CN102310276A - Cutting machine capable of controlling fracture by electrically controlled lasers - Google Patents
Cutting machine capable of controlling fracture by electrically controlled lasers Download PDFInfo
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- CN102310276A CN102310276A CN201110168891A CN201110168891A CN102310276A CN 102310276 A CN102310276 A CN 102310276A CN 201110168891 A CN201110168891 A CN 201110168891A CN 201110168891 A CN201110168891 A CN 201110168891A CN 102310276 A CN102310276 A CN 102310276A
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- resorption
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Abstract
The invention provides a cutting machine capable of controlling fracture by electrically controlled lasers. A control unit adopts alternating current to load electricity to realize the connection, identification and control functions of loaded electric appliances, and adopts intense magnetic fields to absorb integrally-fallen fragile waste materials, so that fragile materials which are easily destroyed through heating can be cut off fast and controllably by heating of laser beams; under the condition of heating of high-power intensity laser beams, the speed that a material surface temperature rises to a boiling temperature is fast, which is enough to avoid melt caused by heat conduction; a part of materials is vaporized into steam and disappears, and a part of materials is sucked back by auxiliary airflows from the bottom of a cutting slot as ejecta; the slot cut by the lasers is thin, the cutting surface is smooth, the cutting speed is fast, the thermal deformation is small, the laser cutting is in no contact with the material surface, the cutting machine is suitable for processing bulky commodities and the materials are saved, moreover, the cutting machine can be applied to sheet-metal processing of relevant industries such as heavy and light industries, medical industries and the like, cutting and shaping of rotators, stators and blades, manufacturing of various chains and parts of vehicular manufacturing industry, advertisement decoration and handicraft article manufacturing industries, etc.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of laser cutting machine, especially a kind of laser formation machine.
Background technology
Einstein delivered " about quantum theory of radiation " in 1916 on the basis of Bohr work.It is theoretical that article has proposed laser emission, and this key foundation of theory of laser just.Therefore Einstein is considered to the father of theory of laser.In this piece paper, Einstein has distinguished three kinds of processes: be excited absorption, spontaneous radiation, stimulated radiation.Preceding two notions are known.Be excited to absorb is exactly to be in the extraneous radiation of Atomic Absorption of lower state and to transit to upper state; Spontaneous radiation is meant that the atom of upper state spontaneously gives off photon and migrates to lower state.The characteristics of this radiation be the transition of each atom be spontaneous, independently carry out, its process is completely without external influence, also it doesn't matter each other.Therefore the state of their photons of sending has nothing in common with each other.Such coherence of light is poor, and direction stimulated radiation at random is then opposite.It is meant that the atom that is in high level perhaps under " induction ", transits to low-lying level in " stimulation " of photon, and gives off a photon with the same frequency of incident photon.This cans be compared to the early morning cock crows, and a cock cries, and other cock receives " stimulation " also can send same sound.The maximum characteristics of stimulated radiation are by the photon of stimulated radiation generation and cause that the original photon of stimulated radiation has identical state.They have identical frequency, and identical direction can't be distinguished both difference fully.Like this, through a stimulated radiation, a photon becomes two identical photons.This means that light has been reinforced, light has been exaggerated in other words.This lasing just basic process.Cut is to utilize the laser beam flying of high power density to cross material surface; In short time material is heated to several thousand to up to ten thousand degrees centigrade at the utmost point; Make material fusing or gasification, will melt with gases at high pressure again or gasification substance blows away from joint-cutting, reach the purpose of cutting material.
Laser cutting technique still can not satisfy the requirement of development in the application of traditional industry, still vacancy aspect the material excision forming of traditional industry.
Summary of the invention
In order to overcome laser cutting technique, the object of the present invention is to provide a kind of laser cutting machine that can be applied on the traditional industry material excision forming aspect in shortcoming and drawback aspect the material excision forming of traditional industry.
