CN110214493B - Strip mine inner drainage stratum reconstruction method for improving soil moisture content and rapidly fertilizing - Google Patents
Strip mine inner drainage stratum reconstruction method for improving soil moisture content and rapidly fertilizing Download PDFInfo
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- CN110214493B CN110214493B CN201910298356.0A CN201910298356A CN110214493B CN 110214493 B CN110214493 B CN 110214493B CN 201910298356 A CN201910298356 A CN 201910298356A CN 110214493 B CN110214493 B CN 110214493B
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- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 59
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 15
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 148
- 230000001502 supplementing effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000005660 hydrophilic surface Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000005661 hydrophobic surface Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000004720 fertilization Effects 0.000 abstract description 15
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 230000008595 infiltration Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000001764 infiltration Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000004083 survival effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 235000015097 nutrients Nutrition 0.000 description 6
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000013589 supplement Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000005065 mining Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005056 compaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000035558 fertility Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003020 moisturizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012466 permeate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 1
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01B—SOIL WORKING IN AGRICULTURE OR FORESTRY; PARTS, DETAILS, OR ACCESSORIES OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES OR IMPLEMENTS, IN GENERAL
- A01B79/00—Methods for working soil
- A01B79/02—Methods for working soil combined with other agricultural processing, e.g. fertilising, planting
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/10—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
- Y02A40/22—Improving land use; Improving water use or availability; Controlling erosion
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Soil Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)
- Road Paving Structures (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a reconstruction method of an inner drainage stratum of a strip mine for improving soil moisture content and rapidly fertilizing, wherein in the inner drainage stratum, a soil layer, a water-bearing layer, a water-resisting layer and a conventional drainage stratum are sequentially arranged from the ground surface to the bottom, a plurality of water collecting channels are horizontally laid in the soil layer at intervals, the top surfaces of the water collecting channels are exposed on the ground surface, a plurality of water guide blind roadways are horizontally laid in the soil layer at intervals, the bottom surfaces of the water collecting channels and the water guide blind roadways are attached to the bottom surface of the water-bearing layer, the water guide blind roadways are crossed with the water collecting channels, and one water guide blind roadway is divided into a plurality of sections by the plurality of water collecting channels; the fertilizing and water supplementing seepage pipe is laid in the water collecting channel, the laying direction of the fertilizing and water supplementing seepage pipe is the same as that of the water collecting channel, a fertilizing and water supplementing well is longitudinally arranged at the initial section of the water collecting channel, and the fertilizing and water supplementing well is communicated with the fertilizing and water supplementing seepage pipe. The invention reduces the evaporation capacity of soil moisture, increases the rainfall infiltration capacity, can realize rapid fertilization and water replenishing under the condition of weaker ecological self-repairing capability at the early reclamation stage of the inner dump, saves the reclamation cost and improves the survival rate of vegetation.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a stratum reconstruction method, in particular to a strip mine inner drainage stratum reconstruction method for improving soil moisture content and rapidly fertilizing.
