CN110212028B - 一种集成反向二极管和内嵌漏极场板的横向扩散eGaN HEMT器件 - Google Patents

一种集成反向二极管和内嵌漏极场板的横向扩散eGaN HEMT器件 Download PDF

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CN110212028B
CN110212028B CN201910429419.1A CN201910429419A CN110212028B CN 110212028 B CN110212028 B CN 110212028B CN 201910429419 A CN201910429419 A CN 201910429419A CN 110212028 B CN110212028 B CN 110212028B
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field plate
schottky diode
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张士英
徐庆君
韦德泉
李振华
刘建波
张彬
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Shandong Jianzhu University
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    • H01L29/7787Field effect transistors with two-dimensional charge carrier gas channel, e.g. HEMT ; with two-dimensional charge-carrier layer formed at a heterojunction interface with direct single heterostructure, i.e. with wide bandgap layer formed on top of active layer, e.g. direct single heterostructure MIS-like HEMT with wide bandgap charge-carrier supplying layer, e.g. direct single heterostructure MODFET

Abstract

本发明公开了一种集成反向二极管和内嵌漏极场板的横向扩散eGaN HEMT器件,包括GaN缓冲层、AlGaN势垒层、栅极电极、栅下绝缘层、源极电极、源极电极延伸段、源极场板、MIS肖特基二极管延伸段、MIS肖特基二极管绝缘层、p型GaN或凹槽、漏极电极、钝化层、AlN错层漏极内嵌场板,MIS肖特基二极管绝缘层制备于源极场板向MIS肖特基二极管延伸段以及AlGaN势垒层表面中间区域,二极管靠漏极侧采用p‑GaN或凹槽,提升器件击穿特性,漏极下方采用内嵌的错层场板,提升漏极向衬底抗击穿的能力,错层设计适应漏极电场自右向左的渐变型分布,提升器件的击穿特性,延长源极场板并包裹栅极,栅漏侧形成MIS肖特基二极管,二极管做成分块隔离的方式,极大地提升漏极电流。

Description

一种集成反向二极管和内嵌漏极场板的横向扩散eGaN HEMT 器件
技术领域
本发明涉及半导体器件领域,特别是一种集成反向二极管和内嵌漏极场板的横向扩散eGaN HEMT器件。
背景技术
以GaN、AlGaN为代表的第三代半导体材料,自身有极强的自发极化,当形成GaN/AlGaN异质结时,由于晶格常数差异所带来的压电极化也非常强,再加上GaN和AlGaN两种材料的导带存在大的导带不连续性,使得在GaN/AlGaN异质结中可以形成天然的体密度高达1019量级的高浓度二维电子气(2DEG)。
由GaN/AlGaN异质结构成的高电子迁移率晶体管( GaN HEMT )的结构相比Si基MOSFET简单,无须掺杂,且层间材料禁带宽、介电常数高,使得其结电容很小,因而其工作频率可达百倍于Si基 MOSFET 。高频工作以及小结电容的特点还能使其在开关电源应用中的能耗进一步节省40%,功率密度提升3倍,系统成本降低20%。
eGaN HEMT器件是增强型GaN HEMT的简缩写,该型器件具有导通阻抗低、击穿电场高、耐温和耐辐照能力强等优点,成为能够替代Si基MOSFET的强劲对手。但是,由于该型器件存在非常高密度的材料缺陷,使得其在高电压下工作可靠性存在严峻挑战,比如电流崩塌、动态导通阻抗增加、Kink效应以及栅、漏延迟等,其击穿特性也往往难以达到理想的目标。另外,该型器件在不作特殊处理的情况下是不存在反向体二极管的,而其反向导通特性随电流和温度的增加急剧恶化。因此,研究如何提升该型器件的反向导通特性以及如何提升该型器件在高电场下的电气性能成为了当前的热点。
现阶段,常规的eGaN HEMT器件结构,主要存在以下2个重大缺点:无集成的反向二极管,器件在反向工作时,因为反向导通压降高而使其工作损耗大,另外,其反向导通特性随电流和温度的增加还存在急剧恶化的问题;栅极靠漏极侧无轻耗尽区,也无内嵌场板,器件在栅极侧存在很强的峰值电场,使得器件的栅漏容易被击穿,因而击穿特性较差。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于克服现有技术的缺点,提供一种集成反向二极管和内嵌漏极场板的横向扩散eGaN HEMT器件。为实现上述目的本发明通过以下技术方案实现:
一种集成反向二极管和内嵌漏极场板的横向扩散eGaN HEMT器件,其特征在于,包括GaN缓冲层、AlGaN势垒层、栅极电极、栅下绝缘层、源极电极、源极电极延伸段、源极场板、源极场板向MIS肖特基二极管延伸段、 MIS肖特基二极管绝缘层、p型GaN或凹槽、漏极电极、钝化层、AlN错层漏极内嵌场板,MIS肖特基二极管绝缘层制备于源极场板向MIS肖特基二极管延伸段以及AlGaN势垒层表面中间区域。
优选的,所述错层漏极根据漏极电场分布分成3部分错层形状,第一部分从MIS肖特基二极管绝缘层区域下方延伸至、p型GaN区域下方附近,第二部分从p型GaN区域下方附近延伸至漏极电极区域下方左侧附近,第三部分位于漏极电极区域下方及部分左侧区域。
优选的,所述错层漏极位于漏极侧,采用内嵌式安装,且其材质为AlN,与GaN、AlGaN材质相匹配且相似,易于制备。
优选的,所述源极场板阵列包括多个平行且等长等宽的源场板,源场板在垂直于栅极电极的方向设置,每个源场板一端与源极电极连接,另一端跨过栅极电极并与MIS肖特基二极管绝缘层相连。
优选的,所述p型GaN区域可单独更换为凹槽,且不影响整体性能。
优选的,所述MIS肖特基二极管延伸段和 MIS肖特基二极管绝缘层采用的MIS肖特基二极管为集成化二极管。
与现有技术相比,本发明具有以下优点:二极管靠漏极侧采用p-GaN或凹槽,提升器件击穿特性,漏极下方采用内嵌的错层场板,提升漏极向衬底抗击穿的能力,错层设计适应漏极电场自右向左的渐变型分布,提升器件的击穿特性,延长源极场板并包裹栅极,栅漏侧形成MIS肖特基二极管,二极管做成分块隔离的方式,极大地提升漏极电流。
附图说明
图1为本发明集成反向二极管和内嵌漏极场板的横向扩散eGaN HEMT器件的结构示意图。
图2为本发明集成反向二极管和内嵌漏极场板的横向扩散eGaN HEMT器件的工作原理示意图。
图3为本发明成反向二极管和内嵌漏极场板的横向扩散eGaN HEMT器件的俯视结构示意图。
图中:101、源极电极,102、源极电极延伸段,103、源极场板,104、MIS肖特基二极管延伸段,105、MIS肖特基二极管绝缘层,106-1、p型GaN,106-2、凹槽,107、栅极电极,108、栅下绝缘层,109、漏极电极,110、AlGaN势垒层,111、GaN缓冲层,112、钝化层,113、AlN错层漏极内嵌场板。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图和具体实施例对本发明作进一步详细阐述。
