CN110161003B - Optical detection device and real-time fluorescence quantitative nucleic acid amplification detection system - Google Patents
Optical detection device and real-time fluorescence quantitative nucleic acid amplification detection system Download PDFInfo
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- CN110161003B CN110161003B CN201910409817.7A CN201910409817A CN110161003B CN 110161003 B CN110161003 B CN 110161003B CN 201910409817 A CN201910409817 A CN 201910409817A CN 110161003 B CN110161003 B CN 110161003B
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12Q—MEASURING OR TESTING PROCESSES INVOLVING ENZYMES, NUCLEIC ACIDS OR MICROORGANISMS; COMPOSITIONS OR TEST PAPERS THEREFOR; PROCESSES OF PREPARING SUCH COMPOSITIONS; CONDITION-RESPONSIVE CONTROL IN MICROBIOLOGICAL OR ENZYMOLOGICAL PROCESSES
- C12Q1/00—Measuring or testing processes involving enzymes, nucleic acids or microorganisms; Compositions therefor; Processes of preparing such compositions
- C12Q1/68—Measuring or testing processes involving enzymes, nucleic acids or microorganisms; Compositions therefor; Processes of preparing such compositions involving nucleic acids
- C12Q1/6844—Nucleic acid amplification reactions
- C12Q1/6851—Quantitative amplification
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
- G01N21/01—Arrangements or apparatus for facilitating the optical investigation
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
- G01N21/62—Systems in which the material investigated is excited whereby it emits light or causes a change in wavelength of the incident light
- G01N21/63—Systems in which the material investigated is excited whereby it emits light or causes a change in wavelength of the incident light optically excited
- G01N21/64—Fluorescence; Phosphorescence
- G01N21/6428—Measuring fluorescence of fluorescent products of reactions or of fluorochrome labelled reactive substances, e.g. measuring quenching effects, using measuring "optrodes"
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N33/00—Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
- G01N33/48—Biological material, e.g. blood, urine; Haemocytometers
- G01N33/50—Chemical analysis of biological material, e.g. blood, urine; Testing involving biospecific ligand binding methods; Immunological testing
- G01N33/53—Immunoassay; Biospecific binding assay; Materials therefor
- G01N33/5308—Immunoassay; Biospecific binding assay; Materials therefor for analytes not provided for elsewhere, e.g. nucleic acids, uric acid, worms, mites
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N33/00—Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
- G01N33/48—Biological material, e.g. blood, urine; Haemocytometers
- G01N33/50—Chemical analysis of biological material, e.g. blood, urine; Testing involving biospecific ligand binding methods; Immunological testing
- G01N33/53—Immunoassay; Biospecific binding assay; Materials therefor
- G01N33/531—Production of immunochemical test materials
- G01N33/532—Production of labelled immunochemicals
- G01N33/533—Production of labelled immunochemicals with fluorescent label
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N35/00—Automatic analysis not limited to methods or materials provided for in any single one of groups G01N1/00 - G01N33/00; Handling materials therefor
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N35/00—Automatic analysis not limited to methods or materials provided for in any single one of groups G01N1/00 - G01N33/00; Handling materials therefor
- G01N35/00584—Control arrangements for automatic analysers
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N35/00—Automatic analysis not limited to methods or materials provided for in any single one of groups G01N1/00 - G01N33/00; Handling materials therefor
- G01N35/02—Automatic analysis not limited to methods or materials provided for in any single one of groups G01N1/00 - G01N33/00; Handling materials therefor using a plurality of sample containers moved by a conveyor system past one or more treatment or analysis stations
- G01N35/025—Automatic analysis not limited to methods or materials provided for in any single one of groups G01N1/00 - G01N33/00; Handling materials therefor using a plurality of sample containers moved by a conveyor system past one or more treatment or analysis stations having a carousel or turntable for reaction cells or cuvettes
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
- G01N21/01—Arrangements or apparatus for facilitating the optical investigation
- G01N2021/0106—General arrangement of respective parts
- G01N2021/0112—Apparatus in one mechanical, optical or electronic block
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
- G01N21/62—Systems in which the material investigated is excited whereby it emits light or causes a change in wavelength of the incident light
- G01N21/63—Systems in which the material investigated is excited whereby it emits light or causes a change in wavelength of the incident light optically excited
- G01N21/64—Fluorescence; Phosphorescence
- G01N21/6428—Measuring fluorescence of fluorescent products of reactions or of fluorochrome labelled reactive substances, e.g. measuring quenching effects, using measuring "optrodes"
- G01N2021/6439—Measuring fluorescence of fluorescent products of reactions or of fluorochrome labelled reactive substances, e.g. measuring quenching effects, using measuring "optrodes" with indicators, stains, dyes, tags, labels, marks
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N35/00—Automatic analysis not limited to methods or materials provided for in any single one of groups G01N1/00 - G01N33/00; Handling materials therefor
- G01N2035/00178—Special arrangements of analysers
- G01N2035/00237—Handling microquantities of analyte, e.g. microvalves, capillary networks
Abstract
The utility model provides an optical detection device and real-time fluorescence quantitative nucleic acid amplification detecting system, optical detection device includes driving piece, a plurality of detection card box and a plurality of optical detection module, the driving piece is used for with single the reaction chamber of detecting the card box removes to wherein on any one optical detection module's the light-emitting detects the mouth, so that optical detection module is right detect the card box and carry out optical detection. According to the optical detection device, the plurality of optical detection modules are arranged, and in application, the plurality of optical detection modules can adopt different wavelengths, so that when the detection card box needs to be detected by adopting the corresponding wavelength, the reaction chamber of the single detection card box is moved to the light-emitting detection port of one of the optical detection modules through the driving part, and the plurality of detection card boxes can be respectively subjected to different wavelength detection according to detection requirements; and further can be applied to detection of a plurality of wavelengths.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of optical detection, in particular to an optical detection device and a real-time fluorescence quantitative nucleic acid amplification detection system.
