CN110194665B - 一种石墨炊具及其制备工艺 - Google Patents

一种石墨炊具及其制备工艺 Download PDF

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CN110194665B
CN110194665B CN201910651923.6A CN201910651923A CN110194665B CN 110194665 B CN110194665 B CN 110194665B CN 201910651923 A CN201910651923 A CN 201910651923A CN 110194665 B CN110194665 B CN 110194665B
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CN110194665A (zh
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赵冬冬
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Pingdingshan Xrd Graphite Manufacturing Co ltd
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Abstract

一种石墨炊具，按照重量份数，所述石墨炊具是由85‑95份石墨粉和15‑25份硅粉作为主料、3‑5份氧化铝、3‑5份烧结助剂和3‑5份粘接剂作为辅料，并添加4‑6份外加剂均匀混合后，通过粉末冶金工艺制备而成，其中，所述外加剂是由水溶性淀粉、碱性硅溶胶和无水酒精按照1:1:7的重量比混合而成。本发明的石墨炊具，具有良好的塑韧性与强度，且制备工艺简单、生产成本低廉。

Description

一种石墨炊具及其制备工艺
技术领域
本发明涉及石墨炊具技术领域，具体为一种石墨炊具及其制备工艺。
背景技术
石墨具有高导热、传热快、受热均匀、节约燃料，因此采用石墨制成的烤盘，锅等加热快，而且烧制的食物受热均匀，从里往外熟，加热时间短，不仅味道纯正，而且能锁住食物本来的养分。此外石墨还具有化学稳定性和抗侵蚀能力，以及健康环保，无放射性污染，耐高温等特点。因此，特别适合制备一些炊具，比如饭煲、压力锅内胆，烤盘面板，炒锅等等。而石墨制成品具有塑形韧性差，抗弯曲强度低等缺点，导致了石墨制品在使用过程中易造成摔碎、磕伤等致命性伤害。现有石墨炊具的加工方法是纯机械加工，将石墨原材通过锯切、车削、打磨、抛光等诸多工艺加工成各种型号的石墨炊具。这种方法制备周期长，且过程中需要使用大量的机加工设备，人工成本高昂，导致石墨炊具目前成本价格极高。因此，需要一种新型的石墨炊具的加工方法，以降低生产周期与成本。
发明内容
为了解决上述问题，本发明的目的是提出一种石墨炊具，具有良好的塑韧性与强度，且制备工艺简单、生产成本低廉。
本发明为了解决上述问题所采取的技术方案为：一种石墨炊具，按照重量份数，所述石墨炊具是由85-95份石墨粉和15-25份硅粉作为主料、3-5份氧化铝、3-5份烧结助剂和3-5份粘接剂作为辅料，并添加4-6份外加剂均匀混合后，通过粉末冶金工艺制备而成，其中，所述外加剂是由水溶性淀粉、碱性硅溶胶和无水酒精按照1:1:7的重量比混合而成。
进一步的，所述烧结助剂为氧化钙或氧化镁或氧化锰。
进一步的，所述粘接剂为酚醛树脂或聚乙烯醇。
进一步的，所述石墨粉和硅粉的粒径大小至少为300目。
进一步的，所述氧化铝、烧结助剂和粘接剂的粒径大小至少为50目。
一种石墨炊具的制备工艺，包括以下步骤：
步骤一、依次取85-95份石墨粉、15-25份硅粉、3-5份氧化铝、3-5份烧结助剂和3-5份粘接剂，均匀混合制成混合粉剂，备用；
步骤二、取4-6份外加剂，先将水溶性淀粉加入水中，均匀升温至80-90℃后保温50-60min，待自然冷却后向其中依次加入碱性硅溶胶和无水酒精，混合搅拌均匀，制成混合液，备用；
步骤三、将混合液均匀加入到混合粉剂中，搅拌均匀后，填充至140-160℃的热模具中在100-150T的压力下保温15-30min，制成胚体；
步骤四、将胚体置于1100-1400℃的真空烧结炉中烧结2-4天，取出自然冷却，即得成品。
与现有技术相比，本发明具有以下有益效果：
本发明所述的一种石墨炊具，以石墨粉为主要原料，通过粉末冶金的工艺制备石墨炊具，改变了传统机加工的制备方法，缩短了生产周期，降低了生产成本，使整体生产效率的得到了质的提高。
另外，考虑到石墨强度低、塑韧性差的缺点，在石墨粉中添加硅粉，硅粉在高温下能够与石墨反应生产一定量的碳化硅陶瓷，具有金属陶瓷的优点，能够有效改善石墨强度低、塑韧性差的缺点，另外，添加少量的氧化铝，高温下与硅粉能够反应生产一定量的铝硅酸盐，也就是莫来石，其同样能够改善石墨的性能缺点。烧结助剂和粘接剂便于各类粉剂之间的熔融混合；外加剂中，水溶性淀粉与碱性硅溶胶结合，配合污水酒精作为溶剂，优化了各组分的粒度分布，优化混合共融效果。
具体实施方式
以下结合实施例对本发明的技术方案作进一步地详细介绍，但本发明的保护范围并不局限于此。
实施例1：
一种石墨炊具，按照重量份数，所述石墨炊具是由85份石墨粉和15份硅粉作为主料、3份氧化铝、3份烧结助剂和3份粘接剂作为辅料，并添加4份外加剂均匀混合后，通过粉末冶金工艺制备而成，其中，所述外加剂是由水溶性淀粉、碱性硅溶胶和无水酒精按照1:1:7的重量比混合而成。
本发明中，所述烧结助剂为氧化钙或氧化镁或氧化锰。
本发明中，所述粘接剂为酚醛树脂或聚乙烯醇。
本发明中，所述石墨粉和硅粉的粒径大小至少为300目。
本发明中，所述氧化铝、烧结助剂和粘接剂的粒径大小至少为50目。
一种石墨炊具的制备工艺，包括以下步骤：
步骤一、依次取85份石墨粉、15份硅粉、3份氧化铝、3份烧结助剂和3份粘接剂，均匀混合制成混合粉剂，备用；
步骤二、取4份外加剂，先将水溶性淀粉加入水中，均匀升温至80℃后保温60min，待自然冷却后向其中依次加入碱性硅溶胶和无水酒精，混合搅拌均匀，制成混合液，备用；
步骤三、将混合液均匀加入到混合粉剂中，搅拌均匀后，填充至140℃的热模具中在150T的压力下保温30min，制成胚体；
步骤四、将胚体置于1100℃的真空烧结炉中烧结4天，取出自然冷却，即得成品。
实施例2：
一种石墨炊具，按照重量份数，所述石墨炊具是由95份石墨粉和25份硅粉作为主料、5份氧化铝、5份烧结助剂和5份粘接剂作为辅料，并添加6份外加剂均匀混合后，通过粉末冶金工艺制备而成，其中，所述外加剂是由水溶性淀粉、碱性硅溶胶和无水酒精按照1:1:7的重量比混合而成。
本发明中，所述烧结助剂为氧化钙或氧化镁或氧化锰。
本发明中，所述粘接剂为酚醛树脂或聚乙烯醇。
本发明中，所述石墨粉和硅粉的粒径大小至少为300目。
本发明中，所述氧化铝、烧结助剂和粘接剂的粒径大小至少为50目。
一种石墨炊具的制备工艺，包括以下步骤：
步骤一、依次取95份石墨粉、25份硅粉、5份氧化铝、5份烧结助剂和5份粘接剂，均匀混合制成混合粉剂，备用；
步骤二、取6份外加剂，先将水溶性淀粉加入水中，均匀升温至90℃后保温50min，待自然冷却后向其中依次加入碱性硅溶胶和无水酒精，混合搅拌均匀，制成混合液，备用；
步骤三、将混合液均匀加入到混合粉剂中，搅拌均匀后，填充至160℃的热模具中在150T的压力下保温15min，制成胚体；
步骤四、将胚体置于1400℃的真空烧结炉中烧结2天，取出自然冷却，即得成品。
实施例3：
一种石墨炊具，按照重量份数，所述石墨炊具是由90份石墨粉和20份硅粉作为主料、4份氧化铝、4份烧结助剂和4份粘接剂作为辅料，并添加5份外加剂均匀混合后，通过粉末冶金工艺制备而成，其中，所述外加剂是由水溶性淀粉、碱性硅溶胶和无水酒精按照1:1:7的重量比混合而成。
本发明中，所述烧结助剂为氧化钙或氧化镁或氧化锰。
本发明中，所述粘接剂为酚醛树脂或聚乙烯醇。
本发明中，所述石墨粉和硅粉的粒径大小至少为300目。
本发明中，所述氧化铝、烧结助剂和粘接剂的粒径大小至少为50目。
一种石墨炊具的制备工艺，包括以下步骤：
步骤一、依次取90份石墨粉、20份硅粉、4份氧化铝、4份烧结助剂和4份粘接剂，均匀混合制成混合粉剂，备用；
步骤二、取5份外加剂，先将水溶性淀粉加入水中，均匀升温至85℃后保温55min，待自然冷却后向其中依次加入碱性硅溶胶和无水酒精，混合搅拌均匀，制成混合液，备用；
步骤三、将混合液均匀加入到混合粉剂中，搅拌均匀后，填充至150℃的热模具中在125T的压力下保温20min，制成胚体；
步骤四、将胚体置于1250℃的真空烧结炉中烧结3天，取出自然冷却，即得成品。