Automatically controlled laser controlling fracture cutting machine; Laser generator and auxiliary gas, controller are arranged; The control module that it is characterized in that automatically controlled laser controlling fracture cutting machine adopt alternating current load the electric signal drive laser beam to adopt air blast that compressor makes and magnetic force to cut off auxiliary being cut the orbit on the material, auxiliary gas unit, for the fragile material that receives heat damage easily, through laser beam heats carry out at a high speed, controlled cut-out; Under the heating of high power density laser bundle; The speed that the material surface temperature rises to boiling temperature is enough to avoid heat to conduct the thawing that causes soon, and the part material is vaporized into steam or is received by the secondary air resorption from the joint-cutting bottom as ejecta, and laser vaporization excision forming machine cuts off the unit by laser generating unit, waste material and control module is formed; Wherein laser generating unit is made up of laser generating unit, focalizer and speculum; Waste material partition unit is formed control module by compressor, airduct passage, air pressure gun, electromagnetic transducer and resorption probe and is made up of control panel, I/O mouth, and laser generator generation laser becomes high-energy rays via concentrator optically focused and shines on the speculum, and speculum adjustment angle is to accomplish difform material cutting; High-power laser beam heats material; For the fragile material that receives heat damage easily, through laser beam heats carry out at a high speed, controlled cut-out, the material of vaporization is compressed the air blast resorption that machine is made; The material that the fragility monoblock comes off is utilized resorption probe resorption by the high-intensity magnetic field of electromagnetic transducer manufacturing; The air channel acts on the material of vaporization in order to connect compressor and air pressure gun between the air pressure gun, at I/O mouth input user requested data of the present invention; Is data transaction that electric signal is carried in the orbit that the control each several part moves the laser beam of the control of speculum particularly, dissimilar to accomplish, difform materials cuttings.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows that the cutting of cut is stitched the slot of thin cut generally at 0.10～0.20mm, cut surface is smooth, and the cut surface of cut does not have burr, and surface roughness generally is controlled at more than the Ra:12.5.Speed is fast, and the speed of cut is compared with the speed of line cutting and wanted fast a lot.Thermal deformation is little, and the laser slotted of Laser Processing is thin, speed fast, concentration of energy, and it is little therefore to pass to the heat that is cut on the material, causes that distortion of materials is also very little.Cut can not contact with material surface; Guarantee that product can not be scratched; Be fit to the processing of big part product: the mould manufacturing expense of big part product is very high; Laser Processing does not need any mould manufacturing, and the limit of collapsing that forms when avoiding the material punching fully of Laser Processing, and the production cost that can reduce enterprise significantly improves the class of product.Be fit to very much the exploitation of new product.In case after product drawing forms, can carry out Laser Processing, you can obtain the material object of new product in the shortest time at once.Save material: computer programming is adopted in Laser Processing, can carry out cutting out a piece of cloth in a way with the minimum material to make two or more articles of clothing of material to difform product, improves the utilization rate of material to greatest extent.
The specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with case study on implementation the present invention is further specified.
Laser generator generation laser becomes high-energy rays via concentrator optically focused and shines on the speculum, and speculum adjustment angle is to accomplish difform material cutting, and high-power laser beam heats material makes it in instant vaporization; For the fragile material that receives heat damage easily; Through laser beam heats carry out at a high speed, controlled cut-out, under the heating of high power density laser bundle, the speed that the material surface temperature rises to boiling temperature is enough to the thawing of avoiding the heat conduction to cause soon; The part material is vaporized into steam or is received by the secondary air resorption from the joint-cutting bottom as ejecta; The laser generator of laser generating unit produces laser, converges to a very little point via lens, is focused in the very little scope at the energy of unit space inner laser; Make it have very large energy; Laser is mapped to material/be cut on the workpiece via the emission mirror reversal, and under the heating of high power density laser bundle, the speed that the material surface temperature rises to boiling temperature is enough to the thawing of avoiding the heat conduction to cause soon; The part material is vaporized into steam and disappears, and the part material is received by the secondary air resorption from the joint-cutting bottom as ejecta.
The material of vaporization is compressed the air blast resorption that machine is made; The air channel acts on the material of vaporization in order to connect compressor and air pressure gun between the air pressure gun, compressor is made compressed air stream; Give air pressure gun through the airduct pathway reaction; The operation of air pressure gun and orientation and laser keep synchronously at material/the be cut incidence point on the workpiece, stop it to give the non-defective unit loss of material because of the melting band that the heat conduction causes at the following vaporization of the resorption in a flash waste material of laser vaporization material, and the airduct passage is in order to connect compressor and air pressure gun.
When using the present invention that metal material is carried out excision forming; Though metal material has very high reflectivity in room temperature to infrared energy; But emission is in the absorptivity in fact of far infrared drawback 10.6um laser beam has only 0.5%～10%; But,, but can in the time of microsecond level, make the surface begin fusing very soon when having focussed laser beam that power density surpasses 106w/cm2 when shining the metal surface.The absorptivity that is in the most metal of molten condition sharply rises, and generally can improve 66%～80%.
When using the present invention that nonmetallic materials are carried out excision forming; 10.6um the co2 laser beam of wavelength is easy to absorbed by nonmetallic materials; The evaporating temperature that thermal conductivity is bad and low makes the almost whole input material of the light beam of absorption inner again; And, form initial hole in the irradiation place instant vaporization of hot spot, get into the benign cycle of cutting process.
Wherein, the compressor that waste material cuts off the auxiliary gas of unit adopts centrifugal high pressure compressor, centrifugal compressor large-minded, simple and compact for structure; In light weight, the machine packet size is little, and floor space is little, the running balance; Reliable, running rate is high, and friction member is few; Therefore the spare part expense is few, and maintenance cost and personnel are few, in secondary air of the present invention unit; Utilize compressor compresses gas to produce draught head and make the resorption air-flow, carry out resorption to high-power laser beam vaporization or the waste material that melts away and cut off, avoid the Yin Qire conduction to cause the deformation loss at other positions.
Waste material cuts off the electromagnetic transducer of unit under the driving of electric energy; Convert electrical energy into high-intensity magnetic field, resorption probe will locate magnetic field concentration probe a bit on, probe is synchronous with the laser beam maintenance; The material of fusing or vaporization transports the waste material resorption through magnetic force during the high-power laser beam cutting.
The focalizer of laser generating unit adopts the biconvex collector lens; The biconvex collector lens is assembled laser beam on the high-octane basis of script laser beam once more; It is released energy on a very little particle; Angle and the laser beam distance that can regulate lens according to different situations is with the joint-cutting size of adjustment laser beam on material, and cutting temperature.
Air pressure gun adopts the major part ion wind gun; It removes static and foreign matter, the dust of body surface with strong ion wind; Apply compressor high power resorption air pressure in it; Material is lip-deep to be moved synchronously being cut with laser beam, and coverage is at 30mm 90mm 150mm, in the ion and the time: positive 0.1s, 0.4s, 0.7s; Negative 0.1s, 0.3s, 0.8s, operating voltage 4.6KV current sinking, 200uA, operating temperature-10～50 ℃, weight 0.55Kg, high-tension cable length 3Meters, air pressure 5～7Kg, air speed＞10m/s.
Establish sensor devices in the reflective mirror; Energy to guarantee laser beam can be good at being controlled in the certain limit; Write the moving track of the required speculum of access customer in the PLC Programmable Logic Controller and when reflection lasering beam is closed in reception, adjust reflection angle constantly, accomplish required pattern cut on request.
Claims (7)
1. automatically controlled laser controlling fracture cutting machine; Laser generator and auxiliary gas, controller are arranged; The control module that it is characterized in that automatically controlled laser controlling fracture cutting machine adopt alternating current load the electric signal drive laser beam to adopt air blast that compressor makes and magnetic force to cut off auxiliary being cut the orbit on the material, auxiliary gas unit, for the fragile material that receives heat damage easily, through laser beam heats carry out at a high speed, controlled cut-out; Under the heating of high power density laser bundle; The speed that the material surface temperature rises to boiling temperature is enough to avoid heat to conduct the thawing that causes soon, and the part material is vaporized into steam or is received by the secondary air resorption from the joint-cutting bottom as ejecta, and laser vaporization excision forming machine cuts off the unit by laser generating unit, waste material and control module is formed; Wherein laser generating unit is made up of laser generating unit, focalizer and speculum; Waste material partition unit is formed control module by compressor, airduct passage, air pressure gun, electromagnetic transducer and resorption probe and is made up of control panel, I/O mouth, and laser generator generation laser becomes high-energy rays via concentrator optically focused and shines on the speculum, and speculum adjustment angle is to accomplish difform material cutting; High-power laser beam heats material; For the fragile material that receives heat damage easily, through laser beam heats carry out at a high speed, controlled cut-out, the material of vaporization is compressed the air blast resorption that machine is made; The material that the fragility monoblock comes off is utilized resorption probe resorption by the high-intensity magnetic field of electromagnetic transducer manufacturing; The air channel acts on the material of vaporization in order to connect compressor and air pressure gun between the air pressure gun, at I/O mouth input user requested data of the present invention; Is data transaction that electric signal is carried in the orbit that the control each several part moves the laser beam of the control of speculum particularly, dissimilar to accomplish, difform materials cuttings.
2. require described automatically controlled laser controlling fracture cutting machine according to right 1; It is characterized in that: the communication alternating current of control module adopts alternating current to load the method for electric signal; Be input to the machine control end to required user data with crossing the I/O mouth; Be converted into the electric signal that machine can be discerned to user data again, electric energy can also be realized discerning on the basis of drive machines operation, the function of connection and control load electrical equipment.
3. require described automatically controlled laser controlling fracture cutting machine according to right 1, it is characterized in that: the compressor that waste material cuts off the auxiliary gas of unit adopts centrifugal high pressure compressor, centrifugal compressor large-minded, simple and compact for structure; In light weight, the machine packet size is little, and floor space is little, the running balance; Reliable, running rate is high, and friction member is few; Therefore the spare part expense is few, and maintenance cost and personnel are few, in secondary air of the present invention unit; Utilize compressor compresses gas to produce draught head and make the resorption air-flow, carry out resorption to high-power laser beam vaporization or the waste material that melts away and cut off, avoid the Yin Qire conduction to cause the deformation loss at other positions.
4. require described automatically controlled laser controlling fracture cutting machine according to right 1; It is characterized in that: waste material cuts off the electromagnetic transducer of unit under the driving of electric energy; Convert electrical energy into high-intensity magnetic field, resorption probe will locate magnetic field concentration probe a bit on, probe is synchronous with the laser beam maintenance; The material of fusing or vaporization transports the waste material resorption through magnetic force during the high-power laser beam cutting.
5. require described automatically controlled laser controlling fracture cutting machine according to right 1; It is characterized in that: the focalizer of laser generating unit adopts the biconvex collector lens; The biconvex collector lens is assembled laser beam on the high-octane basis of script laser beam once more; It is released energy on a very little particle, and angle and the laser beam distance that can regulate lens according to different situations is with the joint-cutting size of adjustment laser beam on material, and cutting temperature.
6. require described automatically controlled laser controlling fracture cutting machine according to right 1; It is characterized in that: air pressure gun adopts the major part ion wind gun; It removes static and foreign matter, the dust of body surface with strong ion wind, applies compressor high power resorption air pressure in it, and material is lip-deep to be moved synchronously being cut with laser beam; Coverage is at 30mm 90mm 150mm; In the ion and the time: positive 0.1s, 0.4s, 0.7s, negative 0.1s, 0.3s, 0.8s, operating voltage 4.6KV current sinking, 200uA, operating temperature-10～50 ℃, weight 0.55Kg, high-tension cable length 3Meters, air pressure 5～7Kg, air speed＞10m/s.
7. require described automatically controlled laser controlling fracture cutting machine according to right 1; It is characterized in that: establish sensor devices in the reflective mirror; Energy to guarantee laser beam can be good at being controlled in the certain limit; Write the moving track of the required speculum of access customer in the PLC Programmable Logic Controller and when reflection lasering beam is closed in reception, adjust reflection angle constantly, accomplish required pattern cut on request.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201110168891A CN102310276A (en) | 2011-06-22 | 2011-06-22 | Cutting machine capable of controlling fracture by electrically controlled lasers |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201110168891A CN102310276A (en) | 2011-06-22 | 2011-06-22 | Cutting machine capable of controlling fracture by electrically controlled lasers |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN102310276A true CN102310276A (en) | 2012-01-11 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201110168891A Pending CN102310276A (en) | 2011-06-22 | 2011-06-22 | Cutting machine capable of controlling fracture by electrically controlled lasers |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110293325A (en) * | 2019-07-29 | 2019-10-01 | 长沙理工大学 | A kind of slab laser cutting method |
Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| KR100356377B1 (en) * | 2000-02-16 | 2002-10-19 | 주식회사 이오테크닉스 | Apparatus and method for manufacturing stent using laser cutting |
| CN1449884A (en) * | 2003-04-25 | 2003-10-22 | 徐建平 | Laser cutting method for printed circuit board and working equipment |
| CN101172320A (en) * | 2006-11-01 | 2008-05-07 | 上海海事大学 | Method and apparatus for laser cutting special steel thin plate |
| CN101209515A (en) * | 2006-12-27 | 2008-07-02 | 富士迈半导体精密工业（上海）有限公司 | Laser cutting equipment |
| JP2008307573A (en) * | 2007-06-14 | 2008-12-25 | Ihi Corp | Machining head and machining apparatus |
-
2011
- 2011-06-22 CN CN201110168891A patent/CN102310276A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| KR100356377B1 (en) * | 2000-02-16 | 2002-10-19 | 주식회사 이오테크닉스 | Apparatus and method for manufacturing stent using laser cutting |
| CN1449884A (en) * | 2003-04-25 | 2003-10-22 | 徐建平 | Laser cutting method for printed circuit board and working equipment |
| CN101172320A (en) * | 2006-11-01 | 2008-05-07 | 上海海事大学 | Method and apparatus for laser cutting special steel thin plate |
| CN101209515A (en) * | 2006-12-27 | 2008-07-02 | 富士迈半导体精密工业（上海）有限公司 | Laser cutting equipment |
| JP2008307573A (en) * | 2007-06-14 | 2008-12-25 | Ihi Corp | Machining head and machining apparatus |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110293325A (en) * | 2019-07-29 | 2019-10-01 | 长沙理工大学 | A kind of slab laser cutting method |
| CN110293325B (en) * | 2019-07-29 | 2020-10-30 | 长沙理工大学 | Thick plate laser cutting method |
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Application publication date: 20120111 |