CN110249831B - Automatic light supplementing method for vertical three-dimensional planting of vegetables and fruits - Google Patents
Automatic light supplementing method for vertical three-dimensional planting of vegetables and fruits Download PDFInfo
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- CN110249831B CN110249831B CN201910550203.0A CN201910550203A CN110249831B CN 110249831 B CN110249831 B CN 110249831B CN 201910550203 A CN201910550203 A CN 201910550203A CN 110249831 B CN110249831 B CN 110249831B
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Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G31/00—Soilless cultivation, e.g. hydroponics
- A01G31/02—Special apparatus therefor
- A01G31/06—Hydroponic culture on racks or in stacked containers
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G7/00—Botany in general
- A01G7/04—Electric or magnetic or acoustic treatment of plants for promoting growth
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G7/00—Botany in general
- A01G7/04—Electric or magnetic or acoustic treatment of plants for promoting growth
- A01G7/045—Electric or magnetic or acoustic treatment of plants for promoting growth with electric lighting
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
- Y02P60/14—Measures for saving energy, e.g. in green houses
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
- Y02P60/20—Reduction of greenhouse gas [GHG] emissions in agriculture, e.g. CO2
- Y02P60/21—Dinitrogen oxide [N2O], e.g. using aquaponics, hydroponics or efficiency measures
Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of vegetable and fruit planting, and discloses a method for automatically supplementing light for vertical three-dimensional planting of vegetables and fruits, which comprises the steps of erecting an LED aluminum foil mat which can be rolled up upwards and unfolded downwards on a transmission assembly above a vertical three-dimensional planting frame, and when the solar illumination intensity is insufficient, enabling the LED aluminum foil mat to extend out of the vegetable and fruit plants and to be unfolded downwards for supplementing light; and the automatic light supplementing system with the LED aluminum foil mat can prolong the light supplementing time according to the illumination accumulated illumination preset by the plant, so that the photosynthetically active radiation PAR on the plant reaches the most effective value of plant growth. The sunlight can be fully utilized, the purposes of saving energy and enabling the light form of the plant to be sound are achieved, meanwhile, an automatic light supplementing system of the LED aluminum foil mat can be utilized to supplement the sunlight shortage and prolong the illumination time, the production period of the plant is enabled to be ahead of time, the yield is increased, the photosynthesis product generated by the LED illumination achieves the highest energy efficiency, the mode of vertically and three-dimensionally planting vegetables and fruits by the sunlight can be enabled, and the maximum vegetable and fruit yield is planted in the minimum ploughing field.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of plant light supplement, in particular to a method for automatically supplementing light for vertically and three-dimensionally planting vegetables and fruits.
Background
The current method for supplementing light in greenhouse planting in the world is not limited to the horizontal longitudinal and transverse equidistant positions above the greenhouse, and a high-pressure sodium lamp, a metal lamp, an LED lamp or an LED lamp tube are arranged to remotely irradiate plants from top to bottom, so that the high-illumination lamps are dispersedly arranged to avoid blocking sunlight.
In addition, the artificial illumination planting of plant factories mostly adopts three-dimensional multilayer support type plane planting, fluorescent lamps or LED lamps are arranged above plants of each layer, and the illumination mode vertically irradiates the plants from top to bottom in a short distance. So set up, though can multilayer frame plant in order to improve unit area output, but can't utilize the sunlight to carry out photosynthesis, can only utilize artificial illumination, and artificial illumination need consume a large amount of energy, and artificial illumination's light quality is not good, easily causes the plant light type attitude to change, is unfavorable for the plant to bloom the fruit.
Therefore, if a solar light source and an artificial light source are adopted for light supplement, the light supplement cannot be performed in a short distance, because the artificial light source lamps can more or less shade sunlight, the lamps must be arranged at a long distance from the top of the greenhouse, and thus, part of light sources are wasted due to diffusion; and the yield of the vegetables and fruits per unit area of land is less than that of the vegetables and fruits planted in a three-dimensional and multi-level manner. However, if the three-dimensional multi-layer planting is adopted, the plants at the lower layer can not shine sunlight. If the three-dimensional multi-layer support planar planting is adopted, although a large amount of plants can be planted on a unit area of land, the solar light source cannot be utilized for photosynthesis of plants on the lower layer, and only the artificial light source can be utilized, so that energy waste, incomplete light forms of vegetables and fruits and influence flowering and fruiting of the plants are caused. Meanwhile, fluorescent lamps or LED lamps are arranged above each layer of plants, so that an operator cannot directly visually check the growth condition of the plants, and the inconvenience of old leaf picking and harvesting of the operator is also caused.
