CN110220834A - Visualize three axis seepage tests methods of Single Fracture rock stress-seepage flow coupling sample - Google Patents
Visualize three axis seepage tests methods of Single Fracture rock stress-seepage flow coupling sample Download PDFInfo
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N15/00—Investigating characteristics of particles; Investigating permeability, pore-volume or surface-area of porous materials
- G01N15/08—Investigating permeability, pore-volume, or surface area of porous materials
- G01N15/082—Investigating permeability by forcing a fluid through a sample
- G01N15/0826—Investigating permeability by forcing a fluid through a sample and measuring fluid flow rate, i.e. permeation rate or pressure change
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of three axis seepage tests methods of visualization Single Fracture rock stress-seepage flow coupling sample, including step 1, transparent Rock Matrix sample production；Step 2, crack and precrack production；Step 3, Single Fracture rock stress-seepage flow coupling sample production；Step 4, standard gypsum sample makes；Step 5, initial infiltration coefficient determines；Step 6, Single Fracture rock stress-seepage flow coupling sample and true triaxil tester clamping；Step 7, true triaxial seepage tests；Step 8, seepage tests are compared.The present invention can prepare visual Single Fracture rock stress-seepage flow coupling sample, can track and record to complete test process, can accurately describe Single Fracture sample the development process of crackle and the variation of corresponding infiltration coefficient under the conditions of stress-seepage coupling.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to rock mechanics and rock mechanics experiment field, especially a kind of visualization Single Fracture rock stress-
Three axis seepage tests methods of seepage flow coupling sample.
Background technique
Rock is a kind of natural percolating medium for originating from nature, from Rock Matrix and all kinds of defects constitute it is a kind of respectively to
Anisotropic multiphase body.Defect is mainly by tomography, joint, crack, hole etc..The change of rock stress field accelerates preservation in rock mass
Crack propagation influences the permeability of rock mass in turn, accelerates the destruction of rock mass, this influence each other just is defined as seepage flow and stress
Coupling.In recent years, as a series of being constructed and put into operation for large-scale hydroelectric projects such as Three Gorges Dam, white crane beach power station make
With so that rock mass is in high confining pressure and the research of Thief zone water pressure stress-seepage coupling at current ROCK MECHANICS RESEARCH field
Emphasis research topic, rock mass internal crack cracking to penetrate through Meso process become of crucial importance.
To crack in rock mass, the cracking of seepage characteristic and crackle under the conditions of stress-seepage coupling carries out domestic and foreign scholars
Primary Study has obtained certain research achievement, but the extension in crack in rock mass is still rested on theory deduction stage and
The numerical simulation stage compares without visual test result.
In terms of test apparatus, notification number is the Chinese invention patent of 109253962 A of CN, discloses " rock three-axis force
Learn Penetration Signature tester and test method ".
The Chinese utility model patent of 208334085 U of notification number CN discloses " a kind of three axis seepage flow test devices ".
The stress seepage flow that above-mentioned two patent proposes rock sample couples instrument and corresponding test method, although can
To obtain the infiltration coefficient of the rock sample under corresponding conditions, however but have the disadvantage that
1, cylindrical sample is only capable of that the different operating condition of circumferential stress cannot be reacted well in big confining pressures such as surrounding additions.
2, above-mentioned test method carries out stress-seepage coupling test in sample under confined conditions, visual poor, examination
The development condition of sample underbead crack can not be learnt, be only capable of obtaining the final failure mode of sample, therefore later period numerical simulation is broken
Bad process can not compare verifying.
3, the percolation path in rock sample can not be obtained accurately, be only capable of obtaining the infiltration coefficient variation rule of rock sample
Rule.
Therefore, a kind of Seepage of Rock Masses sample preparation having high visualization and test method are at current rock seepage flow
Mechanics field urgent problem to be solved.
Summary of the invention
In view of the above-mentioned deficiencies of the prior art, the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a kind of visualization Single Fractures
Three axis seepage tests methods of rock stress-seepage flow coupling sample, the visualization Single Fracture rock stress-seepage flow coupling sample
Three axis seepage tests methods can prepare visual Single Fracture rock stress-seepage flow coupling sample, can to complete test process into
Line trace record can accurately describe Single Fracture sample development process of crackle and right under the conditions of stress-seepage coupling
The infiltration coefficient variation answered.
In order to solve the above technical problems, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is that:
A kind of three axis seepage tests methods of visualization Single Fracture rock stress-seepage flow coupling sample, include the following steps.
