CN110233213A - 一种新能源锂电池梯次利用强化薄膜及其加工方法 - Google Patents

一种新能源锂电池梯次利用强化薄膜及其加工方法 Download PDF

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CN110233213A
CN110233213A CN201910510859.XA CN201910510859A CN110233213A CN 110233213 A CN110233213 A CN 110233213A CN 201910510859 A CN201910510859 A CN 201910510859A CN 110233213 A CN110233213 A CN 110233213A
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张丽
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种新能源锂电池梯次利用强化薄膜及其加工方法，该强化薄膜包括从上到下的四层结构，所述的四层结构从上到下分别为防爆层、第一强化层、粘合层和第二强化层；还公开了基于上述一种新能源锂电池梯次利用强化薄膜的加工方法，包括步骤一等加工步骤。该薄膜主要用于在锂电池梯次利用串并联过程中对组合后的锂电池或锂电池组进行整合包装，提高梯次利用锂电池的安全性，减少后期使用过程中安全事故的发生。

Description

一种新能源锂电池梯次利用强化薄膜及其加工方法
技术领域
本发明涉及新能源电池梯次利用设备技术领域，更具体的说，涉及一种新能源锂电池梯次利用强化薄膜及其加工方法。
背景技术
近年来，受益于政策、补贴，我国新能源汽车呈现快速增长，进而导致动力锂电池的需求量和报废量不断增长。统计数据显示，2015年中国锂电池总产量47.13Gwh，其中，动力电池产量16.9Gwh，占比36.07％；消费锂电池产量23.69Gwh，占比50.26％；储能锂电池产量1.73Gwh，占比3.67％。报告测算，到2020年动力锂电池的需求量将达到125Gwh，报废量将达32.2Gwh，约50万吨；到2023年，报废量将达到101Gwh，约116万吨，当前，电池金属材料资源的供需不平衡正逐渐显现。随着新能源车下游需求逐步明确，国内动力电池厂商2016-2017年纷纷扩大产能，尤其是三元电池的扩张，进一步提升了对钴的需求因此从废旧电池中回收再利用钴也越来越具有经济性。对企业而言，动力电池回收蕴藏着巨大的商机，经过回收处理，可以为电池生产商节约原材料成本。此外，动力电池回收还与政府建设低碳经济和环境友好型社会密切相关。
电动汽车的动力电池性能会随着充电次数的增加而衰减，当电池容量衰减至额定容量的80％以下时，动力电池就不适于应用在电动汽车上，这意味着其在电动汽车上的使用寿命终止。如果直接将电池淘汰，必将造成资源的严重浪费，同时也会导致环境污染。动力电池梯次利用的意义在于从电池原材料的电池全生命周期使用角度考虑，可以降低电池成本，避免环境污染，梯次利用的流程可以分为三步：先对回收的电池进行筛选，然后进行电池的串并联包装整合，最后进行充放电的管理，外加入BMS，设计容量和功率的匹配，由于梯次利用的锂电池为长期或短期使用过的电池，而且损耗程度和理化性质均有差异，因此在梯次利用的串并联过程中采用普通的薄膜包装安全性不够好，在实际使用中容易发生危险。
发明内容
本发明的目的是提供了一种新能源锂电池梯次利用强化薄膜及其加工方法，该薄膜主要用于在锂电池梯次利用串并联过程中对组合后的锂电池或锂电池组进行整合包装，提高梯次利用锂电池的安全性，减少后期使用过程中安全事故的发生。
为了实现上述目的，本发明采用的技术方案如下：
一种新能源锂电池梯次利用强化薄膜，包括从上到下的四层结构，所述的四层结构从上到下分别为防爆层、第一强化层、粘合层和第二强化层；
本发明还公开了基于上述一种新能源锂电池梯次利用强化薄膜的加工方法，包括：
步骤一，加工第一强化层，在20-25度加工车间环境下，采用自动喷砂机对原料PET薄膜进行喷砂处理10-15min，其中滚轴速度控制在1-2m/min，喷枪移动速度为7-8m/min，喷射角度为10-20度，静置备用；
步骤二，加工第二强化层，采用聚氨酯甲基丙烯酸酯为原料，添加稀释剂和光引发剂混合反应，制备涂料，再通过涂料机将涂料均匀涂覆再原料PET薄膜表面，静置备用，所述的稀释剂为1、6-己二醇二丙烯酸，所述的光引发剂采用1-羟基环已基苯基酮，其中聚氨酯甲基丙烯酸酯、稀释剂和光引发剂质量分数比例为17:1:1，反应时间控制在4-6min；
步骤三，采用热塑性树脂为原材料制作粘合层，将粘合层置于步骤一和步骤二中加工好的第一强化层和第二强化层之间，加热加压粘合，所述的热塑性树脂采用聚烯烃或丙烯酸酯；
步骤四，采用安装胶粘剂将防爆层与第一强化层外侧粘合在一起，所述的防爆层由抗磨层、PET安全基层和金属隔离层组成，所述的抗磨层采用聚氨酯材料制得，所述的PET安全基层采用PET聚酯与颜料熔融拉伸制得，所述的金属隔离层采用真空蒸镀再PET膜上蒸镀纳米级铝金属层制得。
进一步，所述的稀释剂使用前在80-85度下抽真空干燥2-2.5小时。
与已有技术相比，本发明的有益效果如下：
本发明中的第二强化层通过表面涂层材料，可以提高原PET薄膜的耐磨性能和抗划抗拉性能，与串并联梯次利用锂电池直接贴合，可以提高串并联后锂电池或电池组的稳定性，也减少锂电池对薄膜的直接划伤；通过粘合层增加第一强化层和第二强化层结合的紧密程度，提高强化薄膜的整体密封性和强度；第一强化层的机械处理，可以提高该层原PET薄膜的粗糙度附着力，使得该层与防爆层结合更紧固，最后通过最外侧的防爆层实现对内部梯次利用串并联后锂电池的防爆保护，提高梯次利用锂电池的安全性，减少后期使用过程中安全事故的发生,可以加快梯次利用锂电池的推广普及。
附图说明
图1为本发明整体内部结构示意图；
图中：1、防爆层；2、第一强化层；3、第二强化层；4、粘合层。
具体实施方式
为了使发明实现的技术手段、创作特征、达成目的与功效易于明白了解，下面结合具体图示，进一步阐述本发明，本领域普通技术人员根据这些实施方式所作的功能、方法或者结构上的等效变换或替代，均属于本发明的保护范围之内。
如图1所示，一种新能源锂电池梯次利用强化薄膜，包括从上到下的四层结构，所述的四层结构从上到下分别为防爆层1、第一强化层2、粘合层4和第二强化层3；
本发明还公开了基于上述一种新能源锂电池梯次利用强化薄膜的加工方法，包括：
步骤一，加工第一强化层2，在20-25度加工车间环境下，采用自动喷砂机(塑料薄膜自动喷砂机型号SR-9070-2)对原料PET薄膜进行喷砂处理15min，其中滚轴速度控制在2m/min，喷枪移动速度为8m/min，喷射角度为20度，静置备用；
步骤二，加工第二强化层3，采用聚氨酯甲基丙烯酸酯为原料，添加稀释剂和光引发剂混合反应，制备涂料，再通过涂料机将涂料均匀涂覆再原料PET薄膜表面，静置备用，所述的稀释剂为1、6-己二醇二丙烯酸，光引发剂采用1-羟基环已基苯基酮，其中聚氨酯甲基丙烯酸酯、稀释剂和光引发剂质量分数比例为17:1:1，反应时间控制在4-6min，过程中可以加入质量分数0.3％的催化剂，提高反应产物质量，稀释剂使用前在85度下抽真空干燥2.5小时，反应温度控制在70-90度，反应过程中逐步提高温度，前3小时反应温度控制在70度左右，之后在进行2小时的反应，温度由70提升到90度；
步骤三，采用热塑性树脂为原材料制作粘合层4，将粘合层4置于步骤一和步骤二中加工好的第一强化层2和第二强化层3之间，加热加压粘合，热塑性树脂采用聚烯烃或丙烯酸酯；
步骤四，采用安装胶粘剂将防爆层1与第一强化层2外侧粘合在一起，防爆层1由抗磨层、PET安全基层和金属隔离层组成，抗磨层采用聚氨酯材料制得，PET安全基层采用PET聚酯与颜料熔融拉伸制得，金属隔离层采用真空蒸镀再PET膜上蒸镀纳米级铝金属层制得。
以上显示和描述了本发明的基本原理和主要特征以及本发明的优点。本行业的技术人员应该了解，本发明不受上述实施例的限制，上述实施例和说明书中描述的只是说明本发明的原理，在不脱离本发明精神和范围的前提下，本发明还会有各种变化和改进，这些变化和改进都落入要求保护的本发明范围内。本发明要求保护范围由所附的权利要求书及其等效物界定。