Therefore, there is a need in the art for a method for automatically supplementing light for vertical and three-dimensional planting of vegetables and fruits to solve the above-mentioned problems.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems in the prior art, the invention provides an automatic light supplementing method for vertical three-dimensional planting of vegetables and fruits, wherein an LED aluminum foil mat which can be rolled up upwards and unfolded downwards is erected on a transmission assembly above a vertical three-dimensional planting frame, and when the sunlight intensity is insufficient, a controller horizontally stretches and moves a fixing frame in a telescopic manner, so that the aluminum foil mat extends out of the vegetable and fruit plants and is unfolded downwards to supplement light; and the automatic light supplementing system with the LED aluminum foil mat can prolong the light supplementing time according to the illumination accumulated illumination preset by the plant, so that the photosynthetically active radiation PAR on the plant can reach the most effective value of plant growth.
In the preferred technical scheme of the method for automatically supplementing light for vertical three-dimensional vegetable and fruit planting, the LED aluminum foil mat comprises an aluminum foil mat which can be automatically rolled up or unfolded downwards, a weight hammer and a plurality of LED lamp strips welded with LED lamp beads.
In the preferred technical scheme of the method for automatically supplementing light for vertical three-dimensional vegetable and fruit planting, the aluminum foil mat is a soft aluminum foil with high light reflection degree, the reflected light of the leaf surface and the planting plate can be reflected back to the leaf surface, the utilization rate of illumination is increased, sunlight irradiating the aluminum foil mat can be reflected to the leaf surface of vegetable and fruit plants, and the LED light bar can be rolled up or unfolded downwards by the softness of the aluminum foil mat.
In the preferred technical scheme of the method for automatically supplementing light for vertical three-dimensional vegetable and fruit planting, a plurality of LED lamp strips welded with LED lamp beads are arranged on two sides of an aluminum foil mat.
In the preferred technical scheme of the method for automatically supplementing light for vertically and three-dimensionally planting vegetables and fruits, the light-emitting intensities of the LED light bars are different from top to bottom, the light intensity of the first row of LED light bars on the LED aluminum foil mat is weakest, the light intensity of the first row of LED light bars is gradually increased downwards, the defect that the vegetables and fruits plants located downwards are lack of sunlight is overcome, and the vegetables and fruits plants located at different positions of the upper row and the lower row can receive the same light.
In the preferred technical scheme of the method for automatically supplementing light for vertical three-dimensional vegetable and fruit planting, when the weight hammer is unfolded downwards, the LED aluminum foil mat can be pulled downwards to be straight.
In the preferred technical scheme of the method for automatically supplementing light for vertically and stereoscopically planting vegetables and fruits, the transmission assembly comprises a rotating shaft with a motor and a horizontally telescopic movable fixing frame with a motor.
In the preferred technical scheme of the method for automatically supplementing light for vertical three-dimensional vegetable and fruit planting, the rotating shaft with the motor can roll up or unfold the LED aluminum foil mat upwards.
In the preferred technical scheme of the method for automatically supplementing light to the vegetables and fruits planted in the vertical three-dimensional mode, the horizontal telescopic moving fixing frame with the motor can horizontally extend the rotating shaft with the motor to the position above vegetables and fruits plants and can also horizontally retract the rotating shaft with the motor to the position right above the vertical three-dimensional planting frame.