Step 1, transparent Rock Matrix sample production: using modified organic glass as material, cutting forms two pieces of lengths
It is the transparent Rock Matrix sample of cuboid of a mm*b mm*a mm；Wherein, a > 2b；In every piece of transparent Rock Matrix sample,
Maximum two sides of area are transparent observing side.
Step 2, crack and precrack production: two pieces of transparent Rock Matrix sample laid parallels that step 1 is made and
Position is fixed, and is formed the cube that side length is a mm, is formed between the transparent observing side of two pieces of transparent Rock Matrix samples thick
Degree is the crack of c mm；Wherein, c=a-2b；The borneol of at least one piece set angle, ice are preset at precrack in crack
The both ends of piece are contacted with the transparent observing lateral surface compressing of two sides.
Step 3, Single Fracture rock stress-seepage flow coupling sample production, includes the following steps.
Step 31, fissuted medium filled cavity is formed: being carried out at the both-side opening in the crack that step 2 is formed using sealant
Sealing forms fissuted medium filled cavity.
Step 32, fissuted medium is filled: the gypsum mortar stirred evenly being filled in fissuted medium filled cavity, due to stone
Cream hydration reaction generates heat, therefore the transparent observing side rapid link of gypsum mortar and two pieces of transparent Rock Matrix samples is formed
Cube whole sample that one side length is a mm；Meanwhile preset borneol melts in step 2, forms default crackle.
Step 33, sample conserves: it is 20 ± 1 DEG C that a cube whole sample, which is put into temperature, the thermostatic curing of humidity >=90%
Maintenance no less than 7 days in case, cube whole sample for conserving completion are the Single Fracture rock stress-seepage flow coupling to complete
Sample.
Step 4, standard gypsum sample makes: using the gypsum mortar in step 32, making the standard stone that side length is a mm
Cream sample, and conserved according to the method for step 33；Wherein, have and Single Fracture rock stress-infiltration in standard gypsum sample
The identical precrack of stream coupling sample.
Step 5, initial infiltration coefficient determines: the standard gypsum specimen clamping that step 4 is made carries out in true triaxil tester
The permeability test under infiltration condition is set, the infiltration coefficient of the standard gypsum sample measured is initial infiltration coefficient.
Step 6, Single Fracture rock stress-seepage flow coupling sample and true triaxil tester clamping: the simple check that step 3 is completed
Gap rock stress-seepage flow coupling specimen clamping is placed in chamber in the sample of true triaxil tester, makes Single Fracture rock stress-seepage flow coupling
Each side of sample is respectively mounted a loading device, and then can realize X to, Y to Single Fracture rock stress-seepage flow coupling sample
Load is pressed to the axis with Z-direction；Wherein, it is contacted with transparent observing side in one or two loading devices of installation and is built-in with camera shooting
Head；It is Z-direction osmotic pressure loading head, the height of Z-direction osmotic pressure loading head and true triaxil tester with the loading device being in contact at the top of crack
Pressure infiltration water tank is connected, and being added in the water body in high-pressure osmosis water tank has macromolecule organic dyestuff.
Step 7, true triaxial seepage tests: the true triaxil tester in step 6 is according to setting condition identical with step 5, to list
Fissure rock stress-seepage coupling sample carries out permeability test；Camera is by the seepage flow road during captured in real-time permeability test
Diameter image simultaneously sends computer to, and computer also carries out Single Fracture rock stress-seepage flow coupling sample infiltration coefficient real-time
Acquisition, when Single Fracture rock stress-seepage flow coupling sample infiltration coefficient reaches two of the initial infiltration coefficient that step 6 determines
When more than the order of magnitude, it is considered as Single Fracture rock stress-seepage flow coupling sample and destroys completely, terminate this group of true triaxial seepage tests.
Further include step 8, compare seepage tests: replacement setting infiltration condition repeats step 1 to step 7, comparative analysis is not
With the extension of the crack rock crackle under setting infiltration condition and the influence situation of infiltration coefficient；Wherein, different set is permeated
Condition is any of different precrack inclination angles, seepage water pressure, axial compressive force or lateral pressure or combination.
In step 32, the constituent of gypsum mortar is that gypsum, fine sand, water, gypsum naphthalene water reducer and polysiloxanes are hated
Aqua, the weight ratio of constituent are 1:1:0.5:0.02:0.05.
