CN110185164B - 一种超低能耗建筑用节能保温板及其制备方法 - Google Patents
一种超低能耗建筑用节能保温板及其制备方法 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种超低能耗建筑用节能保温板,包括保温板本体,所述保温板本体由以下重量份的原料组成:白云石粉20~30份,滑石粉5~10份,膨胀玻化微珠3~10份,氧化镁40~50份,减水剂0.1~0.3份,抗裂剂0.15~0.25份,保水剂0.2~0.5份,玻璃丝布5~7份;所述保温板本体的内部间隙均匀分布有液体阻燃剂;所述保温板本体的内部穿设有若干“X”型的线管,若干所述线管在保温板本体的内部均匀分布,所述线管的内部填充有隔音材料,所述线管的两端均与保温板本体的外表面连接;本发明还涉及一种超低能耗建筑用节能保温板的制备方法,包括:备料、制模、成型处理、阻燃处理、隔音处理等步骤。本发明的一种超低能耗建筑用节能保温板能够阻燃、隔音和保温,同时还具备优良的抗压性。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及建筑材料领域,具体是一种超低能耗建筑用节能保温板及其制备方法。
背景技术
随着经济发展与资源环境矛盾的日趋尖锐,人们环保意识的日益增强,节能环保新材料成为人们的研究热点。目前,建筑的节能保温作为世界建筑发展的一个趋向和当代科学技术的一个新的生长点,对我国实现可持续发展具有重要的意义。
现今,我国建筑物的墙体保温板主要为EPS板、XPS板、PU板和无机保温板等。其中,EPS板、XPS板、PU板均属于有机保温板,其保温材料性能优越,且具备质轻、保温、隔热性好等优点;无机保温板具备极佳的温度稳定性和化学稳定性,有耐酸碱、耐腐蚀、不开裂、不脱落、稳定性高不老化等优点。
但是,目前的墙体的保温板还存在以下重大缺陷:
1.有机保温材料的防火安全性差,易老化,燃烧时烟雾大、毒性大,而施工过程中时常会出现电焊、明火等情况,因此具备引发火灾的重大隐患;
2.无机保温材料的重量重、强度差,不仅施工过程的难度大、成本高,而且极易损坏;
3.由于保温板中一般含有轻质泡沫材料,这些腔体在遭受到重物撞击时会发生变形,影响建筑的美观;同时保温板的拆装和更换操作繁琐,费时费力。
中国专利文献CN200710031860.1,申请日20071130,名称为:改性玻化微珠保温隔热砂浆及其制备方法,公开了一种以有机硅憎水剂处理低品质玻化微珠,再采用改性后的玻化微珠制备出改性玻化微珠保温隔热砂浆的技术方案。
上述专利对膨胀玻化微珠的表面进行了疏水化改性,但关于一种能够阻燃、隔音,并且具备优良的抗压性的节能保温板的技术方案则尚未提出。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于克服现有技术的不足,提供一种超低能耗建筑用节能保温板,以至少达到能够阻燃、隔音和保温,并且具备优良的抗压性的效果。
本发明的另一目的在于提供一种超低能耗建筑用节能保温板的制备方法。
本发明的目的是通过以下技术方案来实现的:一种超低能耗建筑用节能保温板,包括保温板本体,所述保温板本体由以下重量份的原料组成:白云石粉20~30份,滑石粉5~10份,膨胀玻化微珠3~10份,氧化镁40~50份,减水剂0.1~0.3份,抗裂剂0.15~0.25份,保水剂0.2~0.5份,玻璃丝布5~7份;所述保温板本体的内部间隙均匀分布有液体阻燃剂。
通过上述技术方案,在所述原料中添加了膨胀玻化微珠,利用了所述膨胀玻化微珠质轻、隔热防火、耐高低温、抗老化和吸水率小等优点,达到了增强保温板的功能的效果;另外,所述抗裂剂和玻璃丝布的增加,达到了提高保温板的防裂性的效果;除此之外,液体阻燃剂的添加提高了所述保温板本体的阻燃性。
优选的,所述保温板本体由以下重量份的原料组成:白云石粉25份,滑石粉8份,膨胀玻化微珠7份,氧化镁45份,减水剂0.2份,抗裂剂0.2份,保水剂0.3份,玻璃丝布6份。
优选的,所述保温板本体的内部穿设有若干“X”型的线管,若干所述线管在保温板本体的内部均匀分布,所述线管的内部填充有隔音材料,所述线管的两端均与保温板本体的外表面连接。