In the preferred technical scheme of the method for automatically supplementing light for vertically and three-dimensionally planting vegetables and fruits, the controller comprises a photosynthesis effective radiometer, the controller receives photosynthesis effective radiation values sent by the photosynthesis effective radiometer, and the controller can also control the extension or retraction of the horizontal telescopic moving fixing frame, the clockwise rotation or the anticlockwise rotation of the rotating shaft of the attached motor so as to drive the LED aluminum foil mat to be rolled up or unfolded downwards and light or extinguish the lamp beads on the LED aluminum foil mat.
In another aspect, the invention provides a vertical three-dimensional planting frame, which comprises a spray fertilization closed space, a planting plate and a fertilization sprayer.
In the above preferred technical solution of the vertical three-dimensional planting frame, the material of the vertical three-dimensional planting frame may be metal, wood, plastic, or other hard materials.
In the above preferred technical solution of the vertical stereoscopic planting frame, the planting plate may be a polystyrene foam extruded plate, a polystyrene foam board, or other plastic foam heat-insulating material.
In the above preferred technical solution of the vertical three-dimensional planting frame, the cross section of the vertical three-dimensional planting frame may be rectangular or a-shaped.
In the preferred technical scheme of the vertical three-dimensional planting frame, the planting plates are sealed at two sides of the vertical three-dimensional planting frame, the other two sides and the upper end of the vertical three-dimensional planting frame are also sealed by plastic foaming heat-insulating materials made of the same materials, and the sealing area is a spray fertilization closed space.
In the preferable technical scheme of the vertical three-dimensional planting frame, the planting plate is provided with a proper number of penetrating holes, the penetrating holes are inclined at an angle of 45 degrees, the position of the outside sunlight irradiation area is higher, and the position of the inside spray fertilization closed space is lower.
In the preferred technical scheme of the vertical three-dimensional planting frame, the roots of the vegetable and fruit plants are wrapped by water-absorbing sponge, the roots are inclined at an angle of 45 degrees from top to bottom along the penetrating holes on the planting plate, and the vegetable and fruit plants are inserted into the spray fertilization closed space.
In the preferred technical scheme of the vertical three-dimensional planting frame, a fertilizer sprayer is arranged above the spray fertilization closed space of the vertical three-dimensional planting frame, and the fertilizer sprayer atomizes and spreads the nutrient solution fertilizer sent by the pipeline in the spray fertilization closed space for the roots of the vegetable and fruit plants to absorb.
In the above preferred technical solution of the vertical three-dimensional planting frame, the fertilizer sprayer above the vertical three-dimensional planting frame may be a high pressure sprayer or an ultrasonic sprayer with a fan.
On the other hand, the invention provides a light source component which comprises an aluminum foil mat capable of automatically rolling up or unfolding down and a plurality of LED light bars welded with LED light beads.
In the preferred technical scheme of the light source component, namely the LED aluminum foil mat, is positioned on the side edge of the plant when the light source component is unfolded downwards, so that light rays emitted by the LED directly irradiate the vegetable and fruit plants in a short distance, and the light loss caused by diffusion can not be generated.
In the preferred technical scheme of the light source component, the LED aluminum mat of the light source component is provided with a plurality of LED light bars and an aluminum mat with high light reflection degree. The LED lamp strips are horizontally arranged on the planes at the two sides of the aluminum foil mat and can simultaneously supply light to vegetable and fruit plants at the two sides.
In the preferred technical scheme of the light source component, a plurality of LED lamp strips of the LED aluminum foil mat of the light source component are made of aluminum substrates, leaf vegetables can be harvested according to different production requirements, fruits or other special medicinal plants can be harvested according to vegetative growth, and a plurality of red, blue or other colored LED lamp beads in different combinations are welded on the plurality of LED lamp strips.
In the preferred technical scheme of the light source component, a plurality of LED light bars of the LED aluminum mat of the light source component are horizontally adhered by heat-conducting glue or locked on two side planes of the aluminum mat with high light reflection degree by bolts.
In the preferred technical scheme of the light source component, the lower end of the light source component LED aluminum foil mat is provided with a weight hammer, and when the weight of the weight hammer is enough to unfold the LED aluminum foil mat downwards, the LED aluminum foil mat is pulled downwards to be straight.
In another aspect, the present invention provides a transmission assembly including a shaft with a motor and a horizontally extending/retracting movable mount with a motor.
