CN110150304A - The plant growth regulator of chloride containing ferroheme - Google Patents
The plant growth regulator of chloride containing ferroheme Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN110150304A CN110150304A CN201910386881.8A CN201910386881A CN110150304A CN 110150304 A CN110150304 A CN 110150304A CN 201910386881 A CN201910386881 A CN 201910386881A CN 110150304 A CN110150304 A CN 110150304A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- plant growth
- plant
- hemin
- ferroheme
- growth regulator
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N37/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most two bonds to halogen, e.g. carboxylic acids
- A01N37/42—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most two bonds to halogen, e.g. carboxylic acids containing within the same carbon skeleton a carboxylic group or a thio analogue, or a derivative thereof, and a carbon atom having only two bonds to hetero atoms with at the most one bond to halogen, e.g. keto-carboxylic acids
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N43/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds
- A01N43/90—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having two or more relevant hetero rings, condensed among themselves or with a common carbocyclic ring system
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Agronomy & Crop Science (AREA)
- Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
- Plant Pathology (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Dentistry (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Agricultural Chemicals And Associated Chemicals (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention provides the plant growth regulator of chloride containing ferroheme, belongs to field of biotechnology, including plant growth regualting composition, and be coated on composition surface with water-soluble fruit glaze agent, above-mentioned fruit glaze agent forms a film after being modified using amylose as raw material；Above-mentioned plant growth regualting composition effective component includes hemin and adjusts naphthenic acid, and hemin is ferroheme and sodium carboxymethylcellulose complex compound, and adjusting in naphthenic acid includes its agriculturally acceptable salt.Plant growth regulator effective component slow release provided by the invention is good, is unlikely to deteriorate, can be mixed to reduce workload from different acid and alkali substances, can enhance plant and protect green effect and pest-resistant weeding, lodging tolerance；Plant growth regualting composition effective component stable structure and loose, it is degradable, plant endogenous CO content can be improved, supplement organic carbohydrate, promote plant chlorophyll and crude protein content to rise, be conducive to plant growth and development and morphogenesis, improve Genes For Plant Tolerance/resistance of reverse.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to field of biotechnology, and in particular to the plant growth regulator of chloride containing ferroheme.
Background technique
With the fast development of science and technology, it is raw to be widely used in modern agriculture by countries in the world for plant growth regulation
In production, and an important means for having become and improving agricultural production amount, improve quality of agricultural product, plant growth regulator can be used for regulating and controlling
The synthesis of plant intracorporal nucleic acid, protein and enzyme, can such as germinate, take root to the different phase in plant growth and development process,
Cell elongation, Organ Differentiation, bud differentiation, bloom, regulation and control is played the role of in result, fallen leaves, suspend mode etc..The energy that they have
Protein, the sugared equal size of plant are improved, what is had can change its form, and what is had enhances plant cold resistance, drought resisting, salt resistance alkali and anti-
The ability of pest and disease damage.
The growth and development dynamics of plant are also often subject to various poor environments usually by the regulation of plant endogenous hormones
The restriction of condition (including stress factors such as many abiotic/biotics), often leads to the decline of growth rate and yield,
In with human lives it is most close be economical character decline, and plant respectively organize and the metabolic function at position lower and cause
Oxidation resistance decline be one of main inducement therein.It has been confirmed that anti-/ resistance to inverse by improvement agricultural environment, breeding
Property the strong crop varieties and exploitation genetically modified crops purpose that can achieve volume increase really and increase income, but its often cost compared with
Height, and Development life is also longer, or even be also possible to bring other seondary effects, for example, genetically modified crops risk assessment and
Potential safety issue.
As plant growth regulating/signaling molecule, CO gas can synthesize in plant, in addition, in plant seed germination
The phenomenon that generating along with CO (general≤1000ppm) is also tended in the process with growth of seedling, wherein the maximum concentration generated is then
The hair for for 6000ppm, showing that CO is also the natural by-product of plant metabolism, while also regulation of plant growth and development being acted on for CO
Now and utilization provides corresponding basis of reality and thinking.In addition, Hemin (hemin, C34H32ClFeN4O4, molecular weight
For the artificial donor that 651.94) and can commonly discharge CO gas.
China is one of most widely used country of plant growth regulator in the world.Plant growth regulator is adjusting agriculture
The growth and development of crop in terms of improving yield and improvement quality, is made that significant contribution for China's agricultural production and development.With biography
System agricultural technology is compared, and the application of plant growth regulator has many advantages, such as at low cost, fast, high efficiency of producing effects, saving labour,
Have become the realization of 21 century agricultural to overfulfil a production target and one of the major measure for improving commodity.China's plant growth regulator in recent years
Increase of production is surprising, and average annual growth amount reaches a few kiloton.However, plant growth regulator is as other artificial synthesized pesticides,
Also there is certain toxicity, blindness Use out of range plant growth regulator may cause the acute and chronic poisoning of people and animals, lead to disease
The generation of disease, especially in recent years, due to food-safety problem caused by the abuse of plant growth regulator and improper use
Gradually increase, attracts attention, therefore, development of the multi-functional plant growth regulator of development of new to China's agricultural
With active influence.
Summary of the invention
That the purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of effective component slow releases is good, be unlikely to deteriorate, can be from different acid and alkali substances
The mixed plant growth regulator to reduce the chloride containing ferroheme of workload effective component stable structure and is dredged in the regulator
Pine is easily degraded in plant, and the content of plant endogenous CO can be improved, and supplements organic carbohydrate, before promoting plant chlorophyll
Sew substance, chlorophyll and crude protein content rise, be conducive to plant growth and development and morphogenesis, and improve Genes For Plant Tolerance/resistance to
Inverse property.