通过上述技术方案,若干“X”型的线管在所述保温板本体之间形成了两个三角形的支撑力矩,大大提高了所述保温板本体的抗压强度,达到提高所述保温板本体的抗压性的效果;与此同时,在所述线管中填充隔音材料,达到了提高所述保温板本体的隔音能力的效果。
优选的,所述隔音材料由超细纤维、熔融纤维经过防水防油处理后,混合加工而成。
通过上述技术方案,对所述隔音材料进行防水防油处理,达到了提升所述隔音材料的使用寿命的效果。
优选的,所述保温板本体的外部包裹有高阻隔薄膜,所述高阻隔薄膜的周边和保温板的周边粘合构成密封边。
通过上述技术方案,所述高阻隔薄膜紧紧密贴合所述保温板本体,提高了所述保温板本体的阻隔性能。
一种超低能耗建筑用节能保温板的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
S1.备料:按重量份计,取白云石粉20~30份,滑石粉5~10份,膨胀玻化微珠3~10份,氧化镁40~50份,减水剂0.1~0.3份,抗裂剂0.15~0.25份,保水剂0.2~0.5份,玻璃丝布5~7份,将其加入溶剂35~40份中并搅拌均匀得到预处理料,所述溶剂为水;
S2.制模:在保温板成型模具上预留若干用于容纳所述线管的空腔;
S3.成型处理:将所述预处理料置于所述保温板成型模具内,并压实抚平,将所述保温板成型模具和物料同时置于加热装置内加热成型得到预成型板材,再将所述预成型板材脱模并置于加热装置中,同时向所述加热装置中通入氦气,使其烧结成型,得到成型板材;使烧结过程在氦气氛围中进行,可以避免氧气和化学物质进行反应,降低所述成型板材中有机物组分的含量;
S4.阻燃处理:将所述成型板材置于真空渗透设备内,使其一侧为抽真空区域,另一侧为渗透液存储区;将液体阻燃剂加入所述渗透液存储区,并在所述抽真空区进行抽真空工作,使所述液体阻燃剂在负压作用下渗透所述成型板材,干燥得到保温板材;使用抽真空的方式渗透液体阻燃剂,可以使其在负压的条件下充分的填满所述成型板材的空隙,提高制得的保温板本体的阻燃性能;
S5.隔音处理:向所述线管中填充所述隔音材料,然后将所述线管放入预留的空腔内,并用粘结剂将所述线管的两端与保温板材的外表面粘连;
S6.包裹:将所述高阻隔薄膜包裹在S5中得到的保温板材的外表面,并抽真空使其紧密贴合,得到所述保温板本体;通过添加高阻隔薄膜,提高了制得的保温板本体的阻隔性。
优选的,在S3中,所述加热装置包括但不限于微波炉、烘箱、马弗炉。
优选的,在S3中,通入所述氦气的流速为30~100ml/min。
通过上述技术方案,使烧结过程在充分的氦气氛围下进行,防止化学物质与氧气反应,达到了降低所述保温板本体中有机物组分的含量的效果。
优选的,在S5中,所述隔音材料由超细纤维、熔融纤维在喷洒三防液进行防水防油处理之后,按重量比为70~80:20~30混合加工而成。
通过上述技术方案,通过三防液对所述超细纤维和熔融纤维进行防水防油处理,可以在不影响吸引效果的同时,提升所述隔音材料的防水防油的功效,达到了提升所述隔音材料的使用寿命的效果。
优选的,在S5中,所述粘结剂为乳化沥青。
本发明的有益效果是:
1.本发明的一种超低能耗建筑用节能保温板,在所述原料中添加了膨胀玻化微珠,利用了所述膨胀玻化微珠质轻、隔热防火、耐高低温、抗老化和吸水率小等优点,达到了增强保温板的功能的效果;另外,所述抗裂剂和玻璃丝布的增加,达到了提高保温板防裂性的效果。
2.本发明的一种超低能耗建筑用节能保温板,在所述保温板本体中设置了若干“X”型的线管,所述线管在所述保温板本体之间形成了两个三角形的支撑力矩,大大提高了所述保温板本体的抗压强度,达到提高所述保温板本体的抗压性的效果;与此同时,在所述线管内部填充了隔音材料,达到了提高所述保温板本体的隔音能力的效果。
3.本发明的一种超低能耗建筑用节能保温板的制备方法,使加热装置在氦气氛围中进行烧结,避免了氧气和保温板中的化学物质进行反应,达到了降低所述成型板材中有机物组分的含量的效果。
4.本发明的一种超低能耗建筑用节能保温板的制备方法,使用抽真空的方式令所述液体阻燃剂渗透到所述成型板材的空隙,达到了使其充分填充从而提高所述保温板本体的阻燃性能的效果。
附图说明
图1为本发明中所述超低能耗建筑用节能保温板的结构示意图。