In step 8, the inclination angle of precrack is 0 °, 45 °, 90 ° or 135 °.
In step 8, seepage water pressure increases in gradient, and seepage water pressure gradient is 0.5MP, 1MP, 2MP and 4MP.
In step 2, two pieces of borneols being parallel to each other are preset at precrack in crack, borneol is horizontal by setting
Angle.
By changing the width b value of transparent Rock Matrix sample, and then adjust the thickness value in crack.
In step 6, Single Fracture rock stress-be provided between seepage flow coupling sample and the loading device of top and bottom
Waterproofing device, waterproofing device include block water steel plate and rubber washer；It blocks water to offer in the middle part of steel plate and be formed by several permeable holes
Permeable region, permeable region is located at the top or bottom in crack, and rubber washer is nested in the periphery positioned at permeable region.
Camera is that high speed dynamic captures miniature webcam.
Modified organic glass is the organic glass containing 7% methacrylic acid barium.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
1, the present invention can prepare visual Single Fracture rock stress-seepage flow coupling sample, and be in cube, can simulate
Under water pressure and the different operating condition of X, Y, Z three-way axis pressure, Single Fracture rock stress-seepage flow coupling sample rupture process with
And infiltration coefficient change procedure, while solving the problems, such as that cylindrical stress-seepage coupling sample lateral stress is identical.
2, the present invention is not required to wrap up impermeable layer outside Single Fracture rock stress-seepage flow coupling sample, by seeping water up and down
Waterproofing device is installed in face, can control flow path in Single Fracture, and with dye tracers, (namely macromolecule has engine dyeing to auxiliary
Material) and the camera that is built in loading device complete test process is tracked and recorded, Single Fracture can be described accurately
Sample the development process of crackle and the variation of corresponding infiltration coefficient under the conditions of stress-seepage coupling, overcome traditional sound hair
Penetrate the big problem of method error.
3, the addition manner of precrack can reduce the influence to sample to the maximum extent in the present invention, preferable to guarantee
The physico-mechanical properties of sample.
4, the extreme enrichment of the present invention visualization in true triaxial seepage flow sample field.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the process of three axis seepage tests methods of present invention visualization Single Fracture rock stress-seepage flow coupling sample
Figure.
Fig. 2 shows the schematic diagram for the transparent Rock Matrix sample that two pieces are placed in parallel.
Fig. 3 shows the filled Single Fracture rock stress of fissuted medium-seepage flow coupling sample structure chart.
Fig. 4 shows the set angle schematic diagram at several different precracks inclination angles.
Fig. 5 shows Single Fracture rock stress-seepage flow coupling sample and true triaxil tester clamping schematic diagram.
Fig. 6 shows the structural schematic diagram of Y-axis loading device.
Fig. 7 shows the structural schematic diagram of waterproofing device.
Fig. 8 shows PFC2D numerical simulation figure.
Wherein have: 1. transparent Rock Matrix samples；2. borneol；3. ring flange；4.Y axis loading device；5.X axis load dress
It sets；6.Z axis loading device；7. sample places chamber；8. data line；9. ring flange；10. pressurize steel connector；11. camera；
12. transparent hush panel；13. permeable hole；14. rubber washer；15. block water steel plate.
Specific embodiment
Xia Mianjiehefutuhejuti compare Jia Shishifangshiduibenfamingzuojinyibuxiangxishuoming.
In description of the invention, it is to be understood that the side of the instructions such as term " left side ", " right side ", " top ", " lower part "
Position or positional relationship are to be based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and are merely for convenience of description of the present invention and simplification of the description,
Rather than the device or element of indication or suggestion meaning must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, " the
One ", " second " etc. is not offered as the significance level of components, therefore is not considered as limiting the invention.In the present embodiment
The specific size of use technical solution solely for the purpose of illustration, is not intended to limit protection scope of the present invention.
As shown in Figure 1, a kind of three axis seepage tests methods of visualization Single Fracture rock stress-seepage flow coupling sample, packet
Include following steps.
Step 1, transparent Rock Matrix sample production: using modified organic glass as material, cutting forms two pieces of lengths
It is the transparent Rock Matrix sample of cuboid of a mm*b mm*a mm；Wherein, a > 2b.In the present invention, with a=100mm, b=
It is illustrated for 48mm.