Background
Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) is a molecular biology technique for amplifying and amplifying specific DNA fragments, and can be regarded as special DNA replication in vitro, and the greatest characteristic of PCR is that a trace amount of DNA can be greatly increased. The main process of PCR is that a small single-stranded DNA fragment synthesized by human, also called primer, is specifically combined with a specific region of template DNA, and then four dNTPs are used as substrates, and DNA polymerase is polymerized to form a DNA fragment along the 3' end of the double-stranded part formed by the primer and the template, so as to realize the process of DNA in vitro amplification. PCR is mainly composed of three basic reaction steps of a denaturation stage (90-96 ℃), an annealing stage (25-65 ℃) and an extension stage (70-75 ℃).
The Real-time Quantitative PCR technology (qPCR) is a method of adding corresponding fluorescent dye or fluorescent labeled probe on the basis of conventional PCR, Detecting the whole PCR process in Real time through fluorescent signal change in the PCR reaction process, monitoring the total amount of products after each PCR cycle by fluorescent chemical substances, and quantitatively analyzing a specific DNA sequence in a sample to be detected. The fluorescent quantitative PCR instrument is a reaction instrument for real-time detection by applying qPCR technology, and the functions of the instrument are generally ensured by a thermal cycle system and a fluorescent real-time detection system. The fluorescence quantitative PCR instrument mainly comprises a heating and refrigerating cycle module, a weak fluorescence detection optical module, a circuit control module, a computer and processing software thereof. Wherein the heating and refrigerating cycle module realizes the temperature cycle of PCR in the forms of air bath, water bath, metal bath and the like; the weak fluorescence detection optical detection module mainly comprises a light source part, a light path, a photoelectric sensor and a control part.
However, in the conventional fluorescence quantitative PCR instrument, a single light source, an optical filter and a turntable are generally used to solve the problem of multi-wavelength fluorescence excitation, and then a plurality of optical fibers or mechanical arms are used to collect fluorescence of multiple samples. The design instrument has the advantages of complex structure, difficult realization, more control objects, large and heavy instrument. The filter has short service life, and is easy to damage multiple optical fibers and disorder.
Disclosure of Invention
Accordingly, it is desirable to provide an optical detection device and a real-time fluorescent quantitative nucleic acid amplification detection system that have a relatively simple configuration and can be applied to detection of a plurality of wavelengths.
An optical detection device comprises a driving piece, a plurality of detection card boxes and a plurality of optical detection modules, wherein the driving piece is used for moving a reaction chamber of a single detection card box to a light-emitting detection port of any one of the optical detection modules, so that the optical detection module can perform optical detection on the detection card boxes.
In one embodiment, the driving member includes a rotating motor and a turntable, a rotating shaft of the rotating motor is connected to the turntable, the plurality of detection cartridges are distributed on a same circumference of the turntable, which is centered on the rotating shaft, the turntable is driven by the rotating shaft of the rotating motor to rotate, so as to move the reaction chamber of a single detection cartridge to the light-emitting detection port of any one of the optical detection modules, and the optical detection module performs optical detection on the detection cartridge.
In one embodiment, the driving member comprises a mechanical arm for moving the reaction chamber of a single detection cartridge to the light-emitting detection port of any one of the optical detection modules, so that the optical detection module can perform optical detection on the detection cartridge.
According to the optical detection device, the plurality of optical detection modules are arranged, and in application, the plurality of optical detection modules can adopt different wavelengths, so that when the detection card box needs to be detected by adopting the corresponding wavelength, the reaction chamber of the single detection card box is moved to the light-emitting detection port of one of the optical detection modules through the driving part, and the plurality of detection card boxes can be respectively subjected to different wavelength detection according to detection requirements; and further can be applied to detection of a plurality of wavelengths. Compared with the existing mode of carrying out multi-wavelength detection by utilizing a single light source, the optical detection device adopts a plurality of optical detection modules, can respectively correspond to different wavelengths, and further has a simple integral structure and is easy to realize.
An optical detection device comprising: the device comprises a supporting component, a driving component, a reaction component and an optical detection component;
the supporting assembly comprises a top plate, a bottom plate and a connecting rod, the top plate is connected with and supported on the bottom plate through the connecting rod, a mounting hole and a plurality of optical through holes are formed in the top plate, and the optical through holes are arranged around the mounting hole;
the driving piece comprises a rotating motor, a connecting shaft and a turntable, the rotating motor is arranged on the bottom plate, a first end of the connecting shaft is connected with a rotating shaft of the rotating motor, a second end of the connecting shaft penetrates through the mounting hole and is connected with the turntable, and the rotating shaft of the rotating motor drives the turntable to rotate through the connecting shaft;
the reaction assembly comprises a plurality of detection card boxes, each detection card box is connected with the turntable, and the detection card boxes are distributed in a central symmetry manner by taking the connecting shaft as a center; the detection card box is provided with a plurality of reaction chambers, and each reaction chamber is positioned on a circumferential line which takes the center of the connecting shaft as the circle center;
the optical detection assembly comprises a plurality of optical detection modules, each optical detection module is arranged on one surface of the top plate close to the bottom plate, and the centers of the plurality of optical through holes are positioned on the same circumference line taking the connecting shaft as the circle center; the center of each optical through hole and the center of each reaction chamber are positioned on the same circumference; and the light-emitting detection port of each optical detection module corresponds to each optical through hole one by one.
