CN110199926A - A kind of method of the new prawn large-scale artificial breeding of knife volume - Google Patents
A kind of method of the new prawn large-scale artificial breeding of knife volume Download PDFInfo
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- CN110199926A CN110199926A CN201910381468.2A CN201910381468A CN110199926A CN 110199926 A CN110199926 A CN 110199926A CN 201910381468 A CN201910381468 A CN 201910381468A CN 110199926 A CN110199926 A CN 110199926A
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Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K61/00—Culture of aquatic animals
- A01K61/50—Culture of aquatic animals of shellfish
- A01K61/59—Culture of aquatic animals of shellfish of crustaceans, e.g. lobsters or shrimps
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
- Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Marine Sciences & Fisheries (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Animal Husbandry (AREA)
- Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
- Farming Of Fish And Shellfish (AREA)
Abstract
The method that the present invention has gone out a kind of new prawn large-scale artificial breeding of knife volume, the disinfection of processing, nursery place including water for larval nursing, the introduction of close shrimp, close shrimp gonad maturity accelerating, oviposition, hatch and select it is excellent, feed bait, salinity is adjusted, emergence.The present invention provides a kind of large-scale artificial mating system of new prawn of knife volume, the shrimp seedling that this method is cultivated has the characteristics that the speed of growth is fast, it is good not carry pathogenic autoantibody, high survival rate, adaptability.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the large-scale artificial mating system of prawn, specially a kind of new prawn large-scale artificial breeding of knife volume
Method.
Background technique
The large-scale artificial breeding of the new prawn of knife volume, which refers to, carries out scale to the new prawn of knife volume under manual control condition
The all processes of breeding.Currently, the artificial breeding research in relation to prawn focuses mostly in litopenaeus vannamei, Chinese prawn, spot section pair
The shrimp species such as shrimp, and rare report is studied in the new prawn large-scale artificial breeding of knife volume as the important indigenous shrimp species in China.
Summary of the invention
To achieve the above object, the present invention provides a kind of large-scale artificial mating system of new prawn of knife volume, this method
The shrimp seedling of cultivation has the characteristics that the speed of growth is fast, it is good not carry pathogenic autoantibody, high survival rate, adaptability.
The technical scheme of the present invention is realized as follows:
A kind of method of the new prawn large-scale artificial breeding of knife volume, comprising the following steps:
(1) processing of water for larval nursing: by seawater precipitating, filtering, turbidity of sea water is made to be reduced to 1ppm or less and disappear to seawater
Poison.
(2) preparation of nursery place: nursery place includes including close shrimp isolation conservation workshop, oviposition conservation workshop, seed
Workshop is bred, equalized temperature pond, parent shrimp rearing pond is equipped in the parent shrimp isolation conservation workshop, is set in the oviposition conservation workshop
There are hatchery and Glass fibre reinforced plastic tub, is equipped with nursery pond in the seed breeding workshop；
(3) disinfection of nursery place: to the close shrimp isolation conservation workshop, oviposition conservation workshop, seed breeding workshop into
Row disinfection treatment；
(4) introduction of close shrimp: the close shrimp source of the new prawn of knife volume is sea area fishing, after the parent shrimp obtains, using close shrimp
Band is transported to shrimp isolation conservation workshop, and is put into the equalized temperature pond and carries out equalized temperature, parent's shrimp water-in-bag temperature and institute
After stating the water temperature balance in counterbalance cell, the parent shrimp, which is marked, is put into the parent shrimp rearing pond, and to the close shrimp and progress
Pathogen detection destroys the close shrimp for carrying pathogen；
(5) close shrimp gonad maturity accelerating: clam worm, oyster or squid are periodically fed to the close shrimp, and periodically to parent shrimp rearing pond
Change water soil pick-up, 90% or more quantity of exchanged water, to keep water purity in the close shrimp ponds；
(6) lay eggs, hatch and select excellent: the female shrimp for selecting sexual gland maturation is placed in the hatchery, to shrimp egg hatching
It when to nauplius, is transferred to the Glass fibre reinforced plastic tub and carries out carrying out light induction, select the good nauplius of healthy vigor and obtain
Shrimp seedling, and be put into the nursery pond；
(7) it feeds bait: different bait is launched to the shrimp seedling in different phase；
(8) salinity is adjusted: fresh water, which is added, to the nursery pond reduces salinity in nursery pond；
(9) air emerged: the shrimp seedling is put into the emergence bag equipped with emergence water, and be discharged in emergence bag, fills
It is sealed after oxygen.
The present invention is further arranged to, and the nursery place includes including close shrimp isolation conservation workshop, oviposition conservation vehicle
Between, heating equipment is equipped in seed breeding workshop, the equalized temperature pond, parent shrimp rearing pond, hatchery, nursery pond are equipped with
Oxygen replenishing equipment, inlet pipe road and drainage pipeline, the oxygen replenishing equipment include aerating machine, gas stone, and the aerating machine, gas stone have gas-guide tube
Connection.
The present invention is further arranged to, and adds 30W fluorescent lamp 1 above the parent shrimp rearing pond respectively, adjusts light week
Phase is 12~14h illumination, and 12~10h is dark.The parent shrimp rearing pool inner water depth is 40~60cm, and the gas stone is along pond inner wall four
Week is uniformly distributed, and density is every square of 0.5~1 gas stone.
The present invention is further arranged to, and the hatchery, the nursery pond depth of water are the larval rearing water in 50~60cm
Top is equipped with the drawing support film line to Suspension air stone, and the density of the gas stone is 0.5~1 gas stone.
The present invention is further arranged to, and the nursery pond is equipped with the black plastic film for shading.
The present invention is further arranged to, and shrimp ovum is periodically pushed during shrimp egg hatching, is kept ovum to be in suspended state, is pushed away
Ovum time interval is 30~60 minutes.
The present invention is further arranged to, and the bait includes natural bait and artitificial food, and the natural bait includes
Micro Algae, live bait, the Micro Algae are Chaetoceros, chrysophyceae chlorella living, and the live bait is wheel animalcule, and the artitificial food is shrimp
Piece.
Using above-mentioned technical proposal, the invention has the benefit that a kind of new prawn rule of knife volume provided by the present invention
It is good to have the characteristics that the speed of growth is fast, shrimp seedling does not carry pathogenic autoantibody, high survival rate, adaptability for the method for modelling artificial breeding.
Specific embodiment
The technical scheme in the embodiments of the invention will be clearly and completely described below, it is clear that described implementation
Example is only a part of the embodiment of the present invention, instead of all the embodiments.Based on the embodiments of the present invention, this field is common
Technical staff's every other embodiment obtained without creative efforts belongs to the model that the present invention protects
It encloses.
A kind of method of the new prawn large-scale artificial breeding of knife volume, comprising the following steps:
The processing of water for larval nursing: seawater being put into sedimentation basin and removes suspended solid, by turbidity of sea water be reduced to 15PPm with
Under, the seawater after precipitating is put into sand filter filtering, suspended solid, colloidal substance is further removed, turbidity of sea water is reduced to
After 1PPm hereinafter, filter via the filtered water for larval nursing of sand filter using Double-layer water-filtering cotton bag again, methylene blue is added
(0.01~0.015g/m3) or strong chlorine oil (0.7~0.75g/m3), the protozoan and bacterium in water are killed, is purified water,
Aeration is after 24~48 hours, and splash 8~10g/m3EDTA solution, heavy metal ion in complex water, makes water for larval nursing obtain salinity
25 ‰~30 ‰, pH value 8.0~8.5,28~30 DEG C of temperature.
The preparation of nursery place: nursery place includes including close shrimp isolation conservation workshop, oviposition conservation workshop, seed breeding
Workshop, stating nursery place includes being equipped with heat supply in workshop including close shrimp isolation conservation workshop, oviposition conservation workshop, seed breeding
Equipment, oxygen replenishing equipment include aerating machine, gas stone, and aerating machine, gas stone have gas-guide tube connection, and close shrimp isolation is equipped with temperature in conservation workshop
Counterbalance cell, parent shrimp rearing pond are spent, hatchery and Glass fibre reinforced plastic tub are equipped in conservation workshop of laying eggs, is equipped with nursery in seed breeding workshop
Pond, equalized temperature pond, parent shrimp rearing pond, hatchery, nursery pond are equipped with oxygen replenishing equipment, inlet pipe road and drainage pipeline.
The disinfection of nursery place: to close shrimp isolation conservation workshop, oviposition conservation workshop, seed breeding workshop and its in
Facility, charger, heating equipment and subsequent use tool should wash, and can be used through strict sterilization cleaning rear.Seed
Formaldehyde steaming method sterilization can be used by breeding workshop, and formaldehyde dosage is 8~10 milliliters every cubic metre.Nursery pond is sterilized with bleaching powder
It is scrubbed clean after one day, then with clear after the chlorine-containing disinfectant solution disinfection of 50~100 mg/litre of potassium permanganate or effective chlorine density
Stand-by after wash clean, gas stone, gas-guide tube are using the soaking disinfections such as potassium permanganate or bleaching powder using preceding.
After the disinfection of nursery place, 30W fluorescent lamp 1 will be added respectively above parent shrimp rearing pond, adjusting the photoperiod is
12~14h illumination, 12~10h is dark, and parent shrimp rearing pool inner water depth is 40~60cm, and gas stone is uniformly distributed use along pond inner wall surrounding
It is oxygenated in the water body in parent shrimp rearing pond, the density of gas stone is every square of 0.5~1 gas stone.Hatchery, larval rearing water
It is deeply the drawing support film line being equipped with above 50~60cm, hatchery, nursery pond to Suspension air stone, the density of gas stone is often to put down
0.5~1 gas stone in side, nursery pond are equipped with the black plastic film for shading.
The introduction of close shrimp: the close shrimp source of the new prawn of knife volume is sea area fishing, after close shrimp obtains, is transported to using close shrimp bag
Conservation workshop is isolated in shrimp, and of short duration be immersed in liquor potassic permanganate after disinfection of the close shrimp bag equipped with close shrimp is put into equalized temperature pond
Equalized temperature is carried out, after the water temperature in close shrimp water-in-bag temperature and counterbalance cell balances, close shrimp, which is marked, is put into parent shrimp rearing pond,
And to close shrimp and carry out pathogen detection (including intestines born of the same parents worm, secondary haemolysis, white spot syndrome, infectious subcutaneous tissue etc.), to taking
Close shrimp with pathogen is destroyed；
Close shrimp gonad maturity accelerating: feeding clam worm, oyster or squid to close shrimp three times a day, and Feeding time concentrates on night, throws
Feeding the time is 17:00,22:00,4:00.And in every morning to parent shrimp rearing Chi Huanshui soil pick-up, 90% or more quantity of exchanged water, to protect
Hold water purity in close shrimp ponds.
Lay eggs, hatch and select and is excellent: the female shrimp for selecting sexual gland maturation is placed in hatchery, and the water body and nursery in hatchery are used
Method for treating water is consistent, and water temperature is 29~31 DEG C.And in 17:00~18:00 in afternoon, the female shrimp for selecting gonadal maturation is put into
Hatchery waits producing, and after the oviposition of morning 0~2 point, female shrimp is chosen and is back to close shrimp ponds.
After 9~12h of the new prawn egg hatching of knife volume, start to hatch nauplius, after nauplius through 3 times husking after (shrimp ovum
12~16h after hatching), stopping is oxygenated hatchery and carries out young collection.About 30~60min is pushed away during shrimp egg hatching
Ovum is primary, keeps shrimp ovum to be in suspended state, helps to improve the hatching success of shrimp ovum.
The new prawn nauplius of the knife volume of collection is put into the Glass fibre reinforced plastic tub of 1000L, light induction is carried out, selects health
The good young of vigor is put into seed breeding pond after carrying out iodine solution disinfection.Young breeding density is that 100,000~30 Wan/㎡ wait for that shrimp ovum is incubated
When change to nauplius.
It feeds bait: different bait is launched to the shrimp seedling in different phase；Food species are divided into natural bait and people
Work bait, natural bait include Micro Algae and live bait, and Micro Algae is Chaetoceros and chrysophyceae chlorella living, and live bait is wheel animalcule；Manually
Bait is prawn slice, food species and feeding method approximately as (with 10 ㎡, 2,000,000 nauplius to calculate):
Before nauplius becomes zoea, Miao Chi feeds 100,000/ml of unit cell concentration of algae or so, and algae feeds Shi Yaoyong
300 mesh net filtrations one time；
It one phase of zoea, sees concentration of algae situation in pond morning, suitably takes the circumstances into consideration to feed, keep concentration of algae on the left side 100,000/ml
Furthermore the right side is no longer fed other；
The zoea second phase, noon 14:00 starts to feed prawn slice, feed within 4 hours 1 time, through 300 mesh net mistakes when algae feeds
Filter one time uniformly sprinkles into nursery pond, keeps concentration of algae in 7.5 ten thousand/ml or so；
It three phase of zoea, fed since midnight on the same day, splash daily 1 bacillus 50ml and Bacillus acidi lactici
100ml rubs material net with the hands through 250 mesh when algae feeds and rubs with the hands in water, uniformly sprinkles into nursery pond, keep unit cell concentration of algae 7.5 ten thousand/
Ml or so.