Poly-methyl methacrylate is extremely commonly called as organic glass, is that light transmittance light transmittance is greater than 92% best product in current plastics
Kind, it is widely used in building, culture and education, navigation, aviation and daily life etc..Organic glass not only has excellent optics
Performance, and there are also good weatherability, resistance to acid and alkali, dimensional stability, insulating properties and mechanical strengths.Because organic glass
Good physical mechanical property, therefore can apply in rock seepage flow field.The modified organic glass applied herein is by using ion
Cross-linked modification method is made, and parameters are close with rock.Herein by have modifying machine glass simulate impervious rock matrix, stone
Cream mortar simulates permeable crack, has opened up the specimen method of current similarity model test.
The method of bulk copolyrnerization is mainly by copolymerization, is crosslinked and orientation stretching improves the heat resistance of organic glass
And toughness introduces highly polar group or forms hydrogen bond to enhance the active force between polymer molecule, and reach and improve polymer heat surely
The purpose of qualitative and certain intensity.Compared with chemical crosslinking, physical crosslinking can improve polymer certain physical properties and
Linear structure is kept, does not influence its molding processibility.The modified organic glass used herein is made for Xu Wenying etc. contains 7% methyl
The organic glass of acrylic acid barium, it is seen that light transmittance 85%, glass transition temperature are 200 DEG C, and surface hardness is than common organic glass
Glass improves 44%, and has stronger anti-radiation performance and solvent resistance.
The physico-mechanical properties comparison of modified organic glass of the invention and weak decayed basalt see the table below:
Modified organic glass and physical-mechanical properties of rock contrast table
As can be seen from the above table, modified organic glass material and weak decayed basalt have very big similar on physico-mechanical properties
Point.Identical as rock medium simultaneously, modified organic glass is also viscoelasto-plastic material, and load-deformation curve meets viscoelastic plasticity
Rule, and have very strong visualization.
In above-mentioned every piece of transparent Rock Matrix sample, maximum two sides of area are transparent observing side.Transparent sight
It examines side preferably to mechanically polish by polishing machine, improves the transparency of transparent Rock Matrix sample.
Step 2, crack and precrack production.
By step 1 make two pieces of transparent Rock Matrix sample laid parallels are on ground or platform and position is fixed, shape
It is the cube of a mm at side length, forms thickness as shown in Figure 2 between the transparent observing side of two pieces of transparent Rock Matrix samples
Degree is the crack of c mm；Wherein, c=a-2b, the present invention in c be preferably 4mm.Crack thickness value, which can according to need, to be adjusted.
Specific method of adjustment are as follows: by changing the width b value of transparent Rock Matrix sample, and then adjust the thickness value in crack.
Be preset with the borneol of at least one piece set angle at precrack in crack, the both ends of borneol and two sides it is transparent
Observation side face pressure close contact.
As shown in figure 4, be preset with two pieces of borneols being parallel to each other at precrack in crack, borneol is horizontal by setting
Determine angle.A, b, c, d figure in Fig. 4 respectively indicates borneol horizontal by 0 °, 45 °, 90 ° and 135 °.
The thickness of above-mentioned borneol is preferably 5mm, is put in reserved location according to design angle (such as 0 °, 45 °, 90 °, 135 °)
In (namely at precrack), the transparent Rock Matrix sample of two sides is fixed with metal fixture, metal grip force should not be too large, to prevent
Damage prefabricated borneol.
Step 3, Single Fracture rock stress-seepage flow coupling sample production, includes the following steps.
Step 31, fissuted medium filled cavity is formed: at the both-side opening in the crack that step 2 is formed (such as using sealant
Water-stop glue) it is sealed, form fissuted medium filled cavity.
Step 32, fissuted medium is filled: the gypsum mortar stirred evenly being filled in fissuted medium filled cavity, due to stone
Cream hydration reaction generates heat, therefore the transparent observing side rapid link of gypsum mortar and two pieces of transparent Rock Matrix samples is formed
Cube whole sample that one side length as shown in Figure 3 is a mm.
The constituent of above-mentioned gypsum mortar is preferably gypsum, fine sand, water, gypsum naphthalene water reducer and polysiloxanes hydrophobic
Agent, the weight ratio of constituent are 1:1:0.5:0.02:0.05.Configuration method is preferred are as follows: preferably first by gypsum, fine sand, diminishing
Agent and polysiloxanes hydrophober stir evenly, and slowly add water to standard requirements, to gypsum mortar without agglomeration and mobility it is higher
When stop stirring.