In one embodiment, the optical detection module comprises a light source control board, an emission lens, a luminescence filter, a dichroic mirror, an exit lens, a receiving filter, a receiving lens and a receiving circuit board; the light source control board is provided with a light source, and the receiving circuit board is provided with a photoelectric sensor;
the light emitted by the light source sequentially passes through the emission lens and the light-emitting filter and then is emitted to the dichroic mirror, and the light is reflected by the dichroic mirror and then is emitted to the emergent lens; the light passes through the optical through hole and is emitted to the reaction chamber after passing through the emission lens;
and reactants in the reaction chamber are excited by light of the light source to emit fluorescence, the fluorescence sequentially passes through the optical through hole and the emergent lens, then is emitted to the dichroic mirror, is reflected by the dichroic mirror, then is emitted to the receiving filter, passes through the receiving filter, then is emitted to the receiving lens, and the fluorescence is focused on the photoelectric sensor by the receiving lens.
In one embodiment, the support assembly further comprises a mounting plate and a plurality of support rods, the mounting plate is connected with and mounted on the bottom plate through the plurality of support rods, and the rotating motor is fixed on the mounting plate.
In one embodiment, the mounting plate is further provided with a through hole, the rotating motor is fixed on one surface of the mounting plate, which is adjacent to the bottom plate, and a rotating shaft of the rotating motor penetrates through the through hole and is connected with the connecting shaft.
In one embodiment, the detection cartridge is a PCR microfluidic chip.
In one embodiment, the detection cartridge is provided with a plurality of reaction chambers, and a vent hole is formed on one side of the reaction chambers close to the connecting shaft.
In one embodiment, the turntable is provided with a plurality of chip mounting grooves, and the detection card boxes are correspondingly mounted in the chip mounting grooves one by one.
A real-time fluorescence quantitative nucleic acid amplification detection system, comprising the optical detection device as described in any of the above embodiments
According to the optical detection device, due to the fact that the plurality of optical detection modules are adopted, in application, the plurality of optical detection modules can adopt different wavelengths, and therefore when the detection card boxes need to be detected by adopting the corresponding wavelengths, the reaction chamber of the single detection card box is moved to the light-emitting detection port of one of the optical detection modules by controlling the rotating motor, and the plurality of detection card boxes can be respectively subjected to different wavelength detection according to detection requirements; and further can be applied to detection of a plurality of wavelengths. Compared with the existing mode of carrying out multi-wavelength detection by utilizing a single light source, the optical detection device adopts a plurality of optical detection modules, can respectively correspond to different wavelengths, and has a simpler overall structure and is easy to realize.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an optical inspection apparatus according to an embodiment;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a top plate of an optical inspection apparatus according to an embodiment;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of an optical inspection apparatus according to an embodiment;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a detecting cartridge of the optical detecting device according to an embodiment;
fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of an optical detection module of the optical detection apparatus according to an embodiment.
Detailed Description
To facilitate understanding of the present application, the present application will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. In the following description, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the present application, and in order to provide a thorough understanding of the present application, preferred embodiments of the present application are set forth in the accompanying drawings. This application may, however, be embodied in many different forms and should not be construed as limited to the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete. This application is capable of embodiments in many different forms than those described herein and those skilled in the art will be able to make similar modifications without departing from the spirit of the application and it is therefore not intended to be limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below. Furthermore, the terms "first", "second" and "first" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of the feature. In the description of the present application, "plurality" means at least two, e.g., two, three, etc., unless explicitly specified otherwise. In the description of the present application, "a number" means at least one, such as one, two, etc., unless specifically limited otherwise. It will be understood that when an element is referred to as being "secured to" another element, it can be directly on the other element or intervening elements may also be present. When an element is referred to as being "connected" to another element, it can be directly connected to the other element or intervening elements may also be present. The terms "vertical," "horizontal," "left," "right," and the like as used herein are for illustrative purposes only and do not denote a single embodiment. Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application belongs. The terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the application. As used herein, the term "and/or" includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.
In one embodiment, an optical detection apparatus includes a driving member, a plurality of detection cartridges, and a plurality of optical detection modules, wherein the driving member is configured to move a reaction chamber of a single detection cartridge to a light-emitting detection port of any one of the optical detection modules, so that the optical detection module optically detects the detection cartridges. According to the optical detection device, the plurality of optical detection modules are arranged, and in application, the plurality of optical detection modules can adopt different wavelengths, so that when the detection card box needs to be detected by adopting the corresponding wavelength, the reaction chamber of the single detection card box is moved to the light-emitting detection port of one of the optical detection modules through the driving part, and the plurality of detection card boxes can be respectively subjected to different wavelength detection according to detection requirements; and can be applied to detection of a plurality of wavelengths. Compared with the existing mode of carrying out multi-wavelength detection by utilizing a single light source, the optical detection device adopts a plurality of optical detection modules, can respectively correspond to different wavelengths, and further has a simple integral structure and is easy to realize. For example, the driving member includes a rotating motor and a turntable, a rotating shaft of the rotating motor is connected to the turntable, the plurality of detection cartridges are distributed on the same circumference of the turntable, which is centered on the rotating shaft, and the turntable is driven by the rotating shaft of the rotating motor to rotate, so that the reaction chamber of the single detection cartridge is moved to the light emitting detection port of any one of the optical detection modules, and the optical detection module performs optical detection on the detection cartridge. For example, the driving member includes a mechanical arm, and the mechanical arm is used for moving the reaction chamber of a single detection cartridge to the light-emitting detection port of any one of the optical detection modules, so that the optical detection module optically detects the detection cartridge.