Background
Due to the influence of open-pit mining, the water level of an original aquifer at the periphery of a pit is reduced, the reconstructed stratum cannot be supplemented transversely by the water source of the original stratum in time, and the water content and the fertility of the reconstructed soil layer are reduced in the processes of transportation and stockpiling, so that the water content of the soil in the reclamation initial stage of the dump in the open-pit mine is lower, the ecological self-repairing capability is weaker, the vegetation survival rate is low, and the reclamation difficulty is increased. Traditional reclamation technology needs artifical watering to improve soil moisture content, but because climatic reasons evaporation capacity is big, and the moisturizing effect is not showing significantly, can't follow fundamental solution problem, and artifical watering fertilization needs a large amount of manpowers, material resources in addition, has increased the reclamation cost.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems in the prior art, the invention provides the reconstruction method for the inner drainage stratum of the strip mine, which can improve the water content of soil and carry out rapid fertilization, the evaporation capacity of the soil moisture is reduced, the rainfall infiltration capacity is increased, the water content of the soil is improved, the rapid fertilization and water supplement functions under the condition of weak ecological self-repair capacity at the early stage of inner drainage farm reclamation can be realized, the reclamation cost is saved, and the survival rate of vegetation is improved.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme: a method for reconstructing a drainage stratum in a strip mine for improving the water content of soil and rapidly fertilizing comprises the steps that a soil layer, a water-bearing layer, a water-resisting layer and a conventional drainage layer are sequentially arranged in an inner drainage field from the ground surface to the bottom, a plurality of water collecting channels are horizontally paved in the soil layer at intervals, the paving direction of the water collecting channels is the same as the propelling direction of the inner drainage field, the top surfaces of the water collecting channels are exposed to the ground surface, a plurality of water guide blind roadways are horizontally paved in the soil layer at intervals, the paving direction of the water guide blind roadways is perpendicular to the propelling direction of the inner drainage field, the bottom surfaces of the water collecting channels and the water guide blind roadways are attached to the bottom surface of the water-bearing layer, the water guide blind roadways are crossed with the water collecting channels, and one water guide roadway is divided into a plurality of sections by the water collecting channels; the fertilizing and water supplementing seepage pipe is laid in the water collecting channel, the laying direction of the fertilizing and water supplementing seepage pipe is the same as that of the water collecting channel, a fertilizing and water supplementing well is longitudinally arranged at the initial section of the water collecting channel, and the fertilizing and water supplementing well is communicated with the fertilizing and water supplementing seepage pipe.
Furthermore, a one-way permeable geomembrane is laid at the position which is parallel to the lower part of the top surface of the soil layer and has the depth of 1m, the hydrophilic surface of the one-way permeable geomembrane faces upwards, and the hydrophobic surface of the one-way permeable geomembrane faces downwards.
Furthermore, the road surface with the width of 2m is paved on two sides of the top surface of the water collecting channel along the extending direction of the water collecting channel.
Furthermore, the width of the water collecting channel is 8m, the height of the water collecting channel is 15m, and the water collecting channel is formed by stacking discarded materials with the grain size larger than 0.5m along the propulsion direction of the inner soil discharge field.
Furthermore, the width of the water guide blind roadway is 5m, the height of the water guide blind roadway is 4m, and the water guide blind roadway is formed by stacking discarded materials with the particle size larger than 0.5m in a direction perpendicular to the advancing direction of a waste dump.
Further, the distance between the water guide blind roadway rows is 100 m.
Furthermore, the bottom of the soil layer is horizontally laid, the top of the soil layer is obliquely laid from the top end of one end side along the direction perpendicular to the advancing direction of the refuse dump, the soil layer is obliquely laid along the edge on one side of the top surface of the water collecting channel and then upwards obliquely laid along the edge on the other side of the top surface of the water collecting channel at the same inclination angle until the original ground surface height, the first laying is completed, and then the soil layer is circularly laid from the last circulation ending position according to the first laying mode until the top of the end side on the other side is laid, so that the undulating ground surface is formed.
Compared with the prior art, the invention realizes rapid collection and infiltration of rainfall by constructing the photovoltaic surface and the water collecting channel and laying the screen-shaped unidirectional permeable geomembrane, reduces the evaporation capacity of water, ensures that the reconstructed stratum is timely supplemented by longitudinal water sources of the rainfall, recovers the original stratum water level, and fundamentally improves the water content of the reclamation soil. Meanwhile, the dredging function of the water guide blind roadway is fully utilized, rapid water replenishing and fertilization are realized, and the reclamation cost is reduced.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a top view of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view taken along line A-A of FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view taken along line B-B of FIG. 1;
FIG. 4 is a detailed view of the structure of the junction of the water collecting channel and the water guide blind roadway;
FIG. 5 is a spatial arrangement diagram of water collecting channels and water guide blind roadways according to the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a detailed view of the top pavement structure of the catchment channel of the present invention;
fig. 7 is a detailed view of the construction of the screen-shaped unidirectional water-permeable geomembrane of the present invention.