The technical solution that the present invention is taken to achieve the above object are as follows:
A kind of plant growth regualting composition, in which: effective component includes hemin and tune naphthenic acid；Hemin
For the complex compound of ferroheme and sodium carboxymethylcellulose；Adjusting in naphthenic acid includes its agriculturally acceptable salt.Preferably, naphthenic acid is adjusted
Selected from tune naphthenic acid or Prohexadione calcium.The plant growth regualting composition can be adapted for plant sowing, sprout, take root, grow,
The various developments such as transplanting, tissue cultures and production phase can promote vegetable seeds breaking dormancy, improve germination rate, induction and rush
Into well developed root system and root Mao Shengchang, the decline of crude protein content caused by delaying plant to increase with growth year, enhancing plant protects green
Effect and pest-resistant weeding, lodging tolerance, moreover it is possible to improve salt tolerance of the plant under salt stress environment, enhance plant normal
And under improper environment, growth adaptation ability especially under high salt concentration soil environment, so as to improve crop plants yield and
The economical characters such as quality.
Preferably, the effective quantity of effective component is defined as: the weight ratio of hemin and tune naphthenic acid is 3~25:2.
After hemin and tune naphthenic acid synergistic effect, the active effect compared to single component is significantly increased, and is especially enhanced
It adjusts naphthenic acid, adjust the ability for controlling Parasitic Weeds and parasitic pest of naphthenic acid salt and its derivative, while also utilizing hemin
The content of plant endogenous CO is improved, to promote plant growth and development and morphogenesis, and improves Genes For Plant Tolerance/resistance of reverse.
Preferably, effective component further includes the trace elements of selenium of 20~100mg/g；Trace elements of selenium be sodium selenite or
Se-enriched yeast powder.Trace elements of selenium can delay plant to increase caused crude protein content decline with growth year and/or mention
There is positive effect in terms of Se content in high plant, enhances the nutritive value of plant product.
Preferably, the preparation of hemin includes that the molten broken, ferroheme of red blood cell is detached from and extracts hemin；Chlorine
Change ferroheme standby raw material is fresh pig blood.China's pig blood utilization rate is no more than 10%, except the utilization in the form of blood meal on a small quantity
Outside, the overwhelming majority is discharged in the form of sewage.It not needing to elute using hemin product made from pig blood, property is stablized,
It can deposit long, and products obtained therefrom can be directly prepared into liquor or compressed tablet, not influence its biological effect, separate simultaneously
Hemoglobin organic solvent pollution, it is recycling, increase raw material availability and development approach.
Preferably, red blood cell it is molten it is broken with anti-coagulants be sodium citrate solution, sodium citrate solution volumetric concentration is 3~
4%, the volume ratio of sodium citrate solution and blood is 1:8~10, and anticoagulation is centrifuged 10 under the revolving speed of 3000~4000r/min
After~20min, erythroprecipitin is collected, then with after brine 1~2 time, addition antioxidant is spare, and antioxidant is
Sodium hydrogensulfite, additive amount are the 0.1~0.2% of erythroprecipitin weight.Due to containing a large amount of coagulation factors in new blood
And factor, in the presence of calcium ion, coagulation factor and factor are activated and have an effect, and so that blood clotting is clumped together, blood
Liquid becomes gel by fluid, influences the release of hemoglobin in haemocyte, it is therefore necessary to anticoagulation is carried out to raw material blood, and
In normal blood, a small amount of ferrihemoglobin is contained only, but in the presence of an oxidizer, hemoglobin is containing heme just by oxygen
It is melted into ferrihemoglobin, so that hemoglobin is lost its normal function, therefore to add certain antioxidant in blood.
Preferably, ferroheme disengaging is acid resolution reagent with resolving agent, pH is 2.5~3.5, and the processing time is 0.5
~1.5h；The sodium carboxymethylcellulose for being 1~1.5% containing volumetric concentration in resolving agent.It is highly preferred that acid resolution reagent is
It is the citric acid of 5~15% sodium chloride containing volumetric concentration.Under acidic environment, it is imbedded in protein molecule internal group and ties
Structure variation makes in molecule original uncharged to be imbedded on intramolecular histidine residues band negative electrical charge and expose
Come, causes the combination of ferroheme and globin the most loose, at this time easily separated ferroheme and globin.
Preferably, extracting sodium carboxymethylcellulose, ethyl levulinate and 6- amino used in hemin step
The additive amount of caproic acid is respectively 0.5~1g/mL, 0.05~0.1mg/mL and 0.03~0.08mg/mL, and adsorption time is 2~3h,
PH is 5.0~6.5, and mixing ultrasonic power is 500~800W.Ultrasonic wave can produce cavitation bubble, when cavitation bubble rises to
After a certain size, a large amount of energy will be released, generates instantaneous high-temperature, is formed so-called " hot spot ", as extraction time prolongs
Long, the hemin number in " hot spot " is also increasing, and hemin mesoporphyrin and lipid bilayer is caused to be admixed
Amount becomes smaller, to improve hemin yield, while ultrasonic wave also promotes ethyl levulinate and 6-aminocaprolc acid and porphyrin
It combines, the complex structure for causing sodium carboxymethylcellulose and hemin to be formed is stable and more loose, and structure is dredged
The complex compound of pine is more advantageous to degrades in plant, and hemin can be used for improving the content of plant endogenous CO, carboxylic
Sodium carboxymethylcellulose pyce can be biodegradable into polysaccharide and glucose, and ethyl levulinate and 6-aminocaprolc acid can be used for promoting prefix substance 5-
A large amount of synthesis of amino-laevulic acid, and then promote the formation of plant chlorophyll, be conducive to plant growth and development and morphogenesis,
And improve Genes For Plant Tolerance/resistance of reverse.
A kind of plant growth regulator of chloride containing ferroheme is also disclosed in the present invention, which includes upper
The plant growth regualting composition stated, and composition surface is coated on water-soluble fruit glaze agent；Above-mentioned fruit glaze agent is with amylose
It forms a film after being modified for raw material.Water-soluble modified starch be coated in the composition that composition surface can make effective component by
It protects and is unlikely to deteriorate, can also be mixed from different acid and alkali substances, to reduce peasant work amount, fruit glaze agent also can be effectively controlled
The rate of release of ingredient is imitated, sustained release performance is good, so that regulator is more longlasting using drug effect.