In addition, the detection cartridge of the present application may be detected after the qPCR reaction of the detection cartridge is completed in advance, or may be detected after the real-time reaction of the detection cartridge, preferably a microfluidic chip, particularly a PCR microfluidic chip.
It should be noted that the present invention aims to provide a simple and compact multi-wavelength multi-sample PCR real-time fluorescence detection system, or an optical detection device applied to multi-wavelength multi-sample PCR real-time fluorescence detection, which has a compact structure, is easy to manufacture, and has high detection precision. The invention utilizes the distributed optical detection module and the rotatable reaction chamber to realize the real-time detection of multiple wavelengths and multiple samples. The invention mainly integrates the optical detection part into a single module to form the optical detection module, then a plurality of optical detection modules are arranged in a distributed mode according to design expectation, and the sample reaction area, namely the reaction chamber on the detection card box is also arranged in a distributed mode according to expectation. The multi-wavelength measurement can be carried out by using a plurality of optical modules, each sample reaction area can be moved to be aligned with any optical detection module, so that the multi-wavelength measurement of each reaction area can be realized, and the multi-sample multi-wavelength detection system is realized. The sample reaction area is a reaction chamber on the detection cartridge, and is preferably a reaction chamber on a PCR microfluidic chip. The sample control part mainly comprises a sample reaction area, wherein sample reaction chambers in the area can be distributed in a circular shape, a square shape or a sector shape, and can be made of metal or plastic; the motion control mechanism is a driving piece, and the motion control mechanism is mainly in the form of a rotating motor or a mechanical arm. For example, if the reaction chambers are distributed in a circular shape or in a fan shape, the whole reaction chamber can be rotated by the rotating motor to realize multi-wavelength measurement of each chamber; if the distribution is square or other forms, the reaction chambers can be moved randomly on the plane in the form of a mechanical arm, so that the multi-wavelength measurement of each chamber can be realized. The sample control part is a detection cartridge, preferably, the detection cartridge is a microfluidic chip, and more preferably, the detection cartridge is a PCR microfluidic chip. The motion control mechanism is a driving piece. The invention can easily realize multi-wavelength measurement of a certain sample, the system can simply increase the measurable wavelength only by adding one optical detection module, the expansibility and the compatibility are good, and the optical detection module can be freely expanded according to the detection requirement. The movement of the sample area is independent from the optical detection module, so that the increase of the number of samples or the change of the distribution form of the sample area has no influence on the optical measurement, and the measurement of multiple samples can be realized by increasing any number of samples.
The present application continues by way of example with the drive comprising a rotary motor and a turntable.
In one embodiment, an optical inspection apparatus includes: the device comprises a supporting component, a driving component, a reaction component and an optical detection component; the supporting assembly comprises a top plate, a bottom plate and a connecting rod, the top plate is connected with and supported on the bottom plate through the connecting rod, a mounting hole and a plurality of optical through holes are formed in the top plate, and the optical through holes are arranged around the mounting hole; the driving piece comprises a rotating motor, a connecting shaft and a turntable, the rotating motor is arranged on the bottom plate, a first end of the connecting shaft is connected with a rotating shaft of the rotating motor, a second end of the connecting shaft penetrates through the mounting hole and is connected with the turntable, and the rotating shaft of the rotating motor drives the turntable to rotate through the connecting shaft; the reaction assembly comprises a plurality of detection card boxes, each detection card box is connected with the turntable, and the detection card boxes are distributed in a circular shape at intervals by taking the connecting shaft as the center; the detection card box is provided with a plurality of reaction chambers, and the reaction chambers are positioned on the same circumference line which takes the connecting shaft as the center; the optical detection assembly comprises a plurality of optical detection modules, each optical detection module is arranged on one surface of the top plate close to the bottom plate, and a plurality of optical through holes are positioned on the same circumferential line with the connecting shaft as the center; each optical through hole and each reaction chamber are positioned on the same circumference; and the light-emitting detection port of each optical detection module corresponds to each optical through hole one by one. For example, an optical detection device, comprising: the device comprises a supporting component, a driving component, a reaction component and an optical detection component; the supporting assembly comprises a top plate, a bottom plate and a connecting rod, the top plate is connected with and supported on the bottom plate through the connecting rod, a mounting hole and a plurality of optical through holes are formed in the top plate, and the optical through holes are arranged around the mounting hole; the driving piece comprises a rotating motor, a connecting shaft and a turntable, the rotating motor is arranged on the bottom plate, a first end of the connecting shaft is connected with a rotating shaft of the rotating motor, a second end of the connecting shaft penetrates through the mounting hole and is connected with the turntable, and the rotating shaft of the rotating motor drives the turntable to rotate through the connecting shaft; the reaction assembly comprises a plurality of detection card boxes, each detection card box is connected with the turntable, and the detection card boxes are distributed in a centrosymmetric manner by taking the connecting shaft as a center; the detection card box is provided with a plurality of reaction chambers, and each reaction chamber is positioned on a circumferential line which takes the center of the connecting shaft as the circle center; the optical detection assembly comprises a plurality of optical detection modules, each optical detection module is arranged on one surface of the top plate close to the bottom plate, and the centers of the plurality of optical through holes are positioned on the same circumference line taking the connecting shaft as the circle center; the center of each optical through hole and the center of each reaction chamber are positioned on the same circumference; and the light-emitting detection port of each optical detection module corresponds to each optical through hole one by one. For example, the center of the detection cartridge may be understood as the geometric center.