It since above-mentioned gypsum hydration reaction generates amount of heat, and solidifies comparatively fast, can have when ice melting certain strong
Degree.It is ice melting, default crackle is formed, the water body after thawing is oozed out with hole, and the Single Fracture sample of precrack has good
Good physical property, shape will not change.
Step 33, sample conserves: it is 20 ± 1 DEG C that a cube whole sample, which is put into temperature, the thermostatic curing of humidity >=90%
Maintenance no less than 7 days in case, cube whole sample for conserving completion are the Single Fracture rock stress-seepage flow coupling to complete
Sample.
Step 4, standard gypsum sample makes: using the gypsum mortar in step 32, making the standard that side length is a=100mm
Gypsum sample, and conserved according to the method for step 33；Wherein, have and Single Fracture rock stress-in standard gypsum sample
Seepage flow couples the identical precrack of sample.
Step 5, initial infiltration coefficient determines: the standard gypsum specimen clamping that step 4 is made carries out in true triaxil tester
The permeability test under infiltration condition is set, the infiltration coefficient of the standard gypsum sample measured is initial infiltration coefficient.
Step 6, Single Fracture rock stress-seepage flow coupling sample and true triaxil tester clamping.
As shown in figure 5, the Single Fracture rock stress that step 3 is completed-seepage flow coupling specimen clamping is in true triaxil tester
Sample place in chamber 7, make six sides of Single Fracture rock stress-seepage flow coupling sample that one loading device to be respectively installed, into
And X can be realized to Single Fracture rock stress-seepage flow coupling sample and presses load to the axis of, Y-direction and Z-direction.The pressure of each loading device
Power range can be adjusted in 0.5MP ~ 20MP.
In Fig. 5, two loading devices that installation is contacted with transparent observing side (also referred to as left and right side) are known as Y-axis load dress
4 are set, two loading devices that installation is contacted with front and back sides are known as X-axis loading device 5, two with the installation of upper and lower two sides face contact
A loading device is known as Z axis loading device 6.
As shown in fig. 6, Y-axis loading device includes pressurization steel connector 10, pressurization steel connector is towards in transparent observing side
Center portion position is built-in with camera 11 or camera, and camera is preferably that high speed dynamic captures miniature webcam.The outside of camera is excellent
Choosing is provided with transparent hush panel 12, and transparent hush panel can avoid the damage in loading procedure to camera.
Pressurization steel connector preferably passes through ring flange 9 and connects jack, in jack in the control of oil pressure and camera
Camera shooting document is preferably connect with controlling terminal (computer) by data line 8, realization to triaxial pressure in true triaxil tester,
The integrated processing of seepage pressure, test data and test behaviour progress video.
When load, the loading method of Y-axis loading device preferably selects gradient off-load to load, research Single Fracture precrack examination
Crack propagation and infiltration coefficient situation of change of the sample in three elasticity, elastoplasticity and plasticity different phases.
Z axis loading device at the top of Single Fracture rock stress-seepage flow coupling sample connects osmotic pressure loading head, so
Also referred to as Z-direction osmotic pressure loading head provides the pressurization of Z-direction osmotic pressure, and osmolarity ranges are adjustable with pressure-loaded range.
Z-direction osmotic pressure loading head is connected with the high-pressure osmosis water tank of true triaxil tester, in the water body in high-pressure osmosis water tank
Addition has macromolecule organic dyestuff.
Above-mentioned macromolecule organic dye molecule partial size is larger, not easily passs through fine and close hole in gypsum, can be produced by pressurization
Raw crackle exudation, can be with the expansion process of the entire sample internal fissure of tracer, and avoids entire gypsum fissure-plane and entirely dye
The case where.
As shown in fig. 7, between Single Fracture rock stress-seepage flow coupling sample upper bottom surface and Z axis loading device respectively
Equipped with waterproofing device, waterproofing device preferably includes block water steel plate 15 and rubber washer 14；It blocks water and offers by several in the middle part of steel plate
The permeable region that a permeable hole 13 is formed, permeable region are located at the top or bottom in crack, and rubber washer is nested in positioned at permeable
The periphery in region.The preferred Single Fracture rock stress of the area of plane of the above-mentioned steel plate that blocks water-seepage flow coupling sample top surface area phase
Together, rubber washer thickness is greater than the round card slot reserved on the steel plate that blocks water, and after applying axial stress, rubber washer is extruded pressure
It is real, it is ensured that the infiltration hydraulic pressure of Z-direction is entered in sample crack by permeable hole, realizes that the development of crack internal fissure is passed through jointly with confining pressure
It is logical, avoid the leakage of high pressure water.Camera records the expansion process of coloured water flow simultaneously, records the thin sight perforation of entire crackle
Process.
