第二直流电力的电压比所述第三直流电力的电压高。
8.根据权利要求1所述的充电装置，其特征在于，
所述第一DC/DC转换器包括LLC谐振转换器电路。
9.根据权利要求8所述的充电装置，其特征在于，
所述AC/DC转换器、所述第一DC/DC转换器、所述第二DC/DC转换器以及所述电感元件一体地收纳于同一壳体内。
10.根据权利要求1所述的充电装置，其特征在于，
所述第二DC/DC转换器包括降压斩波电路。
11.根据权利要求1所述的充电装置，其特征在于，
所述AC/DC转换器、所述第一DC/DC转换器、所述第二DC/DC转换器以及所述电感元件一体地收纳于同一壳体内。
12.根据权利要求1、3、5、6、8、9、11中的任一项所述的充电装置，其特征在于，
所述第一DC/DC转换器的输出侧与所述第二DC/DC转换器的输入侧仅经由所述电感元件连接。
13.一种车载电源装置，具备：
根据权利要求1所述的充电装置；
与所述充电装置的所述第一DC/DC转换器的所述输出侧连接的所述第一电池；以及
与所述充电装置的所述第二DC/DC转换器的输出侧连接的所述第二电池。
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