To further illustrate the optical inspection apparatus, referring to fig. 1, another example of the optical inspection apparatus includes a supporting assembly 100, a driving member 200, a reaction assembly 300, and an optical inspection assembly 400; the support assembly 100 generally provides overall support and mounting. The driving member 200 is connected to the supporting member 100, and is used for providing a driving function. The reaction assembly 300 is connected to the driving assembly 200, and the reaction assembly is used for biochemical reaction, for example, PCR reaction. The optical detection assembly 400 is connected to the support assembly 100, and the optical detection assembly 400 is used for providing optical detection for the reactant in the reaction assembly 300.
The supporting assembly 100 includes a top plate 110, a bottom plate 120 and a connecting rod 130, wherein the top plate 110 is connected to and supported on the bottom plate 120 through the connecting rod 130, or one end of the connecting rod is connected to the top plate, the other end of the connecting rod is connected to the bottom plate, and the top plate is located above the bottom plate. For another example, a plurality of connecting rods are provided, and in an embodiment, four connecting rods are provided, and the four connecting rods are respectively located at four corner positions of the bottom plate or the top plate. Referring to fig. 2, the top plate 110 is provided with a mounting hole 111 and a plurality of optical through holes 112, and the plurality of optical through holes 112 are disposed around the mounting hole 111. The mounting hole is intended for mounting a drive shaft through the drive member, in particular in this embodiment a connecting shaft in the drive member. The optical through hole is used for facilitating the optical detection component to optically detect the reactant in the reaction component through the optical through hole.
Referring to fig. 3 to 5, the driving member 200 includes a rotating motor 210, a connecting shaft 220 and a turntable 230, and the rotating motor is disposed on the bottom plate 120. A first end of the connecting shaft 220 is connected to a rotating shaft of the rotating motor 210, a second end of the connecting shaft 220 passes through the mounting hole 111 and is connected to the turntable 230, and the rotating shaft of the rotating motor 210 drives the turntable 230 to rotate through the connecting shaft 220; or, the connecting shaft is used for driving the turntable to rotate under the driving of the rotating shaft of the rotating motor. For better installation of the rotating electrical machine, for example, referring to fig. 3, the supporting assembly 100 further includes a mounting plate 140 and a plurality of supporting rods 150, the mounting plate 140 is connected to and mounted on the bottom plate 120 through the plurality of supporting rods 150, the mounting plate 140 is located between the bottom plate 120 and the top plate 110, and the rotating electrical machine 210 is fixed on the mounting plate 140. For another example, the mounting plate 140 is further provided with a through hole, the rotating motor 210 is fixed on one surface of the mounting plate 140 adjacent to the bottom plate 120, and a rotating shaft of the rotating motor 210 passes through the through hole and is connected to the connecting shaft 220. Thus, the rotating electric machine can be mounted well.
Referring to fig. 1 and 4, the reaction assembly 300 includes a plurality of detecting cartridges 310, each detecting cartridge 310 is connected to the rotating disc 230, and the detecting cartridges 310 are arranged at intervals in a circle around the connecting shaft 220; the detection card box 310 is provided with a plurality of reaction chambers 311, and the reaction chambers 311 are positioned on the same circumference line with the connecting shaft 220 as the center; it should be noted that the detection cartridge is a prior art. For example, the detection cartridge is a microfluidic chip. For example, the microfluidic chip is a PCR microfluidic chip. Please refer to the prior art, and the details of the PCR microfluidic chip are not repeated herein. And each reaction chamber of the microfluidic chip is used for carrying out PCR reaction. In the present application, as described above, the center of the connecting shaft may be a rotation axis of the connecting shaft. For example, the micro-fluidic chip 310 is provided with a vent 312 on one side of the reaction chambers close to the connecting shaft, so that the micro-fluidic chip is convenient for controlling the temperature of the PCR reaction by the vent. In order to better mount and connect the microfluidic chips to the turntable, for example, the turntable is provided with a plurality of chip mounting grooves, and each microfluidic chip is mounted in each chip mounting groove in a one-to-one correspondence manner. For example, the microfluidic chip has a fan-shaped structure. For example, the microfluidic chip is further provided with a blocking groove, the side wall of the mounting groove of the turntable is convexly provided with a stop block, and the stop block corresponds to the blocking groove so as to limit the microfluidic chip in the mounting groove.
Referring to fig. 3, the optical inspection assembly 400 includes a plurality of optical inspection modules 410, each of the optical inspection modules 410 is disposed on a surface of the top plate 110 close to the bottom plate 120, and a plurality of the optical through holes 112 are located on a same circumferential line with the connecting shaft 220 as a center; each optical through hole 112 and each reaction chamber 311 are located on the same circumference; the light-emitting detection ports of the optical detection modules 410 correspond to the optical through holes 112 one by one, or the light-emitting detection ports of the optical detection modules are aligned with the corresponding optical through holes, so that the light-emitting detection ports of the optical detection modules can perform optical detection on the reaction chamber of the detection cartridge through the optical through holes.
In the optical detection device, as the plurality of optical detection modules 410 are adopted, in application, the plurality of optical detection modules can adopt different wavelengths, so that when the detection card boxes need to be detected by adopting corresponding wavelengths, the reaction chamber of a single detection card box is moved to the light-emitting detection port of one of the optical detection modules by controlling the rotating motor, and the plurality of detection card boxes can be respectively detected by different wavelengths according to the detection requirements; and can be applied to detection of a plurality of wavelengths. Compared with the existing mode of carrying out multi-wavelength detection by utilizing a single light source, the optical detection device adopts a plurality of optical detection modules, can respectively correspond to different wavelengths, and further has a simple integral structure and is easy to realize.