Step 7, true triaxial seepage tests: the true triaxil tester in step 6 is according to setting condition identical with step 5, to list
Fissure rock stress-seepage coupling sample carries out permeability test；Camera is by the seepage flow road during captured in real-time permeability test
Diameter image simultaneously sends computer to, and computer also carries out Single Fracture rock stress-seepage flow coupling sample infiltration coefficient real-time
Acquisition, when Single Fracture rock stress-seepage flow coupling sample infiltration coefficient reaches two of the initial infiltration coefficient that step 6 determines
When more than the order of magnitude (namely 100 times), it is considered as Single Fracture rock stress-seepage flow coupling sample and destroys completely, terminate the group true three
Axis seepage tests.
Step 8, compare seepage tests: replacement setting infiltration condition repeats step 1 to step 7, comparative analysis different set
The extension of crack rock crackle under infiltration condition and the influence situation of infiltration coefficient；Wherein, different set infiltration condition is
Any or combination at different precrack inclination angles, seepage water pressure, axial compressive force or lateral pressure.Wherein, precrack
Inclination angle is 0 °, 45 °, 90 ° or 135 ° etc..Seepage water pressure increases in gradient, seepage water pressure gradient be 0.5MP, 1MP, 2MP and
4MP etc..
After the end of the test, numerical simulation is carried out by particle stream software PFC2D, modeled as shown in figure 8, black region mould
Quasi- fissuted medium binding material, gray area are Prefabricated parallel crackle, this model is carried out triaxial compressions mould in PFC software
It is quasi-.According to different operating condition of test, different modeling schemes is set, finally by the image of analog result and high-definition camera shooting
It compares, the accuracy of the expansion process result of crackle is high under the different condition that verification test obtains.
The preferred embodiment of the present invention has been described above in detail, still, during present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above
Detail a variety of equivalents can be carried out to technical solution of the present invention within the scope of the technical concept of the present invention, this
A little equivalents all belong to the scope of protection of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. visualizing three axis seepage tests methods of Single Fracture rock stress-seepage flow coupling sample, it is characterised in that: including as follows
Step:
Step 1, transparent Rock Matrix sample production: using modified organic glass as material, it is a that cutting, which forms two pieces of lengths,
The transparent Rock Matrix sample of the cuboid of mm*b mm*a mm；Wherein, a > 2b；In every piece of transparent Rock Matrix sample, area is most
Two big sides are transparent observing side；
Step 2, crack and precrack production: two pieces of transparent Rock Matrix sample laid parallels that step 1 is made and position
It is fixed, the cube that side length is a mm is formed, is formed between the transparent observing side of two pieces of transparent Rock Matrix samples with a thickness of c
The crack of mm；Wherein, c=a-2b；It is preset with the borneol of at least one piece set angle at precrack in crack, the two of borneol
End is contacted with the transparent observing lateral surface compressing of two sides；
Step 3, Single Fracture rock stress-seepage flow coupling sample production, includes the following steps:
Step 31, fissuted medium filled cavity is formed: close using sealant progress at the both-side opening in the crack that step 2 is formed
Envelope forms fissuted medium filled cavity；
Step 32, fissuted medium is filled: the gypsum mortar stirred evenly being filled in fissuted medium filled cavity, due to parget water
Change reaction and generate heat, therefore the transparent observing side rapid link of gypsum mortar and two pieces of transparent Rock Matrix samples forms one
Cube whole sample that side length is a mm；Meanwhile preset borneol melts in step 2, forms default crackle；
Step 33, sample conserves: it is 20 ± 1 DEG C that a cube whole sample, which is put into temperature, in the thermostatic curing case of humidity >=90%
Maintenance no less than 7 days, cube whole sample for conserving completion was the Single Fracture rock stress-seepage flow coupling examination to complete
Sample；
Step 4, standard gypsum sample makes: using the gypsum mortar in step 32, making the standard gypsum that side length is a mm and tries
Sample, and conserved according to the method for step 33；Wherein, have and Single Fracture rock stress-seepage flow coupling in standard gypsum sample
Close the identical precrack of sample；
Step 5, initial infiltration coefficient determines: the standard gypsum specimen clamping that step 4 is made is set in true triaxil tester
