CN110293325A - A kind of slab laser cutting method - Google Patents

A kind of slab laser cutting method Download PDF

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Publication number
CN110293325A
CN110293325A CN201910688542.5A CN201910688542A CN110293325A CN 110293325 A CN110293325 A CN 110293325A CN 201910688542 A CN201910688542 A CN 201910688542A CN 110293325 A CN110293325 A CN 110293325A
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China
Prior art keywords
cutting
laser
laser cutting
turning
cut
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CN201910688542.5A
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CN110293325B (en
Inventor
戴家辉
张明军
陈顺
吴杰
曹太山
李清河
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Wuxi Liyang Laser Technology Co ltd
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Changsha University of Science and Technology
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23KSOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K26/00Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
    • B23K26/12Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring in a special atmosphere, e.g. in an enclosure
    • B23K26/123Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring in a special atmosphere, e.g. in an enclosure in an atmosphere of particular gases
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23KSOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K26/00Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
    • B23K26/36Removing material
    • B23K26/38Removing material by boring or cutting
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23KSOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K26/00Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
    • B23K26/70Auxiliary operations or equipment

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
  • Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Laser Beam Processing (AREA)

Abstract

The present invention relates to a kind of slab laser cutting methods, it is characterised in that: step 1: electromagnetic coil is fixed on laser cutting head, it can be mobile with laser cutting head;Step 2: workplace vertical to be cut is placed and fixed;Step 3: defining turning cutting in laser cutting track and introduce section and draw section;Step 4: starting laser cutting system opens cutting auxiliary gas, starts electromagnetism field ionization source, and laser beam vertically irradiates workpiece surface to be cut, realizes slab laser cutting;Step 5: when laser beam, which is moved to turning cutting, introduces section starting point, adjusting electromagnetism field ionization source, start corner region cutting;Step 6: when laser beam, which is moved to turning cutting, draws section terminating point, adjusting electromagnetism field ionization source, terminate corner region cutting;Step 7: when reaching incision tip point, closing laser generator, close electromagnetism field ionization source, close cutting auxiliary gas, complete cutting process.Compared with the existing technology, the present invention has good cutting effect.