In one embodiment, the optical detection module 410 includes a light source control board 411, an emission lens 412, a light emission filter 413, a dichroic mirror 414, an exit lens 415, a receiving filter 416, a receiving lens 417 and a receiving circuit board 418; a light source is arranged on the light source control board 411, and a photoelectric sensor is arranged on the receiving circuit board 419; the light emitted from the light source sequentially passes through the emission lens 412 and the emission filter 413, then is emitted to the dichroic mirror 414, and is reflected by the dichroic mirror 414 and then is emitted to the exit lens 415; the light passes through the optical through hole 112 to be emitted to the reaction chamber 311 after passing through the exit lens 415;
the reactant in the reaction chamber 311 is excited by the light from the light source to emit fluorescence, and the fluorescence sequentially passes through the optical through hole 112 and the exit lens 415, then travels to the dichroic mirror 414, reflects off the dichroic mirror 414, travels to the receiving filter 416, passes through the receiving filter 417, travels to the receiving lens 417, and is focused on the photosensor by the receiving lens 417. The photoelectric sensor optically analyzes the received fluorescence and converts the fluorescence into a photoelectric signal, and then the photoelectric signal is analyzed to obtain a corresponding data analysis result. In this way, quantitative fluorescence analysis can be performed well.
The light-emitting detection port of the optical detection module is an outlet on the side of the exit lens 415. For another example, the optical detection module 410 includes a sleeve 410a, a light source control board 411, an emission lens 412, a light-emitting filter 413, a dichroic mirror 414, an exit lens 415, a receiving filter 416, a receiving lens 417, and a receiving circuit board 418; the light source control board 411, the emission lens 412, the emission filter 413, the dichroic mirror 414, the emission lens 415, the reception filter 416, the reception lens 417, and the reception circuit board 418 are all disposed in the sleeve 410; the sleeve is integrally in a T-shaped structure or a structure similar to the T-shaped structure, the sleeve has a first end, a second end and a third end, the first end and the second end of the sleeve are parallel, the third end of the sleeve is perpendicular to the first end and the second end, the dichroic mirror is located at a connection position of the first end, the second end and the third end of the sleeve, the light source control plate 411, the emission lens 412 and the light emitting filter 413 are located at the third end of the sleeve, the emission lens 415 is located at the first end of the sleeve, and the reception filter 416, the reception lens 417 and the reception circuit board 418 are located at the second end of the sleeve. Thus, optical detection can be performed well. It should be noted that the first end of the sleeve may also be understood as an outgoing optical path sleeve, the second end of the sleeve may also be understood as a receiving optical path sleeve, and the third end of the sleeve may also be understood as an outgoing optical path sleeve. The emission light path sleeve has the main functions of installing and fixing the LED light source, the emission lens and the emission optical filter, and the light source control board is also used for being externally connected with a control circuit. The light path exit sleeve is mainly an exit lens to ensure that the light energy of the light source is focused to the reaction chamber. The receiving light path sleeve mainly comprises a lens and a filter, and ensures that the fluorescence passing through the optical through hole can reach a receiving circuit; the receiving circuit board is also used for being connected with an external signal processing interface. The light source control panel controls the brightness of the light source; the emission lens is used for converting light of the light source into parallel light through the lens, the parallel light is transmitted to the exit lens through the dichroic mirror, and the parallel light is focused on the reaction chamber through the exit lens; the reactant in the reaction chamber is excited to emit fluorescence by the light of the light source, the fluorescence is emitted to the dichroic mirror through the emitting lens, and the fluorescence passes through the dichroic mirror, passes through the receiving optical filter and is emitted to the receiving lens; the fluorescence is focused to a photoelectric sensor on a receiving circuit board through a lens to convert photoelectric signals.
In the optical detection device, because the plurality of optical detection modules 410 are adopted, in application, the plurality of optical detection modules can adopt different wavelengths, and thus, when the detection card boxes need to be detected by adopting corresponding wavelengths, the reaction chamber of a single detection card box is moved to the light-emitting detection port of one of the optical detection modules by controlling the rotating motor, and the plurality of detection card boxes can be respectively subjected to different wavelength detection according to detection requirements; and can be applied to detection of a plurality of wavelengths. Compared with the existing mode of carrying out multi-wavelength detection by utilizing a single light source, the optical detection device adopts a plurality of optical detection modules, can respectively correspond to different wavelengths, and has a simpler overall structure and is easy to realize.
It should be noted that the present invention aims to provide a simple and compact multi-wavelength multi-sample PCR real-time fluorescence detection system, or an optical detection device applied to multi-wavelength multi-sample PCR real-time fluorescence detection, which has a compact structure, is easy to manufacture, and has high detection precision. The invention utilizes the distributed optical detection module and the rotatable reaction chamber to realize the real-time detection of multiple wavelengths and multiple samples. The invention mainly integrates an optical detection part into a single module to form the optical detection module, then a plurality of optical detection modules are arranged in a distributed mode according to design expectation, and a sample reaction area, namely a reaction chamber on a microfluidic chip is also arranged in a distributed mode according to expectation. The multi-wavelength measurement can be carried out by using a plurality of optical modules, and each sample reaction area can be moved to be aligned with any optical detection module, so that the multi-wavelength measurement of each reaction area can be realized, and the multi-sample multi-wavelength detection system can be realized. The sample reaction area is a reaction chamber on the microfluidic chip.