如图1、图2和图3所示,一种集成反向二极管和内嵌漏极场板的横向扩散eGaNHEMT器件,包括GaN缓冲层111、AlGaN势垒层110、栅极电极107、栅下绝缘层108、源极电极101、源极电极延伸段102、源极场板103、MIS肖特基二极管延伸段104、 MIS肖特基二极管绝缘层105、p型GaN106-1、凹槽106-2、漏极电极109、钝化层112、AlN错层漏极内嵌场板113;所述GaN缓冲层111生长在Si或蓝宝石或SiC衬底上;所述AlGaN势垒层110生长在GaN缓冲层111上;所述源极电极101和漏极电极制备在AlGaN势垒层110表面,其中源极电极101位于最左侧,漏极电极位于最右侧;所述源极电极延伸段102以及源极场板103向MIS肖特基二极管延伸段104均与源极电极101相连;所述MIS肖特基二极管绝缘层105制备于源极场板103向MIS肖特基二极管延伸段104以及AlGaN势垒层110表面中间区域;所述源极场板103向MIS肖特基二极管延伸段104、MIS肖特基二极管绝缘层105和AlGaN势垒层110共同构成MIS型肖特基二极管;所述栅下绝缘层108和栅极电极107位于源极电极101和MIS肖特基二极管之间,其中栅下绝缘层108以凹槽形式位于AlGaN势垒层110内部和AlGaN势垒层110上方,栅极电极107位于栅下绝缘层108上方;所述p型GaN106-1或凹槽106-2紧邻MIS肖特基二极管绝缘层105且位于MIS肖特基二极管绝缘层105的右侧和AlGaN势垒层110表面;所述钝化层112制备于器件的上方表面的空白处;所述的错层漏极109内嵌场板位于GaN缓冲层111内部且靠漏极电极侧。
所述错层漏极109根据漏极电场分布分成3部分错层形状,第一部分从MIS肖特基二极管绝缘层区域下方延伸至、p型GaN106-1区域下方附近,第二部分从p型GaN106-1区域下方附近延伸至漏极电极109区域下方左侧附近,第三部分位于漏极电极109区域下方及部分左侧区域。
所述错层漏极109位于漏极侧,采用内嵌式安装,且其材质为AlN,与GaN、AlGaN材质相匹配且相似,易于制备。
所述源极场板103阵列包括多个平行且等长等宽的源场板,源场板在垂直于栅极电极107的方向设置,每个源场板一端与源极电极101连接,另一端跨过栅极电极107并与MIS肖特基二极管绝缘层105相连。
所述p型GaN106-1区域可单独更换为凹槽106-2,且不影响整体性能。
所述MIS肖特基二极管延伸段(104)和 MIS肖特基二极管绝缘层105采用的MIS肖特基二极管为集成化二极管。
本发明工作原理:本发明通过延伸源极场板并在栅漏侧之间制备MIS型的源-漏反向肖特基二极管,这种集成式的反向二极管能够极大地改善其反向导通特性,降低反向导通电压随电流和温度的影响。该源场板和MIS肖特基二极管呈分块隔离阵列式分布,一方面这种漏极包裹栅极的结构使得栅下电场极大地被削弱并转移至MIS肖特基二极管绝缘层处,另一方面,由于分块隔离阵列式的分布,最大限度地提升了器件的漏极电流,实现功率型电力电子器件的作用。另外, MIS肖特基二极管绝缘层靠漏极侧采用p-GaN或凹槽,使该处下方的沟道呈现轻耗尽,实现类似LDMOS的局部轻耗尽功能,从而改善MIS肖特基二极管绝缘层处的峰值电场分布,提高器件的击穿电压。同时,在漏极下方采用内嵌的错层场板,改善栅极电极下方的峰值电场分布,提升漏极向衬底抗击穿的能力,通过错层设计适应漏极电场自右向左的渐变型分布,降低该场板对沟道中2DEG浓度产生的不利影响,并极大地隔离器件漏极对衬底的电场,进一步提高器件的击穿电压。
101-源极电极金属,尺寸根据需求设定;
102-源极电极金属,尺寸根据需求设定;
103-源极场板金属,尺寸根据需求设定,所述分块隔离式源极场板包括多个平行且等长等宽的 源场板阵列;
104-源极场板向肖特基二极管延伸金属,尺寸根据需求设定;
105-肖特基二极管绝缘介质层,亦可根据其所连接特性称作源绝缘层,厚度5-50nm;
101-105共同构成源极场板和肖特基二极管,其特点是,该部分完全将栅极区域包裹;
106-1-肖特基二极管靠漏极侧pGaN轻耗尽,厚度5-50nm;
106-2-肖特基二极管靠漏极侧凹槽轻耗尽,厚度5-15nm;
107-栅极电极金属,尺寸根据需求设定;
108-栅极结缘介质层,亦称作栅绝缘层,尺寸不限定,厚度≥110区域的AlGaN层厚度,参考结缘介质有:SiO2、Si3N4、Al2O3、MgO、AlN、AlON等;
109-漏极电极金属,尺寸根据需求设定;
110-AlxGa1-xN势垒层,其中,x为铝的组份,尺寸根据需求设定;
111-GaN缓冲层,尺寸根据需求设定;
112-钝化层,尺寸根据需求设定,参考钝化介质有:SiO2、Si3N4、Al2O3、MgO、AlN、AlON等。
本发明的创新点:二极管靠漏极侧采用p-GaN或凹槽,使该处下方的沟道呈现轻耗尽,实现类似LDMOS的局部轻耗尽功能,提升器件击穿特性。
漏极下方采用内嵌的错层场板,提升漏极向衬底抗击穿的能力,通过错层设计适应漏极电场自右向左的渐变型分布,同时,降低该场板对2DEG浓度产生的不利影响,该场板能够极大地隔离器件漏极对衬底的电场,提升器件的击穿特性。
延长源极场板并包裹栅极,使其在栅漏侧形成MIS肖特基二极管,且该二极管做成分块隔离的方式,极大地提升漏极电流。
以上所述为本发明较佳实施例,对于本领域的普通技术人员而言,根据本发明的教导,在不脱离本发明的原理与精神的情况下,对实施方式所进行的改变、修改、替换和变型仍落入本发明的保护范围之内。

