CN116793916A - Water-gas-heat-force coupling seepage test device and method for tunnel face of fractured rock mass tunnel - Google Patents
Water-gas-heat-force coupling seepage test device and method for tunnel face of fractured rock mass tunnel Download PDFInfo
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- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 92
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 43
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 22
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 22
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 22
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title description 10
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 94
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Chemical compound O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 41
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000005485 electric heating Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000002912 waste gas Substances 0.000 claims description 11
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- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 3
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- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000013508 migration Methods 0.000 abstract description 8
- 230000005012 migration Effects 0.000 abstract description 8
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 abstract 1
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- G01N15/00—Investigating characteristics of particles; Investigating permeability, pore-volume or surface-area of porous materials
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N15/00—Investigating characteristics of particles; Investigating permeability, pore-volume or surface-area of porous materials
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Abstract
The invention provides a water-gas-heat-force coupling seepage test device and a water-gas-heat-force coupling seepage test method for a tunnel face of a fractured rock mass tunnel, wherein the water-gas-heat-force coupling seepage test device comprises a test box, a pressurizing plate for applying stress is arranged on the test box, the test device further comprises a water vapor production assembly, the water vapor production assembly is communicated with a mixing tank, the mixing tank is further communicated with a harmful gas storage tank, an air inlet plate is arranged in the test box, the air inlet plate is communicated with the mixing tank, so that a mixture of steam and harmful gas entering the air inlet plate can diffuse in the test box, and a sensor assembly is further arranged in the test box. Through mixing harmful gas and vapor, the seepage model test of four-phase coupling of water, gas, solid and heat of the fissure rock mass of the tunnel face is realized, and the water and gas migration in the tunnel under the complex condition can be simulated by controlling different gas types, seepage pressure, environmental humidity and surrounding rock tunnel space temperature, so that the water and gas seepage heat transfer rule under the complex geological condition of high temperature and high ground stress is explored.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of tunnel engineering, in particular to a water-gas-heat-force coupling seepage test device and method for a tunnel face of a fractured rock mass tunnel.
Background
With further deepening of traffic network construction in China, the number of tunnels under construction is rapidly increased in recent years, and the tunnel length and depth are also continuously increased. In general, the tunnel construction environment is in a relatively closed state, the physical and mental health of constructors is affected at the moment of changing the air quality, the temperature and humidity and other environmental factors in the tunnel, and particularly when the tunnel passes through the gas storage layer, a large amount of harmful gases (such as SO2, H2S, CO and the like) are flushed into the tunnel, SO that the life safety of on-site constructors is seriously threatened.
Usually, rock and soil bodies in stratum are in a certain stress field, and meanwhile, a higher temperature field is accompanied with the deep rock and soil bodies, so that rock stratum gas moves to a tunnel space along with cracks under the influence of stress and temperature in the tunnel excavation process. Aiming at different fracture characteristics and environmental influences, the gas migration rule in the fractured rock mass mainly comprises two types of Darcy flow and non-Darcy flow. The heat exchange processes of different seepage models are different, and the migration rules of different types of gases affected by heat exchange can also be obviously different. In particular, for water-soluble gases, the solubility is obviously affected by temperature, so that the migration rule in a rock stratum-tunnel under the high-temperature and high-humidity environment is more complex.
In-hole visible gas detection device provided by publication No. CN212027767U, in the prior art, through extracting in-hole gas, the type of the gas in the range of the advance section (drilling depth) of a working surface and the average gas concentration after mixing are detected and analyzed comprehensively, but the macroscopic migration rule of harmful gas from the stratum to the tunnel space under the influence of tunnel excavation unloading and high-ground temperature coupling cannot be reflected. The existing model test considers the migration of harmful gases in tunnels under different temperature and pressure conditions, but the gas types are relatively single, and the migration and release rules of water-soluble harmful gases under high-humidity high-temperature environment conditions are not considered.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a water-gas-heat-force coupling seepage test device and method for a tunnel face of a fractured rock mass tunnel, so as to solve the problems in the background technology.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:
the utility model provides a crack rock mass tunnel face water-gas-heat-power coupling seepage flow test device, includes the test box, be equipped with the pressurization board that is used for applying the stress on the test box, wherein:
the test device further comprises a water vapor production assembly, wherein the water vapor production assembly is communicated with the mixing tank, a heating resistance wire is arranged in the mixing tank, the mixing tank is further communicated with the harmful gas storage tank, an air inlet plate is arranged in the test box, the air inlet plate is communicated with the mixing tank, and then steam and harmful gas mixture entering the air inlet plate can diffuse in the test box, and a sensor assembly is further arranged in the test box.
