CN110301338B - Biological film organic hydroponic planting system and operation method thereof - Google Patents
Biological film organic hydroponic planting system and operation method thereof Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN110301338B CN110301338B CN201910531856.4A CN201910531856A CN110301338B CN 110301338 B CN110301338 B CN 110301338B CN 201910531856 A CN201910531856 A CN 201910531856A CN 110301338 B CN110301338 B CN 110301338B
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- water
- tank
- water storage
- storage tank
- fermentation
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Active
Links
Images
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G31/00—Soilless cultivation, e.g. hydroponics
- A01G31/02—Special apparatus therefor
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F3/32—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage characterised by the animals or plants used, e.g. algae
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F3/34—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage characterised by the microorganisms used
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2101/00—Nature of the contaminant
- C02F2101/10—Inorganic compounds
- C02F2101/16—Nitrogen compounds, e.g. ammonia
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2101/00—Nature of the contaminant
- C02F2101/30—Organic compounds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2209/00—Controlling or monitoring parameters in water treatment
- C02F2209/06—Controlling or monitoring parameters in water treatment pH
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2305/00—Use of specific compounds during water treatment
- C02F2305/06—Nutrients for stimulating the growth of microorganisms
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
- Y02P60/20—Reduction of greenhouse gas [GHG] emissions in agriculture, e.g. CO2
- Y02P60/21—Dinitrogen oxide [N2O], e.g. using aquaponics, hydroponics or efficiency measures
Abstract
The invention discloses a biological film organic hydroponic planting system, which comprises a water storage tank (3) and a vegetable cultivation bed (5), and is characterized in that: the anaerobic fermentation tank (1) is communicated with the bacteria culture tank (2) through a pipeline, the lower part of the bacteria film precipitation tank (4) is communicated with the upper part of the bacteria culture tank (2) through a pipeline, the upper part of the bacteria film precipitation tank (4) is communicated with the water storage tank (3) through a pipeline, two ends of the vegetable culture bed (5) are respectively communicated with the water storage tank (3), and biological fillers are placed in the water storage tank (3); fermentation liquor is placed in the anaerobic fermentation cylinder (1). The invention solves the problems of low yield per mu, heavy manpower, waste of water resources, severe conditions, environmental pollution and the like in the prior art of agricultural planting. On the basis of the existing organic water ploughing such as fish-vegetable symbiosis, the problems of unstable yield, system nutrition, difficult control of water quality balance and the like are solved, and the investment of infrastructure and energy consumption are greatly reduced.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a biological film organic hydroponic planting system and an operation method thereof, belonging to the field of green agriculture.
Background
In the face of resource shortage and serious pollution, renewable resources are increasingly utilized in response all over the world. Many fertilizer feedstocks are ores and the vast majority of mining in recent years has caused these resources to begin to deplete. Meanwhile, energy is consumed in the process of manufacturing the chemical fertilizer, and the water source is polluted by carelessly using the chemical fertilizer and the pesticide, so that the ecology is influenced. Organic planting is an agricultural production system which does not use chemically synthesized fertilizers, pesticides and growth regulators in production, does not adopt genetic engineering and ion radiation technology, follows natural laws, recycles organic matters and agricultural wastes, and adopts farming, physical and biological methods to fertilize soil and prevent and control plant diseases and insect pests so as to obtain safe organisms and products thereof. In addition, when the organic fertilizer is decomposed by bacteria, besides basic nutrient elements, the organic fertilizer also generates abundant natural growth hormone and organic products, and the scientific research at present has little knowledge on the effects of the products on crop growth, disease resistance and the like, and the effects cannot be compared favorably with chemical fertilizers.
. However, the traditional organic planting has the problems of low yield, serious pest and disease damage, large manpower consumption and the like.
Chemical fertilizer hydroponics is commonly called water culture. Is one of the soilless culture modes. The method for planting plants is that the nutrient solution is dissolved in water, and then the nutrient solution is conveyed to the planted plants by a water pump. The nutrient solution flows in the cultivation tank by a water pump in a self-circulation way. The surface of each cultivation groove is covered with a cover plate with holes, the plants and the small cups are placed in the holes, and the roots of the plants are soaked in the nutrients to grow. The hydroponic culture has the advantages of rapid growth, large and stable yield, and can be applied to automatic equipment to save manpower: this is the greatest advantage of hydroponics, but needs to provide good growing environment, for example, proper temperature and sunshine are needed, and the high temperature of the greenhouse in summer will affect the growth of crops; hydroponic cultivation reduces the source of plant pathogens. However, after the nutrient solution or the substrate for hydroponics is used for several times, the excellent products are not easy to grow due to the release of a large amount of secretion at the root of crops and the accumulation of salt, so that the nutrient solution or the substrate needs to be discarded. Improper disposal may also cause environmental pollution, especially if large amounts of used nutrient solution are disposed of. In addition, without an ecosystem, chemical hydroponics requires an absolutely clean cultivation environment, since pathogens once invaded will multiply in large numbers in an environment without other bacterial constraints, and as water streams infect the entire cultivation system, most commonly root rot, more than 90% of the harvest loss can result. The organic hydroponics system and the organic cultivation are combined, namely the organic hydroponics, so that the output bottleneck of the organic cultivation can be solved, the labor input is reduced, the chemical fertilizer used in the hydroponics can be avoided, and the diseases can be overcome by using microorganisms. At present, the most successful and widely known organic hydroponic method is fish-vegetable symbiosis, and although the fish-vegetable symbiosis is a good organic hydroponic system, a plurality of problems often occur in the actual operation. The factors cause the problems of unstable symbiotic yield of fish and vegetables, difficult control of system balance, low economic benefit and the like.