图中,1、保温板本体;2、线管;3、高阻隔薄膜;4、隔音材料;。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图进一步详细描述本发明的技术方案,但本发明的保护范围不局限于以下所述。
实施例1
一种超低能耗建筑用节能保温板,包括保温板本体1,保温板本体1由以下重量份的原料组成:白云石粉25份,滑石粉8份,膨胀玻化微珠7份,氧化镁45份,减水剂0.2份,抗裂剂0.2份,保水剂0.3份,玻璃丝布6份;其中,减水剂为聚羧酸减水剂,抗裂剂为聚丙烯抗裂纤维,保水剂为丙烯酰胺-丙烯酸盐共聚交联物。保温板本体1的内部间隙均匀分布有液体阻燃剂,液体阻燃剂采用TL-1液体阻燃剂。
实施例2
一种超低能耗建筑用节能保温板,包括保温板本体1,保温板本体1由以下重量份的原料组成:白云石粉20份,滑石粉5份,膨胀玻化微珠5份,氧化镁40份,减水剂0.1份,抗裂剂0.15份,保水剂0.2份,玻璃丝布5份;其中,减水剂为萘系磺酸盐亚甲基高级缩合物,抗裂剂为聚丙烯抗裂纤维,保水剂为甲基纤维素醚。保温板本体1的内部间隙均匀分布有液体阻燃剂,液体阻燃剂采用TL-1液体阻燃剂。
实施例3
如图1所示,一种超低能耗建筑用节能保温板,包括保温板本体1,保温板本体1的内部均匀穿设有若干“X”型的线管2,线管2的内部填充有由超细纤维、熔融纤维在喷洒三防液进行防水防油处理之后,按重量比为70:20混合加工而成的隔音材料4;通过“X”型的线管2在保温板本体1之间形成的两个三角形的支撑力矩提升了保温板本体1的抗压性,与此同时,填充的隔音材料4提升了保温板本体1的隔音效果。线管2的两端均与保温板本体1的外表面连接。保温板本体1的外部包裹有高阻隔薄膜3,高阻隔薄膜3的周边和保温板的周边粘合构成密封边,提高了保温板本体1的阻隔性。
实施例4
一种超低能耗建筑用节能保温板的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
S1.备料:按重量份计,白云石粉25份,滑石粉8份,膨胀玻化微珠7份,氧化镁45份,减水剂0.2份,抗裂剂0.2份,保水剂0.3份,玻璃丝布6份,将其加入水35份中并搅拌均匀得到预处理料;其中,减水剂为聚羧酸减水剂,抗裂剂为聚丙烯抗裂纤维,保水剂为丙烯酰胺-丙烯酸盐共聚交联物;
S2.制模:在保温板成型模具上预留若干用于容纳线管2的空腔;
S3.成型处理:将预处理料置于保温板成型模具内,并压实抚平,将保温板成型模具和物料同时置于马弗炉内,在200℃下加热15min成型得到预成型板材;再将预成型板材脱模并置于马弗炉中,同时向马弗炉中以50ml/min的流速通入氦气,在800℃下加热3h使其烧结成型,得到成型板材;
S4.阻燃处理:将成型板材置于真空渗透设备内,使其一侧为抽真空区域,另一侧为渗透液存储区;将TL-1液体阻燃剂加入渗透液存储区,并在抽真空区进行抽真空工作,使TL-1液体阻燃剂在负压作用下渗透成型板材,干燥得到保温板材;
S5.隔音处理:向若干线管2中填充由喷洒了三防液的超细纤维和熔融纤维按重量比为70:20混合加工而成的隔音材料4,然后将若干线管2放入预留的空腔内,并用粘结剂将线管2的两端与保温板材的外表面粘连,粘结剂为乳化沥青;
S6.包裹:将高阻隔薄膜3包裹在由S5得到的保温板材的外表面,并抽真空使其紧密贴合,得到保温板本体1。
试验效果
1.为了验证本发明的一种超低能耗建筑用节能保温板的性能,进行了对比试验。试验将保温板分为对照组A、对照组B和实验组3组,其中实验组为采用实施例4中的制备方法得到的保温板,对照组A采用市面上常用的保温板,对照组B采用市面上常用的防火板,实验组、对照组A和对照组B的保温板的厚度均为50mm。试验在相同条件下对实验组、对照组A和对照组B进行了性能测试,结果如下表所示:
由于保温板的导热系数越低,保温性能越好;抗压强度越高,抗压性越好;耐火时长越久,阻燃性能越好。
通过上述对比试验可以得出,本发明的一种超低能耗建筑用节能保温板的保温性能在略高于市面上常用的保温板的同时,耐火极限、抗压强度和隔音性能都大大优于市面上常用的保温板;除此之外,本发明的一种超低能耗建筑用节能保温板的防火性能在略高于市面上常用的防火板的同时,保温性能、抗压强度和隔音性能都明显优于市面上常用的防火板。