In the figure: 1. the system comprises a soil layer, 2 a water-bearing layer, 3 a water-resisting layer, 4 a conventional soil drainage layer, 5 a water collecting channel, 6 a water guide blind roadway, 7 a one-way permeable geomembrane, 8 a fertilization and water supplement well, 9 a fertilization and water supplement seepage pipe, 10 a road surface.
Detailed Description
The invention will be further explained with reference to the drawings.
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
As shown in fig. 1, the present invention provides a technical solution for restoring the stratum structure of the strip mine before mining, and creating suitable stratum conditions for vegetation growth: in the internal dump, a soil layer 1, a water-containing layer 2, a water-resisting layer 3 and a conventional dump layer 4 are arranged from the ground surface to the bottom in sequence;
as shown in fig. 1 to 3, a plurality of collecting channels 5 are horizontally laid in the soil layer 1 at intervals, the width of each collecting channel 5 is 8m, the height of each collecting channel 5 is 15m, the collecting channels 5 are formed by stacking discarded materials with the particle size larger than 0.5m in the same direction as the propulsion direction of the inner earth dump, the top surfaces of the collecting channels 5 are exposed on the earth surface and used for storing and rapidly infiltrating rainfall collected on the earth surface, a plurality of water guide blind roadways 6 are horizontally laid in the soil layer 1 at intervals, the width of each water guide blind roadway 6 is 5m, the height of each water guide blind roadway 6 is 4m, the discarded materials with the particle size larger than 0.5m are stacked in the direction perpendicular to the propulsion direction of the earth dump, and the row spacing of the water guide blind roadways 6 is 100 m; the bottom surfaces of the water collecting channels 5 and the water guide blind roadways 6 are attached to the bottom surface of the water-containing layer 2, as shown in fig. 5, the water guide blind roadways 6 are intersected with the water collecting channels 5, one water guide blind roadway 6 is divided into a plurality of sections by the water collecting channels 5, and the water guide blind roadway 6 is used for dredging the rainfall collected by the water collecting channels 5 and the nutrient solution in the fertilization and water replenishing seepage pipe 9, so that the nutrient solution can be uniformly infiltrated into the soil layer 1 and the water-containing layer 2 of the inner soil discharge field, and water sources and nutrients are provided for the reclamation vegetation.
As shown in fig. 4 and 7, a fertilization and water replenishing seepage pipe 9 with the diameter of 2m is laid in the position, 8m away from the bottom surface, inside the water collecting channel 5, the laying direction of the fertilization and water replenishing seepage pipe 9 is the same as that of the water collecting channel 5, a fertilization and water replenishing well 8 is longitudinally arranged at the initial section of the water collecting channel 5, the fertilization and water replenishing well 8 is communicated with the fertilization and water replenishing seepage pipe 9, after the formation of the early internal earth-drainage field reconstruction stratum, when soil nutrients and water do not reach the standard, nutrient solution and water can be directly injected from the fertilization and water replenishing well 8, and then the nutrient solution and water infiltrate into the water collecting channel 5 and diffuse into the whole reclamation stratum, so that the rapid fertilization and water replenishing functions are realized.
The level of soil horizon 1 bottom is laid, the top is laid along perpendicular to dump propulsion direction downward sloping from one side end group top, spread behind 5 top surfaces one side edges of catchment canal, upwards lay with the slope of same inclination along this other side edge of catchment canal 5 again, up to original earth's surface height, accomplish and lay for the first time, then lay the mode according to the first time and follow the circulation end position circulation and lay, up to laying to the other side end group top, thereby form the undulation form earth's surface, catchment canal 5 is laid in the valley position on the undulation form earth's surface, a precipitation that can't infiltration to soil in the short time of collecting the earth's surface fast.
Laying a one-way permeable geomembrane 7 at a position which is parallel to the lower part of the top surface of the soil layer 1 and has the depth of 1m, wherein the one-way permeable geomembrane 7 has an upward hydrophilic surface and can permeate precipitation, and a downward hydrophobic surface and can prevent evaporation and loss of water in the soil, so that the water content of the soil is improved; the one-way permeable geomembrane 7 is of a screen mesh structure, and the density and the size of the screen mesh are designed according to the local climatic conditions of the strip mine, so that the moisture passing through the screen mesh just meets the requirements of vegetation absorption and necessary soil moisture content.
As shown in fig. 6, the road surface 10 having a width of 2m is laid on both sides of the top surface of the catchment channel 5 along the extending direction thereof for the reclamation work equipment walking road, and the compaction phenomenon of the heavy equipment to the reclamation soil layer is avoided, thereby making the equipment work standardized.
It will be evident to those skilled in the art that the invention is not limited to the details of the foregoing illustrative embodiments, and that the present invention may be embodied in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential attributes thereof. The present embodiments are therefore to be considered in all respects as illustrative and not restrictive, the scope of the invention being indicated by the appended claims rather than by the foregoing description, and all changes which come within the meaning and range of equivalency of the claims are therefore intended to be embraced therein. Any reference sign in a claim should not be construed as limiting the claim concerned.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the present invention, and any minor modifications, equivalent replacements and improvements made to the above embodiment according to the technical spirit of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the technical solution of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. A method for reconstructing an inner drainage stratum of a strip mine for improving the water content of soil and quickly fertilizing is characterized by comprising the following steps of: in the internal dump, a soil layer (1), a water-bearing layer (2), a water-resisting layer (3) and a conventional dump layer (4) are arranged in sequence from the ground surface downwards; a plurality of water collecting channels (5) are horizontally laid in the soil layer (1) at intervals, the laying direction of the water collecting channels (5) is the same as the advancing direction of the inner soil discharge field, the top surfaces of the water collecting channels (5) are exposed to the ground surface, a plurality of water guide blind roadways (6) are horizontally laid in the soil layer (1) at intervals, the laying direction of the water guide blind roadways (6) is perpendicular to the advancing direction of the inner soil discharge field, the bottom surfaces of the water collecting channels (5) and the water guide blind roadways (6) are attached to the bottom surface of the water-bearing layer (2), the water guide blind roadways (6) are crossed with the water collecting channels (5), and one water guide blind roadway (6) is divided into a plurality of sections by the water collecting channels (5); the method comprises the steps that a fertilizing and water supplementing seepage pipe (9) is laid inside a water collecting channel (5), the laying direction of the fertilizing and water supplementing seepage pipe (9) is the same as that of the water collecting channel (5), a fertilizing and water supplementing well (8) is longitudinally arranged at the initial section of the water collecting channel (5), the fertilizing and water supplementing seepage pipe (8) is communicated with the fertilizing and water supplementing seepage pipe (9), the bottom of a soil layer (1) is horizontally laid, the top of the soil layer is laid from the top end of an end slope on one side of the top surface of the water collecting channel (5) in a downward inclined mode along the direction perpendicular to the advancing direction of a soil discharge field, after the soil layer is laid to the edge on one side of the top surface of the water collecting channel (5), the soil layer is laid upwards in an inclined mode at the same inclination angle along the edge on the other side of the top surface of the water collecting channel (5) until the height of the original earth surface is reached, the first laying is finished, and then the soil layer is circularly laid from the last circulation end slope position until the top of the end slope is laid to the other side of the earth surface, so that the undulating earth surface is formed.
2. The method for reconstructing the inner drainage stratum of the strip mine for improving the water content of the soil and rapidly fertilizing according to claim 1, characterized in that: and paving the one-way permeable geomembrane (7) at a position which is parallel to the lower part of the top surface of the soil layer (1) and has the depth of 1m, wherein the hydrophilic surface of the one-way permeable geomembrane (7) faces upwards, and the hydrophobic surface faces downwards.
3. The method for reconstructing the inner drainage stratum of the strip mine for improving the water content of the soil and rapidly fertilizing according to claim 1, characterized in that: and road surfaces (10) with the width of 2m are paved on two sides of the top surface of the water collecting channel (5) along the extending direction of the water collecting channel.
4. The method for reconstructing the inner drainage stratum of the strip mine for improving the water content of the soil and rapidly fertilizing according to claim 1, characterized in that: the width of the water collecting channel (5) is 8m, the height of the water collecting channel is 15m, and the water collecting channel is formed by piling up discarded materials with the grain size larger than 0.5m along the propulsion direction of the inner soil discharge field.
5. The method for reconstructing the inner drainage stratum of the strip mine for improving the water content of the soil and rapidly fertilizing according to claim 1, characterized in that: the width of the water guide blind roadway (6) is 5m, the height of the water guide blind roadway is 4m, and the water guide blind roadway is formed by stacking discarded materials with the grain size larger than 0.5m in a direction perpendicular to the propulsion direction of a waste dump.
6. The method for reconstructing the inner drainage stratum of the strip mine for improving the water content of the soil and rapidly fertilizing according to claim 5, characterized in that: the row spacing of the water guide blind roadways (6) is 100 m.
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| CN111088788B (en) * | 2019-12-16 | 2020-11-13 | 中国矿业大学 | Method for communicating aquifers of soil dumping site in strip mine |
| CN113605518A (en) * | 2021-08-05 | 2021-11-05 | 神华北电胜利能源有限公司 | Internal dumping field for strip mine |
| CN114108566A (en) * | 2021-08-17 | 2022-03-01 | 国家能源投资集团有限责任公司 | Distributed water storage construction method for strip mine |
| CN114467704B (en) * | 2022-01-28 | 2022-09-27 | 中国矿业大学 | Near-surface soil sequence reconstruction strip mine waste dump and deep water replenishing method thereof |
| CN114710989B (en) * | 2022-04-25 | 2023-01-31 | 中国矿业大学 | Construction method of strip mine waste dump based on platform water-collecting planting pits |
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| CN101353219B (en) * | 2007-07-25 | 2010-10-20 | 贵阳铝镁设计研究院 | Piling method for gully type dry red mud disposal and water drainage structure thereof |
| CN102487620A (en) * | 2011-11-11 | 2012-06-13 | 天津海林园艺环保科技工程有限公司 | Ecological comprehensive treatment technology for coast reclamation dredger fill |
| CN203884337U (en) * | 2014-05-07 | 2014-10-22 | 天津农学院 | Salinization-area green-belt soil improving and rainwater collecting and utilizing system |
| CN107366341A (en) * | 2016-05-13 | 2017-11-21 | 蔡宜真 | Water resource integrates construction method |
| CN206467526U (en) * | 2017-01-06 | 2017-09-05 | 吉林省农业科学院 | A kind of sloping upland agricultural ecological road canal |
| RU2655548C1 (en) * | 2017-06-26 | 2018-05-28 | Анатолий Юрьевич Ермаков | Method for recultivation of open-pit workings |
| CN207167002U (en) * | 2017-09-05 | 2018-04-03 | 广州绿日环保科技有限公司 | A kind of organic recovery system of the salinization of soil |
| CN207854680U (en) * | 2017-12-11 | 2018-09-14 | 鹤壁海绵城市建设管理有限公司 | Storage structure is oozed in a kind of garden self-loopa of sponge urban rainwater |
| CN109057799B (en) * | 2018-07-11 | 2019-06-28 | 中国矿业大学 | It is a kind of the north open coal mine water resource storage and concocting method |
| CN109137940B (en) * | 2018-09-07 | 2019-10-29 | 中国地质大学（武汉） | A kind of three-dimensional drainage system suitable for loose landfill side slope |
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