In the above preferred technical solution of the present invention, the LED aluminum foil mat is fixed on a rotating shaft attached with a motor, and when the motor rotates clockwise or counterclockwise, the rotating shaft is driven to roll up or unroll the LED aluminum foil mat.
In the above preferred technical solution of the present invention, the rotating shaft of the attached motor is fixed above the horizontal telescopic moving fixing frame of the attached motor, and before the rotating shaft of the attached motor expands the LED aluminum mat downward, the rotating shaft of the attached motor is controlled to horizontally telescopic moving fixing frame, and the rotating shaft of the attached motor is moved out from above the vertical stereoscopic planting frame to above the vegetable and fruit plants.
In the above preferred technical solution of the present invention, the rotating shaft of the attached motor is fixed above the horizontal telescopic moving fixing frame of the attached motor, and after the rotating shaft of the attached motor rolls up the LED aluminum foil mat, the horizontal telescopic moving fixing frame of the attached motor is controlled to move the rotating shaft of the attached motor from above the vegetable and fruit plants to above the vertical stereoscopic planting frame.
On the other hand, the invention also provides a controller, a photosynthetically active radiometer (PAR SENSOR) and an LED aluminum foil mat automatic light supplementing system software.
In the above preferred technical solution of the present invention, the controller is a microprocessor, a programmable controller or an industrial computer, which is attached with a plurality of groups of I/O devices capable of being controlled or read, and an LED aluminum foil mat automatic light supplement system software, and can receive the photosynthesis effective radiation value sent by the photosynthesis effective radiometer, and also control the extension or retraction of the horizontal telescopic moving fixing frame attached with the motor, the clockwise rotation or the counterclockwise rotation of the rotating shaft attached with the motor, and the lighting or extinguishing of the lamp beads on the LED aluminum foil mat.
In the above preferred embodiment of the present invention, the photosynthetically active radiometer (PAR SENSOR) has a plurality of brightness sensing heads, which are respectively located at the horizontal positions of the vegetable and fruit plants on the vertical stereoscopic planting frame.
In the above preferred embodiment of the present invention, the photosynthesis effective radiometer is capable of measuring the photosynthesis effective radiance (PAR) of the received light, and sending the reading of the photosynthesis effective radiometer to the controller.
In the above preferred technical solution of the present invention, the controller receives the reading value transmitted by the photosynthesis effective radiometer, and compares the reading value with the pre-designed minimum value of the sunlight photosynthesis effective radiation, if the reading value transmitted by the photosynthesis effective radiometer is lower than the pre-designed minimum value of the sunlight photosynthesis effective radiation, the controller will control the horizontal telescopic moving fixing frame of the attachment motor, drive the rotating shaft of the attachment motor to move from right above the vertical planting frame to above the vegetable and fruit plants, and control the rotating shaft of the attachment motor to rotate, and expand the LED aluminum foil mat downwards, turn on the LED light source, so that the LED light irradiates the vegetable and fruit plants for light supplement.
In the above preferred technical solution of the present invention, the controller receives the reading value transmitted by the photosynthesis effective radiometer, and compares the reading value with the pre-designed minimum value of the sunlight photosynthesis effective radiation, if the reading value transmitted by the photosynthesis effective radiometer is higher than the pre-designed minimum value of the sunlight photosynthesis effective radiation, the controller first controls to turn off the LED light source, and controls the rotating shaft of the attached motor to roll up the LED aluminum foil mat, and then controls the horizontally extending and retracting movable fixing frame of the attached motor to drive the rotating shaft of the attached motor to move from directly above the vegetable and fruit plants to above the vertical planting frame, so that the sunlight directly irradiates the vegetable and fruit plants to carry out sunshine, and the LED aluminum foil mat or the rotating shaft of the attached motor cannot shade the sunlight.