The sample control part mainly comprises a sample reaction area, wherein sample reaction chambers in the area can be distributed in a circular shape, a square shape or a fan shape, and can be made of metal or plastic; the motion control mechanism is a driving piece, and the motion control mechanism is mainly in the form of a motor or a mechanical arm. For example, if the reaction chambers are distributed in a circular shape or in a sector shape, the whole reaction chamber can be rotated by the motor to realize multi-wavelength measurement of each chamber; if the distribution is square or other distribution, the reaction chamber can be moved arbitrarily on the plane in the form of a mechanical arm, so as to realize multi-wavelength measurement of each chamber. The sample control part is the micro-fluidic chip. The motion control mechanism is a driving piece.
The invention can easily realize multi-wavelength measurement of a certain sample, the system can simply increase the measurable wavelength only by adding one optical detection module, the expansibility and the compatibility are good, and the optical detection module can be freely expanded according to the detection requirement.
The movement of the sample area is independent from the optical detection module, so that the increase of the number of samples or the change of the distribution form of the sample area has no influence on the optical measurement, and the arbitrary number of samples can be increased to realize the measurement of multiple samples.
In a specific embodiment, when the driving part adopts a rotating motor, the rotating motor mainly functions to rotate and drive the plurality of microfluidic chips to rotate together; the optical detection module is fixed under the reaction chamber in the microfluidic chip through the top plate, and optical detection is realized through the hollow optical through hole in the top plate. When the reaction chambers rotate along with the motor, each reaction chamber in the microfluidic chip can sequentially pass through each optical module below the microfluidic chip; ensuring that each sample can pass through the optical channel.
In one embodiment, the reaction assembly comprises 8 sample reaction modules, each reaction module is provided with a plurality of reaction chambers, and each reaction module is provided with a vent hole for facilitating PCR reaction. The sample reaction module is the microfluidic chip.
The qPCR system capable of realizing multi-wavelength multi-sample measurement is formed. A distributed optical measuring system is a system which is formed by arranging a plurality of optical modules with complete and independent functions according to sample distribution and can work independently and jointly. A distribution of sample reaction chambers and a control system thereof ensure that each reaction chamber can move to the vicinity of each optical module by a moving mechanism to perform optical measurement. A PCR reaction system combines the optical measurement system, the sample reaction chamber and the control system thereof, and realizes the system realization process of multiple samples and multiple wavelengths in the PCR reaction process.
The invention also provides a real-time fluorescent quantitative nucleic acid amplification detection system which comprises the optical detection device in any embodiment.
The real-time fluorescence quantitative nucleic acid amplification detection system adopts the optical detection device, and a plurality of optical detection modules are arranged, so that in application, the plurality of optical detection modules can adopt different wavelengths, and when the detection card box needs to be detected by adopting the corresponding wavelength, the reaction chamber of the detection card box is moved to the light-emitting detection port of one of the optical detection modules through the driving part, and the detection of different wavelengths can be respectively carried out on the plurality of detection card boxes according to the detection requirement; and further can be applied to detection of a plurality of wavelengths. Compared with the existing mode of carrying out multi-wavelength detection by utilizing a single light source, the optical detection device adopts a plurality of optical detection modules, can respectively correspond to different wavelengths, and further has a simple integral structure and is easy to realize.
To further illustrate the microfluidic chip described above; the application also provides a microfluidic chip. For example, a microfluidic chip having a rotation center includes a chip substrate, and a sample application hole, a sample application cavity, a gas outlet, a sample enrichment cavity, a waste liquid cavity, a dilution lysis cavity, a siphon pipeline, a sample application cavity circulation pipeline, a lysis cavity circulation pipeline, a gas circulation pipeline, a sample output pipeline, a reagent distribution pipeline, a gas outlet pipeline, and a plurality of reaction chambers disposed in the chip substrate; the waste liquid cavity comprises a first waste liquid cavity and a second waste liquid cavity; the sample adding hole is respectively communicated with the outside and the sample adding cavity, and the sample adding cavity is communicated with the sample enrichment cavity through a sample adding cavity circulating pipeline; the sample enrichment cavity is communicated with the first waste liquid cavity through a cracking cavity circulating pipeline, and the sample enrichment cavity is also communicated with the dilution cracking cavity at the bottom position far away from the rotation center through a sample output pipeline; the diluting and cracking cavity is sequentially communicated with each reaction cavity and the second waste liquid cavity through a siphon pipeline and a reagent distribution pipeline; the first waste liquid cavity is communicated with the second waste liquid cavity through a gas circulation pipeline; the gas outlet communicates with the outside, and the gas outlet is communicated with a waste liquid cavity through a gas outlet pipeline, and the position of the waste liquid cavity communicated with the gas outlet is far away from the rotating center compared with the gas outlet. The microfluidic chip is suitable for centrifugal microfluidic analysis, enrichment, cracking, dilution after cracking, equal distribution and PCR amplification of multiple chambers can be sequentially realized, a nucleic acid purification-free molecular diagnosis function can be realized, on one hand, the gas outlet is communicated with one waste liquid chamber and is communicated with the other waste liquid chamber through the waste liquid chamber, the position of the gas outlet can be adjusted according to requirements, on the other hand, the relative relation between capillary force and centrifugal force is ingeniously utilized through designing a siphon pipeline, a regulating valve is formed to control liquid to flow into a reagent distribution pipeline, the PCR amplification technology is applied to the centrifugal microfluidic technology to realize molecular diagnosis based on PCR amplification, the whole reaction process is in the closed microfluidic chip, and the molecular diagnosis effect of rapid detection at any time and any place is realized. The reaction chamber in this example was used for PCR amplification. It should be noted that, the microfluidic chip of the present application is not limited thereto, and there may be a PCR microfluidic chip capable of performing detection in the prior art.