Claims (2)

1.一种新能源锂电池梯次利用强化薄膜，其特征在于：包括从上到下的四层结构，所述的四层结构从上到下分别为防爆层、第一强化层、粘合层和第二强化层；
基于上述一种新能源锂电池梯次利用强化薄膜的加工方法，包括：
步骤一，加工第一强化层，在20-25度加工车间环境下，采用自动喷砂机对原料PET薄膜进行喷砂处理10-15min，其中滚轴速度控制在1-2m/min，喷枪移动速度为7-8m/min，喷射角度为10-20度，静置备用；
步骤二，加工第二强化层，采用聚氨酯甲基丙烯酸酯为原料，添加稀释剂和光引发剂混合反应，制备涂料，再通过涂料机将涂料均匀涂覆再原料PET薄膜表面，静置备用，所述的稀释剂为1、6-己二醇二丙烯酸，所述的光引发剂采用1-羟基环已基苯基酮，其中聚氨酯甲基丙烯酸酯、稀释剂和光引发剂质量分数比例为17:1:1，反应时间控制在4-6min；
步骤三，采用热塑性树脂为原材料制作粘合层，将粘合层置于步骤一和步骤二中加工好的第一强化层和第二强化层之间，加热加压粘合，所述的热塑性树脂采用聚烯烃或丙烯酸酯；
步骤四，采用安装胶粘剂将防爆层与第一强化层外侧粘合在一起，所述的防爆层由抗磨层、PET安全基层和金属隔离层组成，所述的抗磨层采用聚氨酯材料制得，所述的PET安全基层采用PET聚酯与颜料熔融拉伸制得，所述的金属隔离层采用真空蒸镀再PET膜上蒸镀纳米级铝金属层制得。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种新能源锂电池梯次利用强化薄膜的加工方法，其特征在于：所述的稀释剂使用前在80-85度下抽真空干燥2-2.5小时。
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