Description

A kind of slab laser cutting method
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of methods that laser cutting method more particularly to a kind of slab are cut by laser.
Background technique
Currently, laser cutting technique is on a large scale in panel beating, metallurgical equipment, engineering machinery, accurate accessory, technique gift The numerous areas application such as product, household electrical appliance.Laser cut metal traditional at present is mainly using the light utilized in cutting head System, which converges to material surface, makes its thawing, and realizes cutting by providing auxiliary gas blasting's melted material.But in benefit When being cut by laser thick stainless steel plate with optical fiber, is intensively being accumulated in corner's laser energy, be easy to causeing corner " inverse Spray " phenomenon, causes cutting that can not carry out.
It was announced on May 07th, 2014, publication No. is " 103771694 A of CN ", entitled " laser cutting side The patent of invention of method and diced system " discloses the laser cutting method and diced system of a kind of glass substrate, the cutting Method is by way of the external formation cutting auxiliary line in cutting line, to increase when laser cutting forms cutting line to substrate Stress rupture point, convenient for after substrate cut segmentation with separate, but there are still problems for this method: cutting when using pulse laser Or laser cutting power is lower, formed cutting line cannot be such that substrate separates well.
It was announced on May 25th, 2016, publication No. is " 103906597 B of CN ", entitled " laser cutting side The patent of invention of method and cutter device " discloses laser cutting method and cutter device, in laser cutting, fires cutting Gas flows around laser beam, by be irradiated to the laser beam of machined material energy and machined material and cutting combustion gas The energy of oxidation reaction melt machined material, molten metal is discharged by the kinetic energy of cutting gas, but the party There are still problems for method: machined material transition melting, to be difficult to ensure desired workpiece shapes near cutting terminal Situation.
Disclosed on 01 04th, 2019, Publication No. " 109128502 A of CN ", a kind of entitled " rotation The patent of invention of electricity-field synchronous auxiliary laser welding device " discloses a kind of electric rotating-field synchronous auxiliary laser weldering The device connect, it is easy, quickly and intensity size continuously adjusts that rotating excitation field and steady electric field can be achieved in the present invention, and protects Electric, magnetic field moving synchronously with welding laser beam is demonstrate,proved, then by the way that reasonable power, focal length, defocusing amount, helium-atmosphere gas is arranged The laser technical parameters such as flow, to improve laser weld forming quality.
Summary of the invention
There is molten metal present invention aim to address laser cutting slab corner and " inverse spray " phenomenon occurs upwards, causes The problem of continuing cutting can not.
The technical solution of the present invention is to provide a kind of slab laser cutting methods, it is characterised in that:
Step 1: electromagnetic coil is fixed on laser cutting head, it can be mobile with laser cutting head.
Step 2: workplace vertical to be cut is placed and fixed.
Step 3: defining turning cutting in laser cutting track and introduce section and draw section.
Step 4: starting laser cutting system opens cutting auxiliary gas, starts electromagnetism field ionization source, laser beam vertically irradiates Workpiece surface to be cut realizes slab laser cutting.
Step 5: when laser beam, which is moved to turning cutting, introduces section starting point, adjusting electromagnetism field ionization source, start corner regions Domain cutting.
Step 6: when laser beam, which is moved to turning cutting, draws section terminating point, adjusting electromagnetism field ionization source, terminate corner regions Domain cutting.
Step 7: when reaching incision tip point, closing laser generator, close electromagnetism field ionization source, close cutting auxiliary gas Body completes cutting process.
Further, in step 2, workpiece to be cut is stainless steel plate.
Further, thickness of workpiece to be cut is 15 ~ 30 mm.
Further, in step 3, workpiece turning to be cut form is circular arc or straight line intersection turning.
Further, in step 3, it is one section of straight cuts area that turning terminating point starts that turning cutting, which introduces section,.
Further, turning cutting introduces segment length d1For 10 ~ 30 mm.
Further, in step 3, it is one section of straight cuts area apart from turning starting point that section is drawn in turning cutting.
Further, segment length d is drawn in turning cutting2For 10 ~ 20 mm.
Further, in step 4, cutting auxiliary gas selects nitrogen, and purity is 99.999 %.
Further, cutting auxiliary gas pressure is 1.5 ~ 3 MPa.
Further, in step 4, start electromagnetism field ionization source, the electromagnetic field size that electromagnetic coil generates is 0.1 ~ 1 T.
Further, in steps of 5, electromagnetism field ionization source is adjusted, so that the electromagnetic field size that electromagnetic coil generates increases.
Further, electromagnetic field size is 0.5 ~ 5 T.
Further, in step 6, electromagnetism field ionization source is adjusted, so that the electromagnetic field size that electromagnetic coil generates reduces.
Further, electromagnetic field size is 0.1 ~ 1 T.
The beneficial effects of the present invention are:
1) in the present invention, by the way that electromagnetic field is added in laser cutting process, one can be provided to laser cutting molten metal A external force to emission direction --- Lorentz force, so be cut by laser flowing from region molten metal to emission direction more added with Sequence, particularly the flowing of slab corner cutting region molten metal, which is effectively controlled, realizes olderly flowage, to substantially improve It is cut by laser thick plates cutting effect, avoids corner's molten metal " inverse spray " phenomenon.
2) biggish external force in the present invention, is provided for cutting region molten metal by way of applying electromagnetic field, It can reduce laser power and protective gas consumption, reduce operating cost.
3) big using the method for the invention progress slab corner rate of cutting, improve cutting efficiency.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is slab corner cutting region schematic diagram.