Claims (4)

1.一种石墨炊具，其特征在于，按照重量份数，所述石墨炊具是由85-95份石墨粉和15-25份硅粉作为主料、3-5份氧化铝、3-5份烧结助剂和3-5份粘接剂作为辅料，并添加4-6份外加剂均匀混合后，通过粉末冶金工艺制备而成，其中，所述外加剂是由水溶性淀粉、碱性硅溶胶和无水酒精按照1:1:7的重量比混合而成；
所述氧化铝、烧结助剂和粘接剂的粒径大小至少为50目；
所述石墨炊具的制备工艺，包括以下步骤：
步骤一、依次取85-95份石墨粉、15-25份硅粉、3-5份氧化铝、3-5份烧结助剂和3-5份粘接剂，均匀混合制成混合粉剂，备用；
步骤二、取4-6份外加剂，先将水溶性淀粉加入水中，均匀升温至80-90℃后保温50-60min，待自然冷却后向其中依次加入碱性硅溶胶和无水酒精，混合搅拌均匀，制成混合液，备用；
步骤三、将混合液均匀加入到混合粉剂中，搅拌均匀后，填充至140-160℃的热模具中在100-150T的压力下保温15-30min，制成胚体；
步骤四、将胚体置于1100-1400℃的真空烧结炉中烧结2-4天，取出自然冷却，即得成品。
2.如权利要求1所述的一种石墨炊具，其特征在于：所述烧结助剂为氧化钙或氧化镁或氧化锰。
3.如权利要求1所述的一种石墨炊具，其特征在于：所述粘接剂为酚醛树脂或聚乙烯醇。
4.如权利要求1所述的一种石墨炊具，其特征在于：所述石墨粉和硅粉的粒径大小至少为300目。
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