Preferably, the steam production assembly consists of a water storage tank and an electric heating plate, wherein the water storage tank is communicated with the mixing tank, and the electric heating plate is contacted with the water storage tank and heats the water storage tank.
Preferably, the air inlet plate is a thin-wall hollow plate with a cavity structure, wherein the air inlet plate is provided with vent holes, and the air inlet plate is communicated with the mixing tank through a communicating pipe.
Preferably, the sensor assembly is composed of a harmful gas detection sensor, a temperature sensor, and a humidity sensor.
Preferably, a rubber pad is arranged at the top of the open-shaped test chamber, wherein the pressurizing plate acts on the rubber pad.
Preferably, the test device further comprises an exhaust gas collection system, wherein the exhaust gas collection system is comprised of an exhaust gas collection tank in communication with the test chamber and a fan.
Preferably, a refrigeration rod and an electric heating component are also arranged in the test box.
A water-gas-heat-force coupling seepage test method for a tunnel face of a fractured rock mass tunnel comprises the following steps:
s1, filling rock and soil materials in layers in a test box, firstly filling a rock and soil body in a crack development area in front of a tunnel face, placing an air inlet plate with high air permeability at a preset crack position in the filling process, processing the air inlet plate into any shape according to a prefabricated crack form so as to ensure that cracks are always kept in a through state in a model manufacturing process, then filling the rock and soil body at a tunnel position, and installing a harmful gas detection sensor, a temperature sensor and a humidity sensor in the tunnel;
s2, covering a rubber pad on the top of the test box after the tunnel model is built, communicating the mixing tank with the communicating pipe, inserting the refrigerating rod into a roadway, and communicating the waste gas collecting tank and the fan with the test box;
s3, starting the pressurizing plate to a preset pressure, and keeping the servo state of the pressurizing plate to complete simulation of different ground stress conditions;
s4, electrifying the electric heating component in the model box, adjusting the refrigerating rod in the tunnel to a preset temperature, and monitoring the temperature of the model rock mass and the temperature change in the tunnel until the model rock mass is stable and reaches the design temperature;
s5, opening a valve of the harmful gas storage tank, heating the water storage tank, conveying harmful gas and water vapor into the mixing tank through the vacuum pump, and switching on a heating resistance wire in the mixing tank until the preset pressure, temperature and humidity are reached;
s6, opening a valve between the mixing tank and the communicating pipe and a valve between the waste gas collecting tank and the test box, recording harmful gas concentration and temperature and humidity change data at different positions in the tunnel, and simultaneously recording the change data of the harmful gas concentration and the temperature and humidity in the waste gas collecting tank along with time, so as to complete data acquisition of a seepage test in the harmful gas tunnel;
s7, a fan is turned on, harmful gas concentration and temperature and humidity change data of different positions in the ventilated tunnel are recorded, and meanwhile, discharge amount of an exhaust gas collecting tank and temperature and humidity change data are recorded, so that the ventilation effect test of the tunnel is completed;
and S8, after the test is finished, closing a valve of the harmful gas storage tank and a valve between the mixing tank and the communicating pipe, and then leading positive pressure into the test box in a closed state by the fan to press out the gas in the test box, so that the harmful gas in the test box reaches the waste gas collecting tank until the monitored concentration meets the relevant standard.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) Through mixing of harmful gas and steam, the seepage model test of four-phase coupling of water-gas-heat-force of the fractured rock mass of the tunnel face is realized, and the water and gas migration in the tunnel under the complex condition can be simulated by controlling different gas types, seepage pressure, environmental humidity and surrounding rock tunnel space temperature, so that the water and gas seepage heat transfer rule under the complex geological condition of high temperature and high ground stress is explored.