2.为了验证本发明的一种超低能耗建筑用节能保温板对抗压性的提升,进行了对比试验。试验将保温板分为对照组和实验组2组;其中实验组为采用本实施例4中的制备方法得到的保温板,对照组为采用本实施例4中除去S2和S4步骤,但同样添加了隔音材料的制备方法得到的保温板,即对照组中的保温板未设置“X”型线管。实验组和对照组的保温板厚度均为50mm。试验在相同条件下,对实验组和对照组进行了抗压性测试,结果如下表所示:
通过上述对比试验可以得出,本发明的一种超低能耗建筑用节能保温板的抗压强度相比于未添加“X”型线管的保温板,抗压性得到了显著的提高。
综上所述,本发明的一种超低能耗建筑用节能保温板不仅能够阻燃、隔音,还具备优良的抗压性。
以上所述仅是本发明的优选实施方式,应当理解本发明并非局限于本文所披露的形式,不应看作是对其他实施例的排除,而可用于各种其他组合、修改和环境,并能够在本文所述构想范围内,通过上述教导或相关领域的技术或知识进行改动。而本领域人员所进行的改动和变化不脱离本发明的精神和范围,则都应在本发明所附权利要求的保护范围内。
Claims (8)
1.一种超低能耗建筑用节能保温板的制备方法,其特征在于:
所述保温板包括保温板本体(1),所述保温板本体(1)的内部穿设有若干“X”型的线管(2),若干所述线管(2)在保温板本体(1)的内部均匀分布,所述线管(2)的内部填充有隔音材料(4),所述线管(2)的两端均与保温板本体(1)的外表面连接;
所述保温板的制备方法包括以下步骤:
S1.备料:按重量份计,取白云石粉20~30份,滑石粉5~10份,膨胀玻化微珠3~10份,氧化镁40~50份,减水剂0.1~0.3份,抗裂剂0.15~0.25份,保水剂0.2~0.5份,玻璃丝布5~7份,将其加入溶剂35~40份中并搅拌均匀得到预处理料,所述溶剂为水;
S2.制模:在保温板成型模具上预留若干用于容纳所述线管(2)的空腔;
S3.成型处理:将所述预处理料置于所述保温板成型模具内,并压实抚平,将所述保温板成型模具和物料同时置于加热装置内加热成型得到预成型板材,再将所述预成型板材脱模并置于加热装置中,同时向所述加热装置中通入氦气,使其烧结成型,得到成型板材;
S4.阻燃处理:将所述成型板材置于真空渗透设备内,使其一侧为抽真空区域,另一侧为渗透液存储区;将液体阻燃剂加入所述渗透液存储区,并在所述抽真空区进行抽真空工作,使所述液体阻燃剂在负压作用下渗透所述成型板材,干燥得到保温板材;
S5.隔音处理:向所述线管(2)中填充所述隔音材料(4),然后将所述线管(2)放入预留的空腔内,并用粘结剂将所述线管(2)的两端与保温板材的外表面粘连;
S6.包裹:将高阻隔薄膜(3)包裹在S5中得到的保温板材的外表面,并抽真空使其紧密贴合,得到所述保温板本体(1)。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种超低能耗建筑用节能保温板的制备方法,其特征在于:在S3中,所述加热装置包括但不限于微波炉、烘箱、马弗炉。
3.根据权利要求1所述的一种超低能耗建筑用节能保温板的制备方法,其特征在于:在S3中,通入所述氦气的流速为30~100ml/min。
4.根据权利要求1所述的一种超低能耗建筑用节能保温板的制备方法,其特征在于:在S5中,所述隔音材料(4)由超细纤维、熔融纤维在喷洒三防液进行防水防油处理之后,按重量比为70~80:20~30混合加工而成。
5.根据权利要求1所述的一种超低能耗建筑用节能保温板的制备方法,其特征在于:在S5中,所述粘结剂为乳化沥青。
6.根据权利要求1所述的一种超低能耗建筑用节能保温板的制备方法,其特征在于:所述保温板本体(1)由以下重量份的原料组成:白云石粉25份,滑石粉8份,膨胀玻化微珠7份,氧化镁45份,减水剂0.2份,抗裂剂0.2份,保水剂0.3份,玻璃丝布6份。
7.根据权利要求1所述的一种超低能耗建筑用节能保温板的制备方法,其特征在于:所述隔音材料(4)由超细纤维、熔融纤维经过防水防油处理后,混合加工而成。
8.根据权利要求1所述的一种超低能耗建筑用节能保温板的制备方法,其特征在于:所述保温板本体(1)的外部包裹有高阻隔薄膜(3),所述高阻隔薄膜(3)的周边和保温板的周边粘合构成密封边。
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