CN110184813A - 环保型羊毛蛋白纤维混纺纱 - Google Patents
环保型羊毛蛋白纤维混纺纱 Download PDFInfo
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- DWNBOPVKNPVNQG-LURJTMIESA-N (2s)-4-hydroxy-2-(propylamino)butanoic acid Chemical compound CCCN[C@H](C(O)=O)CCO DWNBOPVKNPVNQG-LURJTMIESA-N 0.000 description 2
- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 description 2
- 102000011782 Keratins Human genes 0.000 description 2
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- WHUUTDBJXJRKMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glutamic acid Natural products OC(=O)C(N)CCC(O)=O WHUUTDBJXJRKMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LEVWYRKDKASIDU-IMJSIDKUSA-N L-cystine Chemical compound [O-]C(=O)[C@@H]([NH3+])CSSC[C@H]([NH3+])C([O-])=O LEVWYRKDKASIDU-IMJSIDKUSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241001416149 Ovis ammon Species 0.000 description 1
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- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- WERYXYBDKMZEQL-UHFFFAOYSA-N butane-1,4-diol Chemical compound OCCCCO WERYXYBDKMZEQL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- JRONPIZRZBBOBR-UHFFFAOYSA-N dichlorine tetroxide Inorganic materials ClOCl(=O)(=O)=O JRONPIZRZBBOBR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- D03D15/00—Woven fabrics characterised by the material, structure or properties of the fibres, filaments, yarns, threads or other warp or weft elements used
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- D06M10/00—Physical treatment of fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, e.g. ultrasonic, corona discharge, irradiation, electric currents, or magnetic fields; Physical treatment combined with treatment with chemical compounds or elements
- D06M10/001—Treatment with visible light, infrared or ultraviolet, X-rays
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- D06M13/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with non-macromolecular organic compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment
- D06M13/322—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with non-macromolecular organic compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with compounds containing nitrogen
- D06M13/46—Compounds containing quaternary nitrogen atoms
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种环保型羊毛蛋白纤维混纺纱,是由高强度的经纱涤纶纤维和纬纱改性羊毛蛋白纤维交织而成,改性羊毛蛋白纤维是由紫外照射的羊毛蛋白纤维与季铵盐化合物经自由基聚合得到,从而将抗菌活性成分以键合的方式引入到羊毛蛋白纤维上,大大提高了羊毛纤维的抗菌性能,并改善了羊毛纤维的摩擦性能,提高了羊毛纤维的纺纱性能,增强其织物耐磨性,使得改性羊毛蛋白纤维混纺纱更加耐穿着和耐洗涤,更有利于其服装尺寸稳定性提高,改变了羊毛衣物不耐机洗的缺陷。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于纺织技术领域,具体涉及一种环保型羊毛蛋白纤维混纺纱。
背景技术
羊毛纤维属于角蛋白纤维,它的化学组成和构造极为复杂,大约含有170多种不同的蛋白质分子,由多种α-氨基酸以肽键的形式结合而成,其中以二氨基酸、精氨酸、松氨酸、二羧基酸、谷氨酸、天冬门氨酸、含硫氨基酸和胱氨酸等含量最高,因此,在羊毛角蛋白大分子主链之间可以形成离子键、共价键、二硫键、氢键、疏水键及多肽键等空间横向交联。
正是由于羊毛纤维一种蛋白质天然纤维,具有有抗菌性能且纤维强度较合成纤维低,极容易吸附细菌和霉菌,特别是一些不常洗涤的毛制品以及公共场所使用的毛制品,如地毯、毛毯等较易受细菌和霉菌的侵蚀,并能使纺织材料变质、劣化,使用寿命缩短,不仅对人体健康有潜在危害,现有的羊毛改性和处理的方法常采用大量的酸洗,处理后的废水会造成环境污染。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供环保型羊毛蛋白纤维混纺纱,由高强度的经纱涤纶纤维和纬纱改性羊毛蛋白纤维交织而成,其中改性羊毛蛋白纤维上键合了具有抗菌性季铵盐活性基团,大大提高了羊毛纤维的抗菌性能,并改善了羊毛纤维的摩擦性能,提高了羊毛纤维的纺纱性能,增强其织物耐磨性,使得改性羊毛蛋白纤维混纺纱更加耐穿着和耐洗涤,更有利于其服装尺寸稳定性提高,改变了羊毛衣物不耐机洗的缺陷。
本发明的目的可以通过以下技术方案实现:
环保型羊毛蛋白纤维混纺纱,由经纱和纬纱交织而成,所述经纱为涤纶纤维,所述纬纱为改性羊毛蛋白纤维,改性羊毛蛋白纤维的制备方法为:
第一步:将1mol 1,4-丁烯二醇和催化剂加入到反应瓶中,通入氮气保护,升温至50-55℃,缓慢逐滴加入1.1-1.2mol环氧氯丙烷,在1.5-2h内滴加完毕,接着继续搅拌反应2h,反应结束后,减压蒸馏除去未反应的环氧氯丙烷,即得到化合物A;
第二步、将第一步制备的化合物A和1.05-1.1mol N,N-二甲基十二烷基胺加入到反应瓶中,加入100ml溶剂DMF,加热至110-115℃,加入催化剂,加入完毕后升温,保温反应15-20h,反应结束后,减压蒸馏除去溶剂,再用无水乙醇重结晶,过滤后即得到季铵盐化合物B;
第三步、取5g羊毛蛋白纤维放入丙酮中浸泡2h,浸泡后用去离子水清洗5-8次,除去羊毛蛋白纤维上的杂质,自然晾干,接着将晾干的羊毛蛋白纤维平铺于紫外灯下,羊毛蛋白纤维距离紫外灯10-12cm,每隔2min翻转一次羊毛蛋白纤维,照射30min后,即得到含有自由基的羊毛蛋白纤维;
第四步、取第二步制得的12-15g季铵盐化合物B溶于1L去离子水中,加入0.5-1g引发剂过硫酸铵,搅拌使其溶解完全,即得到抗菌溶液,将第三步紫外照射后的羊毛蛋白纤维浸渍于抗菌溶液中,继续采用紫外灯进行照射,每隔2min翻转一次羊毛蛋白纤维,照射30min后,关闭紫外灯,取出羊毛蛋白纤维,除去水分,采用去离子水洗涤10-15次,自然晾干,即得到改性羊毛蛋白纤维。
进一步,第一步所述的催化剂为四氯化锡,催化剂的加入量为2mmol。
进一步,第二步所述的催化剂为10ml质量分数为10%的碘化钾-DMF溶液。