Claims (6)

1.一种集成反向二极管和内嵌漏极场板的横向扩散eGaN HEMT器件,其特征在于,包括GaN缓冲层(111)、AlGaN势垒层(110)、栅极电极(107)、栅下绝缘层(108)、源极电极(101)、源极电极延伸段(102)、源极场板(103)、MIS肖特基二极管延伸段(104)、 MIS肖特基二极管绝缘层(105)、p型GaN(106-1)、漏极电极(109)、钝化层(112)、AlN错层漏极内嵌场板(113);所述GaN缓冲层(111)生长在Si或蓝宝石或SiC衬底上;所述AlGaN势垒层(110)生长在GaN缓冲层(111)上;所述源极电极(101)和漏极电极制备在AlGaN势垒层(110)表面,其中源极电极(101)位于最左侧,漏极电极位于最右侧;所述源极电极延伸段(102)以及源极场板(103)向MIS肖特基二极管延伸段(104)均与源极电极(101)相连;所述MIS肖特基二极管绝缘层(105)制备于源极场板(103)向MIS肖特基二极管延伸段(104)以及AlGaN势垒层(110)表面中间区域;所述源极场板(103)向MIS肖特基二极管延伸段(104)、MIS肖特基二极管绝缘层(105)和AlGaN势垒层(110)共同构成MIS型肖特基二极管;所述栅下绝缘层(108)和栅极电极(107)位于源极电极(101)和MIS肖特基二极管之间,其中栅下绝缘层(108)以凹槽形式位于AlGaN势垒层(110)内部和AlGaN势垒层(110)上方,栅极电极(107)位于栅下绝缘层(108)上方;所述p型GaN(106-1)紧邻MIS肖特基二极管绝缘层(105)且位于MIS肖特基二极管绝缘层(105)的右侧和AlGaN势垒层(110)表面;所述钝化层(112)制备于器件的上方表面的空白处;所述的错层漏极内嵌场板(113)位于GaN缓冲层(111)内部且靠漏极电极侧。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种集成反向二极管和内嵌漏极场板的横向扩散eGaN HEMT器件,其特征在于,所述错层漏极内嵌场板(113)根据漏极电场分布分成3部分错层形状,第一部分从MIS肖特基二极管绝缘层(105)区域下方延伸至p型GaN(106-1)区域下方附近,第二部分从p型GaN(106-1)区域下方附近延伸至漏极电极(109)区域下方左侧附近,第三部分位于漏极电极(109)区域下方及部分左侧区域。
3.根据权利要求1所述的一种集成反向二极管和内嵌漏极场板的横向扩散eGaN HEMT器件,其特征在于,所述错层漏极内嵌场板(113)位于漏极侧,采用内嵌式安装,且其材质为AlN。
4.根据权利要求1所述的一种集成反向二极管和内嵌漏极场板的横向扩散eGaN HEMT器件,其特征在于,所述源极场板(103)阵列包括多个平行且等长等宽的源场板,源场板在垂直于栅极电极(107)的方向设置,每个源场板一端与源极电极(101)连接,另一端跨过栅极电极(107)并与MIS肖特基二极管绝缘层(105)相连。
5.根据权利要求1所述的一种集成反向二极管和内嵌漏极场板的横向扩散eGaN HEMT器件,其特征在于,所述p型GaN(106-1)区域单独更换为凹槽(106-2),且不影响整体性能。
6.根据权利要求1所述的一种集成反向二极管和内嵌漏极场板的横向扩散eGaN HEMT器件,其特征在于,所述MIS肖特基二极管延伸段(104)和 MIS肖特基二极管绝缘层(105)采用的MIS肖特基二极管为集成化二极管。
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