In the above preferred embodiment of the present invention, the controller receives the reading (μmole/m) from the photosynthetically active radiometer2S), and accumulating the effective radiation value of the photosynthesis received by the vegetable and fruit plants in the day, and then comparing the value with a pre-designed value according to the data, if the effective radiation value of the photosynthesis received by the vegetable and fruit plants in the day is lower than the pre-designed value, controlling the LED aluminum foil mat to lengthen the light supplementing time, so as to increase the accumulated value of the effective radiation of the photosynthesis, thereby achieving the purposes of advancing the production period of the vegetable and fruit plants and improving the yield of the vegetable and fruit plants. As can be understood by those skilled in the art, in the preferred technical solution of the method for automatically supplementing light to vegetables and fruits planted in vertical space of the invention,through the arrangement, light with different light quality ratios can be provided, so that the light requirements of different vegetable and fruit plants can be met.
Furthermore, the light sources with different intensities can be provided for the plants at the upper layer and the lower layer by the arrangement, so that the accumulated values of the photosynthesis effective radiation doses received by the plants at the upper layer and the lower layer are the same.
Further, the setting can automatically complement the photosynthesis effective radiation quantity required by the plant design when the sunlight is insufficient.
Furthermore, the illumination time of the vegetable and fruit plants can be automatically prolonged when the market is out of stock through the arrangement, so that the harvesting period of the vegetable and fruit is advanced.
Furthermore, the LED is selected as a light emitting source, so that the photoelectric conversion efficiency is high, the response speed is high, the size is small, the emitted light is uniform, and the heat productivity is small.
Furthermore, an aluminum foil mat is selected as a support carrier of the LED light bar, the heat conduction speed is high, the thickness is thin, the LED light bar can be rolled up easily, the surface is smooth, the light reflection degree is high, and sunlight irradiating the aluminum foil mat can be reflected to the leaf surfaces of vegetable and fruit plants.
Furthermore, through the arrangement, when the vegetable and fruit plants are irradiated by the sun, the intensity of the sunlight cannot be reduced due to shading of the artificial lamp.
Drawings
Preferred embodiments of the present invention are described below with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram illustrating an automatic light supplement method for vertical and three-dimensional vegetable and fruit planting according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a vertical space planting frame of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a first vertical three-dimensional vegetable and fruit planting automatic light supplementing state of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic structural view of a second vertical three-dimensional vegetable and fruit planting state with automatic light supplement;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of an arrangement of photosynthetically active radiometers of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a front view of an LED aluminum foil mat of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a side view of an LED aluminum foil mat of the present invention;
reference numerals:
1. LED aluminum foil mat (light emitting assembly); 10. an LED light bar; 11. LED lamp beads; 12. an aluminum foil mat; 13. a weight hammer; 2. a vertical stereoscopic planting frame; 21. spraying and fertilizing to seal the space; 22. planting a plate; 23. a fertilizing sprayer; 3. a transmission assembly; 31. a rotating shaft with a motor; 32. a horizontally telescopic movable fixing frame with a motor; 4. a controller; 41. photosynthetically active radiometer (PAR SENSOR); 5. vegetable and fruit plants; 51. roots of vegetable and fruit plants.
Detailed Description
The following description is presented to disclose the invention so as to enable any person skilled in the art to practice the invention. The preferred embodiments described below are by way of example only, and other obvious variations will occur to those skilled in the art. The basic principles of the invention, as defined in the following description, may be applied to other embodiments, variations, modifications, equivalents, and other technical solutions without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.
As shown in fig. 1 to 7, the LED aluminum foil mat 1 according to the present invention can be applied to various environments where light supplement is needed for vertical three-dimensional planting of vegetables and fruits, and particularly, can be applied to various sunlight-type environments where light supplement is not sufficient for vertical three-dimensional planting of vegetables and fruits, which is a light supplement method that can advance the production period of vegetables and fruits and increase the yield.
As shown in fig. 1, 6 and 7, the LED aluminum mat 1 according to the present invention includes an LED light bar 10, LED light beads 11, an aluminum mat 12, and a weight 13.
The LED lamp beads 11 are used for generating light, the LED lamp beads 11 are welded on the LED lamp strips 10, and the LED lamp strips 10 are horizontally arranged on the planes at two sides of the aluminum foil mat 12. When the LED aluminum foil mat 1 emits light, the light is emitted through the LED lamp beads 11 in an electrified mode, so that the light irradiates the vegetable and fruit plants 5 on two side faces of the LED aluminum foil mat 1.
It should be mentioned especially that the light intensities generated by the LED lamp beads 11 on the LED lamp strips 10 are different, the light intensity emitted by the LED lamp beads 11 on the LED lamp strips 10 above is lower, and the light intensity emitted by the LED lamp beads 11 on the LED lamp strips 10 below is higher, so that the light intensity received by the vegetable and fruit plants 5 below is the same as the light intensity received by the vegetable and fruit plants 5 above.
The weight hammer 13 is positioned at the lower end of the LED aluminum foil mat 1, and the weight of the weight hammer 13 is enough to pull down the LED aluminum foil mat 1 to straighten the LED aluminum foil mat.
Fig. 2 is a schematic structural view of a vertical space-type planting frame 2 according to the present invention, which is a facility for cultivating vegetable and fruit plants.
The vertical three-dimensional planting frame 2 comprises a spraying and fertilizing closed space 21, a planting plate 22 and a fertilizing sprayer 23.
The vertical stereoscopic planting frame 2 is a cuboid bracket and is made of stainless steel welded or fixed by bolt locking.
The material of the planting plate 22 is Polystyrene foam extruded board (Polystyrene foam Plastic board).
The planting plates 22 are hermetically fixed at the left and right sides of the vertical three-dimensional planting frame 2, and the front, rear, and upper ends of the vertical three-dimensional planting frame 2 are also hermetically fixed by polystyrene foam extruded sheets to form a sealed space 21 for spraying and fertilizing.
The planting plate 22 is provided with a proper number of penetrating holes, the penetrating holes are inclined at an angle of 45 degrees, the position close to the outside sunlight irradiation area is higher, and the position close to the inside spray fertilization closed space 21 is lower.
Vegetable and fruit plants 5 are planted on the planting plate 22, when the vegetable and fruit plants 5 are planted, the roots 51 of the vegetable and fruit plants are wrapped by sponge which can absorb water, then the roots 51 of the vegetable and fruit plants are inclined from top to bottom at an angle of 45 degrees along the penetrating holes and are inserted into the spray fertilization closed space 21.
The fertilizer sprayer 23 is fixed on the upper side in the spray-fertilization enclosed space 21, and the fertilizer sprayer 23 sprays the nutrient solution fertilizer sent from the pipeline into the spray-fertilization enclosed space 21 for the roots 51 of the vegetable and fruit plants to absorb.
Fig. 3 is a transmission assembly 3 according to the present invention, which is a mechanism for controlling the up, down, left and right movement of the aluminum mat 12.
As shown in fig. 3, the transmission assembly 3 includes a rotating shaft 31 with a motor, and a horizontal telescopic moving fixing frame 32 with a motor.
When the rotating shaft 31 of the attached motor rotates clockwise or anticlockwise, the LED aluminum foil mat 1 is driven to be rolled up or unfolded downwards due to different positions, and if the rotating shaft 31 of the attached motor is positioned at the right side above the vertical three-dimensional planting frame 2, the rotating shaft 31 of the attached motor rotates clockwise to drive the LED aluminum foil mat 1 to be unfolded downwards; the rotating shaft 31 with the motor rotates in a counterclockwise way to drive the LED aluminum foil mat 1 to roll up. On the contrary, if the rotating shaft 31 with the motor is positioned on the left side above the vertical stereoscopic planting frame 2, the rotating shaft 31 with the motor rotates clockwise to drive the LED aluminum foil mat 1 to roll up; the rotating shaft 31 with the motor rotates in a counterclockwise manner to drive the LED aluminum foil mat 1 to expand downwards.
The motor-attached rotating shaft 31 is located above the motor-attached horizontal telescopic moving fixing frame 32. When the horizontal telescopic moving fixing frame 32 with the motor horizontally extends from left to right, the rotating shaft 31 with the motor also moves along with the horizontal telescopic moving fixing frame 32 with the motor, and horizontally moves from the position right above the vertical three-dimensional planting frame 2 to the position right above the vegetable and fruit plants 5.
