CN110150114A - A kind of stem section transplantation method of water planting sea purslane - Google Patents
A kind of stem section transplantation method of water planting sea purslane Download PDFInfo
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G31/00—Soilless cultivation, e.g. hydroponics
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of stem section transplantation methods of water planting sea purslane, include the following steps: that 1) transplanting fixing device prepares, using environmentally protective, Eco-friendly floatability object as load-carrying matrix, drilling forms the diameter planting hole suitable with sea purslane stem diameter size on it, and the height of planting hole is between 20-50mm；Load-carrying matrix is connected by the attachment including anchor line with the fixation device in water body, and stable fixing device is formed；2) stem section prepares；3) it transplants；Managed after 4) transplanting and etc..The method of the present invention high survival rate, survival rate can achieve 80% or more in open cultivation waters；95% or more in closed water body.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to a kind of salt-tolerant plants --- sea purslane implantation technique field, and in particular to the sea purslane of water planting form
Stem section transplantation method.
Background technique
According to 2017 " Chinese Sea state of ecological environment bulletin ", bad four classes seawater in summer whole nation immediate offshore area monitoring point
Accounting 16%, area are about 40,000 sq-kms, are distributed in Liaodong Wan, Bohai Sea Gulf, entrance of Changjiang River, Hangzhou Wan, Zhejiang Fujian bank, the Zhujiang River
The immediate offshore areas such as mouth, main contamination index are inorganic nitrogen and reactive phosphate.Nutritive salt abundant leads to the above sea area red tide
It takes place frequently, different degrees of influence is caused to society, economic and ecology.Therefore, the discharge amount of nitrogen, phosphorus is controlled, biology is rationally utilized
It is currently to need to study and solve the problems, such as that recovery technique, which removes part nutritive salt,.It is repaired at present using Yu Haiyang's eutrophication water
Multiple salt-tolerant plant washability is less, mainly there is the industrial crops such as fragrant plant mentioned in ancient texts, asparagus and kelp, these tangleweeds exist can not
The problem of aestivating, repairing effect is larger by seasonal effect, and it is poor to repair continuity.
Sea purslane (Sesuvium portulacastrum L.), also known as " waterfront dish ", belong to Aizoaceae sea purslane category
(Sesuvium), perennial meat herbaceous plant grows sand ground or salt-soda soil by the sea.It is distributed widely in global tropical and Ya Re
Band beach is then grown on Fujian, Guangdong, Hainan, Taiwan and Dongsha Island in China more, and vitality is vigorous, optimal growth conditions
The features such as range is wide, strong to nitrogen and phosphorus absorbability and ecological safety coefficient is high is a kind of ideal seawater reparation biology, no
Only there is the economic use value of the phytoremediation species such as fragrant plant mentioned in ancient texts, asparagus and kelp, while also compensating for phytoremediation species not aestivating
The shortcomings that, it avoids repair process seasonality from being interrupted, guarantees the continuity repaired.
However, the key link as sea purslane recovery technique, transplanting and expands and numerous determine whether the technology can transport
For in the reparation ecological engineering of scale.Common plant, which expands numerous mode, cultivating seeds method, Cut stem transplanting and primary
Plastid tissue culture method etc.；Distinct methods are migrated to that power difference is larger, and cultivating seeds and protoplast tissue culture method exist
The numerous demand of expansion of large scale ecological engineering is unable to satisfy on time and economic cost, and stem section transplants the fast, survival rate with speed
The advantages that high, becomes the multiplication technique of mainstream.Currently, about sea purslane stem section transplanting key technology research it is less, no matter
On scientific research and design field or environmental ecology recovery project, it is for reference all to lack a kind of effective implantation technique.Therefore
Invention sea purslane stem section implantation technique scientifically instructs sea purslane just to seem very urgent and must in the application in restoration of the ecosystem field
It wants.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the invention to overcome the shortcomings of that existing sea purslane Cultivating techniques comprehensively consider open country under water planting mode
Outer physicochemical environment condition improves the survival rate of sea purslane stem section transplanting, shortens transplanting, expands numerous period.
