CN110293717B - 一种增强TiNi层状复合材料及其制备方法 - Google Patents

一种增强TiNi层状复合材料及其制备方法 Download PDF

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CN110293717B
CN110293717B CN201910458888.6A CN201910458888A CN110293717B CN 110293717 B CN110293717 B CN 110293717B CN 201910458888 A CN201910458888 A CN 201910458888A CN 110293717 B CN110293717 B CN 110293717B
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王玉山
张兵
张东
刘世和
陈兴纲
李芬霞
卢苏君
陈国举
孙渊君
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种增强TiNi层状复合材料及其制备方法，属于异种材料复合技术加工领域。针对目前Ti/Ni层状复合材料力学性能差等问题，本发明以纯钛、纯镍为原材料，分别对钛板和纯镍板进行表面预处理，然后以Ti/Ni/Ti方式交替叠层顺序放置，经后续的轧制复合+热处理工艺，制备出力学性能优异的Ti/Ni层状复合材料。本发明制备工艺简单、成本低、力学性能优异。

Description

一种增强TiNi层状复合材料及其制备方法
技术领域
本发明属于异种材料复合技术加工领域，涉及一种增强TiNi层状复合材料及其制备方法。
背景技术
Ti/Ni层状复合材料作为一种新型功能材料，在航空航天、化工、能源、军事、医疗等领域有着广泛用途，其使用价值不仅体现在高比强度，耐磨性和耐蚀性能优异，疲劳强度高，还具有形状记忆效应（SME）和超弹性（SE），以及良好的生物相容性等优点。但目前市面上存在的Ti/Ni复合材料界面结合状态不理想导致结合性能降低等问题。
发明内容
本发明针对上述情况问题，提供一种增强TiNi层状复合材料的制备方法。
本发明的技术方案：一种增强TiNi层状复合材料，界面相由基体Ti、Ni和中间相TixNiy构成。
进一步的是，上下表面均为金属钛层，中间层为TixNiy/Ni/ TixNiy……交替叠层顺序。
一种增强TiNi层状复合材料的制备方法，
（1）选用完全退火态的纯钛板与冷轧态的纯镍板，对其进行表面预处理；
（2）把纯钛板与纯镍板以Ti/Ni/Ti的顺序叠放，使之在轧制前端形成坡口，之后在坡口端用铆钉进行铆接；
（3）将叠放好的物料放入到真空或氩气保护的热处理炉中，在400~500℃保温8~10min；
（4）物料从热处理炉取出后，立即以单道次45~60%压下量轧制，之后将得到的复合板沿轧制方向从中间一分为二，向前一道次的板材中加入金属镍板，继续重复上述（1）~（4）实验步骤5~10次；
（5）将轧制后的复合板置于真空或氩气保护的热处理炉中，在550~880℃下保温1h～30h后，然后采用空冷或随炉冷却，即得到Ti/TixNiy/Ni/TixNiy……层状复合材料。
优选的是，纯钛板初始厚度为≤3.0mm，纯镍板初始厚度为≤3.0mm。
步骤（1）表面预处理具体是将钛、镍板材接触表面制成锯齿状，然后放在盛有丙酮的烧杯中超声波清洗20~30min，再使用化学浸泡法去除其表面的金属氧化物，之后使用无水乙醇清洗表面。
用铣床或车床将钛、镍板材接触表面制成锯齿状。
本发明的有益效果：1）本发明采用轧制复合技术，通过多道次轧制复合，再结合中间道次去应力退火及后续热处理工艺，可有效控制界面相的生成，获得综合性能优异的Ti/TixNiy/Ni/TixNiy……层状复合材料。2）层与层之间经过轧制复合、接触表面预处理及中间去应力退火及后续热处理，改善界面结合状态，使得界面结合强度提高。3）选用工业纯钛、纯镍为原材料，减少杂质元素对其界面结合状态及界面生成相的影响，使得本发明生产的的复合板具有优异的力学性能，因而获得广阔的应用前景及市场。4）本发明制备工艺简单、成本低、加热均匀，操作过程易于控制，生产效率高。
附图说明
图1为轧制坡口示意图；
图2 为钛板、镍板的预处理接触面状况示意图；
图3为Ti/TixNiy/Ni/TixNiy……层状复合材料形貌图；
图4为实例中拉伸试样形状尺寸示意图；
图5为实例1中拉伸试样应力-应变曲线；
图6为实例2中拉伸试样应力-应变曲线；
图7 为轧制复合工艺示意图。
具体实施方式
实例1：本实例提供一种增强Ti/Ni层状复合材料，是通过以下步骤获得：
（1）取尺寸为0.7mm(h)×75mm(b)×100mm(l)的纯钛板2块、镍板1块。对其进行表面预处理，用铣床或车床将钛、镍板材接触表面制成锯齿状（见图2），然后放在盛有丙酮的烧杯中超声波清洗30min，再使用化学浸泡法去除其表面的金属氧化物，之后使用无水乙醇清洗表面，待无水乙醇挥发，然后以Ti/Ni/Ti结构顺序叠放在一起。
（2）将上述叠放好的试样放入到以氩气为保护的热处理炉中在500℃保温10min，然后立即以50%压下量进行单道次轧制复合，轧制后，异种金属间相的厚度在微米级别，由原先的Ti/Ni/Ti转变为Ti/TixNiy/Ni/TixNiy/Ti。再将得到后的复合板沿轧制方向从中间一分为二，向第1次道次的板材中加入金属镍板（Ti/TixNiy/Ni/TixNiy/Ti/Ni/ Ti/TixNiy/Ni/TixNiy/Ti），继续重复上述表面处理、一分为二等步骤5~10次。工艺图见图7所示。
将步骤2得到的第5道次复合板切成如图4所示的拉伸试样，之后在有氩气保护的热处理炉中在650℃下保温2h，采用空冷的冷却方式，进行拉伸试验测得应力-应变曲线如图5所示。
实例2：将步骤2所得第6道次复合板切成如图4所示的拉伸试样，之后在有氩气保护的热处理炉中在650℃保温4h，采用空冷的冷却方式，进行拉伸试验测得应力-应变曲线如图6所示。
从图5、图6上看，采用本发明制备的Ti/Ni层状复合材料力学性能明显优于未采用本实例的产品，从而说明本发明可以显著增强层状复合材料界面结合性能进而提高其力学性能。

Claims (3)

1.一种增强TiNi层状复合材料的制备方法，该增强TiNi层状复合材料上下表面均为金属钛层，中间层为TixNiy/Ni/ TixNiy……交替叠层顺序，其特征是：
（1）选用完全退火态的纯钛板与冷轧态的纯镍板，对其进行表面预处理；预处理具体是将钛、镍板材接触表面制成锯齿状，然后放在盛有丙酮的烧杯中超声波清洗20~30min，再使用化学浸泡法去除其表面的金属氧化物，之后使用无水乙醇清洗表面；
（2）把纯钛板与纯镍板以Ti/Ni/Ti的顺序叠放，使之在轧制前端形成坡口，之后在坡口端用铆钉进行铆接；
（3）将叠放好的物料放入到真空或氩气保护的热处理炉中，在400~500℃保温8~10min；
（4）物料从热处理炉取出后，立即以单道次45~60%压下量轧制，之后将得到的复合板沿轧制方向从中间一分为二，向前一道次的板材中加入金属镍板，继续重复上述（1）~（4）实验步骤5~10次；
（5）将轧制后的复合板置于真空或氩气保护的热处理炉中，在550~880℃下保温1h～30h后，然后采用空冷或随炉冷却，即得到Ti/TixNiy/Ni/TixNiy……层状复合材料。
2.如权利要求1所述的一种增强TiNi层状复合材料的制备方法，其特征是：纯钛板初始厚度为≤3.0mm，纯镍板初始厚度为≤3.0mm。
3.如权利要求1所述的一种增强TiNi层状复合材料的制备方法，其特征是：用铣床或车床将钛、镍板材接触表面制成锯齿状。
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CN110842022B (zh) * 2019-12-06 2021-02-26 东北大学 一种记忆合金纳米叠层Ni/Ti预制坯的制备方法
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