CN110251568A - 一种治疗白癜风的中药复方及其制备方法 - Google Patents
一种治疗白癜风的中药复方及其制备方法 Download PDFInfo
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- Pharmaceuticals Containing Other Organic And Inorganic Compounds (AREA)
Abstract
本发明涉及一种治疗白癜风的中药复方,包括沙苑子、黄芪、盐补骨脂、当归、生丹参、炒白蒺藜、枸骨叶、六月雪、土木香、制何首乌、麸炒白芍、煅自然铜和大枣。本发明还涉及上述中药复方的制备方法:按重量份比例称取上述各味药材,将其中部分丹参粉碎成细粉,过筛备用;其余各味药材和余下的丹参加水煎煮,过滤,浓缩、静置,滤取上清液,浓缩至清膏状;取清膏加入丹参细粉和辅料,制成颗粒,干燥,压制成片。本发明的中药组合物可促进黑色素合成,激活酪氨酸酶活性,对进展期及稳定期白癜风均有显著的治疗作用,是安全有效的白癜风治疗药物,有很好的社会效益。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及中药技术领域,具体地说,是一种治疗白癜风的中药复方及其制备方法。
背景技术
白癜风是一种常见的皮肤色素脱失性疾病,各国均有发病,发病率在0.5%~2%。该病易诊断,难治疗,且无特效治疗,在皮肤病疾病中属顽疾之一。国内外西医治疗中无论是局部、系统治疗药物,还是物理、手术等疗法治疗白癜风均存在一定的局限性,一些严重的白癜风对于现有的西医治疗方法仍存在无效或治疗效果不明显的情况,且西医疗法存在毒副作用大、疗程较长、治疗费用高等问题。因此在祖国医学宝库里寻求针对白癜风的更有效、安全、经济的治疗方法将非常有应用前景。
中医对白癜风有较悠久和深入的认识,总结古代名医至近代医家经验认为白癜风病因与风邪外袭、瘀血阻滞及肝肾不足密切相关,且临床多表现数种证型并存。中医治疗主要包括祛风通络、补益肝肾、活血化瘀等治则。然各医家方剂多为个人经验方,临床应用范围受限,且多以汤剂为主,长期服用不方便,故影响了其推广。已上市的白癜风中成药寥寥无几。对于已上市的药品,治疗白癜风常只针对白癜风单一的病因,如白灵片、白癜风胶囊只用于“经络阻隔、气血不畅”所致的白癜风。而根据各中医名家积累的经验,白癜风患者风湿之邪、血瘀、肝肾不足病症常同时存在。因此针对白癜风患者多病因的具有“祛风除湿、活血化瘀、补益肝肾”的中成药对白癜风的治疗是更有优势的。
复方白蒺藜片是我院临床特色中药制剂,其来源于我院名老中医的多年临床经验总结,组方严谨、合理,临床应用三十余年,临床经验丰富,无贵重中药,无有毒中药。多年临床经验表明该药可使白癜风患者白斑消退明显,对进展期及稳定期白癜风均有显著的治疗作用,并可改善白癜风患者常伴的头晕目眩、腰膝酸痛、疲劳困倦等诸多症状,也无激素等西药、手术疗法等西医治疗方法常见的使用禁忌及不良反应,是安全有效的白癜风治疗药物,有很好的社会效益。在前期已完成的上海申康医学发展中心中医药验方临床评价课题《复方白蒺藜片治疗白癜风的临床评价研究》(项目编号SHDC12007408)中,采用随机、双盲、平行对照临床研究,对复方白蒺藜片治疗白癜风的有效性和安全性进行评价。研究结果显示:复方白蒺藜片口服治疗(无其他联合治疗或辅助治疗)一个疗程(3个月)对进展期及稳定期白癜风患者均有显著的治疗作用,总有效率92.00%,显效率65.33%,未发现毒副作用,而且价格低廉,值得在临床推广。
本发明在前述研究的基础上,对复方白蒺藜片进行进一步优化,原医院制剂采用水提和自然沉降去除杂质,通过药效试验比较水提、醇提和水提醇沉工艺对本品疗效的影响,确定提取纯化工艺。动物试验的筛选结果较有效成分的比较更直观,相关性更显著。
发明内容
本发明的第一个目的是,针对现有技术中的不足,提供一种治疗白癜风的中药复方。
本发明的第二个目的是,提供一种上述中药复方的制备方法。
本发明的第三个目的是,提供一种上述中药复方的用途。
为实现上述第一个目的,本发明采取的技术方案是:
一种治疗白癜风的中药复方,所述中药复方由下述重量份的原料药组成:沙苑子250~290份、黄芪160~200份、盐补骨脂250~290份、当归250~290份、生丹参250~290份、炒白蒺藜340~380份、枸骨叶340~380份、六月雪340~380份、土木香160~200份、制何首乌340~380份、麸炒白芍250~290份、煅自然铜250~290份、大枣60~65份;所述的中药复方由下述方法制备得到:
1)将盐补骨脂、炒白蒺藜、沙苑子、当归、生丹参、黄芪、枸骨叶、六月雪、土木香、制何首乌、麸炒白芍、煅自然铜和大枣按比例称取;
2)将其中5/9~2/3份丹参粉碎成细粉,过筛,备用;
3)其余各味和余下的丹参加水煎煮二次,合并煎液,滤过,滤液浓缩,静置24小时,滤取上清液,80℃下浓缩至相对密度为1.34的清膏;
4)取清膏加入丹参细粉和辅料,制成颗粒,干燥,压制成片,即得。
作为本发明的一个优选实施方案,所述中药复方由下述重量份的原料药组成:沙苑子270份、黄芪180份、盐补骨脂270份、当归270份、生丹参270份、炒白蒺藜360份、枸骨叶360份、六月雪360份、土木香180份、制何首乌360份、麸炒白芍270份、煅自然铜270份、大枣63份。
作为本发明的一个优选实施方案,步骤3中的两次煎煮第一次加水8倍量,煎煮2小时,第二次加水6倍量,煎煮1小时。
作为本发明的一个优选实施方案,所述辅料为淀粉,所述原料药和辅料的质量比为5:1。
为实现上述第二个目的,本发明采取的技术方案是:
如上任一所述的中药复方的制备方法,包括下述步骤:
1)将盐补骨脂、炒白蒺藜、沙苑子、当归、生丹参、黄芪、枸骨叶、六月雪、土木香、制何首乌、麸炒白芍、煅自然铜和大枣按比例称取;
2)将其中5/9~2/3份丹参粉碎成细粉,过筛,备用;
3)其余各味和余下的丹参加水煎煮二次,合并煎液,滤过,滤液浓缩,静置24小时,滤取上清液,80℃下浓缩至相对密度为1.34的清膏;
4)取清膏加入丹参细粉和辅料,制成颗粒,干燥,压制成片,即得。
作为本发明的一个优选实施方案,步骤3中的两次煎煮第一次加水8倍量,煎煮2小时,第二次加水6倍量,煎煮1小时。
作为本发明的一个优选实施方案,所述辅料为淀粉,所述原料药和辅料的质量比为5:1。
为实现上述第三个目的,本发明采取的技术方案是:
如上任一所述的中药复方在制备治疗白癜风药物中的应用。
方中白蒺藜主入肝经,辛散苦降,祛风活血,平肝解郁;沙苑子归肝、肾经,补肾助阳,养肝明目,固精。二药配伍,祛风活血、补益肝肾,合为君药。补骨脂温肾助阳,固精;枸骨叶清热养阴,益肾平肝;何首乌补肝肾,益精血,合用加强君药补益肝肾之力;丹参祛瘀止痛,活血通经;当归补血活血;自然铜散瘀,三药与白蒺藜伍用共奏活血化瘀之功;六月雪疏风解表,清热利湿,舒筋活络,加强君药祛风除湿之功,以上药味共为臣药。黄芪、大枣益气养血;白芍养血敛阴,平肝止痛;土木香健脾和胃,调气解郁,共为佐药。针对白癜风“风邪外袭、瘀血阻滞及肝肾不足”的主要病因病机,方中各药的主要功效归纳如下:(1)祛风除湿:白蒺藜主入肝经,辛散苦降,祛风活血,平肝解郁。《本草求真》中注“宣散肝经风邪,凡因风盛而见目赤肿翳,并遍身白癜瘙痒难当者,服此治无不效”;六月雪疏风解表,清热利湿,舒筋活络。(2)补益肝肾:沙苑子归肝、肾经,补肾助阳,养肝明目,固精;补骨脂温肾助阳,固精;枸骨叶清热养阴,益肾平肝;制何首乌补肝肾,益精血。(3)活血化瘀:丹参祛瘀止痛,活血通经;当归补血活血;自然铜散瘀,止痛。三药与白蒺藜伍用共奏活血化瘀之功。(4)益气养血:黄芪补气升阳,固表止汗,利水消肿,生津养血,行滞通痹。大枣补中益气,养血安神。白芍养血敛阴,平肝止痛。土木香健脾和胃,调气解郁。全方共奏补益肝肾、活血化瘀、祛风除湿、养血益气之功,全面针对白癜风“风邪外袭、瘀血阻滞及肝肾不足”的主要病因病机达到良好的治疗作用。
本发明的中药组合物无贵重中药,无有毒中药,可使白癜风患者白斑消退明显,促进黑色素合成,激活酪氨酸酶活性,对进展期及稳定期白癜风均有显著的治疗作用,并可改善白癜风患者常伴的头晕目眩、腰膝酸痛、疲劳困倦等诸多症状,也无激素等西药、手术疗法等西医治疗方法常见的使用禁忌及不良反应,是安全有效的白癜风治疗药物,有很好的社会效益。
具体实施方式
下面结合具体实施方式,进一步阐述本发明。应理解,这些实施例仅用于说明本发明而不用于限制本发明的范围;此外应理解,在阅读了本发明记载的内容之后,本领域技术人员可以对本发明作各种改动或修改,这些等价形式同样落于本申请所附权利要求书所限定的范围。
实施例1治疗白癜风的中药复方的制备(一)
称取沙苑子270g、黄芪180g、盐补骨脂270g、当归270g、生丹参270g、炒白蒺藜360g、枸骨叶360g、六月雪360g、土木香180g、制何首乌360g、麸炒白芍270g、煅自然铜270g、大枣63g;
取170g丹参粉碎成细粉,过筛,备用;
其余各味和余下的丹参加水煎煮二次,第一次加水8倍量,煎煮2小时,第二次加水6倍量,煎煮1小时,合并煎液,滤过,滤液浓缩,静置24小时,滤取上清液,80℃下浓缩至相对密度为1.34的清膏;
取清膏加入丹参细粉和辅料,制成颗粒,干燥,压制成片,即得。
实施例2治疗白癜风的中药复方的制备(二)
称取沙苑子250g、黄芪180g、盐补骨脂290g、当归250g、生丹参270g、炒白蒺藜380g、枸骨叶340g、六月雪360g、土木香200g、制何首乌340g、麸炒白芍270g、煅自然铜290g、大枣60g;
取150g丹参粉碎成细粉,过筛,备用;
其余各味和余下的丹参加水煎煮二次,第一次加水8倍量,煎煮2小时,第二次加水6倍量,煎煮1小时,合并煎液,滤过,滤液浓缩,静置24小时,滤取上清液,80℃下浓缩至相对密度为1.34的清膏;
取清膏加入丹参细粉和辅料,制成颗粒,干燥,压制成片,即得。
实施例3治疗白癜风的中药复方的制备(三)
称取沙苑子270g、黄芪200g、盐补骨脂250g、当归270g、生丹参290g、炒白蒺藜340g、枸骨叶360g、六月雪380g、土木香160g、制何首乌360g、麸炒白芍290g、煅自然铜250g、大枣63g;
取170g丹参粉碎成细粉,过筛,备用;
其余各味和余下的丹参加水煎煮二次,第一次加水8倍量,煎煮2小时,第二次加水6倍量,煎煮1小时,合并煎液,滤过,滤液浓缩,静置24小时,滤取上清液,80℃下浓缩至相对密度为1.34的清膏;
取清膏加入丹参细粉和辅料,制成颗粒,干燥,压制成片,即得。
实施例4治疗白癜风的中药复方的制备(四)
称取沙苑子290g、黄芪160g、盐补骨脂270g、当归290g、生丹参250g、炒白蒺藜360g、枸骨叶380g、六月雪340g、土木香180g、制何首乌380g、麸炒白芍250g、煅自然铜270g、大枣65g;
取170g丹参粉碎成细粉,过筛,备用;
其余各味和余下的丹参加水煎煮二次,第一次加水8倍量,煎煮2小时,第二次加水6倍量,煎煮1小时,合并煎液,滤过,滤液浓缩,静置24小时,滤取上清液,80℃下浓缩至相对密度为1.34的清膏;
取清膏加入丹参细粉和辅料,制成颗粒,干燥,压制成片,即得。
实施例5治疗白癜风的中药复方的制备(五)
称取沙苑子250g、黄芪160g、盐补骨脂250g、当归250g、生丹参270g、炒白蒺藜360g、枸骨叶360g、六月雪360g、土木香200g、制何首乌380g、麸炒白芍290g、煅自然铜290g、大枣65g;
取180g丹参粉碎成细粉,过筛,备用;
其余各味和余下的丹参加水煎煮二次,第一次加水8倍量,煎煮2小时,第二次加水6倍量,煎煮1小时,合并煎液,滤过,滤液浓缩,静置24小时,滤取上清液,80℃下浓缩至相对密度为1.34的清膏;
取清膏加入丹参细粉和辅料,制成颗粒,干燥,压制成片,即得。
实施例6本发明药物治疗白癜风的药效研究
1实验
1.1实验动物
黑色或黑花色清洁级雄性豚鼠,体质量250±30g。
1.2实验药物
原料:
制备:
按重量份称取上述各原料药,加水煎煮,滤过,滤液合并浓缩的干浸膏,即得,将得到的干浸膏加水溶解,得到浓度为5mg/ml的药汤。
2实验方法
2.1造模及给药
取豚鼠90只,用电动剃毛刀剃取背部毛面积4cm×4cm,随机分成9组,每组10只,即正常组、模型组、实验组、对照组1、对照组2、对照组3、对照组4、对照组5、阳性药组(白癜风胶囊)。剪去背部黑色皮毛约3cm x 3cm面积大小,用8%的硫化钠脱毛,每6d1次,除正常组,其余各组在脱毛区涂5%氢醌1ml,每天2次,连续42d,以制备白癜风动物模型,正常组在脱毛区涂蒸馏水1ml,每天2次。42天后,各组开始灌胃给药,给药量为1ml/100g,正常组灌胃等量的蒸馏水,每天2次,连续40d。
2.2黑色素染色
末次给药2h后,取各组豚鼠脱毛区中央1cm×1cm皮肤,用中性甲醛固定,石蜡包埋、切片、lillie法进行黑色素染色,观察皮肤黑色素的分布情况,并用计算机进行图像分析,每组每个染色切片随机选取相同视野,分析该视野中黑色素细胞与该视野面积的比值(黑色素的面密度SD)
2.3生化指标测定
各组豚鼠于末次给药后2h,以20%乌拉坦腹部注射麻醉,于腹部主动脉取血,加入抗凝管中,离心得血浆,用于血浆酪氨酸酶(TYR)活性的测定。
2.4统计学方法
采用SPSS 20.0统计软件,各组指标检测结果使用单因素方差分析及配对t检验,用表示检验总体均数差异性,以P≤0.05为差异有统计学意义。
3实验结果
3.1对豚鼠病理部位黑色素面密度的影响
结果如表1所示,与模型组相比,正常组和各治疗组SD明显升高,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.01),且实验组的SD明显高于各对照组,差异具有显著性(P<0.05),略高于阳性药白癜风胶囊组。
表1对豚鼠病理部位黑色素面密度的影响
3.2对酪氨酸酶活性的影响
结果如表2所示,与模型组相比,各治疗组的酪氨酸酶活性明显升高,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.01),且实验组的酪氨酸酶活性明显高于各对照组,差异具有显著性(P<0.05),略高于阳性药白癜风胶囊组。