In order to achieve the above-mentioned object of the invention, the present invention provides a kind of sea purslane stem section transplantation methods comprising following step
It is rapid:
1, transplanting fixing device prepares
Using floatability object as load-carrying matrix, drilling on it forms that diameter is suitable with sea purslane stem diameter size to be determined
Hole is planted, sea purslane stem section can be effectively fixed between 20mm-50mm in the height of planting hole.Load-carrying matrix by anchor line or
It is that other attachments are connected with the fixation device in water body, forms stable fixing device.Or it is set in floatability frame
For fishing net as load-carrying matrix, the mesh diameter of fishing net is greater than hippocampus tooth diameter, the distance of upper layer and lower layer fishing net 20mm-50mm it
Between.
2, stem section prepares
Sea purslane stem section source
Field is taken to grow or grow fine naturally through artificial culture, the sea purslane without water shortage wilting phenomenon is for stem section system
Standby, plants stems are in green, dark red or red, and blade is light green, complete, and edge is without obvious breakage；It takes and crawls in eustipes part cutting
Crawl stem, stem section of one section of stolon as cuttage after extracing top vane.
Stem section quality requirement: stem section length is 30cm-50cm, and no base of leaf section 3-5 section, band base of leaf section 1-3 is saved, and remains with leaf
Piece 2-6 piece.
3 transplanting
The storage of 3.1 stem sections and transport
Stem section is placed in shady and cool ventilative place, is placed with spreading tiling out or tying up standing manner, be should be avoided and planted caused by stacking
Object tissue damage, reserve temperature are lower than 25 DEG C (preferably 10 DEG C -25 DEG C, further preferably 10 DEG C -15 DEG C), and air is relatively wet
Degree is greater than 60% (preferably 60% -95%, further preferably 80%-95%)；Stem section is coped with when transport takes moisturizing to arrange
It applies, prevents wind, solarization, drenches with rain and mechanical damage.Storage and transport are no more than 48 hours.
3.2 transplanting environmental condition requirements
Nutritive salt: inorganic nitrogen concentration is not less than 0.2mg/L (preferably 0.2mg/L-168mg/L, more preferably 0.8mg/L-
168mg/L, for example, 1mg/L, 20mg/L, 40mg/L, 50mg/L, 60mg/L, 80mg/L, 100mg/L, 120mg/L, 140mg/
L), reactive phosphate is not less than 0.015mg/L (preferably 0.015mg/L-15.5mg/L, more preferably 0.08mg/L-
15.5mg/L, for example, 0.1mg/L, 1mg/L, 3mg/L, 5mg/L, 7mg/L, 9mg/L, 11mg/L, 13mg/L).
PH: pH value is moderate, and pH is 6.5-8.5.
Temperature: temperature should be maintained at 10 DEG C -32 DEG C.
Salinity: the salinity range of sea purslane suitable growth is 0-35 under the conditions of water planting, and optimal salinity range is 0-20, example
Such as, 1,5,10,15.
Illumination: controlling intensity of illumination 5000lx -15000lx when transplanting, when sunlight is too strong, reduces light using shading measure
According to intensity, hippocampus tingia transpiration is reduced.
3.3 transplant times carry out cuttage transplanting in rainy days or illumination in afternoon weaker time-division, and most suitable season is March to May.
3.4 transplantation method
By the cuttage of sea purslane stem section in fixed matrix, guaranteeing band base of leaf section on matrix face, no base of leaf section is soaked in
In water；If stem section endpoint node dry wilting phenomenon occurs in transportational process, the stipes is extractd.Cutting density be 25 plants/
35 Zhu/㎡ of ㎡-.
It is managed after 4 transplanting
Intensity of illumination: in transplanting one month, intensity of illumination 5000lx -15000lx is controlled using shading mode.
Epidemic disaster control: it by shading, ventilation, watering, controls culture substrate temperature and is made as 10 DEG C -32 DEG C；It is relatively wet
Degree is 80% or more.
Fertilising: if culture substrate nutritive salt is lower than the Limited Doses that step 3 requires, in spraying pancebrin on plant
(preferably Gram pancebrin Hoagland's Complete Nutrient Solution suddenly) or equivalent compound fertilizer
Material is sprayed to until blade has drop to drip, once a week.