(2) According to the invention, the rock-soil body cracks are prefabricated through the high-permeability air inlet plate, so that the defect that the crack penetration effect cannot be controlled by the prefabricated cracks in the prior layering filling method is overcome, and the problems that the prefabricated plate is not easy to pull out after the rock-soil body is solidified and the rock-soil body is easy to disturb in the pulling-out process and the like in the prefabricated plate manufacturing cracks are also overcome. In addition, the method can also be used for manufacturing built-in cracks which cannot be finished by the conventional method, enriches the types of prefabricated cracks in the model test, and improves the crack manufacturing precision.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a three-dimensional schematic view of an intake plate according to the present invention;
in the figure: 1 test box, 2 pressurizing plate, 3 water storage tank, 4 electrical heating plate, 5 mix tank, 6 heating resistance wire, 7 harmful gas holding vessel, 8 air inlet plate, 9 refrigeration stick, 100 harmful gas detection sensor, 101 temperature sensor, 102 humidity sensor, 103 exhaust gas collection tank, 104 fan, 11 rubber pad, 81 communicating pipe, 82 air vent.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is apparent that the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
Examples:
referring to fig. 1 and 2, the present invention provides a technical solution:
the utility model provides a crack rock mass tunnel face water-gas-heat-power coupling seepage flow test device, includes test box 1, wherein:
the test device further comprises a water vapor production assembly, wherein the water vapor production assembly is communicated with the mixing tank 5, water vapor generated by the water vapor production assembly can enter the mixing tank 5, a heating resistance wire 6 is arranged in the mixing tank 5, the mixing tank 5 is communicated with a harmful gas storage tank 7, harmful gas and water vapor can gather in the mixing tank 5 and are heated to a temperature gradient required by an experiment through the heating resistance wire 6, an air inlet plate 8 is arranged in the test box 1, the air inlet plate 8 is a thin-wall hollow plate with a cavity structure, an air vent 82 is formed in the air inlet plate 8, the air inlet plate 8 is communicated with the mixing tank 5 through a communicating pipe 81, steam and a harmful gas mixture entering the air inlet plate 8 can be rapidly diffused in the test box 1, the air inlet plate 8 can also serve as a medium for constructing a crack development area, the construction of an experiment model is facilitated, and the air inlet plate 8 has the capability of elastic deformation, and the sensor assembly is further arranged in the test box 1 and consists of a harmful gas detection sensor 100, a temperature sensor 101 and a humidity sensor 102 for detecting the content, the temperature and the humidity of the harmful gas in the test box 1.
As a preferred embodiment, the water vapor production assembly is composed of a water storage tank 3 and an electric heating plate 4, wherein the water storage tank 3 is communicated with a mixing tank 5, the electric heating plate 4 is in contact with the water storage tank 3 and heats the water storage tank 3, the water storage tank 3 is used for storing liquid, and the electric heating plate 4 can continuously heat the liquid in the water storage tank 3 to be converted into vapor, and then the vapor is introduced into the mixing tank 5.
As a preferred embodiment, the top of the test chamber 1, which is open, is provided with a rubber gasket 11, wherein the pressure plate 2 acts on the rubber gasket 11, and the pressure plate 2 can apply pressure to the surrounding rock in the test chamber 1 in the vertical direction, thereby constructing different stresses, and the arrangement of the rubber gasket 11 can ensure the sealing of the open part of the test chamber 1, and the pressure plate 2 is driven by the pressure device.
As a preferred embodiment, the test chamber 1 may be composed of chamber plates that are butted against each other in order to facilitate the construction of a geotechnical experimental model.
As a preferred embodiment, the test device further comprises an exhaust gas collection system, wherein the exhaust gas collection system consists of an exhaust gas collection tank 103 and a fan 104 in communication with the test chamber 1.
As a preferred embodiment, the test chamber 1 is also internally provided with a refrigeration rod 9 and an electric heating component, so that the experimental temperature in the test chamber 1 is regulated and controlled, and experimental conditions of various temperature gradients are realized.
As a preferred embodiment, valves are provided between the mixing tank 5 and the harmful gas storage tank 7, between the water storage tank 3 and the mixing tank 5, between the mixing tank 5 and the communicating pipe 81, between the exhaust gas collection tank 103 and the test box 1, and between the blower 104 and the test box 1, so that the above-mentioned communication state is opened and closed by opening and closing the valves.
As a preferred embodiment, the gas collected in the exhaust gas collection tank 103 needs to be analyzed during the experiment, and since the gas in the exhaust gas collection tank 103 does not need to be detected in real time, the gas detection can be intermittently extracted from the exhaust gas collection tank 103, or the harmful gas detection sensor 100, the temperature sensor 101 and the humidity sensor 102 are arranged in the exhaust gas collection tank 103 for real time detection, and the two detection schemes are selected according to the specific experimental requirements.