Permeability test under infiltration condition, the infiltration coefficient of the standard gypsum sample measured are initial infiltration coefficient；
Step 6, Single Fracture rock stress-seepage flow coupling sample and true triaxil tester clamping: the Single Fracture rock that step 3 is completed
Stone stress-seepage coupling specimen clamping is placed in chamber in the sample of true triaxil tester, makes Single Fracture rock stress-seepage flow coupling sample
Each side be respectively mounted a loading device, and then Single Fracture rock stress-seepage flow coupling sample can be realized X to, Y-direction and
The axis of Z-direction presses load；Wherein, it is contacted with transparent observing side in one or two loading devices of installation and is built-in with camera；With
The loading device being in contact at the top of crack is Z-direction osmotic pressure loading head, the high-pressure osmosis of Z-direction osmotic pressure loading head and true triaxil tester
Water tank is connected, and being added in the water body in high-pressure osmosis water tank has macromolecule organic dyestuff；
Step 7, true triaxial seepage tests: the true triaxil tester in step 6 is according to setting condition identical with step 5, to Single Fracture
Rock stress-seepage flow coupling sample carries out permeability test；Camera is by the percolation path figure during captured in real-time permeability test
Picture simultaneously sends computer to, and computer also acquires Single Fracture rock stress-seepage flow coupling sample infiltration coefficient in real time,
When Single Fracture rock stress-seepage flow coupling sample infiltration coefficient reaches two quantity of the initial infiltration coefficient that step 6 determines
Grade or more when, be considered as Single Fracture rock stress-seepage flow coupling sample and destroy completely, terminate this group of true triaxial seepage tests.
2. three axis seepage tests methods of visualization Single Fracture rock stress according to claim 1-seepage flow coupling sample,
It is characterized by also including steps 8, compare seepage tests: replacement setting infiltration condition repeats step 1 to step 7, to score
Analyse the extension of the crack rock crackle under different set infiltration condition and the influence situation of infiltration coefficient；Wherein, different set
Infiltration condition is any of different precrack inclination angles, seepage water pressure, axial compressive force or lateral pressure or combination.
3. three axis seepage tests sides of visualization Single Fracture rock stress according to claim 1 or 2-seepage flow coupling sample
Method, it is characterised in that: in step 32, the constituent of gypsum mortar is gypsum, fine sand, water, gypsum naphthalene water reducer and poly- silicon
Oxygen alkane hydrophober, the weight ratio of constituent are 1:1:0.5:0.02:0.05.
4. three axis seepage tests methods of visualization Single Fracture rock stress according to claim 2-seepage flow coupling sample,
It is characterized by: the inclination angle of precrack is 0 °, 45 °, 90 ° or 135 ° in step 8.
5. three axis seepage tests methods of visualization Single Fracture rock stress according to claim 2-seepage flow coupling sample,
It is characterized by: seepage water pressure increases in gradient in step 8, seepage water pressure gradient is 0.5MP, 1MP, 2MP and 4MP.
6. three axis seepage tests methods of visualization Single Fracture rock stress according to claim 1-seepage flow coupling sample,
It is characterized by: in step 2, be preset with two pieces of borneols being parallel to each other at precrack in crack, borneol horizontal by
Set angle.
7. three axis seepage tests methods of visualization Single Fracture rock stress according to claim 1-seepage flow coupling sample,
It is characterized by: by the width b value for changing transparent Rock Matrix sample, and then adjust the thickness value in crack.
8. three axis seepage tests methods of visualization Single Fracture rock stress according to claim 1-seepage flow coupling sample,
It is characterized by: in step 6, Single Fracture rock stress-be all provided between seepage flow coupling sample and the loading device of top and bottom
It is equipped with waterproofing device, waterproofing device includes block water steel plate and rubber washer；It blocks water and offers by several permeable holes in the middle part of steel plate
The permeable region formed, permeable region are located at the top or bottom in crack, and rubber washer is nested in the periphery positioned at permeable region.
9. three axis seepage tests methods of visualization Single Fracture rock stress according to claim 1-seepage flow coupling sample,
It is characterized by: camera is that high speed dynamic captures miniature webcam.
10. three axis seepage tests sides of visualization Single Fracture rock stress according to claim 1-seepage flow coupling sample
Method, it is characterised in that: modified organic glass is the organic glass containing 7% methacrylic acid barium.
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