Preferably, weight accounting of the plant growth regualting composition in plant growth regulator is 50~80%.
Preferably, fruit glaze agent is prepared by the following method: it is 20~25% that weight accounting is added into starch raw material
After glycerol mixes, the water soluble chitosan solution that weight accounting is 2~5%, concentration is 0.5~2% is added, Yu Wendu 80~
95 DEG C, carry out 20~30min of gelatinization up to liquid fruit glaze agent under 100~200r/min of mixing speed.Water-soluble modified starch is
One kind is between starch and starch sugar, low degree hydrolysate made of being controlled, and the product aquation power is stronger, at normal temperature
It can dissolve, hygroscopicity is small, not easy to knot groups, good film-forming property, and tensile strength after modified starch film and elongation at break are big
It is big to increase, there is oil resistance, antipollution performance.
Preferably, the application method of the plant growth regulator of chloride containing ferroheme, including,
A prepares the solution for containing above-mentioned regulator, and the weight accounting of regulator is 10~60% in solution；
B, plant, plant tissue or seed are irrigated with the above-mentioned solution containing regulator, impregnate or sprinkling processing.
Plant is handled with active constituent, it, can also be by being absorbed by plants from blade face, soil or be dissolved in the medium such as water
It is absorbed before potting and cuttage plant, there is remarkable effect to the growth of plant.
A kind of preparation method of the plant growth regulator of chloride containing ferroheme is also disclosed in the present invention, including,
A prepares plant growth regualting composition；
B prepares liquid fruit glaze agent；
C, after liquid fruit glaze agent vacuum outgas, film is on the composition, and heated-air drying is to get overlay film combination
Object；
D adds any two or three in solvent, auxiliary agent and carrier into overlay film composition, and it is wettable that dosage form, which is made,
Property pulvis, emulsion, granule or aqua plant growth regulator.
Preferably, the vacuum degree of vacuum outgas is 0.05~0.1MPa, the time is 10~15min；Heated-air drying heat
Air temperature is 60~70 DEG C, and the time is 5~10min.
Preferably, solvent is one or more of water, propylene glycol and N-Methyl pyrrolidone；Auxiliary agent be ammonium sulfate,
One or more of alkyl polyglycoside, organic silicon polyether class, fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether and sodium lignin sulfonate；Carrier is nothing
One or more of water magnesium sulfate, ammonium sulfate and cornstarch.
The invention has the benefit that
1) hemin product is made using pig blood in the present invention, property is stablized, can be deposited long, products obtained therefrom does not need
Elution, can be directly prepared into liquor or compressed tablet, not influence its biological effect, while the hemoglobin separated is without organic
Solvent contamination, it is recycling, increase raw material availability and development approach；
2) in the present invention hemin obtained be ferroheme and sodium carboxymethylcellulose complex compound, which receives
Rate is high, and short texture is stablized, and easily degrades in plant, can be used for improving the content of plant endogenous CO, supplements organic
Carbohydrate, constitute prefix substance 5-ALA, and then promote plant chlorophyll formation, be conducive to plant growth and development and
Morphogenesis, and improve Genes For Plant Tolerance/resistance of reverse；
3) made plant growth regualting composition and plant growth regulator in the present invention, are sowing, are sprouting suitable for plant
It sends out, take root, growing, transplanting, various developments and the production phase such as tissue cultures, vegetable seeds breaking dormancy can be promoted, raising is sprouted
Hair rate, induction and promotion well developed root system and root Mao Shengchang, the decline of crude protein content caused by delaying plant to increase with growth year,
Enhance plant and protect green effect and pest-resistant weeding, lodging tolerance, moreover it is possible to improve salt tolerance of the plant under salt stress environment, increase
Strong plant is under normal and improper environment, growth adaptation ability especially under high salt concentration soil environment, so as to improve work
The economical characters such as object plant products and quality；
4) plant growth regulator of chloride containing ferroheme is unlikely to deteriorate in the present invention, and sustained release performance is good, can be from different acid
Alkaline matter is mixed, and to reduce workload, granule molding and pellet speed are fast, is easy to be disintegrated and disperse in a solvent, raw
It produces cost and energy consumption is lower, have the characteristics that pollution-free, environmentally friendly, inexpensive and have a wide range of application, can reduce in actual use
Loss and waste is suitable for the fields such as farmland chemical regulation, tissue cultures, fruit vegetables storing and cutflower preservation.
Present invention employs above-mentioned technical proposals to provide the plant growth regulator of chloride containing ferroheme, compensates for existing skill
The deficiency of art, reasonable design, easy operation.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is that the ultraviolet/visible light of made hemin in embodiment 3 composes schematic diagram.
Specific embodiment
Technical solution of the present invention is described in further detail below in conjunction with specific embodiment and attached drawing:
Embodiment 1:
A kind of plant growth regualting composition, in which: effective component includes hemin and tune naphthenic acid；Hemin
For the complex compound of ferroheme and sodium carboxymethylcellulose；Adjusting in naphthenic acid includes its agriculturally acceptable salt.Preferably, naphthenic acid is adjusted
To adjust naphthenic acid.The plant growth regualting composition can be adapted for plant sowing, sprout, take root, grow, transplant, organize training
Various developments and the production phase such as support, can promote vegetable seeds breaking dormancy, improve germination rate, induction and promote well developed root system and
Root Mao Shengchang, delay plant with growth year increase caused by crude protein content decline, enhancing plant protect it is green effect and it is pest-resistant
Weeding, lodging tolerance, moreover it is possible to improve salt tolerance of the plant under salt stress environment, enhance plant in normal and improper environment
Under, the growth adaptation ability especially under high salt concentration soil environment, so as to improve agronomy such as crop plants yield and qualities
Shape.