The growth requirements of fish and vegetables are different, fish and vegetable symbiosis is that an aquatic environment is balanced between fish and vegetables, for example, the suitable pH of the fish is between 6.5 and 8, the vegetables are between 5.5 and 7, and if the balance is achieved, the pH is kept between 6.5 and 7 for a long time, but the balance is difficult to achieve in practice because a plurality of organic matters and oxidation action, nitrification action and the like of the organic matters in water affect the pH value of the water, and the floating range of the pH of 0.5 is difficult to control.
The fish and vegetable symbiotic nutrient source comes from fish manure, the fish nutrient requirement is different from that of vegetables, and the fish food is often overhigh in protein (causing overhigh nitrogen fertilizer), and slightly less in potassium, magnesium, calcium and the like, so that the nutrient absorption of vegetables is unbalanced. The current solution in the industry is to feed fish in large quantities to maintain a basic amount of low fertilizer elements or to add compounds to compensate for the vegetable requirements. Both of these methods have disadvantages, the former causing cost increase and the latter not meeting organic production standards.
The fish-vegetable symbiotic system generally uses a water tank to connect an air pump to realize intensive fish culture, and connects fish water with a vegetable bed to circulate the fish water. The intensive culture of the freshwater fish consumes more energy, needs facilities to be built, has higher cost and low economic benefit; in addition, due to the high fish culture density, the fish is easy to get ill, and once the fish die, the system can be stopped, and the vegetables are also affected.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem to be solved by the invention is as follows: provides a biomembrane organic hydroponic planting system and an operation method thereof, which are used for solving the problems of low yield per mu, heavy manpower, waste of water resources, severe conditions, environmental pollution and the like in the prior art of agricultural planting. On the basis of the existing organic water ploughing such as fish-vegetable symbiosis, the problems of unstable yield, system nutrition, difficult control of water quality balance and the like are solved, and the investment of infrastructure and energy consumption are greatly reduced.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows: the utility model provides a biofilm organic hydroponic system of planting, contains, anaerobic fermentation jar and bacteria culture jar pass through the pipeline intercommunication, and the pipeline intercommunication is passed through with bacteria culture jar upper portion to fungus membrane precipitation jar lower part, and fungus membrane precipitation jar upper portion passes through the pipeline intercommunication with the water storage jar, and vegetables are planted bed both ends and are communicate with the water storage jar respectively, the water storage jar in place biofilm carrier.
The biological filler comprises: MBBR bio-spheres/fillers, bio-ropes or any bio-fillers to which microorganisms can attach.
The bottom of the inner jar of the bacteria culture jar is provided with a PVC pipe, the pipe is provided with air outlet holes every 30 centimeters, and the PVC pipe is connected with a turbine type air pump.
The PVC pipe is arranged at the bottom of the water storage tank around the edge of the tank bottom and is connected with the turbine type air pump; the bottom of the water storage tank is provided with a sewage pump, the sewage pump is connected with the bacteria culture tank and the vegetable configuration bed, and a hard plastic net is arranged outside the sewage pump.
And fermentation liquor is placed in the anaerobic fermentation cylinder.
The fermentation liquor raw material comprises: organic fertilizer and bacterial liquid, the mass ratio is: 10: 1; the bacterial liquid comprises a comprehensive fermentation bacterial bag/saccharomycetes + lactobacillus, molasses and water, and the mass ratio of the comprehensive fermentation bacterial bag/saccharomycetes + lactobacillus to the molasses is as follows: 1:2:20.
The organic fertilizer is a mixture of organic fertilizers containing high nitrogen, phosphorus or potassium.
The preparation method of the fermentation liquor comprises the following steps: (1) fully mixing bacterial liquid materials, placing the mixture in a plastic bucket, aerating for more than 2 days, and keeping dissolved oxygen between 3mg/L and 8 mg/L; (2) pouring the aerated bacterial liquid into an organic fertilizer material for fully mixing; (3) sealing the mixed fertilizer in the step (2) for anaerobic fermentation; the average temperature is above 22 ℃ for 3-7 days, the average temperature is 10-22 ℃, the preparation is completed in 7-14 days, the average temperature is 0-10 ℃ and the preparation is completed in 14-30 days, and the hypha covers the surface of the organic fertilizer; (4) and (4) adding the fertilizer subjected to anaerobic fermentation in the step (3) into an anaerobic fermentation tank, adding water into the anaerobic fermentation tank, mixing the fertilizer with a stirring rod, and performing sealed fermentation to obtain fermentation liquor.
Adding the fertilizer fermented in the step (4) and water into an anaerobic fermentation cylinder in a ratio of 1:20 for liquid anaerobic fermentation, automatically setting a switch to stir for 15 minutes every 1 hour 3 days after the start of the anaerobic fermentation, starting the anaerobic fermentation, sealing the cylinder body during the fermentation, and additionally arranging an exhaust hole; fermenting for 2 weeks in summer and 4 weeks in winter to obtain fermentation liquor; the ammonia nitrogen ratio of the fermentation liquor is more than 1500 ppm.
The operation method of the biological film organic hydroponic planting system comprises the following steps of firstly, starting a system ecological ring, culturing a bacterial colony: and (3) from the anaerobic fermentation cylinder, mixing the upper fermentation liquor with the weight ratio of 1: filling the bacteria culture tank with a ratio of 100/day, and aerating for more than 1 week continuously; at the moment, the bacteria can be copied and propagated to form faint yellow or slightly gray semitransparent bacteria clusters, after the bacteria clusters are large and heavy, a water pump of a water storage tank is started, the bacteria culture tank starts to feed water, after the bacteria culture tank is filled with water, the water can overflow from a water outlet on the wall of the tank, the bacteria clusters can flow into a bacteria film sedimentation tank along with the water flow and are accumulated at the bottom of the bacteria film sedimentation tank; when the MLSS (mixed LIQUID SUSPENDED solid) of the bacteria membrane precipitation tank reaches more than 1500mg/L, pumping the mixed LIQUID of the bacteria and the water in the bacteria membrane precipitation tank into a water storage tank; secondly, circulating system water: the water pump in the water storage tank is connected with the vegetable cultivation bed, water flows into the vegetable cultivation bed from the water storage tank, the outlet of the water is arranged at the bottom of the tail end of the vegetable cultivation bed, and finally the water flows back to the water storage tank.
And a third step of maintaining the nutrient supply of the system and the nutrient supply of the fungus mass and vegetables: the nutrient absorption rate is different for different vegetables, and the nutrient absorption rate is not more than 1: adding the fermentation liquor into a water storage tank at a ratio of 200/day (fermentation liquor: total water amount of the system); the target ammonia nitrogen content in the water storage tank is between 0.5mg/L and 2mg/L, the nitrite content is between 0mg/L and 2mg/L, the nitrate content is between 5mg/L and 200mg/L, and the pH value is between 6 and 7.5.
The vegetable planting bed is formed by connecting planting water tanks in parallel, each planting water tank comprises a cuboid frame, four sides and the bottom of the planting water tank are filled with polystyrene through extrusion molding, waterproof cloth of food grade is paved inside the planting water tank, and an air pipe is installed at the bottom of the planting water tank and connected with a turbine type air pump and aeration stones.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: 1) the planting method meets the American organic certification standard, the system is installed, scientific management is realized, the operation is simple, and the harvesting is labor-saving;
2) the yield per mu is 5-15 times of that of common organic planting, the yield can be comparable to that of chemical fertilizer water culture, automatic equipment can be matched, and the required manpower is 1/5 of the traditional organic planting;
3) the organic planting nutrient solution is reliable and stable in production by fully recycling organic matters, agricultural wastes, kitchen wastes and the like with low cost. The biogas slurry and the biogas residues remained after power generation are used as nutrient solution materials and the like;
4) the water can not be lost due to irrigation, and the water is 1/20 which is generally used for farming. Meanwhile, water is not required to be changed due to salt accumulation like chemical water ploughing, and the water is 1/5 for chemical fertilizer water ploughing;
5) compared with the pH value in a fish-vegetable symbiotic system, the pH value is difficult to maintain between 6.5 and 7 for a long time, because a plurality of organic matters and the oxidation and nitrification of the organic matters in water influence the pH value of the water, and the floating range of 0.5pH value is difficult to control. The problem does not exist when the organic matters are decomposed and fermented by using bacteria, different strains can appear under different pH values, the strains have the capacity of decomposing the organic matters, and the pH value of the system can float between 5.5 and 7 which are suitable for plant growth and becomes more controllable.
Biological fillers such as MBBR biological balls are placed in the water storage tank, and the bacterial film is attached to the biological balls and forms a biological film on the balls. The biological membrane has high decomposition efficiency, and the decomposition capacity on BOD and ammonia nitrogen reaches more than 95 percent. The biological ball has strong bearing capacity for abnormal system water changes such as high-concentration organic liquid, low dissolved oxygen, extreme pH value and the like, can quickly restore thallus tissues, and a biological film on the biological ball is not easy to wash away by water flow.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic plan view of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The utility model provides a biofilm organic hydroponic system of planting, contains, anaerobic fermentation jar 1 and bacteria culture jar 2 pass through the pipeline intercommunication, and 4 lower parts of fungus membrane precipitation jar pass through the pipeline intercommunication with 2 upper portions of bacteria culture jar, and 4 upper portions of fungus membrane precipitation jar pass through the pipeline intercommunication with water storage jar 3, and 5 both ends of vegetable cultivation bed communicate with water storage jar 3 respectively, water storage jar 3 in place the biofilm carrier, the biofilm carrier contain: MBBR bio-spheres/fillers, bio-ropes or any bio-fillers to which microorganisms can attach.
The bottom of the inner jar of the bacteria culture jar 2 is provided with a PVC pipe, the pipe is provided with air outlet holes every 30 centimeters, and the PVC pipe is connected with a turbine type air pump.
The bottom of the water storage tank 3 is provided with a PVC pipe around the side of the bottom of the tank, and the PVC pipe is connected with a turbine type air pump; the bottom of the water storage tank 3 is provided with a sewage pump, the sewage pump is connected with the bacteria culture tank and the vegetable configuration bed, and a hard plastic net is arranged outside the sewage pump.
The vegetable cultivation bed 5 is formed by connecting the cultivation water tanks in parallel, the cultivation water tanks comprise a cuboid frame, the four sides and the bottom of the cultivation water tanks are filled with polystyrene by extrusion molding, the waterproof cloth of food grade is paved inside the cultivation water tanks, and the bottom of the cultivation water tanks is provided with 1 air pipe to connect the turbine air pump and the aeration stone.
Fermentation liquor is placed in the anaerobic fermentation cylinder 1; the fermentation liquor raw material comprises: organic fertilizer and bacterial liquid, the mass ratio is: 10: 1; the bacterial liquid comprises a comprehensive fermentation bacterial bag/saccharomycetes + lactobacillus, molasses and water, and the mass ratio of the comprehensive fermentation bacterial bag/saccharomycetes + lactobacillus to the molasses is as follows: 1:2: 20; the organic fertilizer is a mixture of organic fertilizers containing high nitrogen, phosphorus or potassium.
The preparation method of the fermentation liquor comprises the following steps: (1) fully mixing bacterial liquid materials, placing the mixture in a plastic bucket, aerating for more than 2 days, and keeping dissolved oxygen between 3mg/L and 8 mg/L; (2) pouring the aerated bacterial liquid into an organic fertilizer material for fully mixing; (3) sealing the mixed fertilizer in the step (2) for anaerobic fermentation; the average temperature is above 22 ℃ for about a week, the average temperature is 10-22 ℃, the production is completed about two weeks in winter, and the production is completed about one month at the average temperature of 0-10 ℃; (4) adding the fertilizer subjected to anaerobic fermentation in the step (3) into an anaerobic fermentation cylinder 1, adding a water stirring rod for mixing, sealing for fermentation, wherein the time of 3 days after the anaerobic fermentation is started is automatically set to be on and off, stirring for 15 minutes every 1 hour, starting the anaerobic fermentation, sealing the cylinder body during the fermentation, and additionally arranging an exhaust hole; fermenting at 25 deg.C or higher for 2 weeks in summer and at 5 deg.C or higher for 4 weeks in winter; the ammonia nitrogen concentration of the fermentation liquor is more than 1500 ppm.
An operation method of a biological film organic hydroponic planting system comprises the following steps of starting a system ecological ring, culturing a bacterial colony: from the anaerobic fermenter 1, the upper fermentation broth was fermented in a ratio of 1: filling the bacteria culture tank 2 with 100/day ratio, and aerating for 1 week; at the moment, the bacteria can be copied and propagated to form a faint yellow or slightly gray semitransparent bacteria colony, the main components of the bacteria colony are heterotrophic bacteria with the capability of decomposing organic matters and nitrobacteria with the capability of decomposing ammonia nitrogen, after the bacteria colony is large and heavy, a water pump of a water storage tank is started, the bacteria culture tank 2 starts to feed water, when the bacteria culture tank 2 is filled with water, the water can overflow from a water outlet on the wall of the tank, the bacteria colony can flow into a bacteria film sedimentation tank 4 along with the water flow and is accumulated at the bottom of the bacteria film sedimentation tank; when MLSS (mixed LIQUID SUSPENDED solid) in the bacteria membrane sedimentation tank 4 reaches more than 1500mg/L, pumping the mixed LIQUID of bacteria and water in the bacteria membrane sedimentation tank 4 into a water storage tank 3; secondly, circulating system water: the water pump in the water storage tank 3 is connected with the vegetable cultivation bed 5, water flows into the vegetable cultivation bed 5 from the water storage tank 3, the outlet of the water is arranged at the bottom of the tail end of the vegetable cultivation bed 5, and finally the water flows back to the water storage tank 3. And a third step of maintaining the nutrient supply of the system and the nutrient supply of the fungus mass and vegetables: the nutrient absorption rate is different for different vegetables, and the nutrient absorption rate is not more than 1: adding the fermentation liquor into the water storage tank 3 at a ratio of 200/day (fermentation liquor: total water amount of the system); the target ammonia nitrogen content in the water storage tank 3 is between 0.5mg/L and 2mg/L, the nitrite content is between 0mg/L and 2mg/L, the nitrate content is between 5mg/L and 200mg/L, and the pH value is between 6 and 7.5.
Example 1
Organic fermentation liquid fertilizer production process
The first step is as follows: anaerobic fermentation and inoculation of fertilizer
The organic fertilizer can be any organic fertilizer containing high nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium. The organic fertilizer can be prepared according to the requirements of different crops and the nutrient contents of different organic materials. After the materials are mixed, the bacteria source can be inoculated to increase the decomposition efficiency.
Demonstration of high nitrogen fertilizer formula (for leaf vegetables, one part)
1. 50 kg of soybean meal
2. 35 kg of phosphate rock powder
3. Seaweed meal 15 kg
Formula of bacterial source
1. Comprehensive fermentation fungus bag/saccharomycete + lactobacillus 0.5 kg
2. Molasses 1 liter/kg
3. 10 liters of water
Manufacturing equipment
One small plastic bucket with 50 liters of capacity and one large plastic bucket with 120 liters of capacity
One small air pump is used, and air stone;
manufacturing process
1. Fully mixing the bacteria liquid formula materials, placing the mixture in a plastic bucket, inflating for 2 days, applying an air pump and air stones for inflation, taking medium aeration as a standard, keeping dissolved oxygen between 3mg/L and 8mg/L, and taking the standard that hypha bubbles do not overflow the plastic bucket.
2. Fully mixing the high-nitrogen fertilizer formula materials, pouring the aerated bacterial liquid into the high-nitrogen fertilizer materials for fully mixing, and taking the condition that the fertilizer is just adhered to the hands but does not cause water accumulation as the standard.
3. And (3) carrying out anaerobic fermentation on the fertilizer mixed in the step (2) by using a plastic cloth or loading the fertilizer into a plastic bucket and sealing the plastic bucket. The temperature is finished about one week above the average temperature of 22 ℃, about two weeks after the average temperature of 10-22 ℃, and about one month after the average temperature of 0-10 ℃.
4. The material is ready to use immediately, and the next step of liquid fertilizer anaerobic fermentation is carried out. If the fertilizer needs to be stored, the fertilizer should be spread out and air-dried and placed in a cool and dry place.
The fertilizer can maintain fertility for a long time under the condition of drying, and bacteria attached to the fertilizer can enter a static state. When it is in contact with water, oxygen, proper acid and alkali, etc. can be activated again for reproduction. When used in large quantities, the fertilizer can be stored for one year by using a machine.
The second step is that: production of anaerobic liquid fertilizer
The first preparation is that 2 parts and about 200 kg of organic fertilizer after anaerobic fermentation are put into a 5000L plastic/glass fiber reinforced plastic water tank, 4000L of water is added, and materials are mixed by an automatic stirring rod. For the first 3 days of the start, the switch was automatically set to stir for 15 minutes every 1 hour.
Anaerobic fermentation is started, and the water vat is covered by plastic cloth to increase the anaerobic effect during fermentation, so that insects are prevented from spawning on the water surface. It is noted that a small vent hole is added to prevent biogas accumulation. The average temperature is above 25 ℃ in summer for 2 weeks, and above 5 ℃ in winter for 4 weeks, and the fermented product can be used. The ammonia nitrogen content of the prepared fermentation liquor is above 1500 ppm.
Infrastructure
1) Three circular plastic water jars (2.5 meters diameter, 1 meter height, 5000 liters per jar);
one is an anaerobic fermentation tank 1, a water inlet pipe is arranged above the water tank, an electric blade type stirring rod is arranged in the middle of the tank, a sewage pump is arranged 30 cm above the bottom of the water tank, the water pump is provided with a timer, and the water tank is covered by a plastic cover;
one is a bacteria culture tank 2, a water inlet pipe is arranged above the water tank, a round 1-inch PVC pipe is arranged at the bottom of the water tank around the edge of the bottom of the tank, air outlet holes are arranged on the pipe every 30 centimeters, the air pipe is connected with a turbine type air pump, and a water outlet pipe of the water tank is 1 meter high in the water tank;
and the water storage tank 3 is buried underground for-1 meter and is just level to the ground. The bottom of the water vat is provided with an air pipe which has the same design as the bacteria culture vat and is connected with a turbine type air pump, 1 cubic biological filler is arranged in the water vat, the bottom of the water vat is provided with a sewage pump, the water pump is connected with the bacteria culture vat and a water inlet of the water culture planting groove, and the water pump is close to the edge of the water vat and is protected by a hard plastic net to prevent organisms from clamping the water pump;
2) a bacteria membrane sedimentation tank, the water inlet of which is connected with the bacteria culture tank (1 m diameter, 0.6 m height, 470L);
3) the 12 water planting vegetable planting grooves can be built by using bricks, cement, wood plates and waterproof cloth, foam plates and other materials, and each planting groove falls on the ground level. (each groove is 30 m long, 2.4 m wide and 30 cm deep)
Mechanical equipment
One flow is 200m3A turbine type air pump with a flow rate of more than 3000L/H, a sewage pump with a flow rate of 500L/H;
the system operates as follows:
the first step is as follows: starting the ecological ring of the system and culturing the fungus mass
The fermentation liquid at the upper part is filled in the bacteria culture tank at the ratio of 1: 100/day (fermentation liquid to water) from the anaerobic fermentation tank, and aeration is carried out for more than 1 week continuously. When the cells are cultured, the carbon-nitrogen ratio (C: N ratio) is preferably 25:1 to 40: 1. At the moment, the bacteria can be copied and propagated to form a faint yellow or slightly gray semitransparent bacteria colony, the main components of the bacteria colony are heterotrophic bacteria with the capability of decomposing organic matters and nitrobacteria with the capability of decomposing ammonia nitrogen, after the bacteria colony is large and heavy, a water pump of a water storage tank is started, the bacteria culture tank starts to feed water, when the bacteria culture tank is filled with water, the water can overflow from a water outlet on the wall of the tank, the bacteria colony can flow into a bacteria membrane sedimentation tank along with water flow and is accumulated at the bottom of the bacteria membrane sedimentation tank; when MLSS (mixed LIQUID SUSPENDED solid) in the bacteria membrane precipitation tank reaches above 1500mg/L, the mixed LIQUID of bacteria and water in the bacteria membrane precipitation tank is pumped into a water storage tank. The biofilm will adhere to the biofilm in the reservoir and start to grow and form a biofilm on the ball. The biological membrane has high decomposition efficiency, and the decomposition capacity of BOD and ammonia nitrogen reaches more than 95%. The biological ball has strong bearing capacity for water change of high-concentration organic liquid, low dissolved oxygen, extreme pH value and other abnormal systems, can quickly restore thallus tissues, and a biological film on the biological ball is not easy to wash away by water flow.
The second step is that: systematic water circulation
The water pump in the water storage tank is connected with the planting tank, the frame of the water planting vegetable planting tank is built by galvanized iron or wood boards, the side edges and the bottom are insulated by polystyrene extrusion molding, and waterproof cloth of food grade is paved to form the planting water tank. The bottom of the planting groove is provided with 1 air pipe which is connected with a turbine type air pump and an aeration stone to provide oxygen for the roots of the plants, and the target dissolved oxygen rate is more than 3 mg/L. The water flows from the reservoir into the tank at a rate of 300 litres per hour. The outlet of the water is arranged at the bottom of the tail end of the groove, and finally the water flows back to the water storage tank.
The third step: nutrient supply and pellet for maintenance system and vegetables
The nutrient absorption rate is different for different vegetables, and the nutrient absorption rate is not more than 1: the fermentation liquor is added into a water storage tank at a ratio of 200/day (fermentation liquor: total water amount of the system). In addition to providing nutrients to the vegetables, the number and activity of the bacteria needs to be maintained. The target ammonia nitrogen content is between 0.5mg/L and 2mg/L, the nitrite is between 0mg/L and 2mg/L, the nitrate is between 5mg/L and 200mg/L, and the pH value is between 6 and 7.5.
Claims (7)
1. The utility model provides a biomembrane organic hydroponic system of planting, contains water storage tank (3) and vegetable cultivation bed (5), its characterized in that: the anaerobic fermentation tank (1) is communicated with the bacteria culture tank (2) through a pipeline, the lower part of the bacteria film precipitation tank (4) is communicated with the upper part of the bacteria culture tank (2) through a pipeline, the upper part of the bacteria film precipitation tank (4) is communicated with the water storage tank (3) through a pipeline, two ends of the vegetable culture bed (5) are respectively communicated with the water storage tank (3), and biological fillers are placed in the water storage tank (3); fermentation liquor is placed in the anaerobic fermentation cylinder (1); the fermentation liquor raw material comprises: organic fertilizer and bacterial liquid, the mass ratio is: 10: 1; the bacterial liquid contains yeast, lactobacillus, molasses and water, and the mass ratio is as follows: 1:2: 20; the organic fertilizer is a mixture of organic materials containing nitrogen, phosphorus or potassium.
2. The biofilm organic hydroponic growing system of claim 1, wherein: the bottom of the inner jar of the bacteria culture jar (2) is provided with a PVC pipe, the pipe is provided with air outlet holes every 30 centimeters, each air hole is connected with an air stone, and the PVC pipe is connected with a turbine type air pump; the bottom of the water storage tank (3) is provided with a PVC pipe and a gas stone around the edge of the bottom of the tank, and the PVC pipe is connected with a turbine type air pump; the bottom of the water storage tank (3) is provided with a sewage pump, and a hard plastic net is arranged outside the sewage pump.
3. The biofilm organic hydroponic growing system of claim 1, wherein: the preparation method of the fermentation liquor comprises the following steps: (1) fully mixing bacterial liquid materials, aerating for more than 2 days, and keeping dissolved oxygen between 3mg/L and 8 mg/L; (2) pouring the aerated bacterial liquid into an organic fertilizer material for fully mixing; (3) sealing the mixed fertilizer in the step (2) for anaerobic fermentation; 3-7 days at an average temperature of above 22 ℃, 10-22 ℃ at an average temperature, finishing the preparation in 7-14 days, and finishing in 14-30 days at an average temperature of 0-10 ℃, wherein the surface of the organic fertilizer is covered by hypha; (4) and (3) adding the organic fertilizer subjected to anaerobic fermentation in the step (3) into an anaerobic fermentation tank (1), adding water into a stirring rod, mixing, and performing sealed fermentation to obtain fermentation liquor.
4. The biofilm organic hydroponic growing system of claim 3, wherein: adding the fermented fertilizer and water into an anaerobic fermentation tank (1) in a ratio of 1:20 for liquid anaerobic fermentation, automatically setting a switch to stir for 15 minutes every 1 hour 3 days after the start of the anaerobic fermentation, starting the anaerobic fermentation, sealing the tank body during the fermentation, and additionally arranging an exhaust hole; fermenting at 25 deg.C or higher for 2 weeks in summer and at 5 deg.C or higher for 4 weeks in winter to obtain fermentation liquid; the ammonia nitrogen concentration of the fermentation liquor is more than 1500 ppm.
5. The method of operating a biofilm organic hydroponic growing system of claim 1, wherein: step one, starting a system ecological ring, culturing a bacterial colony: from the anaerobic fermentation tank (1), the fermentation liquid at the upper part is mixed in a ratio of 1: filling the bacteria culture tank (2) at a ratio of 100/day, and aerating for 1 week; starting a water pump of the water storage tank (3), starting water feeding of the bacteria culture tank (2), and when the bacteria culture tank (2) is filled with water, the bacterial colonies flow into the mycoderm sedimentation tank (4) along with water flow and are accumulated at the bottom of the mycoderm sedimentation tank (4); when the MLSS of the bacterial membrane sedimentation tank (4) reaches more than 1500mg/L, the mixed solution of bacteria and water in the bacterial membrane sedimentation tank is pumped into a water storage tank (3); secondly, circulating system water: the water pump in the water storage tank (3) is connected with the vegetable cultivation bed (5), water flows into the vegetable cultivation bed (5) from the water storage tank (3), the outlet of the water is arranged at the bottom of the tail end of the vegetable cultivation bed (5), and finally the water flows back to the water storage tank (3).
6. The method of claim 5 wherein the biofilm organic hydroponic growing system comprises: and a third step of maintaining the nutrient supply of the system and the nutrient supply of the fungus mass and vegetables: adding the fermentation liquor into a water storage tank (3) at a ratio of the fermentation liquor to the total water amount of the system of not more than 1: 200/day every day; the target ammonia nitrogen content of the water in the water storage tank (3) is between 0.5mg/L and 2mg/L, the nitrite content is between 0mg/L and 2mg/L, the nitrate content is between 5mg/L and 200mg/L, and the pH value is between 6 and 7.
7. The method of claim 5 wherein the biofilm organic hydroponic growing system comprises: the vegetable cultivation bed (5) is formed by connecting planting water tanks in parallel, each planting water tank comprises a cuboid frame, four sides and the bottom of each planting water tank are filled with polystyrene through extrusion molding, waterproof cloth of food grade is paved inside each planting water tank, and an air pipe is installed at the bottom of each planting water tank to connect a turbine type air pump and an aeration stone.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201910531856.4A CN110301338B (en) | 2019-06-19 | 2019-06-19 | Biological film organic hydroponic planting system and operation method thereof |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201910531856.4A CN110301338B (en) | 2019-06-19 | 2019-06-19 | Biological film organic hydroponic planting system and operation method thereof |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN110301338A CN110301338A (en) | 2019-10-08 |
| CN110301338B true CN110301338B (en) | 2021-11-26 |
Family
ID=68076196
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201910531856.4A Active CN110301338B (en) | 2019-06-19 | 2019-06-19 | Biological film organic hydroponic planting system and operation method thereof |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN110301338B (en) |
Citations (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| KR20090088474A (en) * | 2008-02-15 | 2009-08-20 | 최경태 | A vegetable sprouts culture equipment and a fermentation broth production method using former the equipment |
| CN104585108A (en) * | 2015-02-27 | 2015-05-06 | 姚力元 | High-density fish and vegetable co-existing system |
| CN204824531U (en) * | 2015-07-20 | 2015-12-02 | 浙江天乙环保科技有限公司 | Ammonia nitrogen wastewater processing system |
| CN105557482A (en) * | 2014-10-17 | 2016-05-11 | 孙汇鑫 | Method for forming microbial flora in water and cultivation application of microbial flora |
| CN106966803A (en) * | 2017-04-11 | 2017-07-21 | 山东博华高效生态农业科技有限公司 | A kind of preparation method of fertilizer special for leafy vegetables |
| CN108640274A (en) * | 2018-04-09 | 2018-10-12 | 中国航天员科研训练中心 | A kind of waste water circulation utilized device of integrated plant culture |
| CN109258545A (en) * | 2018-09-15 | 2019-01-25 | 付为森 | A kind of closed loop fish and vegetable symbiotic system |
Family Cites Families (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| KR100311758B1 (en) * | 1999-05-13 | 2001-11-14 | 구본탁 | Bioconversion apparatus and process of the various high-concentrated organic waste using semi-continuous liquid fermentation |
| CN107244739A (en) * | 2017-08-03 | 2017-10-13 | 湖南艾布鲁环保科技有限公司 | A kind of Ecosystem restoration system of agricultural non-point source pollution farmland tail water |
| CN107603909A (en) * | 2017-09-30 | 2018-01-19 | 河北天泓环保科技有限公司 | Sewage treatment microbial inoculant and its application method |
| CN107879774A (en) * | 2017-11-08 | 2018-04-06 | 常州文诺纺织品有限公司 | A kind of preparation method of biological decomposing agent |
| CN108285862A (en) * | 2018-04-18 | 2018-07-17 | 中国农业科学院农业资源与农业区划研究所 | Microbial ferment device |
| CN108575866A (en) * | 2018-05-23 | 2018-09-28 | 陈知雨 | A kind of fish and vegetable symbiotic system |
| CN109287552A (en) * | 2018-10-21 | 2019-02-01 | 浙江海洋大学 | A kind of fish and vegetable symbiotic water purification system of drip irrigation type |
-
2019
- 2019-06-19 CN CN201910531856.4A patent/CN110301338B/en active Active
Patent Citations (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| KR20090088474A (en) * | 2008-02-15 | 2009-08-20 | 최경태 | A vegetable sprouts culture equipment and a fermentation broth production method using former the equipment |
| CN105557482A (en) * | 2014-10-17 | 2016-05-11 | 孙汇鑫 | Method for forming microbial flora in water and cultivation application of microbial flora |
| CN104585108A (en) * | 2015-02-27 | 2015-05-06 | 姚力元 | High-density fish and vegetable co-existing system |
| CN204824531U (en) * | 2015-07-20 | 2015-12-02 | 浙江天乙环保科技有限公司 | Ammonia nitrogen wastewater processing system |
| CN106966803A (en) * | 2017-04-11 | 2017-07-21 | 山东博华高效生态农业科技有限公司 | A kind of preparation method of fertilizer special for leafy vegetables |
| CN108640274A (en) * | 2018-04-09 | 2018-10-12 | 中国航天员科研训练中心 | A kind of waste water circulation utilized device of integrated plant culture |
| CN109258545A (en) * | 2018-09-15 | 2019-01-25 | 付为森 | A kind of closed loop fish and vegetable symbiotic system |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN110301338A (en) | 2019-10-08 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| CN103190330B (en) | Soilless biogas slurry cultivation method of water spinach | |
| CN103951515B (en) | A kind of ecological agriculture cultivating soil, its preparation method and application thereof | |
| CN102925358B (en) | Microbial agent and application of same in saline land improvement | |
| US20030066322A1 (en) | Microbiologically accelerated humus and method and apparatus for producing same | |
| CN108633650B (en) | Biogas slurry, water and fertilizer integrated safe application method of watermelons and muskmelons | |
| CN101811903A (en) | Novel organic substrate and preparation method thereof | |
| CN102224784B (en) | Chemical and biological combined soil remediation method of banana wasteland | |
| CN105284718B (en) | A kind of mountain area in northwest Hunan province zoology breeding method and pattern | |
| US8919282B2 (en) | System and method for continuous vermiculture cycle | |
| CN107162739A (en) | The production method of earthworm excrement base biological organic fertilizer | |
| CN102584368A (en) | Novel carnation seedling culturing substrate and preparation method thereof | |
| CN104261983A (en) | Method for preparing culture substrate | |
| CN110122023B (en) | Method for biotransformation of cow breeding manure waste liquid by combining earthworm and edible fungus residue and compounding synergistic fertilizer | |
| CN108358692A (en) | It is a kind of to utilize liquid fertilizer of livestock and poultry feces and preparation method thereof and its application process | |
| CN103828509A (en) | Rapid and effective soil improvement method | |
| CN106892743A (en) | A kind of biogas slurry, the processing method of liquid dung | |
| CN107306780A (en) | A kind of cultivation matrix of vegetables and preparation method thereof and cultural method | |
| CN101935244B (en) | Salt fertilization of water hyacinth fermentation liquor and application thereof | |
| CN105060648B (en) | Industrial circulating water fish culture denitrogenation Zero discharging system | |
| CN104381109A (en) | Greenhouse vegetable soil-free cultivation technique | |
| CN109511611A (en) | The method starched fast numerous earthworm using separation of solid and liquid cow dung and excrement and produce high-quality earthworm excrement | |
| CN213416690U (en) | Vegetable straw and livestock and poultry manure on-site treatment system | |
| CN107258649A (en) | A kind of fish dish three-dimensional breeding system | |
| CN110301338B (en) | Biological film organic hydroponic planting system and operation method thereof | |
| CN109430120A (en) | Mangrove area cultivates mudskipper method using marine culture wastewater |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant |