CN110250196B

CN110250196B - Pesticide composition and controlled release system and application thereof

Info

Publication number: CN110250196B
Application number: CN201910602408.9A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 齐玉洁; 闫俊杰; 高玉林; 高爱华; 陈超; 赛斯文; 张黎; 杨译
Original assignee: Nanjing Xinan Sinogreen Biological Technology Co ltd; Institute of Plant Protection of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences
Current assignee: Nanjing Xinan Sinogreen Biological Technology Co ltd; Institute of Plant Protection of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences
Priority date: 2019-07-04
Filing date: 2019-07-04
Publication date: 2021-04-13
Anticipated expiration: 2039-07-04
Also published as: CN110250196A

Abstract

The invention provides an insecticide composition, a controlled release system and application thereof. The invention also provides a fumigant for preventing and treating potato tuber moth, and the effective component is allyl isothiocyanate. The effective components of the pesticide composition and the controlled release system thereof are allyl isothiocyanate and aldehyde compounds. The fumigant, the pesticide composition and the controlled release system provided by the invention have good control effect on potato tuber moth, can control the insect pest for a long time, reduce the pesticide application times and reduce the pesticide application cost. Allyl isothiocyanate, alone or in combination with certain aldehydes, is effective in controlling potato tuber moth for up to 3 months. Also, some combinations of allyl isothiocyanate and aldehyde have synergistic effects on the control of potato tuber moth.

Description

Pesticide composition and controlled release system and application thereof

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of biological pesticides, and particularly relates to an insecticide composition, a controlled release system and application thereof.

Background

Potatoes have been an important food source in china, and may become more important as the population increases. Potato crops grow rapidly and have high yield per acre and can be planted in soil unsuitable for grain crops such as rice, wheat and corn. Potatoes intended for consumption are often stored in soil and dug out when needed, and thus have short above-ground storage time, of which about 10% of the potatoes must be stored as seed potatoes.

Potato production is susceptible to certain pests that limit potato production. Tuber moths (Phthomas operculell) are almost the major pest in potato plantation in every potato-growing country. It is not only a storage pest of potatoes, but also a field pest. The tuber moths can begin to lay eggs as soon as they grow above ground, and can lay eggs on tubers as the potatoes are dug or near the ground. The larvae feed on the leaves and stems of the potato plant and then become tubers in the soil. The tuber moth can eat potato tuber in soil and breed for many generations. When potatoes are harvested, the damaged potato tubers carry larvae of the tuber moth and are brought into the storage stage. When the temperature is higher than 12.5 ℃, the development of the larvae of the potato tuber moth can be continued. Under mild environmental conditions, the tuber moth can propagate for many generations during storage. Potatoes which already carry the larvae of the tuber moth will carry this pest to the field as seed potatoes, and become a source of the development of the tuber moth in the field. Control of the tuber moth is of crucial importance during storage of potatoes, especially as a seed potato.

Fumigants can be used to control a wide variety of insect species, including moths. Generally, short-lasting compounds are used as fumigants, including the fast-kill class of natural compounds. Abbasipour et al (2015) tested the control effect of three high concentrations of essential oils on mediterranean pink borer (Ephestia kuhniela) and found that they were effective at high concentrations.

Larvae of the tuber moth (p. operculella) enter the storage facility with the potatoes. The larvae are inaccessible because the fumigant cannot penetrate the tissue of the potato. The target of the fumigant must be adults emerging from potatoes during days to months after harvest. Thus, the fumigant must be continuously released for several months after application.

Vahid Mahdavi et al (2017) use PVA nanofibers as a controlled release carrier for cinnamon (c.zeaylanicum) essential oil to control potato tuber moth (p.operculella). However, they did not test other natural compounds and the formulation had a field life of 47 days under its experimental conditions. We repeated their experiments but could not demonstrate the effect of using cinnamaldehyde as a fumigant.

Wu mei et al (2017) showed that fumigating whole plant material with 1.38 grams of asarum per liter of air killed 85% of the tuber moths (p. However, depending on the fumigant of the plant material, it is not possible to maintain effective control of the tuber moth during storage for several months.

Therefore, there is a great need to develop new methods that can achieve a consistently effective control of the tuber moth of potato.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide application of allyl isothiocyanate in control of potato tuber moths.

Another objective of the invention is to provide an insecticide composition, a controlled release system and applications thereof.

Allyl isothiocyanate and pentanal, hexanal, heptanal, octanal, E-2-hexenal, Z-3-hexenal, benzaldehyde, anisaldehyde and o-hydroxybenzaldehyde were found to be effective fumigants for tuber moths at low concentrations. Surprisingly, some combinations of allyl isothiocyanate and aldehyde have a synergistic effect on the control of tuber moth in potatoes. It was discovered that controlled release systems were constructed and a series of polymers were tested to develop sealed capsules and capillary controlled release devices. In addition, sealed sachets, granules, wick bottles and atomizers for these compounds have also been developed as controlled release devices.

In order to achieve the object of the present invention, in a first aspect, the present invention provides the use of allyl isothiocyanate for controlling tuber moth of potato.

In a second aspect, the invention provides a preparation (fumigant) for controlling potato tuber moth, wherein the effective component is allyl isothiocyanate.

In a third aspect, the invention provides a pesticide composition, the effective components of allyl isothiocyanate and an aldehyde compound, wherein the allyl isothiocyanate and the aldehyde can play a mutual synergist role.

The aldehyde compound is aliphatic or aromatic aldehyde, and is selected from at least one of pentanal, hexanal, heptanal, octanal, nonanal, E-2-hexenal, Z-3-hexenal, benzaldehyde, anisaldehyde, and o-hydroxybenzaldehyde, preferably octanal, benzaldehyde, pentanal, hexanal, nonanal, and anisaldehyde.

In the pesticide composition, the weight ratio of allyl isothiocyanate to the aldehyde compound is 1-99: 1-99.

Further, the weight ratio of allyl isothiocyanate to octanal is 1-9: 9-1, preferably 1: 9, 1:1, 9: 1.

The weight ratio of allyl isothiocyanate to benzaldehyde is 1: 1.

The weight ratio of allyl isothiocyanate to valeraldehyde is 1: 1.

The weight ratio of allyl isothiocyanate to hexanal was 1: 1.

The weight ratio of allyl isothiocyanate to nonanal is 1: 1.

The weight ratio of allyl isothiocyanate to anisaldehyde is 1: 1.

In a fourth aspect, the present invention provides a controlled release system for the formulation or the pesticidal composition, the controlled release system being any one of the following (i) to (iv):

firstly, controlled release capsules: a sealed capsule containing the formulation or pesticide composition;

② sustained-release granules; a particulate inert carrier having said formulation or pesticidal composition adsorbed thereon;

wick bottle, vaporizing device (such as sprayer, atomizer) or tube (capillary tube), sealing bag;

fourthly, the preparation or the pesticide composition is compatible with the auxiliary materials which can reduce the release rate of the effective components to obtain the slow release agent.

Wherein the material of the capsule is a permeable thermoplastic polymer selected from at least one of high density polyethylene, low density polyethylene, linear low density polyethylene, ethylene vinyl acetate, polyvinyl chloride, thermoplastic polyurethane, polyether/amide block copolymer, preferably polyvinyl chloride.

The granular inert carrier is a mineral or plant-based carrier, and is selected from at least one of kaolin, bentonite, activated clay, sepiolite, white carbon black, diatomite, light calcium carbonate, talcum powder, plaster, chalk soil, pottery clay, montmorillonite, clay, high-purity soil, wood powder, bamboo powder and corn cob, and vermiculite is preferred.

In the present invention, the particle diameter of the particulate inert carrier is 0.1 to 10.0mm, preferably 2.1 to 3.0 mm.

Furthermore, the surface of the sustained-release granule is provided with a coating layer, and the coating material is selected from at least one of polyethylene oxide, polyethylene glycol, stearic acid, paraffin, rosin, or other polymers capable of releasing the effective components. The coating material is preferably polyethylene oxide.

Wherein the weight ratio of the pesticide composition, the granular inert carrier and the coating material is 1-50:50-90:5-10, preferably 35:57.5: 7.5.

In one embodiment of the invention, the sustained release granules are composed of 55% vermiculite, 35% allyl isothiocyanate and 10% polyethylene oxide (MW 5,000,000).

The specific preparation method of the sustained-release granules comprises the following steps: mixing allyl isothiocyanate and vermiculite, uniformly stirring to obtain a core material, heating and melting polyethylene oxide, and uniformly spraying the core material on the surface of the core material to obtain the composite material.

In a fifth aspect, the invention provides the use of the formulation, the pesticidal composition or the controlled release system for controlling tuber moth of potato.

When in specific fumigation application, the dosage of the allyl isothiocyanate is 0.8g/m³The aldehyde compound is used in an amount of 1.6g/m³The above.

When the active ingredients of the pesticide composition or the controlled release system are allyl isothiocyanate and octanal, the dosage of the allyl isothiocyanate is 1.2-4.8g/m³The dosage of the octanal is 1.2-9.6g/m³. The preferable dosage ratio of the two is 1:1 (mass ratio).

When the active ingredients of the pesticide composition or the controlled release system are allyl isothiocyanate and benzaldehyde, the dosage of the allyl isothiocyanate is 2.4-4.8g/m³The dosage of the benzaldehyde is 2.4-19.2g/m³. The preferable dosage ratio of the two is 1:1 (mass ratio).

When the active ingredients of the pesticide composition or the controlled release system are allyl isothiocyanate and valeraldehyde, the dosage of the allyl isothiocyanate is 1.2-4.8g/m³The dosage of the valeraldehyde is 1.2-9.6g/m³. The preferable dosage ratio of the two is 1:1 (mass ratio).

When the active ingredients of the pesticide composition or the controlled release system are allyl isothiocyanate and hexanal, the dosage of the allyl isothiocyanate is 1.2-4.8g/m³The amount of hexanal is 2.4-9.6g/m³. The preferable dosage ratio of the two is 1:1 (mass ratio).

When the active ingredients of the pesticide composition or the controlled release system are allyl isothiocyanate and nonanal, the dosage of the allyl isothiocyanate is 1.2-4.8g/m³The dosage of the nonanal is 1.2-9.6g/m³. The preferable dosage ratio of the two is 1:1 (mass ratio).

When the active ingredients of the pesticide composition or the controlled release system are allyl isothiocyanate and anisaldehyde, the dosage of the allyl isothiocyanate is 2.4-4.8g/m³The dosage of the anisaldehyde is 2.4-19.2g/m³. The preferable dosage ratio of the two is 1:1 (mass ratio).

The preparation, the pesticide composition and the controlled release system for controlling the tuber moth of the potato are suitable for being used in a limited space or a room or an open space, and the fumigation conditions are as follows: the temperature is 5-30 ℃.

By the technical scheme, the invention at least has the following advantages and beneficial effects:

the fumigant, the pesticide composition and the controlled release system provided by the invention have good control effect on potato tuber moth, can control the insect pest for a long time, reduce the pesticide application times and reduce the pesticide application cost. Allyl isothiocyanate, alone or in combination with certain aldehydes, is effective in controlling potato tuber moth for up to 3 months. Also, some combinations of allyl isothiocyanate and aldehyde have synergistic effects on the control of potato tuber moth.

Detailed Description

The following examples are intended to illustrate the invention but are not intended to limit the scope of the invention. Unless otherwise specified, the technical means used in the examples are conventional means well known to those skilled in the art, and the raw materials used are commercially available products.

The "%" referred to in the present invention means mass% unless otherwise specified; but the percent of the solution, unless otherwise specified, refers to the grams of solute contained in 100mL of the solution.

Example 1 Fumigant for control of Philippines

Initial research focused on adult potato tuber moths and potential fumigant compounds that might be suitable as fumigants for this pest. 10 moths were placed in a 1.2 liter glass bottle and a small piece of sponge containing 2ml of a 10% honey solution was placed in the bottle. Sealing the jar with cotton gauze cover and rubber band, and sealing 2cm²The filter paper was placed over the gauze and was such that the moth could not come into direct contact with it. 10 microliters of an ethanol solution of the candidate fumigant compound was dropped on the filter paper. The liquid was absorbed onto the filter paper and did not drip into the glass bottle. Immediately after the drop was placed on the filter paper, the glass jar was sealed with a metal lid without removing the gauze. The mortality of the moths was observed after 1, 2 and 24 hours. In this way, a range of potential compounds were screened as fumigants for the tuber moth (table 1). The initial dose selected was 2 microliters of fumigant per 1.2 liters of air space. Those candidate fumigant compounds that did not cause high mortality after 24 hours when 2 microliters of fumigant were placed per 1.2 liters of air space would be excluded from further consideration (table 2).

Table 1 tests Compounds as potential control Agents for Potato Tuber moth

Compound (I)
	Allyl isothiocyanate
Pentanal
	Hexanal
Heptanal
	Octanal
Nonanal
	E-2-hexenal
Z-3-hexenal
	Benzaldehyde
Anisaldehyde
	Cinnamic aldehyde
O-hydroxybenzaldehyde
	Salicylic acid methyl ester
Benzoic acid methyl ester
	Eucalyptol
Thymol
	Carvacrol
Linalool
	Geraniol

TABLE 2 mortality of Bombycis potamodiae exposed to various chemical fumigants (preliminary screening results for potential control agents of Bombycis potamodiae)

Note: r1, R2, R3 refer to three replicates per group. The same applies below.

According to the results, allyl isothiocyanate, pentanal, hexanal, octanal, nonanal, benzaldehyde and anisaldehyde are selected for further research.

Using the same experimental setup, a second study tested lower doses of fumigant to determine its effective concentration level. The specific operation is as follows: 1.5, 1.0, 0.5 and 0.25 microliter doses were tested for 1.2 litre cans; mortality was recorded only after 24 hours. The results are shown in Table 3.

TABLE 3 mortality of moths exposed to various compounds (dose test of selected target compounds)

According to the results, allyl isothiocyanate and octanal are selected for further research. The most effective alternative combination was tested and it was determined that synergy was present. The results are shown in Table 4.

TABLE 4 mortality of Bombycis potamodiae exposed to various compounds and mixtures (dose test of combination of compounds)

Note: the% appearing in the table is mass white fraction. The same applies below.

It can be seen that there is a synergistic effect between allyl isothiocyanate and octanal in the range of 90% allyl isothiocyanate 10% octanal to 10% allyl isothiocyanate 90% octanal, and that the combination is effective in a 0.5 mg/1.2 liter canister.

Combinations of allyl isothiocyanate and other aldehydes were further tested. The results are shown in Table 5.

TABLE 5 testing of combinations of allyl isothiooxylate and other aldehydes

From experimental results, the allyl isothiocyanate is respectively mixed with pentanal, hexanal, nonanal, benzaldehyde and anisaldehyde in a ratio of 50:50, so that the compound has a good control effect on tuber moths, and the compound combination is more effective than the single use of the allyl isothiocyanate.

Example 2 controlled fumigant release system

This example develops a controlled fumigant release system for fumigants that functions in all situations. The developed controlled release system will maintain fumigant levels of about 1 milligram per liter of air space within stacked potato bags for periods of up to 2 to 3 months.

1. Controlled release capsules

A number of polymer capsules were tested with the aim of developing a controlled release system suitable for handling bagged potato storage in a simple warehouse. These capsules will be placed on bags for 2 to 3 months before the potatoes are stacked in the warehouse. The capsule consists of a polymeric tube containing an appropriate amount of fumigant mixture, sealed and cut to appropriate lengths. The polymers tested were high density polyethylene, low density polyethylene, linear low density polyethylene, ethylene vinyl acetate and combinations thereof as well as polyvinyl chloride, thermoplastic polyurethane and polyether/amide block copolymers (PEBAX). A tube of 4mm inner diameter, 0.5 mm wall thickness and 100 mm length was filled with 1 ml of allyl isothiocyanate and heat sealed. The finished capsules are placed at 21 ℃ to 25 ℃ and weighed weekly using an analytical balance and measured for 3 months or until the capsules are empty. The results are shown in Table 6. For those polymers suitable for allyl isothiocyanate, the capsules were also filled with valeraldehyde, caprylaldehyde and benzaldehyde and the results are shown in Table 7.

Table 6 release rates of allyl isothiocyanate from sealed, heterogeneous polymer capsules

It can be seen that PVC, LDPE and LDPE/EVA are the most suitable polymers for such controlled release capsules, where multiple caplets (e.g., one or two per bag) need to be used. EVA, TPU and PEBAX would be useful when large ventilation equipment is used for gas flow in potato storage facilities.

Table 7 release rates of a range of aldehydes from encapsulated polymer

It can be seen that the best polymer for the controlled release capsule is PVC and the aldehyde most similar to the release rate of allyl isothiocyanate is octanal. This combination has the effect of releasing a substantially similar proportion throughout the life of the capsule controlled release device.

2. Sustained-release granules

Another method of delivering the required amount of fumigant to potatoes in storage is a granular formulation. Suitable controlled release particles can be dispersed in the stacked potato bags, where the particles fall into the bags and some fall to the lower portion of the stack and the fumigant vapor will diffuse through the potato stack into the air. This delivery system can be used in warehouses where potato bags have been stacked, but has the disadvantage of a short duration requiring repeated use. For this purpose, a mineral carrier (vermiculite) and two plant-based carriers (white wood flour and bamboo flour) were tested with a polyethylene oxide coating (PEO, MW 5,000,000). The polyethylene oxide coating comprised 10% by weight of the particles. Adding 35% of allyl isothiocyanate into a mineral-based carrier, adding 25% of allyl isothiocyanate into wood powder, and adding 20% of allyl isothiocyanate into bamboo powder-based particles. BHT antioxidant was incorporated into allyl isothiocyanate at a concentration of 2%. The specific preparation method of the sustained-release granules comprises the following steps: mixing allyl isothiocyanate, an antioxidant and vermiculite, uniformly stirring to obtain a core material, heating and melting polyethylene oxide, and uniformly spraying the core material on the surface of the core material to obtain the composite material.

The release rates for the three particle sizes were measured at room temperature by exposing 10 grams of each sample in an open petri dish and weighing on an analytical balance once every 2 days with an accuracy of 0.1 mg until the particles were depleted. The results are shown in Table 8.

TABLE 8 Release of allyl isothiocyanate from polymeric Carriers and controlled Release particles with polymeric coatings

It can be seen that the vermiculite carrier has a higher loading capacity and a longer field-lasting period in terms of the release of allyl isothiocyanate. Larger particles have a longer duration. The polymer particles have a lower loading capacity and are less effective.

A similar experiment was performed using octanal instead of allyl isothiocyanate in the granulate formulation. The results are shown in Table 9.

TABLE 9 Release of octanal from Polymer coated particulate Carrier

It can be seen that the vermiculite carrier has higher loading capacity and longer field lasting period in the aspect of releasing octanal. Larger particle sizes have longer shelf lives. Octyl aldehyde is released at a slower rate than allyl isothiocyanate.

3. Testing the Release Rate of a candle wick bottle

It is practical to use a wick bottle or pulse atomiser to release fumigant into the air stream in a large potato storage chamber with forced air movement. Wick bottles with cotton tooth wicks (8 mm diameter, exposed length 10mm and 20mm) were tested to determine the release rate of a range of candidate fumigants. Bottles containing 10 ml of fumigant were exposed to room temperature, weighed once a day for 5 consecutive days, and measured to an accuracy of 0.1 mg using an analytical balance. The results are shown in Table 10.

TABLE 10 Release of candidate fumigants from wick bottles

It can be seen that the controlled release system of the wick bottle can release a large amount of active compound, and is suitable for use in air circulation systems in large warehouses. The amount released for a particular compound depends on the length of the cotton core exposed to air. The duration of release of the wick bottle depends on the fill level of the fumigant.

4. Test for simulating the control Effect of the controlled Release Capsule on Potato Tuber moth in storage Environment (test I)

To determine the actual efficacy of the formulations developed, studies were conducted on stored potatoes at room temperature (about 20 ℃). 30 cartons (30cm x 40cm ═ 12 liters of air space) were taken and 10 kg of potatoes were placed in each carton, approximately half of the cartons. A controlled release capsule of polyvinyl chloride (containing 1 gram of fumigant, ingredients as shown in Table 11) was taped under the lid, for 5 treatments, each of which was repeated 5 times. The 5 boxes used as controls did not have capsules placed in them. The moths were cooled in a refrigerator and then placed in a petri dish 20 above the potatoes in each box. The boxes were sealed for 40 days, then they were opened and the potatoes were examined for the presence of tuber moth activity. The results are shown in Table 11.

Table 11 simulation of the effect of the storage condition controlled release of allyl isothiocyanate, aldehyde mixture in capsules on adult potato tuber moth on potato

Treatment (mg/controlled release capsules)	Average injury rate of potato tuber moth
		control-No treatment	39％
Allyl isothiocyanate (1000 mg)	0％
		Allyl isothiocyanate octyl aldehyde (500: 500 mg)	0％
Allyl isothiocyanate benzaldehyde (500: 500 mg)	0％
		Benzaldehyde (1000 mg)	12％
Octyl aldehyde (1000 mg)	4％

It can be seen that allyl isothiocyanate, allyl isothiocyanate-octanal and allyl isothiocyanate-benzaldehyde are very effective in controlling adult potato tuber moth, and the control effect of using octanal and benzaldehyde alone is poor.

5. Test for simulating the control Effect of controlled-Release granules on Potato Tuber moth in storage Environment (test II)

10 kg of potatoes were placed in 20 cartons each. Each carton can roughly hold half of a box. 0.25 g vermiculite: polyethylene oxide coated (MW 5,000,000) particles (loading 0.35 g/g, ingredients table 12), 3 treatments, 3 replicates of each treatment. 3 of these boxes, which contained no controlled release particles, served as controls. The moths were cooled in a refrigerator and then placed in a petri dish 20 above the potatoes in each box. The boxes were sealed for 40 days, then they were opened and the potatoes were examined for the presence of tuber moth activity. The results are shown in Table 12.

TABLE 12 controlled Release granules of Compounds and mixtures tested the control Effect on Helicoverpa zea on simulated storage

Treatment (mg/case active ingredient)	Average injury rate of potato tuber moth
		control-No treatment	58.4％
Allyl isothiocyanate (88 mg)	0.0％
		Allyl isothiocyanate octyl aldehyde (44: 44 mg)	0.0％
Allyl isothiocyanate benzaldehyde (44: 44 mg)	0.0％
		Allyl isothiocyanate glutaraldehyde (44: 44 mg)	23.8％

It can be seen that under the experimental conditions, the controlled release granules of all treatment groups had a better effect on the tuber moth of potato.

6. Testing of control Effect of a Corona Zellera Density control System in a simulated storage Environment

An experiment was tested for fumigant release to potatoes in an air stream through a wick bottle using a device similar to test II, rather than using granules as the release system. Air was pumped through a 6mm internal diameter PVC pipe at a rate of 2 liters/minute in two 5 liter water tanks, respectively. A wick bottle containing 20 ml of fumigant solution and 10mm cotton wick exposed to air was placed into the bottom of a bucket. The other barrel was not provided with a wick bottle as a control. Four outlets were left after each pail was sealed in the form of 4mm id tubes inserted into the holes of each box and the cartons were sealed with tape. The net flow rate was 0.5 litres of fumigant gas per minute. After cooling the moths in a refrigerator, each box was placed in a petri dish 20 above the potatoes. The boxes were sealed for 40 days, then they were opened and the potatoes were examined for the presence of tuber moth activity. The results are shown in Table 13.

TABLE 13 test of the controlling effect of air flow of Compounds and mixtures on Phlebopus potamodiasis in simulated storage

Treatment of	Average injury rate of potato tuber moth
		control-No treatment	61.2％
Allyl isothiocyanate 100%	0.0％
		Allyl isothiocyanate and octanal 50:50 in mass ratio	0.0％
Allyl isothiocyanate and benzaldehyde are 50:50 in mass ratio	0.0％

It can be seen that under this experimental condition, all treatment groups were effective against the potato tuber moth.

EXAMPLE 3 synergistic Effect of compositions of AITC and specific aldehydes on the control of Potato Tuber moth

Purpose of the experiment: the low dose of AITC and two aldehydes (octanal and anisaldehyde) and the low dose of these compounds were used to determine whether AITC and the aldehyde compounds had synergistic effect.