Two groups of transmission assemblies 3 are arranged on the vertical three-dimensional planting frame 2, when two groups of horizontal telescopic movable fixing frames 32 with motors of the two groups of transmission assemblies 3 respectively extend to the left side and the right side to move, the whole vertical three-dimensional planting frame 2 can keep left-right balance because the two groups of transmission assemblies 3 have the same weight.
As shown in fig. 4, according to the above preferred embodiment of the present invention, two sets of transmission assemblies 3 are disposed above the vertical three-dimensional planting frame 2, and when the sunlight is sufficient, the horizontal retractable movable fixing frames 32 of the two sets of motors attached to the two sets of transmission assemblies 3 respectively retract from the left and right sides to move above the vertical three-dimensional planting frame 2, so that the transmission assemblies 3 will not block the sunlight of the vegetable and fruit plants 5.
Fig. 1 shows a controller 4 according to the present invention, which is an industrial computer and is a central control unit for controlling the whole lighting system.
As shown in fig. 1, the controller 4 according to the present invention comprises a photosynthesis effective radiometer 41 and LED aluminum mat automatic light supplement system software. The photosynthesis effective radiometer 41 can measure the photosynthesis effective radiation of the received light, and send the reading of the photosynthesis effective radiometer 41 to the controller 4.
The controller 4 is connected to the reading value transmitted by the photosynthesis effective radiometer 41, and compares the reading value with the minimum value of the sunlight photosynthesis effective radiation which is designed in advance and stored in the controller 4, if the reading value transmitted by the photosynthesis effective radiometer 41 is lower than the minimum value of the sunlight photosynthesis effective radiation which is designed in advance, the controller 4 controls the horizontal telescopic moving fixing frame 32 of the attached motor to drive the rotating shaft 31 of the attached motor, the reading value moves from the position right above the vertical three-dimensional planting frame 2 to the position right above the vegetable and fruit plant 5, and controls the rotating shaft 31 of the attached motor to rotate, the LED aluminum foil mat 1 is unfolded downwards, the light source of the LED lamp beads 11 is started, the LED illumination is enabled to irradiate the vegetable and fruit plant 5, and light supplement is carried out.
The controller 4 receives the reading value transmitted by the photosynthesis effective radiometer 41, and compares the reading value with the minimum value of the sunlight photosynthesis effective radiation which is designed in advance and stored in the controller 4, if the reading value transmitted by the photosynthesis effective radiometer 41 is higher than the minimum value of the sunlight photosynthesis effective radiation which is designed in advance, the controller 4 firstly controls the light source of the LED lamp bead 11 to be closed; meanwhile, the rotating shaft 31 of the auxiliary motor is controlled to roll up the LED aluminum foil mat 1 upwards, then the horizontal telescopic moving fixing frame 32 of the auxiliary motor is controlled to drive the rotating shaft 31 of the auxiliary motor to move to the position right above the vertical three-dimensional planting frame 2 from the position right above the vegetable and fruit plants 5, so that sunlight directly irradiates the vegetable and fruit plants 5 for sunshine, and the sunlight cannot be shielded by the LED aluminum foil mat 1 or the rotating shaft 31 of the auxiliary motor.
When the LED aluminum foil mat 1 is unfolded downwards for light supplement, even if weak sunlight is still irradiated, the sunlight irradiated on the aluminum foil mat 12 can be reflected to the leaf surface of the vegetable and fruit plants 5 because the surface of the aluminum foil mat 12 is smooth and has high light reflection degree.
As shown in FIG. 5, according to the above preferred embodiment of the present invention, the photosynthetically active radiometer (PAR SENSOR)41 on the vertical three-dimensional planting frame 2 has a plurality of light sensing heads, each positioned at a plant level on the vertical three-dimensional planting frame.
A plurality of brightness sensing heads of a photosynthesis effective radiometer (PAR SENSOR)41 are respectively positioned at the horizontal position of each row of vegetable and fruit plants on the vertical stereoscopic planting frame, and can transmit the sunlight intensity and the LED illumination intensity received by each row of vegetable and fruit plants to the controller 4.