The effective quantity of effective component is defined as: the weight ratio of hemin and tune naphthenic acid is 5:2.Hemin and tune
After naphthenic acid synergistic effect, the active effect compared to single component is significantly increased, and is especially enhanced and is adjusted naphthenic acid, adjusts naphthenic acid salt
And its ability of the control Parasitic Weeds and parasitic pest of derivative, while plant endogenous CO is also improved using hemin
Content, to promote plant growth and development and morphogenesis, and improve Genes For Plant Tolerance/resistance of reverse.
Effective component further includes the trace elements of selenium of 30mg/g；Trace elements of selenium is sodium selenite or Se-enriched yeast powder.It is micro-
The crude protein content decline caused by delaying plant to increase with growth year of secondary element selenium and/or the selenium in raising plant contain
Amount aspect has positive effect, enhances the nutritive value of plant product.
The preparation of hemin includes that the molten broken, ferroheme of red blood cell is detached from and extracts hemin；Hemin
Standby raw material processed is fresh pig blood.China's pig blood utilization rate is no more than 10%, in addition to being utilized in the form of blood meal on a small quantity, exhausted big portion
Divide and is discharged in the form of sewage.It not needing to elute using hemin product made from pig blood, property is stablized, it can deposit long,
And products obtained therefrom can be directly prepared into liquor or compressed tablet, not influence its biological effect, while the blood red egg separated
White organic solvent pollution, it is recycling, increase raw material availability and development approach.
Red blood cell it is molten it is broken with anti-coagulants be sodium citrate solution, sodium citrate solution volumetric concentration is 3%, and sodium citrate is molten
The volume ratio of liquid and blood is 1:8, after anticoagulation is centrifuged 10min under the revolving speed of 3000r/min, collects erythroprecipitin, then
After brine 1 time, addition antioxidant is spare, and antioxidant is sodium hydrogensulfite, and additive amount is heavy for red blood cell
The 0.1% of shallow lake weight.Due to containing a large amount of coagulation factors and factor, in the presence of calcium ion, coagulation factor in new blood
It is activated and has an effect with factor, blood clotting is made to clump together, blood becomes gel by fluid, influences blood red egg in haemocyte
White release, it is therefore necessary to anticoagulation is carried out to raw material blood, and in normal blood, contains only a small amount of ferrihemoglobin,
But in the presence of an oxidizer, hemoglobin is just oxidized to ferrihemoglobin containing heme, and hemoglobin is made to lose it
Normal function, therefore certain antioxidant is added in blood.
Ferroheme disengaging is acid resolution reagent with resolving agent, and pH 2.8, the processing time is 0.5h；Contain in resolving agent
The sodium carboxymethylcellulose that volumetric concentration is 1.5%.It is highly preferred that it is 5% chlorination that acid resolution reagent, which is containing volumetric concentration,
The citric acid of sodium.Under acidic environment, it is imbedded in the variation of protein molecule internal group recurring structure, is made original not charged in molecule
Being imbedded on intramolecular histidine residues band negative electrical charge and being exposed for lotus, causes the combination of ferroheme and globin
It is the most loose, easily separated ferroheme and globin at this time.
Extract the addition of sodium carboxymethylcellulose, ethyl levulinate and 6-aminocaprolc acid used in hemin step
Amount respectively 0.5g/mL, 0.05mg/mL and 0.03mg/mL, adsorption time 3h, pH 5.5, mixing are with ultrasonic power
800W.Ultrasonic wave can produce cavitation bubble, after cavitation bubble rises to a certain size, will release a large amount of energy, generate
Instantaneous high-temperature is formed so-called " hot spot ", and as extraction time extends, the hemin number in " hot spot " is also increasing
Add, hemin mesoporphyrin is caused to become smaller with lipid bilayer blending amount, to improve hemin yield, surpasses simultaneously
Sound wave also promotes ethyl levulinate and 6-aminocaprolc acid to combine with porphyrin, causes sodium carboxymethylcellulose and hemin
The complex structure of formation is stable and more loose, and the complex compound of short texture is more advantageous to and degrades in plant,
Hemin can be used for improving the content of plant endogenous CO, and sodium carboxymethylcellulose can be biodegradable into polysaccharide and glucose, acetyl
Ethyl propionate and 6-aminocaprolc acid can be used for promoting a large amount of synthesis of prefix substance 5-ALA, and then promote leaves of plants
The formation of green element is conducive to plant growth and development and morphogenesis, and improves Genes For Plant Tolerance/resistance of reverse.
A kind of plant growth regulator of chloride containing ferroheme, the plant growth regulator include above-mentioned plant growth tune
Composition is saved, and composition surface is coated on water-soluble fruit glaze agent；Above-mentioned fruit glaze agent is modified by raw material of amylose
After form a film.Water-soluble modified starch is coated on effective component in the composition that composition surface can make and is protected without mutability
Matter, can also be mixed from different acid and alkali substances, and to reduce peasant work amount, the release of effective component is also can be effectively controlled in fruit glaze agent
Speed, sustained release performance is good, so that regulator is more longlasting using drug effect.
Weight accounting of the plant growth regualting composition in plant growth regulator is 60%.
Fruit glaze agent is prepared by the following method: after the glycerol mixing that weight accounting is 20% is added into starch raw material, then
Be added weight accounting be 5%, the water soluble chitosan solution that concentration is 0.5%, under 80 DEG C of Yu Wendu, mixing speed 200r/min
Gelatinization 20min is carried out up to liquid fruit glaze agent.Water-soluble modified starch is one kind between starch and starch sugar, through control
At low degree hydrolysate, the product aquation power is stronger, at normal temperature i.e. can dissolve, hygroscopicity is small, not easy to knot groups, film forming
Well, and the tensile strength after modified starch film and elongation at break greatly increase, and have oil resistance, antipollution performance.
The application method of the plant growth regulator of chloride containing ferroheme, including,
A prepares the solution for containing above-mentioned regulator, and the weight accounting of regulator is 30% in solution；
B, plant, plant tissue or seed are irrigated with the above-mentioned solution containing regulator, impregnate or sprinkling processing.
Plant is handled with active constituent, it, can also be by being absorbed by plants from blade face, soil or be dissolved in the medium such as water
It is absorbed before potting and cuttage plant, there is remarkable effect to the growth of plant.
A kind of preparation method of the plant growth regulator of chloride containing ferroheme, including,
A prepares plant growth regualting composition；
B prepares liquid fruit glaze agent；
C, after liquid fruit glaze agent vacuum outgas, film is on the composition, and heated-air drying is to get overlay film combination
Object, the vacuum degree of above-mentioned vacuum outgas are 0.05MPa, and time 15min, heated-air drying hot blast temperature is 60 DEG C, and the time is
10min；
D adds solvent, auxiliary agent and carrier into overlay film composition, and the plant growth tune that dosage form is wettable powder is made
Save agent；Above-mentioned solvent is propylene glycol；Auxiliary agent is alkyl polyglycoside；Carrier is cornstarch.
Embodiment 2:
A kind of plant growth regualting composition, specific preparation process is as follows:
1) sodium citrate solution that the ratio addition volumetric concentration of 1:10 is 4% by volume into fresh pig blood is formed anti-
Blood coagulation after anticoagulation is then centrifuged 10min under the revolving speed of 4000r/min, collects erythroprecipitin, then washed with physiology salt
After washing 2 times, addition antioxidant is spare, and antioxidant is sodium hydrogensulfite, and additive amount is erythroprecipitin weight
0.2%；
2) being added into erythroprecipitin containing volumetric concentration is respectively 15% sodium chloride and 1.5% carboxymethyl cellulose
The citric acid resolving agent of plain sodium, adjustment pH value of solution are 3.5, after stir process 1.5h, filter, are precipitated as hemoglobin, filtrate is standby
With；
3) to filter gained filtrate in add respectively 1g/mL, 0.1mg/mL and 0.08mg/mL sodium carboxymethylcellulose,
Ethyl levulinate and 6-aminocaprolc acid, then adjusting pH value of solution is 6.5, then is placed under the ultrasonic environment that power is 500W,
After adsorbing 3h, filters, after taking precipitating salt acid elution 2 times, be drying to obtain hemin；
4) hemin and Prohexadione calcium are mixed by weight 23:2, add the trace elements of selenium of 100mg/g,
Middle trace elements of selenium is sodium selenite or Se-enriched yeast powder, up to plant growth regualting composition after homogeneous.
A kind of preparation method of the plant growth regulator of chloride containing ferroheme, comprising the following steps:
A prepares plant growth regualting composition；
B prepares liquid fruit glaze agent: after the glycerol mixing that weight accounting is 25% is added into starch raw material, adding weight
Measure accounting be 2%, the water soluble chitosan solution that concentration is 2%, be gelatinized under 95 DEG C of Yu Wendu, mixing speed 100r/min
30min to obtain the final product；
After c, 10min that liquid fruit glaze agent is deaerated under the conditions of vacuum degree is 0.1Mpa, film is on composition, and with 70
DEG C heated-air drying 5min is to get overlay film composition；
D, in regulator weight accounting be 50% overlay film composition in addition weight accounting be respectively 34% water,
The plant growth tune that dosage form is aqua is made in 5% propylene glycol, 8% organic silicon polyether class, 3% sodium lignin sulfonate, mixing
Save agent.
The application method of the plant growth regulator of above-mentioned chloride containing ferroheme, including,
A prepares the solution for containing above-mentioned regulator, and the weight accounting of regulator is 60% in solution；
B, plant, plant tissue or seed are irrigated with the above-mentioned solution containing regulator, impregnate or sprinkling processing.
Embodiment 3:
A kind of plant growth regualting composition, specific preparation process is as follows:
1) sodium citrate solution that the ratio addition volumetric concentration of 1:9 is 3% by volume into fresh pig blood is formed anti-
Blood coagulation after anticoagulation is then centrifuged 15min under the revolving speed of 4000r/min, collects erythroprecipitin, then washed with physiology salt
After washing 1 time, addition antioxidant is spare, and antioxidant is sodium hydrogensulfite, and additive amount is erythroprecipitin weight
0.2%；
2) being added into erythroprecipitin containing volumetric concentration is respectively 10% sodium chloride and 1.5% carboxymethyl cellulose
The citric acid resolving agent of plain sodium, adjustment pH value of solution are 3.0, after stir process 1h, filter, are precipitated as hemoglobin, filtrate is spare；
3) to filter gained filtrate in add respectively 1g/mL, 0.07mg/mL and 0.06mg/mL sodium carboxymethylcellulose,
Ethyl levulinate and 6-aminocaprolc acid, then adjusting pH value of solution is 6, then is placed under the ultrasonic environment that power is 600W, is inhaled
After attached 2.5h, filters, after taking precipitating salt acid elution 2 times, be drying to obtain hemin；
4) hemin and Prohexadione calcium are mixed by weight 18:2, add the trace elements of selenium of 80mg/g,
Middle trace elements of selenium is sodium selenite or Se-enriched yeast powder, up to plant growth regualting composition after homogeneous.
A kind of preparation method of the plant growth regulator of chloride containing ferroheme, comprising the following steps:
A prepares plant growth regualting composition；
B prepares liquid fruit glaze agent: after the glycerol mixing that weight accounting is 22% is added into starch raw material, adding weight
Measure accounting be 2%, the water soluble chitosan solution that concentration is 2%, be gelatinized under 90 DEG C of Yu Wendu, mixing speed 100r/min
25min to obtain the final product；
After c, 15min that liquid fruit glaze agent is deaerated under the conditions of vacuum degree is 0.1Mpa, film is on composition, and with 70
DEG C heated-air drying 10min is to get overlay film composition；
D, into the overlay film composition that weight accounting is 65% in regulator, addition weight accounting is respectively 5% the third two
Alcohol, 9% organic silicon polyether class, 6% fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether, 5% anhydrous magnesium sulfate, 10% cornstarch are uniformly mixed
Afterwards, 100 DEG C of steam are passed through and are modulated 2min, are then granulated, control partial size is 2~3mm, and the plant that dosage form is granule is made
Growth regulator.
The application method of the plant growth regulator of above-mentioned chloride containing ferroheme, including,
A prepares the solution for containing above-mentioned regulator, and the weight accounting of regulator is 50% in solution；
B, plant, plant tissue or seed are irrigated with the above-mentioned solution containing regulator, impregnate or sprinkling processing.
Gained hemin is taken to carry out product identification, can obtain product is amorphous powdery solid, and sepia is soluble in ammonia
Water and sodium hydroxide, and ultraviolet/visible light spectrum identification is carried out, gained ultraviolet spectrogram such as attached drawing 1 is as seen from the figure, attached in 410nm
Nearby there is maximum absorption band, can determine whether that products obtained therefrom is hemin.
Embodiment 4:
The present embodiment difference from Example 3 is:
A kind of plant growth regulator of chloride containing ferroheme, preparation step are as follows: taking the weight accounting in regulator
It is respectively 8% alkyl polyglycoside, 5% fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether, 3% sulphur with weight accounting for 75% overlay film composition
Sour ammonium, the mixing of 9% cornstarch, are made the plant growth regulator that dosage form is wettable powder.
Embodiment 5:
The present embodiment difference from Example 3 is:
A kind of plant growth regulator of chloride containing ferroheme, preparation step are as follows: taking the weight accounting in regulator
For 55% overlay film composition, with weight accounting be respectively 7% water, 20% propylene glycol, 10% alkyl polyglycoside, 5%
Fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether, the mixing of 3% ammonium sulfate, are made the plant growth regulator that dosage form is emulsion.
Embodiment 6:
The present embodiment difference from Example 3 is:
A kind of plant growth regulator of chloride containing ferroheme, preparation step are as follows: to the weight accounting in regulator
For the 15- crown ether -5 of 0.03wt% and the piceatannol of 0.08wt% are added in 65% overlay film composition, then accounted for weight
Than the organic silicon polyether class, 6% fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether, 5% anhydrous magnesium sulfate, 9.89% that are respectively 5% propylene glycol, 9%
Cornstarch after mixing, is passed through 100 DEG C of steam and is modulated 2min, be then granulated, and control partial size is 2~3mm, and agent is made
Type is the plant growth regulator of granule；15- crown ether -5 and piceatannol are added before granulation can play granule actively
Effect, the void structure of one side crown ether be selectively complexed in hemin and sodium carboxymethylcellulose complex compound just from
Son merges hemin complex compound quickly with other ingredients in steam, and crown ether is not complexed with anion, dissociates or naked
The anion being exposed on the external then incorporates in mixed material with piceatannol, since anion reactivity is very high, can make
Accelerate material pelletization, grain forming speed is fast, reduces production energy consumption, and another aspect crown ether-complex compound-is white
The hydrophily of skin China fir alcohol structure is stronger compared with complex compound, is also easier to be disintegrated in water and disperse, enables granule Quick uniform
Ground is dissolved in the water, and is conducive to accelerate absorption and utilization of the plant to effective component, increases effective benefit of plant growth regulator
With rate, loss and waste in actual use is reduced, saves production and application cost.
Embodiment 7:
The present embodiment difference from Example 3 is:
A kind of preparation step 3 of plant growth regualting composition) specifically: add 1g/mL's to filtering in gained filtrate
Sodium carboxymethylcellulose, then adjusting pH value of solution is 6, then is placed under the ultrasonic environment that power is 600W, after adsorbing 2.5h, is taken out
Filter, after taking precipitating salt acid elution 2 times, is drying to obtain hemin.It is consistent in remaining step and embodiment 3, dosage form is made
For the plant growth regulator of granule.
Embodiment 8:
The present embodiment difference from Example 3 is:
A kind of preparation step 3 of plant growth regualting composition) specifically: 1g/ is added respectively to filtering in gained filtrate
Sodium carboxymethylcellulose, ethyl levulinate and the 6-aminocaprolc acid of mL, 0.07mg/mL and 0.06mg/mL, then adjust solution
PH is 6, then after Static Adsorption 2.5h, filters, after taking precipitating salt acid elution 2 times, is drying to obtain hemin.Remaining step
With it is consistent in embodiment 3, the plant growth regulator that dosage form is granule is made.
Embodiment 9:
The present embodiment difference from Example 3 is:
A kind of preparation step 3 of plant growth regualting composition) specifically: add 1g/mL's to filtering in gained filtrate
Sodium carboxymethylcellulose, then adjusting pH value of solution is suction filtration behind 6, then Static Adsorption 2.5h, after taking precipitating salt acid elution 2 times,
It is drying to obtain hemin.It is consistent in remaining step and embodiment 3, the plant growth regulator that dosage form is granule is made.
Embodiment 10:
The present embodiment difference from Example 3 is:
A kind of effective component in plant growth regualting composition further includes choline (such as choline chloride, nitric acid choline), dimension
Raw element, indolebutyric acid, heteroauxin, ethephon (CEPHA),2-(chloroethyl) phosphonic acid, gibberellin, inabenfide, ancient one of sieve ketose and piperonyl butoxide or several
Kind, the weight accounting of above-mentioned effective component in the composition is 1~5%.It is consistent in remaining step and embodiment 3, dosage form is made
For the plant growth regulator of granule.
Embodiment 11:
Plant growth regulator stability and disintegration test
The made bead dosage form plant growth regulator of Example 3,6,7,8,9 respectively, stablizes made regulator
Property test and disintegration test, as a result see Table 1 for details.