表2对酪氨酸酶活性的影响
实施例7提取纯化工艺研究
1提取工艺的优选
选取影响提取效率的三个因素:加水量(A)、煎煮时间(B)、提取次数(C)为考察因素,分别设置三个水平,以浸膏得率、补骨脂素含量综合评分作为评价指标,其权重系数分别为浸膏得率0.4、补骨脂素含量0.6,选用正交表L9(34)进行正交试验,优选提取工艺条件。因素水平安排见表2。
表2复方白蒺藜片提取工艺因素水平表
注:C*指C为1时,对应于A和B的前1位值;C为2时,对应于A和B的前2位值;C为3时,对应于A和B的所有值。
1.2浸膏得率的测定
称取沙苑子27g、黄芪18g、盐补骨脂27g、当归27g、生丹参27g、炒白蒺藜36g、枸骨叶36g、六月雪36g、土木香18g、制何首乌36g、麸炒白芍27g、煅自然铜27g、大枣6.3g,按设定方案进行煎煮,滤过,滤液合并,浓缩,定容至一定体积V,精密吸取20ml,置已干燥至恒重的蒸发皿中,水浴蒸干,于105℃干燥3h,置干燥器中冷却0.5h,迅速称重,计算浸膏得率。
1.3补骨脂素的含量测定
色谱条件:Intersil ODS-3色谱柱(4.6×150mm,5μm);流动相为甲醇-水(55:45,V/V),流速1.0ml/min;柱温30℃;检测波长246nm;进样量10μl。
对照品溶液的制备:取补骨脂素对照品适量,精密称定,加甲醇制成每1ml各含200.2μg的溶液,摇匀,即得。
供试品溶液的制备:取本品粉末(过三号筛)0.5g,精密称定,置索氏提取器中,加入甲醇适量,加热回流提取2h,放冷,转移至100ml量瓶中,加甲醇至刻度,摇匀,滤过,取续滤液,即得。
测定法:分别精密吸取对照品溶液与供试品溶液各10μl,注入液相色谱仪,测定,即得。
1.4方差分析
将正交试验结果进行方差分析,结果见表3、表4。
表3正交试验设计表及结果
注:浸膏得率评分=(40/最大浸膏得率)×浸膏得率;
补骨脂素评分=(60/最大补骨脂素含量)×补骨脂素含量;
综合评分=浸膏得率评分+补骨脂素评分。
表4方差分析表
F0.05(2,2)=19.00
由直观分析可知,影响提取效果的因素作用主次为C>B>A。方差分析结果表明:C和B因素的影响具有显著性意义(P<0.05),A因素的影响无显著性意义(P>0.05)。以A2B1C3为佳,C2与C3相差不大,B1与B2评分接近,从省时节能,降低生产成本方面考虑,故选用A2B2C2较经济实用,即第一次加8倍量水,煎煮2h;第二次加6倍量水,煎煮1h为最佳提取条件。
1.5验证试验
由于优选工艺未包括在9次试验中,故进行了验证试验:用同一批药材称取相同处方量,按A2B2C2进行试验,结果见表5。
表5验证试验表
从表中可见:验证试验结果与正交试验结果一致,说明提取工艺条件稳定可行。
实施例2制剂成型工艺优化
以片剂重量差异、崩解时限、外观、硬度等项目为主要考察指标,检查符合2015年版《中华人民共和国药典》的各有关规定。对稀释剂、崩解剂等进行筛选,优选出理想的处方。具体操作方法如下。
1稀释剂、崩解剂的选择
片剂生产中常用的稀释剂和崩解剂为淀粉、糊精、乳糖,故分别以该三种辅料为稀释剂,每种3份,进行试压,以可压性和崩解时间为考察指标进行优选,结果见表5。
表5 3种辅料压片情况
注:“-”代表无数据。
根据上述结果可知,以糊精、淀粉和乳糖为稀释剂,淀粉的可压性最好,而糊精和乳糖的可压性均较好,且3种片剂的崩解时间接近,综合生产实际考虑,淀粉价格低廉、易得、常用,与原料药无化学作用,在片剂成型工艺中既可做稀释剂,又可做崩解剂,使片剂外观光洁,崩解度、硬度符合要求。因此,选择淀粉为本制剂的主要辅料,起稀释和崩解作用。
2颗粒流动性考察
为保证压片工序顺利进行,片重差异符合要求,生产的颗粒要有较好的流动性,采用测定休止角的方法考察颗粒流动性。休止角测定采用固定漏斗法,将3只串联并固定于水平放置的坐标纸上1.0cm高度,分别将药粉沿漏斗壁倒入最上的漏斗中,直到最下面漏斗形成的药粉圆锥体尖端接触到漏斗口为止,由坐标纸测出圆锥底部的半径,计算休止角,见表7。
表7休止角的考察
从表7可见,休止角较小,平均为31.24°,表明按本研究优选工艺制成的颗粒流动性较好。
以上所述仅是本发明的优选实施方式,应当指出,对于本技术领域的普通技术人员,在不脱离本发明方法的前提下,还可以做出若干改进和补充,这些改进和补充也应视为本发明的保护范围。
Claims (8)
1.一种治疗白癜风的中药复方,其特征在于,所述中药复方由下述重量份的原料药组成:沙苑子250~290份、黄芪160~200份、盐补骨脂250~290份、当归250~290份、生丹参250~290份、炒白蒺藜340~380份、枸骨叶340~380份、六月雪340~380份、土木香160~200份、制何首乌340~380份、麸炒白芍250~290份、煅自然铜250~290份、大枣60~65份;所述的中药复方由下述方法制备得到:
1)将盐补骨脂、炒白蒺藜、沙苑子、当归、生丹参、黄芪、枸骨叶、六月雪、土木香、制何首乌、麸炒白芍、煅自然铜和大枣按比例称取;
2)将其中5/9~2/3份丹参粉碎成细粉,过筛,备用;
3)其余各味和余下的丹参加水煎煮二次,合并煎液,滤过,滤液浓缩,静置24小时,滤取上清液,80℃下浓缩至相对密度为1.34的清膏;
4)取清膏加入丹参细粉和辅料,制成颗粒,干燥,压制成片,即得。
2.根据权利要求1所述的中药复方,其特征在于,所述中药复方由下述重量份的原料药组成:沙苑子270份、黄芪180份、盐补骨脂270份、当归270份、生丹参270份、炒白蒺藜360份、枸骨叶360份、六月雪360份、土木香180份、制何首乌360份、麸炒白芍270份、煅自然铜270份、大枣63份。
3.据权利要求1所述的中药复方,其特征在于,步骤3中的两次煎煮第一次加水8倍量,煎煮2小时,第二次加水6倍量,煎煮1小时。
4.据权利要求1所述的中药复方,其特征在于,所述辅料为淀粉,所述原料药和辅料的质量比为5:1。
5.权利要求1或2任一所述的中药复方的制备方法,其特征在于,包括下述步骤:
1)将盐补骨脂、炒白蒺藜、沙苑子、当归、生丹参、黄芪、枸骨叶、六月雪、土木香、制何首乌、麸炒白芍、煅自然铜和大枣按比例称取;
2)将其中5/9~2/3份丹参粉碎成细粉,过筛,备用;
3)其余各味和余下的丹参加水煎煮二次,合并煎液,滤过,滤液浓缩,静置24小时,滤取上清液,80℃下浓缩至相对密度为1.34的清膏;
4)取清膏加入丹参细粉和辅料,制成颗粒,干燥,压制成片,即得。
6.据权利要求5所述的制备方法,其特征在于,步骤3中的两次煎煮第一次加水8倍量,煎煮2小时,第二次加水6倍量,煎煮1小时。
7.据权利要求5所述的制备方法,其特征在于,所述辅料为淀粉,所述原料药和辅料的质量比为5:1。
8.权利要求1或2所述的中药复方在制备治疗白癜风药物中的用途。
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