So far, the technical solutions of the present invention have been described in connection with the preferred embodiments shown in the drawings, but it is easily understood by those skilled in the art that the scope of the present invention is obviously not limited to these specific embodiments. Equivalent changes or substitutions of related technical features can be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the principle of the invention, and the technical scheme after the changes or substitutions can fall into the protection scope of the invention.
Claims (6)
1. A method for automatically supplementing light for vertical three-dimensional planting of vegetables and fruits is characterized in that an LED aluminum foil mat which can be rolled up upwards and unfolded downwards is erected on a transmission assembly above a planting frame, and when the illumination intensity is insufficient, a controller enables the LED aluminum foil mat to extend above vegetable and fruit plants and to be unfolded downwards for supplementing light; the automatic light supplementing system with the LED aluminum foil mat can prolong the light supplementing time according to the illumination accumulated illumination preset by the plant, so that the photosynthetically active radiation PAR on the plant reaches the most effective value of the plant growth; the LED aluminum foil mat comprises an aluminum foil mat which can be automatically rolled up or unfolded downwards, a weight hammer, a plurality of LED light bars and lamp beads; the luminous intensities of the LED light bars are different from top to bottom, the light intensity emitted by the first row of LED light bars on the LED aluminum foil mat is the weakest, and the light intensity emitted by the LED light bars is gradually enhanced more downwards, so that the illumination received by the vegetable and fruit plants at different positions of the upper row and the lower row is the same; the transmission assembly comprises a rotating shaft with a motor and a horizontal telescopic movable fixing frame with the motor; the horizontal telescopic movable fixing frame attached with the motor can horizontally extend the rotating shaft attached with the motor to the position above vegetable and fruit plants and can also horizontally retract the rotating shaft attached with the motor to the position right above the vertical three-dimensional planting frame.
2. The method for automatically supplementing light for vertical and three-dimensional vegetable and fruit cultivation according to claim 1, wherein the aluminum foil mat is a soft aluminum foil with high light reflectivity.
3. The method for automatically supplementing light for vertical three-dimensional vegetable and fruit planting according to claim 1, wherein a plurality of LED light bars and light beads are arranged on two sides of an aluminum mat.
4. The method for automatically supplementing light for vertical and three-dimensional vegetable and fruit planting according to claim 1, wherein the weight hammer is capable of straightening the LED aluminum foil mat by pulling the LED aluminum foil mat downward when the LED aluminum foil mat is unfolded downward.
5. The method for automatically supplementing light for vertical and three-dimensional vegetable and fruit cultivation according to claim 1, wherein the LED aluminum mat can be rolled up or unrolled downward by a rotating shaft with a motor.
6. The method for automatically supplementing light for vertically and stereoscopically planting vegetables and fruits according to claim 1, wherein the controller comprises a photosynthesis effective radiometer, the controller receives the photosynthesis effective radiometer from the photosynthesis effective radiometer, and the controller can also control the extension or retraction of the horizontal telescopic moving fixing frame, the clockwise rotation or counterclockwise rotation of the rotating shaft of the attached motor, and the turning on or off of the lamp beads on the LED aluminum foil mat.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| TW107135075 | 2018-10-04 | ||
| TW107135075A TWI676415B (en) | 2018-10-04 | 2018-10-04 | A method for automatically supplement light for vertical three-dimensional planting fruits and vegetables |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN110249831A CN110249831A (en) | 2019-09-20 |
| CN110249831B true CN110249831B (en) | 2021-06-01 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CN201910550203.0A Active CN110249831B (en) | 2018-10-04 | 2019-06-24 | Automatic light supplementing method for vertical three-dimensional planting of vegetables and fruits |
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| Country | Link |
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| CN (1) | CN110249831B (en) |
| TW (1) | TWI676415B (en) |
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| CN112106565B (en) * | 2020-10-14 | 2022-04-15 | 中国农业科学院都市农业研究所 | Device and method for planting dragon fruits in plant factory |
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Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN110249831A (en) | 2019-09-20 |
| TW202014090A (en) | 2020-04-16 |
| TWI676415B (en) | 2019-11-11 |
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