All possible combinations of the technical features of the above embodiments may not be described for the sake of brevity, but should be considered as within the scope of the present disclosure as long as there is no contradiction between the combinations of the technical features. It should be noted that "in an embodiment," "for example," "as well as" and the like in the present application are intended to illustrate the present application, and are not intended to limit the present application. The above-mentioned embodiments only express several embodiments of the present application, and the description thereof is more specific and detailed, but not construed as limiting the claims. It should be noted that, for a person skilled in the art, several variations and modifications can be made without departing from the concept of the present application, which falls within the scope of protection of the present application. Therefore, the protection scope of the present patent shall be subject to the appended claims.
Claims (3)
1. An optical inspection apparatus, comprising:
the supporting assembly comprises a top plate, a bottom plate and a connecting rod, the top plate is connected with and supported on the bottom plate through the connecting rod, a mounting hole and a plurality of optical through holes are formed in the top plate, and the optical through holes are arranged around the mounting hole;
the driving part comprises a rotating motor, a connecting shaft and a turntable, the rotating motor is arranged on the bottom plate, a first end of the connecting shaft is connected with a rotating shaft of the rotating motor, a second end of the connecting shaft penetrates through the mounting hole and is connected with the turntable, and the rotating shaft of the rotating motor drives the turntable to rotate through the connecting shaft; the driving piece further comprises a mechanical arm, and the mechanical arm is used for moving the reaction chamber of the single detection card box to the light-emitting detection port of any one of the optical detection modules at will on the plane so that the optical detection module can perform optical detection on the detection card box;
the reaction assembly comprises a plurality of detection card boxes, each detection card box is connected with the turntable, and the detection card boxes are centrally and symmetrically distributed around the center of the connecting shaft; the detection card box is provided with a plurality of reaction chambers, and the center of each reaction chamber is positioned on a circumferential line which takes the center of the connecting shaft as the center of a circle; the detection card box is provided with a plurality of reaction chambers along one side close to the connecting shaft, and is a PCR microfluidic chip, and the reaction chambers of the detection card box are reaction chambers on the PCR microfluidic chip; the microfluidic chip is provided with a rotation center and comprises a chip substrate, and a sample adding hole, a sample adding cavity, a gas outlet, a sample enrichment cavity, a waste liquid cavity, a dilution cracking cavity, a siphon pipeline, a sample adding cavity circulating pipeline, a cracking cavity circulating pipeline, a gas circulating pipeline, a sample output pipeline, a reagent distribution pipeline, a gas outlet pipeline and a plurality of reaction chambers which are arranged in the chip substrate; the waste liquid cavity comprises a first waste liquid cavity and a second waste liquid cavity; the sample adding hole is respectively communicated with the outside and the sample adding cavity, and the sample adding cavity is communicated with the sample enrichment cavity through a sample adding cavity circulating pipeline; the sample enrichment cavity is communicated with the first waste liquid cavity through a cracking cavity circulation pipeline, and the bottom position of the sample enrichment cavity, which is far away from the rotation center, is communicated with the dilution cracking cavity through a sample output pipeline; the diluting and cracking cavity is sequentially communicated with each reaction cavity and the second waste liquid cavity through a siphon pipeline and a reagent distribution pipeline; the first waste liquid cavity is communicated with the second waste liquid cavity through a gas circulation pipeline; the gas outlet is communicated with the outside, the gas outlet is also communicated with a waste liquid cavity through a gas outlet pipeline, and the position of the waste liquid cavity communicated with the gas outlet is far away from the rotation center than the gas outlet;
the optical detection assembly comprises a plurality of optical detection modules, each optical detection module is arranged on one surface of the top plate close to the bottom plate, and the centers of the plurality of optical through holes are positioned on the same circumference line which takes the center of the connecting shaft as the circle center; the center of each optical through hole and the center of each reaction chamber are positioned on the same circumference; the light emitting detection ports of the optical detection modules correspond to the optical through holes one by one;
the support assembly further comprises an installation plate and a plurality of support rods, the installation plate is connected with and installed on the bottom plate through the support rods, and the rotating motor is fixed on the installation plate;
the mounting plate is also provided with a through hole, the rotating motor is fixed on one surface of the mounting plate, which is adjacent to the bottom plate, and a rotating shaft of the rotating motor penetrates through the through hole and is connected with the connecting shaft;
a plurality of chip mounting grooves are formed in the rotary disc, and the detection card boxes are mounted in the chip mounting grooves in a one-to-one correspondence mode.
2. The optical detection device according to claim 1, wherein the optical detection module comprises a light source control board, an emission lens, a luminescence filter, a dichroic mirror, an exit lens, a reception filter, a reception lens, and a reception circuit board; the light source control board is provided with a light source, and the receiving circuit board is provided with a photoelectric sensor;
the light emitted by the light source sequentially passes through the emission lens and the light-emitting filter and then is emitted to the dichroic mirror, reflected by the dichroic mirror and then is emitted to the exit lens, passes through the corresponding optical through hole after passing through the exit lens and then is emitted to the reaction chamber;
the reactant in the reaction chamber is excited by the light of the light source to emit fluorescence, the fluorescence sequentially passes through the optical through hole and the emergent lens, then is emitted to the dichroic mirror, is reflected by the dichroic mirror, then is emitted to the receiving optical filter, passes through the receiving optical filter, then is emitted to the receiving lens, and the fluorescence is focused on the photoelectric sensor by the receiving lens.
3. A real-time fluorescent quantitative nucleic acid amplification detection system comprising the optical detection device as set forth in any one of claims 1 to 2.
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