A water-gas-heat-force coupling seepage test method for a tunnel face of a fractured rock mass tunnel comprises the following steps:
s1, filling rock and soil materials in layers in a test box 1, firstly filling rock and soil bodies in a crack development area in front of a tunnel face, placing an air inlet plate 8 with high air permeability at a preset crack position in the filling process, processing the air inlet plate 8 into any shape according to a prefabricated crack form so as to ensure that the crack is always in a through state in the model manufacturing process, then filling the rock and soil bodies at the tunnel position, and installing a harmful gas detection sensor 100, a temperature sensor 101 and a humidity sensor 102 in the tunnel;
s2, covering a rubber pad 11 on the top of the test box 1 after the tunnel model is built, communicating the mixing tank 5 with the communicating pipe 81, inserting the refrigerating rod 9 into a roadway, communicating the exhaust gas collecting tank 103 and the fan 104 with the test box 1, wherein all communicating parts are in sealing connection, and placing the condition that gas leaks;
s3, starting the pressurizing device, pressurizing the plate 2 to a preset pressure, and keeping the servo state of the pressurizing plate 2 so as to complete simulation of different ground stress conditions;
s4, electrifying the electric heating component in the model box, adjusting the refrigerating rod 9 in the tunnel to a preset temperature, and monitoring the temperature of the model rock mass and the temperature change in the tunnel until the model rock mass is stable and reaches the design temperature;
s5, opening a valve of the harmful gas storage tank 7, heating the water storage tank 3, conveying harmful gas and water vapor into the mixing tank 5 through a vacuum pump, and switching on a heating resistance wire 6 in the mixing tank 5 until the preset pressure, temperature and humidity are reached;
s6, a valve between the mixing tank 5 and the communicating pipe 81 and a valve between the waste gas collecting tank 103 and the test box 1 are opened, harmful gas concentration and temperature and humidity change data at different positions in the tunnel are recorded, meanwhile, the change data of the harmful gas concentration and the temperature and humidity in the waste gas collecting tank 103 along with time are recorded, and data acquisition of a seepage test in the harmful gas tunnel is completed, and as harmful gas and water vapor are diffused through the air inlet plate 8, the gas is further quickly diffused to each position of experimental surrounding rock, so that the experimental process is accelerated;
s7, a fan 104 is turned on, harmful gas concentration and temperature and humidity change data of different positions in the ventilated tunnel are recorded, and meanwhile, the discharge amount of the waste gas collection tank 103 and the temperature and humidity change data are recorded, so that the ventilation effect test of the tunnel is completed;
and S8, after the test is finished, the valve of the harmful gas storage tank 7 and the valve between the mixing tank 5 and the communicating pipe 81 are closed, and then the fan 104 is used for introducing positive pressure into the test box 1 in a closed state, so that the gas in the test box 1 can be extruded, and the harmful gas in the test box 1 reaches the waste gas collection tank 103 until the monitored concentration meets the relevant standard.
Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made therein without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined in the appended claims and their equivalents.
Claims (8)
1. The utility model provides a crack rock mass tunnel face water-gas-heat-power coupling seepage flow test device, includes test box (1), be equipped with on test box (1) and be used for exerting pressurization board (2) of applying the stress, its characterized in that:
the test device further comprises a water vapor production assembly, wherein the water vapor production assembly is communicated with the mixing tank (5), a heating resistance wire (6) is arranged inside the mixing tank (5), the mixing tank (5) is further communicated with the harmful gas storage tank (7), an air inlet plate (8) is arranged in the test box (1), the air inlet plate (8) is communicated with the mixing tank (5), then steam and harmful gas mixture entering the air inlet plate (8) can diffuse in the test box (1), and a sensor assembly is further arranged inside the test box (1).
2. The fractured rock mass tunnel face water-gas-heat-force coupling seepage test device according to claim 1, wherein: the water vapor production assembly consists of a water storage tank (3) and an electric heating plate (4), wherein the water storage tank (3) is communicated with a mixing tank (5), and the electric heating plate (4) is in contact with the water storage tank (3) and heats the water storage tank (3).
3. The fractured rock mass tunnel face water-gas-heat-force coupling seepage test device according to claim 1, wherein: the air inlet plate (8) is internally a thin-wall hollow plate with a cavity structure, wherein the air inlet plate (8) is provided with an air vent (82), and the air inlet plate (8) is communicated with the mixing tank (5) through a communicating pipe (81).
4. The fractured rock mass tunnel face water-gas-heat-force coupling seepage test device according to claim 1, wherein: the sensor assembly is composed of a harmful gas detection sensor (100), a temperature sensor (101) and a humidity sensor (102).
5. The fractured rock mass tunnel face water-gas-heat-force coupling seepage test device according to claim 1, wherein: the top of the test box (1) which is in an open shape is provided with a rubber pad (11), wherein the pressurizing plate (2) acts on the rubber pad (11).