It reseeds: observing plants stems, leaf growing state weekly, if discovery blade has the abnormal cases such as white point, perforation, rotten,
Abnormal Plants are then removed, and are suitably reseeded.
The boisterous management such as typhoon: it is carried out before the bad weathers such as typhoon or tropical storm or astronomical spring tide pre-
The fixation of fixing device is reinforced in anti-work, and shading screen or fishing net are covered on fixing device, prevents sea purslane from being thrown.?
It is modified after bad weather, and is suitably applied fertilizer in time.
Advantages of the present invention is as follows:
Process and method according to the invention, the high survival rate of sea purslane, wherein the survival rate in open cultivation waters
It can achieve 80% or more；95% or more in closed water body.
Detailed description of the invention
Present invention will be further explained below with reference to the attached drawings and examples.
Fig. 1 is the pictorial diagram after embodiment 1 is transplanted 1 month in open water body；
Fig. 2 is the pictorial diagram after embodiment 1 is transplanted 5 months in open water body；
Fig. 3 is the pictorial diagram after embodiment 1 is transplanted 12 months in open water body；
Fig. 4 is the pictorial diagram after embodiment 2 is transplanted 1 month in closing water body；
Fig. 5 is one of the pictorial diagram after embodiment 2 is transplanted 5 months in closing water body；
Fig. 6 is two of the pictorial diagram after embodiment 2 is transplanted 5 months in closing water body.
Specific embodiment
1, transplanting fixing device prepares
Using environmentally protective, Eco-friendly floatability object as load-carrying matrix, it is bigger to form diameter for drilling on it
In the planting hole of sea purslane stem diameter, sea purslane stem section can be effectively fixed between 20mm -50mm in the height of planting hole.
Load-carrying matrix is connected by anchor line or other attachments with the fixation device in water body, and stable fixing device is formed.Or
It is that fishing net is set in floatability frame as load-carrying matrix, the mesh diameter of fishing net is greater than hippocampus tooth diameter, upper layer and lower layer fishing net
Distance between 20mm-50mm.
2, stem section prepares
Sea purslane stem section source
Field is taken to grow or grow fine naturally through artificial culture, the sea purslane without water shortage wilting phenomenon is for stem section system
Standby, plants stems are in green, dark red or red, and blade is light green, complete, and edge is without obvious breakage；It takes and crawls in eustipes part cutting
Crawl stem, stem section of one section of stolon as cuttage after extracing top vane.
Stem section quality requirement: stem section length is 30cm-50cm, and no base of leaf section 3-5 section, band base of leaf section 1-3 is saved, and remains with leaf
Piece 2-6 piece.
3, it transplants
The storage of 3.1 stem sections and transport
Stem section is placed in shady and cool ventilative place, is placed with spreading tiling out or tying up standing manner, be should be avoided and planted caused by stacking
Object tissue damage, reserve temperature are lower than 25 DEG C, and relative air humidity is greater than 60%；Stem section is coped with when transport takes moist keeping measures,
It prevents wind, solarization, drench with rain and mechanical damage.Storage and transport are no more than 48 hours.
3.2 transplanting environmental condition requirements
Nutritive salt: inorganic nitrogen concentration is not less than 0.2mg/L, and reactive phosphate is not less than 0.015mg/L.
PH: the pH value of culture substrate is moderate, and pH is 6.5-8.5.
Temperature: temperature should be maintained at 10 DEG C -32 DEG C.
Salinity: the salinity range of sea purslane suitable growth is 0~35 under the conditions of water planting, and optimal salinity range is 0~20.
Illumination: controlling intensity of illumination 5000lx -15000lx when transplanting, when sunlight is too strong, reduces light using shading measure
According to intensity, hippocampus tingia transpiration is reduced.
3.3 transplanting culture forms
This method culture sea purslane in the form of water planting, it is fixed that feature, which is respectively as follows: with biological floating bed or similar device,
The suitable hole of sea purslane stipes size is made at floating bed flexibility position with the fixed plant of cuttage in phytyl matter.
3.4 transplant time
Cuttage transplanting is carried out in rainy days or illumination in afternoon weaker time-division, most suitable season is March to May.