The stability and disintegration test result of 1 bead dosage form plant growth regulator of table
As seen from the above table, in stability test in 12 months, effective component chlorination blood in each made regulator of embodiment
Downward trend is presented in the content of red pigment, but the change rate range of decrease of embodiment 3 and 6 is smaller, and embodiment 7,8 and the 9 change rate ranges of decrease
Larger, the aqueous solution being formed simultaneously passes through solution stability testing after 24h, obtain the stability of solution of embodiment 3 and 6 compared with
Other groups have a clear superiority, and illustrate that the hemin Stability of Metal Complexes formed under ultrasound environments is stronger, storage life and goods
It can guarantee that effective component is not lost in the frame phase, be conducive to plant absorption and utilize and save dosage and cost；Water is dissolved in regulator
It is found that the made granule energy fater disintegration of embodiment 6 and forming solution in the slaking test of solvent, and other groups then have part
Disintegration is not completed, cannot be dissolved in aqueous solvent in time, be easy to cause loss in actual production, waste and be excessively used, it is raw
It produces and use cost increases, therefore the made regulator quality of embodiment 6 is more excellent.
Embodiment 12:
The plant growth regulator application test of chloride containing ferroheme
1) subjects: grape
2) test period: applying one month before grape rudiment, until current year grape starts to bloom
3) test method: being administered by the way of pouring root, carried out secondary application every 30 days, spraying time is upper
Noon 10:00, planting conditions and water and fertilizer management condition are identical, are planted respectively using embodiment 3,6,7,8,9 and 10 made bead dosage forms
Object growth regulator, and using clear water as blank group, whole process carries out tracking test, to every empirical value record such as the following table 2.
Influence of 2 plant growth regulator of table to grape growth
As seen from the above table, plant growth regulator can obviously increase crude protein content in grape leave and chlorophyll contains
Amount, after each made regulator use of embodiment, the crude protein content difference in blade is unobvious, and chlorophyll content is presented with difference
It is different, it especially is not added with ethyl levulinate and 6-aminocaprolc acid in the preparation of the regulator of embodiment 7 and 9, causes chlorophyll content
It is low compared with other groups；The made regulator of embodiment compares all having a distinct increment at branch rate and blade Ratio of dry to fresh matter of leaves for blank group, wherein real
It is optimal to apply 10 resultant effect of example, is since plurality of active ingredients acts synergistically, so that plant growth and development and morphogenesis reach
It optimizes.
The prior art of routine techniques dawn known to those skilled in the art in above-described embodiment, therefore herein no longer in detail
It repeats.
The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the present invention, and not limitation of the present invention, the ordinary skill people of this field
Member can also make a variety of changes and modification without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention.Therefore, all equivalent
Technical solution also belong to scope of the invention, scope of patent protection of the invention should be defined by the claims.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of plant growth regualting composition, it is characterised in that: effective component includes hemin and tune naphthenic acid；The chlorine
Change the complex compound that ferroheme is ferroheme and sodium carboxymethylcellulose；It include its agriculturally acceptable salt in the tune naphthenic acid.
2. a kind of plant growth regualting composition according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the effective component it is effective
Amount is defined as: the weight ratio of hemin and tune naphthenic acid is 3~25:2.
3. a kind of plant growth regualting composition according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the effective component further includes
The trace elements of selenium of 20~100mg/g；The trace elements of selenium is sodium selenite or Se-enriched yeast powder.
4. a kind of plant growth regualting composition according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the system of the hemin
Standby includes that the molten broken, ferroheme of red blood cell is detached from and extracts hemin；The hemin standby raw material is fresh pig
Blood.
5. a kind of plant growth regualting composition according to claim 4, it is characterised in that: the ferroheme is detached from tearing open
Dividing agent is acid resolution reagent, and pH is 2.5~3.5, and the processing time is 0.5~1.5h；Contain volumetric concentration in the resolving agent
For 1~1.5% sodium carboxymethylcellulose.
6. a kind of plant growth regualting composition according to claim 4, it is characterised in that: the extraction hemin
In step the additive amount of sodium carboxymethylcellulose used, ethyl levulinate and 6-aminocaprolc acid be respectively 0.5~1g/mL,
0.05~0.1mg/mL and 0.03~0.08mg/mL, adsorption time are 2~3h, and pH is 5.0~6.5, and ultrasonic power is used in mixing
For 500~800W.
7. the plant growth regulator of chloride containing ferroheme, it is characterised in that: include the group as described in any one of claim 1~6
Object is closed, and the composition surface is coated on water-soluble fruit glaze agent；The fruit glaze agent is modified by raw material of amylose
After form a film.
8. the plant growth regulator of chloride containing ferroheme according to claim 7, it is characterised in that: the plant growth
Weight accounting of the regulation composition in plant growth regulator is 50~80%.
9. the plant growth regulator of chloride containing ferroheme according to claim 7, it is characterised in that: the fruit glaze agent is logical
It crosses following methods preparation: after the glycerol mixing that weight accounting is 20~25% is added into starch raw material, adding weight accounting
The water soluble chitosan solution for being 0.5~2% for 2~5%, concentration, 80~95 DEG C of Yu Wendu, 100~200r/ of mixing speed
20~30min of gelatinization is carried out under min up to liquid fruit glaze agent.