Fig. 2 is slab corner conventional laser cutting process schematic diagram.
Fig. 3 is slab laser cutting process schematic diagram of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is one cutting path schematic diagram of specific embodiment.
Fig. 5 is two cutting path schematic diagram of specific embodiment.
Wherein: 1, laser cutting head, 2, laser beam, 3, Lorentz force direction, 4, coaxial shielding gas body, 5, slot, 6, molten Pond, 7, workpiece to be cut, 8, electromagnetic coil, 9, inverse spray molten metal, 10, plasma, 11, turning cutting introducing section starting Point, 12, turning starting point, 13, turning terminating point, 14, turning cutting extraction section terminating point, 15, electromagnetism field ionization source.
Specific embodiment 1:
Technical solution of the present invention is described in detail below with reference to attached drawing 1-4 and specific embodiment.
As shown in Figs 1-4, in the embodiment of the present invention, a kind of slab laser cutting method includes the following steps.
Step 1: electromagnetic coil 8 is fixed on laser cutting head 1, it can be mobile with laser cutting head 1;In this example, electricity The adjustable adjusting range in magnetic field is 0.1 ~ 5 T.
Step 2: workpiece 7 to be cut is placed and fixed vertically;In this example, workpiece to be cut 7 is with a thickness of 15 ~ 30 mm。
Step 3: defining turning cutting in laser cutting track and introduce section and draw section;In this example, workpiece to be cut Turning form is circular arc, and it is one section of straight cuts area apart from turning starting point 12, length d that turning cutting, which introduces section,1For 10 ~ 30 mm, it is one section of straight cuts area that turning terminating point 13 starts, length d that section is drawn in turning cutting2For 10 ~ 20 mm.
Step 4: starting laser cutting system opens cutting auxiliary gas, starts electromagnetism field ionization source 15, and laser beam 2 is vertical Irradiate workpiece surface to be cut;In this example, when starting cut direction and being to cut vertically, adjustment electromagnetic field size is 0.2 ~ 0.3 T, cutting auxiliary gas pressure is 1.5 ~ 3 MPa.
Step 5: when laser beam 2, which is moved to turning cutting, introduces section starting point 12, adjusting electromagnetism field ionization source 15, start to turn Angular zone cutting;In this example, electromagnetism field ionization source 15 is adjusted, so that the electromagnetic field that electromagnetic coil 8 generates increases, electromagnetic field size It is adjusted to 0.5 ~ 1 T.
Step 6: when laser beam 2 is moved to turning cutting terminating point 13, that is, after entering horizontal direction cutting, adjusting electromagnetism Field ionization source 15 terminates corner region cutting;In this example, electromagnetism field ionization source 15 is adjusted, so that the electromagnetic field that electromagnetic coil 8 generates Reduce, electromagnetic field size is adjusted to 0.3 ~ 0.8 T.
Step 7: when reaching incision tip point, closing laser generator, close electromagnetism field ionization source 15, close cutting auxiliary gas Body completes cutting process.
In the present embodiment, by the way that electromagnetic field is added in laser cutting process, laser cutting molten metal can be mentioned For the external force to emission direction --- Lorentz force, so be cut by laser flowing from region molten metal to emission direction more Added with sequence, particularly the flowing of slab corner cutting region molten metal, which is effectively controlled, realizes olderly flowage, thus significantly Improve laser cutting thick plates cutting effect, avoids corner's molten metal " inverse spray " phenomenon.
Specific embodiment 2:
Another embodiment of the invention is described in detail in conjunction with attached drawing 5.
In the embodiment, slab laser cutting method including the following steps:
Step 1: electromagnetic coil 8 is fixed on laser cutting head 1, it can be mobile with laser cutting head 1;In this example, electromagnetic field Adjustable adjusting range is 0.1 ~ 5 T.
Step 2: workpiece 7 to be cut is placed and fixed vertically;In this example, workpiece to be cut 7 is with a thickness of 15 ~ 30 mm。
Step 3: defining turning cutting in laser cutting track and introduce section and draw section;In this example, workpiece to be cut Turning form is straight line intersection turning, and it is one section of straight cuts area apart from turning starting point 11, length that turning cutting, which introduces section, Spend d1For 10 ~ 30 mm, it is one section of straight cuts area that turning terminating point 13 starts, length d that section is drawn in turning cutting2For 10 ~ 20 mm。
Step 4: starting laser cutting system opens cutting auxiliary gas, starts electromagnetism field ionization source 15, and laser beam 2 is vertical Irradiate workpiece surface to be cut;In this example, when starting cut direction and being horizontal resection, adjustment electromagnetic field is 0.3 ~ 0.8 T, Cutting auxiliary gas pressure is 1.5 ~ 3 MPa.
Step 5: when laser beam 2, which is moved to turning cutting, introduces section starting point 12, adjusting electromagnetism field ionization source 15, start to turn Angular zone cutting;In this example, electromagnetism field ionization source 15 is adjusted, so that the electromagnetic field size that electromagnetic coil 8 generates increases, electromagnetic field Size is adjusted to 0.8 ~ 1.2 T.
Step 6: when laser beam 2 is moved to turning cutting terminating point 13, that is, after entering vertical direction cutting, adjusting electromagnetism Field ionization source 15 terminates corner region cutting;In this example, electromagnetism field ionization source 15 is adjusted, so that the electromagnetic field that electromagnetic coil 8 generates Reduce, electromagnetic field size is adjusted to 0.3 ~ 0.5 T.
Step 7: when reaching incision tip point, closing laser generator, close electromagnetism field ionization source 15, close cutting auxiliary gas Body completes cutting process.
Above-described embodiment is common embodiment of the invention, but embodiments of the present invention are not by above-described embodiment Limitation.Other any changes, modifications, substitutions, combinations, simplifications done without departing from spirit of the invention and principle, should all regard It include within that scope of the present invention for equivalent replacement mode.

Claims (8)

1. a kind of slab laser cutting method, it is characterised in that include the following steps:
Step 1: electromagnetic coil (8) is fixed on laser cutting head (1), it can be mobile with laser cutting head (1);
Step 2: workpiece to be cut (7) being placed vertically and fixed;
Step 3: defining turning cutting in laser cutting track and introduce section and draw section;
Step 4: starting laser cutting system is opened cutting auxiliary gas, is started electromagnetism field ionization source (15), laser beam (2) is vertical Workpiece surface to be cut is irradiated, realizes slab laser cutting;
Step 5: when laser beam (2) is moved to (11) when turning cutting introduces section starting point, adjusting electromagnetism field ionization source (15) starts Corner region cutting;
Step 6: when laser beam (2), which is moved to turning cutting, draws section terminating point (14), adjusting electromagnetism field ionization source (15), terminate Corner region cutting;
Step 7: when reaching incision tip point, closing laser generator, close electromagnetism field ionization source (15), close cutting auxiliary gas Body completes cutting process.
2. slab laser cutting method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: in step 1, in laser cutting system, The electromagnetic field size that electromagnetic coil (8) generates is 0.1 ~ 5 T.
3. slab laser cutting method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: in step 2, in laser cutting system, Workpiece (7) to be cut is with a thickness of 15 ~ 30 mm.
4. electromagnetic field auxiliary laser cutting method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: in step 3, laser cutting system In system, workpiece turning to be cut form is circular arc or straight line intersection turning.
5. slab laser cutting method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: in step 3, in laser cutting system, It is cut by laser turning cutting in track and introduces segment length d1For 10 ~ 30 mm.
6. slab laser cutting method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: in step 3, in laser cutting system, It is cut by laser turning cutting in track and draws segment length d2For 10 ~ 20 mm.
7. slab laser cutting method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: in step 4, in laser cutting system, Cutting auxiliary gas pressure is 1.5 ~ 3 MPa.
8. slab laser cutting method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: in step 4, in laser cutting system, Cutting auxiliary gas selects nitrogen.
CN201910688542.5A 2019-07-29 2019-07-29 Thick plate laser cutting method Active CN110293325B (en)

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN201910688542.5A CN110293325B (en) 2019-07-29 2019-07-29 Thick plate laser cutting method

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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN111055029A (en) * 2019-12-31 2020-04-24 武汉大学 Laser cutting device and method for regulating and controlling crack propagation by controlling plasma through electromagnetic field
CN113118642A (en) * 2019-12-31 2021-07-16 江苏亚威机床股份有限公司 Laser cutting corner processing method

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GB2264887A (en) * 1992-03-07 1993-09-15 British Aerospace A material processing apparatus
DE102008037345A1 (en) * 2008-08-12 2010-02-25 Andreas Trautmann Gas nozzle for welding/cutting a workpiece for steel based fabrication process, comprises a first inner nozzle for providing a first process gas flow, second external nozzle for providing second conducting gas flow, and a gas supply unit
CN102310276A (en) * 2011-06-22 2012-01-11 胡忠 Cutting machine capable of controlling fracture by electrically controlled lasers
CN103128423A (en) * 2013-01-31 2013-06-05 鞍山煜宸科技有限公司 Laser tungsten inert gas (TIG) arc coaxial hybrid welding method with additional high frequency magnetic field and device
CN103753028A (en) * 2014-02-13 2014-04-30 温州大学 Laser boring method and device assisted by electric field and magnetic field coupling
CN103817430A (en) * 2014-02-13 2014-05-28 温州大学 Electromagnetically-assisted laser drilling method and device
CN103878494A (en) * 2014-03-31 2014-06-25 深圳市大族激光科技股份有限公司 Laser perforation method and method for cutting through hole through lasers
CN105834595A (en) * 2016-06-07 2016-08-10 成都市松川金属材料有限公司 Sharp corner laser cutting method
CN205852073U (en) * 2016-07-13 2017-01-04 雷科股份有限公司 Electromagnetic field auxiliary laser borehole drill construction
CN106956077A (en) * 2017-03-10 2017-07-18 南京航空航天大学 A kind of cut deal aluminium alloy magnetic control laser welding process
CN107252970A (en) * 2017-07-04 2017-10-17 广东工业大学 A kind of laser welding system and method

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS61123493A (en) * 1984-11-20 1986-06-11 Mitsubishi Electric Corp Laser working device
WO1990014195A1 (en) * 1989-05-17 1990-11-29 Fanuc Ltd Cut-machining method by laser beam
CN1070855A (en) * 1991-09-18 1993-04-14 英国氧气集团有限公司 Through improved material thermal cutting equipment
GB2264887A (en) * 1992-03-07 1993-09-15 British Aerospace A material processing apparatus
DE102008037345A1 (en) * 2008-08-12 2010-02-25 Andreas Trautmann Gas nozzle for welding/cutting a workpiece for steel based fabrication process, comprises a first inner nozzle for providing a first process gas flow, second external nozzle for providing second conducting gas flow, and a gas supply unit
CN102310276A (en) * 2011-06-22 2012-01-11 胡忠 Cutting machine capable of controlling fracture by electrically controlled lasers
CN103128423A (en) * 2013-01-31 2013-06-05 鞍山煜宸科技有限公司 Laser tungsten inert gas (TIG) arc coaxial hybrid welding method with additional high frequency magnetic field and device
CN103753028A (en) * 2014-02-13 2014-04-30 温州大学 Laser boring method and device assisted by electric field and magnetic field coupling
CN103817430A (en) * 2014-02-13 2014-05-28 温州大学 Electromagnetically-assisted laser drilling method and device
CN103878494A (en) * 2014-03-31 2014-06-25 深圳市大族激光科技股份有限公司 Laser perforation method and method for cutting through hole through lasers
CN105834595A (en) * 2016-06-07 2016-08-10 成都市松川金属材料有限公司 Sharp corner laser cutting method
CN205852073U (en) * 2016-07-13 2017-01-04 雷科股份有限公司 Electromagnetic field auxiliary laser borehole drill construction
CN106956077A (en) * 2017-03-10 2017-07-18 南京航空航天大学 A kind of cut deal aluminium alloy magnetic control laser welding process
CN107252970A (en) * 2017-07-04 2017-10-17 广东工业大学 A kind of laser welding system and method

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN111055029A (en) * 2019-12-31 2020-04-24 武汉大学 Laser cutting device and method for regulating and controlling crack propagation by controlling plasma through electromagnetic field
CN113118642A (en) * 2019-12-31 2021-07-16 江苏亚威机床股份有限公司 Laser cutting corner processing method

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