进一步,第二步所述的升温为升至130-140℃。
进一步,第三步中,羊毛蛋白纤维平铺的厚度为1-2cm。
进一步,第三步中,所述的紫外灯的功率为20W。
进一步,第四步中,所述的引发剂为过硫酸铵,引发剂的加入量为0.5-1g。
本发明的有益效果:
本发明为一种环保型羊毛蛋白纤维混纺纱,由高强度的经纱涤纶纤维和纬纱改性羊毛蛋白纤维交织而成,其中改性羊毛蛋白纤维的制备:首先制备抗菌季铵盐化合物,以1,4-丁烯二醇和环氧氯丙烷为起始物料发生取代反应得到了化合物A,然后在碘化钾的催化下,化合物A和N,N-二甲基十二烷基胺反应即得到了季铵盐化合物B;
然后活化羊毛蛋白纤维:将羊毛蛋白纤维在紫外的照射下,羊毛蛋白纤维上的角蛋白上的-OH、-NH2、-SH、-COOH以及二硫键和肽键的断裂等被引发成自由基,紫外光照射处理方法一种物理处理技术,无需水作介质,也无需化学品、蒸汽,省去了烘干过程和废水处理,其设备投资费用低,可操作性强,具有节能、高效、无污染、耐久性、节省资源和利于环保等优点;
最后在引发剂的作用下,含有自由基的羊毛蛋白纤维和季铵盐化合物B上的双键发生自由基聚合,从而将抗菌活性成分(季铵盐)以键合的方式引入到羊毛蛋白纤维上,使得使羊毛蛋白纤维获得了抗菌性能且具有良好的耐洗性;从而交织得到的混纺纱具有良好的强度和长久的抗菌性能。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本发明实施例的技术方案,下面将对实施例描述所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍,显而易见地,下面描述中的附图仅仅是本发明的一些实施例,对于本领域普通技术人员来讲,在不付出创造性劳动的前提下,还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。
图1为本发明化合物A的反应式;
图2为本发明改性羊毛蛋白纤维的制备流程图。
具体实施方式
下面将结合本发明实施例中的附图,对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述,显然,所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明一部分实施例,而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例,本领域普通技术人员在没有作出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其它实施例,都属于本发明保护的范围。
请参阅图1-2所示,本发明为一种环保型羊毛蛋白纤维混纺纱,由经纱和纬纱交织而成,所述经纱为涤纶纤维,所述纬纱为改性羊毛蛋白纤维,改性羊毛蛋白纤维的制备方法为:
第一步:将1mol 1,4-丁烯二醇和2mmol催化剂四氯化锡加入到反应瓶中,通入氮气保护,升温至50-55℃,缓慢逐滴加入1.1mol环氧氯丙烷,在1.5h内滴加完毕,接着继续搅拌反应2h,反应结束后,减压蒸馏除去未反应的环氧氯丙烷,即得到化合物A;
所得目标产物A的质谱结果为:HRMS m/z(ESI+)calcd for C10H18Cl2O4([M+1]+),273.1506;
第二步、将第一步制备的化合物A和1.05mol N,N-二甲基十二烷基胺加入到反应瓶中,加入100ml溶剂DMF,加热至110℃,开始滴加10ml质量分数为10%的碘化钾-DMF溶液,滴加完毕后升温至130℃保温反应17h,反应结束后,减压蒸馏除去溶剂,再用无水乙醇重结晶,过滤后即得到季铵盐化合物B;
季铵盐化合物B的红外表征如下所示:IR(KBr):=3512(-OH),3021(-CH=CH-),2959、2876(-CH3/-CH2-),1419(-C-N),1009、899(季铵盐)cm-1;
第三步、取5g羊毛蛋白纤维放入丙酮中浸泡2h,浸泡后用去离子水清洗8次,除去羊毛蛋白纤维上的杂质,自然晾干,接着将晾干的羊毛蛋白纤维平铺于紫外灯下,平铺的厚度为1cm,羊毛蛋白纤维距离紫外灯12cm,每隔2min翻转一次羊毛蛋白纤维,照射30min后,即得到含有自由基的羊毛蛋白纤维;所述的紫外灯的功率为20W;