10. a kind of preparation method of the plant growth regulator of the chloride containing ferroheme as described in any one of claim 7~9,
It is characterized in that: including,
A prepares plant growth regualting composition；
B prepares liquid fruit glaze agent；
C, after liquid fruit glaze agent vacuum outgas, film is on the composition, and heated-air drying is to get overlay film composition；
D adds any two or three in solvent, auxiliary agent and carrier into overlay film composition, and it is wettable powder that dosage form, which is made,
Agent, emulsion, granule or aqua plant growth regulator.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201910386881.8A CN110150304A (en) | 2019-05-10 | 2019-05-10 | The plant growth regulator of chloride containing ferroheme |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201910386881.8A CN110150304A (en) | 2019-05-10 | 2019-05-10 | The plant growth regulator of chloride containing ferroheme |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN110150304A true CN110150304A (en) | 2019-08-23 |
Family
ID=67634216
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201910386881.8A Withdrawn CN110150304A (en) | 2019-05-10 | 2019-05-10 | The plant growth regulator of chloride containing ferroheme |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN110150304A (en) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2021243003A1 (en) * | 2020-05-29 | 2021-12-02 | The Texas A&M University System | Plant antimicrobial compositions and methods of use thereof |
| CN114190393A (en) * | 2021-12-29 | 2022-03-18 | 四川润尔科技有限公司 | Pesticide composition for promoting flower growth and increasing yield of edible cucurbitaceae, preparation and application thereof |
Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1132592A (en) * | 1994-11-28 | 1996-10-09 | 株式会社宇宙总合研究所 | Method for improving plant salt-tolerance |
| CN1934944A (en) * | 2006-10-24 | 2007-03-28 | 南京农业大学 | Chlorohemin contaning plant growth regulator |
| CN103030645A (en) * | 2012-12-21 | 2013-04-10 | 上海杰隆生物制品股份有限公司 | Method for preparing high-purity heme on large scale and application of heme |
| CN104195195A (en) * | 2014-08-19 | 2014-12-10 | 成都宏安生物科技有限公司 | Method for extracting heme |
| CN107027781A (en) * | 2017-05-15 | 2017-08-11 | 四川国光农化股份有限公司 | A kind of plant growth regualting composition, preparation and its application |
| CN109452296A (en) * | 2018-12-12 | 2019-03-12 | 四川国光农化股份有限公司 | A kind of medicine fertilizer composition, preparation and its application |
-
2019
- 2019-05-10 CN CN201910386881.8A patent/CN110150304A/en not_active Withdrawn
Patent Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1132592A (en) * | 1994-11-28 | 1996-10-09 | 株式会社宇宙总合研究所 | Method for improving plant salt-tolerance |
| CN1934944A (en) * | 2006-10-24 | 2007-03-28 | 南京农业大学 | Chlorohemin contaning plant growth regulator |
| CN103030645A (en) * | 2012-12-21 | 2013-04-10 | 上海杰隆生物制品股份有限公司 | Method for preparing high-purity heme on large scale and application of heme |
| CN104195195A (en) * | 2014-08-19 | 2014-12-10 | 成都宏安生物科技有限公司 | Method for extracting heme |
| CN107027781A (en) * | 2017-05-15 | 2017-08-11 | 四川国光农化股份有限公司 | A kind of plant growth regualting composition, preparation and its application |
| CN109452296A (en) * | 2018-12-12 | 2019-03-12 | 四川国光农化股份有限公司 | A kind of medicine fertilizer composition, preparation and its application |
Non-Patent Citations (2)
| Title |
|---|
| 吴立芳: ""利用猪血制备氯化血红素技术的研究"", 《中国优秀硕士学位论文全文数据库 工程科技I辑》 * |
| 郑先福主编: "《植物生长调节剂应用技术 第2版》", 30 June 2013 * |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2021243003A1 (en) * | 2020-05-29 | 2021-12-02 | The Texas A&M University System | Plant antimicrobial compositions and methods of use thereof |
| CN114190393A (en) * | 2021-12-29 | 2022-03-18 | 四川润尔科技有限公司 | Pesticide composition for promoting flower growth and increasing yield of edible cucurbitaceae, preparation and application thereof |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| CN101857472B (en) | Foliar compound fertilizer and preparation method thereof | |
| CN108849984B (en) | Wheat drought-tolerance stress-tolerance compound regulator and application thereof | |
| WO2013097279A1 (en) | Soil replacement tray substrate for rice for raising seedlings and method for raising seedlings thereof | |
| CN105439762A (en) | Organic leaf fertilizer and preparation method thereof | |
| CN105254432A (en) | Foliage fertilizer for longan tree and production method of foliage fertilizer | |
| CN108863568A (en) | A kind of organic water-soluble fertilizer feed composition and its application | |
| CN105906409A (en) | High efficiency foliage fertilizer special for flowers and preparation method thereof | |
| CN108633881A (en) | A kind of composition, preparation and its application improving Trifolium repense drought resistance | |
| CN110367282A (en) | A kind of biostimulant compounding agent and preparation method and application suitable for cotton | |
| CN110150304A (en) | The plant growth regulator of chloride containing ferroheme | |
| CN108902159A (en) | A kind of tobacco strengthening root is good for seedling agent and preparation method thereof | |
| CN108164334A (en) | A kind of high-yield planting method of selenium-rich sugar orange fertilizer and sugar orange | |
| CN111011139A (en) | Planting method of selenium-rich pollution-free potatoes | |
| CN100345802C (en) | Sweet potato nutrient and its preparation method | |
| CN104663175A (en) | Cultivation method for iodine-containing spinach with high survival rate | |
| CN108456054A (en) | Promote the increasing agent and preparation method thereof of potato | |
| CN104429265B (en) | A kind of method that postpones Japanese plum autumn and winter fallen leaves | |
| CN114027122A (en) | Method for cultivating selenium-rich ratoon rice | |
| CN112244041A (en) | Sesame salt-resistant seedling-protecting agent and using method thereof | |
| CN108450271A (en) | A kind of sweet potato and its implantation methods rich in various trace elements | |
| CN105523867B (en) | A kind of amino acid energy concentration fertilizer and preparation method thereof | |
| CN106866222A (en) | Selenium-rich grape plants special nutritional injection | |
| CN108849998A (en) | A kind of composite Nano germinator | |
| CN114766273B (en) | Light-weight-based macadimia nut seedling raising method | |
| CN106431666A (en) | Formulated fertilizer for double-season Sophora japonica |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| WW01 | Invention patent application withdrawn after publication | ||
| WW01 | Invention patent application withdrawn after publication |
Application publication date: 20190823 |