3.5 transplantation method
By the cuttage of sea purslane stem section in fixed matrix, guaranteeing band base of leaf section on matrix face, no base of leaf section is soaked in
In water；If stem section endpoint node dry wilting phenomenon occurs in transportational process, the stipes is extractd.Transplanting den- sity be 25 plants/
35 Zhu/㎡ of ㎡-.
4, it is managed after transplanting
Intensity of illumination: in transplanting one month, intensity of illumination 5000lx -15000lx is controlled using shading mode.
Epidemic disaster control: it by shading, ventilation, watering, controls culture substrate temperature and is made as 10 DEG C -32 DEG C；It is relatively wet
Degree is 80% or more.
Fertilising: if culture substrate nutritive salt is lower than the Limited Doses that step 3 requires, in spraying on plant, Gram suddenly is complete
Nutrient solution (Hoagland's Complete Nutrient Solution) or equivalent compound fertilizer, being sprayed to blade has liquid
Until dripping, once a week.
It reseeds: observing plants stems, leaf growing state weekly, if discovery blade has the abnormal cases such as white point, perforation, rotten,
Abnormal Plants are then removed, and are suitably reseeded.
The boisterous management such as typhoon: it is carried out before the bad weathers such as typhoon or tropical storm or astronomical spring tide pre-
The fixation of fixing device is reinforced in anti-work, and shading screen or fishing net are covered on fixing device, prevents sea purslane from being thrown.?
It is modified after bad weather, and is suitably applied fertilizer in time.
5, transplanting survival determines
Transplanting survival criterion
Overall appearance: it grows fine, nothing is lost without deformity, without water shortage wilting phenomenon.
Root: adventitious root (>=3) are newly born in stipes base portion, fibrous root is creamy white, is not damaged.
Stem: stipes well-grown is in green, dark red or red, no water shortage wilting phenomenon.
Leaf: leaf is soft and thicker in green or yellow green, meat；Blade is complete, and edge is wilted without obvious breakage, no water shortage
Phenomenon.
It survives judgement: after transplanting 1 month, meeting all of above requirement, differentiate transplanting survival.
Transplanting success calculates: the plant quantity of transplanting survival and the percentage of cuttage sum.
Embodiment 1 (open water body)
It is transplanted in the open cultivation waters of the Putian reclamation area Hou Hai in July, 2016, is fixed with upper layer and lower layer fishing net
Phytyl matter, surrounding is using pvc pipe as buoyancy carrier.Waters water temperature is 15 DEG C-30 DEG C, salinity 17-21, inorganic nitrogen about 1.0mg/L,
Phosphate 0.1mg/L -0.2mg/L.It is transplanted according to above method, survival rate is 80% after one month, and relative growth rate is
0.025/ day；Transplanting expanded numerous work well after five months.Referring to Fig. 1 to Fig. 3.
Embodiment 2 (closing water body)
Project team advises in the prawn culturing tail water processing pond of Wenchang, hainan city father-in-law Tian Town in May, 2017 to December
Modelling transplanting, 25.8 DEG C-28.9 DEG C of water temperature, salinity 23.0-25.6 uses environmental type kickboard for load-carrying matrix,
Drilling forms the planting hole that diameter is slightly larger than sea purslane stem diameter thereon, and the height of planting hole is in 50mm.Load-carrying matrix passes through anchor
Rope or other attachments are connected with the fixation device in water body, form stable fixing device.
It is transplanted according to above method, survival rate is 95% after one month, and transplanting expanded numerous significant effect after five months.Ginseng
See fig. 4 to fig. 6.