One phase of mysis: morning on same day 2:00 starts to feed wheel animalcule, and replaces with algae and feed.Algae is rubbed with the hands through 200 mesh
Material net is rubbed with the hands in water, is uniformly sprinkled into nursery pond, is kept 50,000/ml of unit cell concentration of algae or so, wheel animalcule day feeding volume: 20~30/
Tail.
The mysis second phase: algae rubs material net with the hands through 200 mesh and rubs with the hands in water, uniformly sprinkles into nursery pond.Keep unit cell concentration of algae 5
Ten thousand/ml or so.Wheel animalcule day feeding volume: 30~40/tail.
Three phase of mysis: algae rubs material net with the hands through 160 mesh and rubs with the hands in water, uniformly sprinkles into nursery pond, keeps unit cell concentration of algae 5
Ten thousand/ml or so, wheel animalcule day feeding volume: 40~50/tail.
Young shrimp P1: algae rubs material net with the hands through 120 mesh and rubs with the hands in water, uniformly sprinkles into nursery pond, wheel animalcule day feeding volume: 50~70
A/tail.
Young shrimp P2: algae will rub material net with the hands through 100 mesh and rub with the hands in water, uniformly sprinkle into nursery pond, wheel animalcule day feeding volume: 60~80
A/tail.
Young shrimp P3: wheel animalcule is gradually substituted using frost fairy shrimp, splash daily 1 bacillus 50ml and Bacillus acidi lactici
100ml.Algae will rub material net with the hands through 80 mesh and rub with the hands in water, uniformly sprinkle into nursery pond, wheel animalcule day feeding volume: 80~90/tail (available
The fairy shrimp replacement of phase homogenous quantities frost).
Young shrimp P4: algae will rub material net with the hands through 40 mesh and rub with the hands in water, uniformly sprinkle into nursery pond, fairy shrimp day feeding volume: 8~10
A/tail.
Same as described above from the young shrimp feeding method before emergence in the stage of young shrimp P4, bacillus and lactic acid bacteria are thrown
Hello amount, number and time are constant, and the amount of fairy shrimp each phase about adds 1~2/tail.
Salinity is adjusted: fresh water, which is added, to nursery pond reduces salinity in nursery pond, and the salinity range that the new prawn of knife volume adapts to is wide,
Desalination needs to be desalinated by the actual salinity content of water body in the new prawn of the knife volume natural environment to be grown, such as nursery lake salt
Degree from 28 ‰ desalinations to 2 ‰, can 6~7 days before emergence (young shrimp P4~P5 stage) start to desalinate.First day by salinity from 28 ‰
Desalinate salinity by 20 ‰, second days from 20 ‰ to 12 ‰, third day by salinity from 12 ‰ to 6 ‰, the 4th days by salinity from 6 ‰
To 3 ‰, the 5th days by salinity from 3 ‰ to 2 ‰, be left 1~2 day stabilization in the salinity adaptation.When desalination, fresh water uniformly to drench into
Nursery pond, and fresh water drenches and wants slow into speed.
Emergence: shrimp seedling is put into the emergence bag equipped with emergence water, should fill water about 10L in bag of emerging, and be discharged out
Air in seedling bag seals after oxygenation, can be put into proper amount of active carbon wherein, and every bag of density of emerging can be on 5~60,000 shrimp seedlings left side
The right side if transportation range farther out or temperature is higher, can suitably reduce the density of every bag of shrimp seedling, while using low temperature (15~20 degree) ring
It is transported in border.
Using above-mentioned technical proposal, the invention has the benefit that a kind of new prawn rule of knife volume provided by the present invention
It is good to have the characteristics that the speed of growth is fast, shrimp seedling does not carry pathogenic autoantibody, high survival rate, adaptability for the method for modelling artificial breeding.
Above-described is only presently preferred embodiments of the present invention, is not intended to limit the invention, all of the invention
Within spirit and principle, any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement and so on be should all be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. a kind of method of the new prawn large-scale artificial breeding of knife volume, which is characterized in that include the following steps
(1) processing of water for larval nursing: by seawater precipitating, filtering, turbidity of sea water is made to be reduced to 1ppm or less and sterilize to seawater.
(2) preparation of nursery place: nursery place includes including close shrimp isolation conservation workshop, oviposition conservation workshop, seed breeding
Workshop, the parent shrimp, which is isolated in conservation workshop, is equipped with equalized temperature pond, parent shrimp rearing pond, is equipped with and incubates in the oviposition conservation workshop
Change pond and Glass fibre reinforced plastic tub, is equipped with nursery pond in the seed breeding workshop；
(3) disinfection of nursery place: disappear to the close shrimp isolation conservation workshop, oviposition conservation workshop, seed breeding workshop
Poison processing；
(4) introduction of close shrimp: the close shrimp source of the new prawn of knife volume is sea area fishing, after the parent shrimp obtains, using close shrimp band fortune
It send to shrimp and conservation workshop is isolated, and be put into the equalized temperature pond and carry out equalized temperature, parent's shrimp water-in-bag temperature is put down with described
After the water temperature balance to weigh in pond, the parent shrimp, which is marked, is put into the parent shrimp rearing pond, and to the close shrimp and carries out cause of disease
Physical examination is surveyed, and is destroyed to the close shrimp for carrying pathogen；
(5) close shrimp gonad maturity accelerating: clam worm, oyster or squid are periodically fed to the close shrimp, and periodically to parent shrimp rearing Chi Huanshui
Soil pick-up, 90% or more quantity of exchanged water, to keep water purity in the close shrimp ponds；
(6) lay eggs, hatch and select excellent: the female shrimp for selecting sexual gland maturation is placed in the hatchery, to shrimp egg hatching to nothing
It when saving the young, is transferred to the Glass fibre reinforced plastic tub and carries out carrying out light induction, select the good nauplius of healthy vigor and obtain shrimp seedling,
And it is put into the nursery pond；
(7) it feeds bait: different bait is launched to the shrimp seedling in different phase；
(8) salinity is adjusted: fresh water, which is added, to the nursery pond reduces salinity in nursery pond；
(9) air emerged: the shrimp seedling is put into the emergence bag equipped with emergence water, and be discharged in emergence bag, after oxygenation
Sealing.
2. a kind of method of the new prawn large-scale artificial breeding of knife volume according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: described to educate
Seedling place include include close shrimp isolation conservation workshop, oviposition conservation workshop, be equipped with heating equipment in seed breeding workshop, it is described
Equalized temperature pond, parent shrimp rearing pond, hatchery, nursery pond are equipped with oxygen replenishing equipment, inlet pipe road and drainage pipeline, and the oxygenation is set
Standby includes aerating machine, gas stone, and the aerating machine, gas stone have gas-guide tube connection.
3. a kind of method of the new prawn large-scale artificial breeding of knife volume according to claim 2, it is characterised in that: the parent
30W fluorescent lamp 1 is added above shrimp culture pond respectively, the adjusting photoperiod is 12~14h illumination, and 12~10h is dark.The parent shrimp
The depth of water is 40~60cm in culture pond, and the gas stone is uniformly distributed along pond inner wall surrounding, and density is every square of 0.5~1 gas stone.
4. a kind of method of the new prawn large-scale artificial breeding of knife volume according to claim 2, it is characterised in that: described to incubate
Change pond, the nursery pond depth of water are that the drawing support film line to Suspension air stone is equipped with above the larval rearing water in 50~60cm, described
The density of gas stone is 0.5~1 gas stone.
5. a kind of method of the new prawn large-scale artificial breeding of knife volume according to claim 4, it is characterised in that: described to educate
Miao Chi is equipped with the black plastic film for shading.
6. a kind of method of the new prawn large-scale artificial breeding of knife volume according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: in shrimp ovum
Shrimp ovum is periodically pushed during hatching, ovum is kept to be in suspended state, and pushing away ovum time interval is 30~60 minutes.
7. a kind of method of the new prawn large-scale artificial breeding of knife volume according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the bait
Material includes natural bait and artitificial food, and the natural bait includes Micro Algae, live bait, and the Micro Algae is Chaetoceros, chrysophyceae
Chlorella living, the live bait are wheel animalcule, and the artitificial food is prawn slice.
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2024115526A1 (en) * | 2022-11-29 | 2024-06-06 | Lagosta Sa | Process for breeding crustaceans |
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| CN104823883A (en) * | 2015-04-07 | 2015-08-12 | 高邮市阳光特种水产专业合作社 | Macrobranchium rosenbergii larvae breeding method |
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