6. The fractured rock mass tunnel face water-gas-heat-force coupling seepage test device according to claim 1, wherein: the test device further comprises an exhaust gas collection system, wherein the exhaust gas collection system consists of an exhaust gas collection tank (103) and a fan (104) which are communicated with the test box (1).
7. The fractured rock mass tunnel face water-gas-heat-force coupling seepage test device according to claim 1, wherein: and a refrigerating rod (9) and an electric heating component are also arranged in the test box (1).
8. The water-gas-heat-force coupling seepage test method for the tunnel face of the fractured rock mass tunnel is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
s1, rock and soil materials are filled in layers in a test box (1), firstly, rock and soil bodies in a crack development area in front of a palm face are filled, an air inlet plate (8) with high air permeability is placed at a preset crack position in the filling process, the air inlet plate (8) can be processed into any shape according to a prefabricated crack form so as to ensure that the crack is always kept in a through state in the model manufacturing process, then, the rock and soil bodies at the tunnel position are filled, and a harmful gas detection sensor (100), a temperature sensor (101) and a humidity sensor (102) in the tunnel are installed;
s2, covering a rubber pad (11) on the top of the test box (1) after the tunnel model is built, communicating the mixing tank (5) with the communicating pipe (81), inserting the refrigerating rod (9) into a roadway, and communicating the exhaust gas collecting tank (103) and the fan (104) with the test box (1);
s3, starting the pressurizing plate (2) to a preset pressure, and keeping the pressurizing plate (2) in a servo state so as to complete simulation of different ground stress conditions;
s4, electrifying the electric heating component in the model box, adjusting the refrigerating rod (9) in the tunnel to a preset temperature, and monitoring the temperature of the model rock mass and the temperature change in the tunnel until the model rock mass is stable and reaches a design temperature;
s5, opening a valve of a harmful gas storage tank (7), heating the water storage tank (3), conveying harmful gas and water vapor into the mixing tank (5) through a vacuum pump, and switching on a heating resistance wire (6) in the mixing tank (5) until the preset pressure, temperature and humidity are reached;
s6, opening a valve between the mixing tank (5) and the communicating pipe (81) and a valve between the waste gas collecting tank (103) and the test box (1), recording harmful gas concentration and temperature and humidity change data at different positions in the tunnel, and simultaneously recording the change data of the harmful gas concentration and the temperature and humidity in the waste gas collecting tank (103) along with time, so as to complete data acquisition of a seepage test in the harmful gas tunnel;
s7, a fan (104) is turned on, harmful gas concentration and temperature and humidity change data of different positions in the ventilated tunnel are recorded, and meanwhile, discharge amount and temperature and humidity change data of an exhaust gas collecting tank (103) are recorded, so that tunnel ventilation effect test is completed;
s8, after the test is finished, the valve of the harmful gas storage tank (7) and the valve between the mixing tank (5) and the communicating pipe (81) are closed, then the fan (104) is used for leading positive pressure into the test box (1) in a closed state, so that the gas in the test box (1) can be extruded, and the harmful gas in the test box (1) reaches the waste gas collecting tank (103) until the monitoring concentration meets the relevant standard.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202210265553.4A CN116793916A (en) | 2022-03-17 | 2022-03-17 | Water-gas-heat-force coupling seepage test device and method for tunnel face of fractured rock mass tunnel |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202210265553.4A CN116793916A (en) | 2022-03-17 | 2022-03-17 | Water-gas-heat-force coupling seepage test device and method for tunnel face of fractured rock mass tunnel |
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| CN116793916A true CN116793916A (en) | 2023-09-22 |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN118067917A (en) * | 2024-01-11 | 2024-05-24 | 重庆大学 | Device and method for testing surrounding rock harmful gas seepage-release-migration |
| CN118091027A (en) * | 2024-01-09 | 2024-05-28 | 重庆大学 | High-temperature high-humidity tunnel air bag gas exudation and concentration distribution test device and method |
-
2022
- 2022-03-17 CN CN202210265553.4A patent/CN116793916A/en active Pending
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN118091027A (en) * | 2024-01-09 | 2024-05-28 | 重庆大学 | High-temperature high-humidity tunnel air bag gas exudation and concentration distribution test device and method |
| CN118067917A (en) * | 2024-01-11 | 2024-05-24 | 重庆大学 | Device and method for testing surrounding rock harmful gas seepage-release-migration |
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