CN110126230A - 三层复合共聚聚丙烯复合管材及其制备方法 - