CN110301085A - 半壳构造形式的用于电机的壳体及其生产方法 - Google Patents

半壳构造形式的用于电机的壳体及其生产方法 Download PDF

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CN110301085A
CN110301085A CN201880012136.0A CN201880012136A CN110301085A CN 110301085 A CN110301085 A CN 110301085A CN 201880012136 A CN201880012136 A CN 201880012136A CN 110301085 A CN110301085 A CN 110301085A
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housing parts
shell
plastic layer
metal plate
function element
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洛塔尔·帕特博格
法比安·森根
安德列亚斯·沃尔特
菲利普·戈鲁登
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ThyssenKrupp Steel Europe AG
ThyssenKrupp AG
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    • B32B15/00—Layered products comprising a layer of metal
    • B32B15/04—Layered products comprising a layer of metal comprising metal as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material
    • B32B15/08—Layered products comprising a layer of metal comprising metal as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material of synthetic resin
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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Abstract

本发明涉及一种用于电机的壳体和一种用于由至少两个壳体部件(4.1,4.2)制造电机壳体的方法，所述壳体部件分别覆盖外周的至少一部分。壳体部件(4.1,4.2)中的至少一个通过至少一次成形由金属板(5)制成，并且该金属板(5)在成形之前至少部分地设置有塑料层(6)。

Description

半壳构造形式的用于电机的壳体及其生产方法
技术领域
在电机领域，特别是电动机领域，例如用于车辆驱动装置或机器驱动装置，通常使用金属外壳。这里，常用铝制铸造壳体。
背景技术
WO 2007/051684 A1公开了一种电动机，其包括两个杯状壳体，这两个壳体中的一个被推到另一个上，其中用于形成冷却通道的套管插入壳体之间。在这种情况下，需要高的组装花费，并且壳体占电动机重量的比例很高。
发明内容
因此，本发明的目的是提供一种减重的、电机或电动机的壳体，其能够以有利的方式制造并且能够容易地组装。
本发明的其他目的是改善电磁屏蔽并降低所谓的NVH特性(噪声，振动，声振粗糙度)，即改善声学特性和结构噪声振动。
该目的通过根据权利要求8的特征的用于电机，例如电动机，发电机等的壳体来实现，其根据符合权利要求1的特征的方法制造。
根据本发明，用于由至少两个分别覆盖外周的至少一部分的壳体部件制造用于电机的壳体的方法的特征在于，所述壳体部件中的至少一个由金属板通过至少一个成形生产，并且在成形操作之前，期间或之后，金属板至少部分地设有塑料层。这里，壳体部件以这样的方式制造，即其形成电动机壳体的外周的至少一部分，并因此覆盖电动机定子的至少一部分。为此，使用金属板，尤其是钢板，其至少在一侧至少部分地设置有塑料层。在本发明的其他设计方案中，金属板，特别是钢板，代替部分涂覆，也可以完全涂覆有塑料层。随后将涂覆的板成形为壳体部件的形状，尤其是通过深冲，压制，冲压和/或弯曲过程，其中其包括随后电动机壳体的外周面的至少一部分，以及优选电动机壳体的至少一个端面的至少一部分。
在优选实施例中，壳体部件覆盖外周的均匀区域，尤其是分别120°或180°，由此可以利用对称性，并且组件数量和变体数量，即不同组件的数量，可以保持得较小。
在替代性的优选实施例中，对外周区域的超过180°的至少部分覆盖是优选的，只要开口的剩余净宽度对应于定子的直径或者定子可以通过壳体部件的纯弹性变形插入。由此可以简化定子的组装和定位。
该方法的其他实施方案的特征在于，在成形之前，期间或之后，将功能元件施加到塑料层上。功能元件也由塑料材料制成，优选地由与塑料层相同或相似的塑料制成，尤其是热塑性塑料，优选聚酰胺，例如PA，PA6，PA66，PA610，或者替代性的PES，PEI，PPSU和PPS以及纤维增强塑料材料，由此简化了与塑料层的连接，并实现了所需的耐温性。例如，该施加可以通过注塑，层压，压塑，铺设胶带或预制的模制部件进行，所述模制部件是粘接或焊接的。对于在金属板不需成形或者仅仅需要略微成形的区域中的功能元件来说，例如止挡件，锁定元件或辅助定位装置，施加优选在成形之前进行，尤其是当其设置在内侧时，因为由此简化了生产。对于功能元件来讲，例如增强件，轴承或支撑元件，其形状在成形之后才产生，或为了加强壳体部件而在成形之后进行施加。
其他根据本发明的方法的特征在于，在成形之前，期间或之后，功能元件与塑料层一起在一个方法步骤中一体地施加。通过同时进行施加，减少了所需的生产步骤并确保了功能元件的可靠连接。
该方法的优选实施例的特征在于，功能元件包含调温单元。调温单元可以构造为冷却通道，导热元件，例如颗粒，热管等，或冷却肋。为了确保电机的充分冷却，电机壳体的壳体部件例如设置有作为功能元件的冷却通道。冷却通道可以装配在壳体部件的内侧和/或外侧上或者与塑料层一起装配。
在本发明的实施例中，该方法的特征在于，在壳体部件上，通过成形和/或施加到金属板上来制造用于将壳体部件彼此连接的凸缘状连接区域。为了将单独的壳体部件连接成壳体，壳体部件之间的连接优选地通过凸缘连接产生，通过该凸缘连接，这些部分彼此连接，由其是彼此旋紧。在优选实施形式中，在连接期间，壳体部件彼此接触的面中的至少一个包括塑料层或由塑料形成。换句话说，凸缘区域成形为使得塑料层位于待形成的凸缘连接内，或凸缘作为应连接至金属板上的功能元件。通过在凸缘连接中布置塑料，壳体部件的金属部件彼此分开，由此在机械振动方面，实现了更好的去耦或缓冲，并因此改善了声学特性。
在其他实施形式中，该方法的特征在于至少区域性地将额外的金属件施加到塑料层的面上。这里，额外的金属部件可以用于局部加强，用于调温或屏蔽，或者还可以例如设置为电机的短路环。
该方法的其他设计方案的特征在于，金属板由多个相对于彼此电绝缘的金属层形成。由此减小了例如由涡流引起的损耗，并且改善了电磁屏蔽和机械/声学缓冲。
所有实施形式的共同之处在于，金属板优选由钢，尤其由低渗透性钢材料(根据标准SEW 390)，优选奥氏体高Mn钢，X-IP钢和CrNi钢组成。
涉及根据本发明的方法的上述实施形式也可以以类似的方式用于制得的根据本发明的用于电机的壳体。
根据本发明的用于电机的壳体包括至少一个通过上述方法制造的壳体部件，其特征在于，壳体部件包括连接区域并且由金属板组成，并且金属板至少部分地包括塑料层。这里，所有壳体部件可以使用根据本发明的方法制造，或者根据本发明的壳体部件也可以与不同方式生产的壳体部件或者相应的机器或设备部件连接以形成根据本发明的电机壳体。
壳体的实施形式的特征在于壳体部件包括设置在塑料层上的功能元件。这些功能元件可以是轴承位置，止挡件，辅助定位装置，调温单元(例如冷却通道)等。
在其他实施形式中，根据本发明的电动机壳体的特征在于，塑料层和功能元件一件式构造。
壳体的其他实施形式的特征在于，连接区域形成为凸缘，其中塑料层和/或相应壳体部件的功能元件彼此连接。壳体部件之间的接触由此通过至少一个塑料层进行或通过构造为塑料凸缘的功能元件进行。
壳体的实施形式的特征在于，功能元件包括至少一个调温单元。
壳体的其他实施形式的特征在于，至少区域性地在塑料层的面上设置额外的金属部件。
在其他实施形式中，电动机壳体的特征还在于，金属板由多个相对于彼此电绝缘的金属层形成。
通过薄钢板，特别是具有低渗透性的奥氏体钢的实施形式，产生了良好的电磁屏蔽，并且其可以通过额外的金属部件和/或包括多个彼此电绝缘的金属层的结构得以改进。通过相应良好的屏蔽，能源电子装置的部件可以安装在壳体的外侧，这在现有技术中，在高功率密度下通常是不可能的。
附图说明
下面将参考示意图更详细地解释本发明，其中相同的部件具有相同的附图标记。具体地：
图1示出了根据本发明的电动机的实施例的局部剖视透视图，
图2示出了定子端部区域中壳体部件外周的细节图。
具体实施方式
图1示出了电动机根据本发明的示意性示出的实施例。电动机包括连接到转子(2)的电动机轴(1)，其中转子(2)被定子(3)包围。在所示的示例中，电动机壳体由三个部件组成，其中根据本发明的两个壳体部件(4.1,4.2)与轴承罩相结合，该轴承罩触及电动机的端侧。壳体部件(4.1,4.2)在该实施例中以相同且对称的方式形成并且分别围绕电动机的180°的圆周角并且一起形成罐状壳体。两个壳体部件(4.1,4.2)通过凸缘状连接区域(8.1)相互连接。通过凸缘(8.2)，在该视图中未示出的轴承罩与壳体部件(4.1,4.2)相连。
在该实施例中，壳体部件(4.1,4.2)在整个表面上设有塑料层(6)。在凸缘状连接区域(8.1)中，两个壳体部件(4.1,4.2)通过该塑料层(6)彼此接触。功能元件(7)设置在壳体部件(4.1,4.2)的内周表面上。
图2中示出了根据本发明的电动机的外周区域在定子(3)的端部区域中的放大的详细图示。壳体部件包括金属板(5)。在该实例中，塑料层和功能元件一件式形成。定子被作为功能元件的冷却通道(7.1)包围，并且通过作为附加功能元件的止挡件(7.2)简化了其定位。
本发明的不同特征可以彼此自由组合，并且不仅限于所说明或示出的实施形式的实例。由此，与示例性图示相反，也可以在壳体部件的外侧或两侧上设置塑料层和功能元件。
附图标记说明
1 电动机轴
2 转子
3 定子
4.1,4.2 壳体部件
5 金属板
6 塑料层
7 功能元件
7.1 冷却通道
7.2 止挡件
8.1 凸缘状连接区域
8.2 凸缘

Claims (14)

1.用于由至少两个壳体部件(4.1,4.2)制造电机壳体的方法，所述壳体部件分别覆盖外周的至少一部分，其特征在于，所述壳体部件(4.1,4.2)中的至少一个通过至少一次成形由金属板(5)制成，并且所述金属板(5)在成形之前至少部分地设置有塑料层(6)。
2.根据权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于，在成形之前，期间或之后，将功能元件(7,7.1,7.2)施加到所述塑料层(6)上。
3.根据权利要求2所述的方法，其特征在于，在成形之前，将所述功能元件(7,7.1,7.2)与所述塑料层(6)一起在一个方法步骤中一体地施加。
4.根据权利要求2或3所述的方法，其特征在于，所述功能元件(7,7.1,7.2)设置有调温单元(7.1)。
5.根据前述权利要求中任意一项所述的方法，其特征在于，在所述壳体部件(4.1,4.2)上，通过成形和/或施加到金属板(5)上来制造用于将所述壳体部件(4.1,4.2)彼此连接的凸缘状连接区域(8.1)。
6.根据前述权利要求中任意一项所述的方法，其特征在于，至少区域性地将额外的金属件施加到塑料层(6)的面上。
7.根据前述权利要求中任意一项所述的方法，其特征在于，金属板(5)由多个相对于彼此电绝缘的金属层形成。
8.用于电机的壳体，所述壳体包括至少一个通过权利要求1至7中任一项所述方法制造的壳体部件(4.1,4.2)，其特征在于，所述壳体部件(4.1,4.2)包括凸缘状连接区域(8.1)并且由金属板(5)组成，并且所述金属板(5)至少部分地包括塑料层(6)。
9.根据权利要求8所述的壳体，其特征在于，所述壳体部件(4.1,4.2)包括设置在塑料层(6)上的功能元件(7,7.1,7.2)。
10.根据权利要求9所述的壳体，其特征在于，所述塑料层(6)和功能元件(7,7.1,7.2)一件式构造。
11.根据权利要求8至10中任意一项所述的壳体，其特征在于，所述凸缘状连接区域(8.1)形成为凸缘，其中所述塑料层(6)和/或相应壳体部件(4.1,4.2)的功能元件(7,7.1,7.2)彼此连接。
12.根据权利要求8至11中任意一项所述的壳体，其特征在于，所述功能元件(7,7.1,7.2)包括至少一个调温单元(7.1)。
13.根据权利要求8至12中任意一项所述的壳体，其特征在于，至少区域性地在所述塑料层(6)的面上设置额外的金属部件。
14.根据权利要求8至13中任意一项所述的壳体，其特征在于，所述金属板(5)由多个相对于彼此电绝缘的金属层形成。
CN201880012136.0A 2017-02-15 2018-02-12 半壳构造形式的用于电机的壳体及其生产方法 Pending CN110301085A (zh)

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