The experimental method comprises the following steps: the fumigant was released by a wick bottle in an air stream into a carton containing potatoes using an apparatus similar to test II of example 2. Air was pumped through a 6mm internal diameter PVC pipe at a rate of 2 liters/minute in two 5 liter water tanks, respectively. A wick bottle containing 20 ml of fumigant solution and 10mm cotton wick exposed to air was placed into the bottom of a carton. The other carton was not provided with a wick bottle as a control. Four outlets were left after each carton was sealed in the form of 4mm bore tubes inserted into the holes of each box and the cartons were sealed with tape. The net flow rate was 0.5 litres of fumigant gas per minute. Each box was filled with 30 potato tuber moths in a petri dish on top of the potatoes. After sealing the box for 24 hours, the box was opened to check for the presence of potato tuber moth activity. The results are shown in Table 14.

TABLE 14 synergistic effect of AITC with aldehydes

The experimental results are as follows: as can be seen from Table 14, the additive and synergistic effects between the compositions of AITC and the selected aliphatic and aromatic aldehydes can be judged according to the mortality rate of the potato tuber moth.

Although the invention has been described in detail hereinabove with respect to a general description and specific embodiments thereof, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that modifications or improvements may be made thereto based on the invention. Accordingly, such modifications and improvements are intended to be within the scope of the invention as claimed.

Claims

1. Application of allyl isothiocyanate in killing potato tuber moth is provided.

2. The use of an insecticide composition or a controlled release system comprising the composition for killing potato tuber moths; wherein the content of the first and second substances,

the effective components of the pesticide composition are allyl isothiocyanate and aldehyde compounds; wherein the aldehyde compound is at least one of octanal, benzaldehyde, pentanal, hexanal, nonanal and anisaldehyde,

the weight ratio of allyl isothiocyanate to octanal is 1: 1; and/or

The weight ratio of allyl isothiocyanate to benzaldehyde is 1: 1; and/or

The weight ratio of allyl isothiocyanate to valeraldehyde is 1: 1; and/or

The weight ratio of allyl isothiocyanate to hexanal is 1: 1; and/or

The weight ratio of allyl isothiocyanate to nonanal is 1: 1; and/or

The weight ratio of allyl isothiocyanate to anisaldehyde is 1: 1.

3. The use according to claim 2, wherein the controlled release system is any one of (i) - (iv):

firstly, controlled release capsules: a sealed capsule containing the pesticide composition;

② sustained-release granules; a particulate inert carrier having said pesticide composition adsorbed thereon;

wick bottle, vaporizing device or tube, sealing bag;

fourthly, the slow release agent is obtained by matching the pesticide composition with auxiliary materials which can reduce the release rate of the effective components of the pesticide composition.

4. Use according to claim 3, wherein the material of the capsule is a permeable thermoplastic polymer selected from at least one of high density polyethylene, low density polyethylene, ethylene vinyl acetate, polyvinyl chloride, thermoplastic polyurethane, polyether/amide block copolymers.

5. Use according to claim 4, wherein the capsule material is polyvinyl chloride.

6. Use according to claim 3, wherein the inert particulate carrier is a mineral or plant based carrier selected from at least one of vermiculite, kaolin, bentonite, activated clay, sepiolite, silica white, diatomaceous earth, precipitated calcium carbonate, talc, plaster, chalk, china clay, montmorillonite, clay, kaolin clay, wood flour, bamboo flour, corn cobs.

7. Use according to claim 6, wherein the particulate inert carrier is vermiculite.

8. Use according to claim 6, wherein the particulate inert carrier has a particle size of 0.1-10.0 mm.

9. Use according to claim 8, wherein the particulate inert carrier has a particle size of 2.1-3.0 mm.

10. The use of claim 3, wherein the surface of the sustained-release granule is provided with a coating layer, and the coating layer is made of at least one of polyethylene oxide, polyethylene glycol, stearic acid, paraffin and rosin;

wherein the weight ratio of the pesticide composition, the granular inert carrier and the coating material is 1-50:50-90: 5-10.

11. Use according to claim 10, wherein the coating material is polyethylene oxide.

12. The use according to claim 10, wherein the weight ratio of the pesticide composition, the particulate inert carrier and the coating material is 35:57.5: 7.5.