Claims (8)
1. a kind of stem section transplantation method of water planting sea purslane, it includes the following steps:
1) transplanting fixing device prepares
Using floatability object as load-carrying matrix, drilling forms the diameter field planting suitable with sea purslane stem diameter size on it
Hole, the height of planting hole is between 20mm-50mm；Load-carrying matrix passes through the fixation in the attachment and water body including anchor line
Device is connected, and forms stable fixing device；Or fishing net is set in floatability frame as load-carrying matrix, the mesh of fishing net
Diameter is greater than hippocampus tooth diameter, and the distance of upper layer and lower layer fishing net is between 20mm-50mm；
2), stem section prepares
Take field to grow or grow fine naturally through artificial culture, the sea purslane without water shortage wilting phenomenon for stem section prepare,
Plants stems are in green, dark red or red, and blade is light green, complete, and edge is without obvious breakage；Stolon is taken in eustipes part cutting,
Stem section of one section of stolon as transplanting after extracing top vane；
Stem section quality requirement: stem section length is 30cm-50cm, and no base of leaf section 3-5 section, band base of leaf section 1-3 is saved, and remains with blade 2-
6；
3) it transplants
Stem section storage and transport: being placed in shady and cool ventilative place for stem section, is placed with spreading tiling out or tying up standing manner, avoids stacking
Caused plant tissue damage, reserve temperature are lower than 25 DEG C, and relative air humidity is greater than 60%；Moisturizing is taken to stem section when transport
Measure prevents wind, solarization, drenches with rain and mechanical damage；Storage and transport are no more than 48 hours；
Nutritive salt: inorganic nitrogen concentration is not less than 0.2mg/L, and reactive phosphate is not less than 0.015mg/L；
PH: pH value is moderate, and pH is in 6.5-8.5；
Temperature: temperature should be maintained at 10 DEG C -32 DEG C；
Salinity: salinity range 0-35；
Illumination: intensity of illumination 5000lx-15000lx is controlled when transplanting；
Transplant time: cuttage transplanting is carried out in rainy days or illumination in afternoon weaker time-division, season is March to May；
Transplantation method: by the cuttage of sea purslane stem section in fixed matrix, guaranteeing band base of leaf section on matrix face, no base of leaf section is soaked
Steep Yu Shuizhong；If stem section endpoint node dry wilting phenomenon occurs in transportational process, the stipes is extractd；Transplanting den- sity is 25
The Zhu/Zhu/of ㎡ -35 ㎡；
4) it is managed after transplanting
Intensity of illumination: in transplanting one month, intensity of illumination 5000lx-15000lx is controlled using shading mode；
Epidemic disaster control: by shading, ventilation, watering, controlling culture substrate temperature is 10 DEG C -32 DEG C；Relative humidity is 80%
More than；
Fertilising: if environmental nutrient salt is lower than the Limited Doses that step 3) requires, in spraying pancebrin or equivalent on plant
Compound fertilizer is sprayed to until blade has drop to drip, once a week；
Reseed: weekly observe plants stems, leaf growing state, if discovery blade have including white point, perforation, rot including exception feelings
Shape then removes Abnormal Plants, and suitably reseeds；
The boisterous management such as typhoon: prevention work is carried out before the bad weathers such as typhoon or tropical storm or astronomical spring tide
Make, reinforce the fixation of fixing device, shading screen or fishing net are covered on fixing device, prevents sea purslane from being thrown；Severe
It is modified after weather, and is suitably applied fertilizer in time.
2. a kind of stem section transplantation method of water planting sea purslane according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: step 3) storage temperature
Degree is lower than 25 DEG C, is 10 DEG C -25 DEG C.
3. a kind of stem section transplantation method of water planting sea purslane according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: in step 3), water
In inorganic nitrogen concentration be not less than 0.2mg/L, be 0.2mg/L -168mg/L.
4. a kind of stem section transplantation method of water planting sea purslane according to claim 3, it is characterised in that: in step 3), water
In inorganic nitrogen concentration be 0.8mg/L -168mg/L.
5. a kind of stem section transplantation method of water planting sea purslane according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: reactive phosphate is not
It is 0.015mg/L -15.5mg/L lower than 0.015mg/L.
6. a kind of stem section transplantation method of water planting sea purslane according to claim 5, it is characterised in that: reactive phosphate is not
It is 0.08mg/L -15.5mg/L lower than 0.015mg/L.
7. a kind of stem section transplantation method of water planting sea purslane according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: in step 3), water
The salinity range of sea purslane is 0-20 under the conditions of training.
8. a kind of stem section transplantation method of water planting sea purslane according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: illumination is strong when transplanting
When degree is more than 15000lx, intensity of illumination is reduced using shading measure, reduces hippocampus tingia transpiration.
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| CN115500164A (en) * | 2022-11-07 | 2022-12-23 | 四川新叶光生物科技有限公司 | Intelligent lighting device and method for animal and plant growth |
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