第四步、取第二步制得的15g季铵盐化合物B溶于1L去离子水中,加入0.5-1g引发剂过硫酸铵,搅拌使其溶解完全,即得到抗菌溶液,将第三步紫外照射后的羊毛蛋白纤维浸渍于抗菌溶液中,继续采用紫外灯进行照射,每隔2min翻转一次羊毛蛋白纤维,照射30min后,关闭紫外灯,取出羊毛蛋白纤维,除去水分,采用去离子水洗涤15次,自然晾干,即得到式C所示的改性羊毛蛋白纤维。KBr压片的改性羊毛蛋白纤维的红外谱图上出现了3489cm-1(-OH)和1417(-C-N),说明了紫外照射后的羊毛蛋白纤维与季铵盐化合物B发生了接枝反应,制备得了以化学键牢固结合的抗菌层。
改性羊毛蛋白纤维的性能测试:
(1)抗菌性测试
表一、改性羊毛蛋白纤维洗涤前后的抑菌率
由表一可知,改性后的羊毛蛋白纤维具有良好的抗菌性能且具有良好的耐洗性。
(2)摩擦性能测试
羊毛蛋白纤维表面鳞片的结构和其同一方向排列的方式,导致羊毛沿顺鳞片方向滑动的摩擦系数比沿逆鳞片方向滑动的摩擦系数小,从而产生摩擦效应。顺、逆摩擦系数差越大,羊毛越易毡缩。这些特性使得羊毛织物尺寸稳定性和穿着舒适性严重受损,影响了羊毛织物的美观和性能。定向摩擦效应(DFE)是反映羊毛纤维防毡缩性能的一个重要指标。DFE值越大,羊毛的防毡缩性能越差。
抗菌处理前后羊毛纤维的定向摩擦效应(DFE)通过Y151纤维摩擦系数测试仪表征。根据以下公式计算DFE的值:
式中:DFE-定向摩擦效应;μa-顺鳞片摩擦系数;μi-逆鳞片摩擦系数;
表二、羊毛蛋白纤维的摩擦性能测试结果
由表二可知,改性羊毛蛋白纤维的鳞片度和DFE值均小于原羊毛纤维,说明改性羊毛蛋白纤维的摩擦性能优于原羊毛,是由于在改性羊毛蛋白纤维的制备过程中,在紫外照射下羊毛纤维表面的鳞片被刻蚀甚至部分脱落,减小了纤维之间的表面摩擦,同时羊毛纤维抗菌层的形成,使表面均匀程度提高,从而使得顺逆方向的摩擦系数差减小,降低了DFE值,改善了羊毛纤维的摩擦性能,从而提高了羊毛纤维的纺纱性能,增强其织物耐磨性,使得改性羊毛蛋白纤维混纺纱更加耐穿着和耐洗涤,更有利于其服装尺寸稳定性提高,改变羊毛衣物不耐机洗的缺陷。
以上内容仅仅是对本发明的构思所作的举例和说明,所属本技术领域的技术人员对所描述的具体实施例做各种各样的修改或补充或采用类似的方式替代,只要不偏离发明的构思或者超越本权利要求书所定义的范围,均应属于本发明的保护范围。
Claims (7)
1.环保型羊毛蛋白纤维混纺纱,其特征在于:由经纱和纬纱交织而成,所述经纱为涤纶纤维,所述纬纱为改性羊毛蛋白纤维,改性羊毛蛋白纤维的制备方法为:
第一步:将1mol1,4-丁烯二醇和催化剂加入到反应瓶中,通入氮气保护,升温至50-55℃,缓慢逐滴加入1.1-1.2mol环氧氯丙烷,在1.5-2h内滴加完毕,接着继续搅拌反应2h,反应结束后,减压蒸馏除去未反应的环氧氯丙烷,即得到化合物A;
第二步、将第一步制备的化合物A和1.05-1.1molN,N-二甲基十二烷基胺加入到反应瓶中,加入100ml溶剂DMF,加热至110-115℃,加入催化剂,加入完毕后升温,保温反应15-20h,反应结束后,减压蒸馏除去溶剂,再用无水乙醇重结晶,过滤后即得到季铵盐化合物B;
第三步、取5g羊毛蛋白纤维放入丙酮中浸泡2h,浸泡后用去离子水清洗5-8次,除去羊毛蛋白纤维上的杂质,自然晾干,接着将晾干的羊毛蛋白纤维平铺于紫外灯下,羊毛蛋白纤维距离紫外灯10-12cm,每隔2min翻转一次羊毛蛋白纤维,照射30min后,即得到含有自由基的羊毛蛋白纤维;
第四步、取第二步制得的12-15g季铵盐化合物B溶于1L去离子水中,加入0.5-1g引发剂过硫酸铵,搅拌使其溶解完全,即得到抗菌溶液,将第三步紫外照射后的羊毛蛋白纤维浸渍于抗菌溶液中,继续采用紫外灯进行照射,每隔2min翻转一次羊毛蛋白纤维,照射30min后,关闭紫外灯,取出羊毛蛋白纤维,除去水分,采用去离子水洗涤10-15次,自然晾干,即得到改性羊毛蛋白纤维。
2.根据权利要求1所述的环保型羊毛蛋白纤维混纺纱,其特征在于:第一步所述的催化剂为四氯化锡,催化剂的加入量为2mmol。
3.根据权利要求1所述的环保型羊毛蛋白纤维混纺纱,其特征在于:第二步所述的催化剂为10ml质量分数为10%的碘化钾-DMF溶液。
4.根据权利要求1所述的环保型羊毛蛋白纤维混纺纱,其特征在于:第二步所述的升温为升至130-140℃。
5.根据权利要求1所述的环保型羊毛蛋白纤维混纺纱,其特征在于:第三步中,羊毛蛋白纤维平铺的厚度为1-2cm。
6.根据权利要求1所述的环保型羊毛蛋白纤维混纺纱,其特征在于:第三步中,所述的紫外灯的功率为20W。
7.根据权利要求1所述的环保型羊毛蛋白纤维混纺纱,其特征在于:第四步中,所述的引发剂为过硫酸铵,引发剂的加入量为0.5-1g。
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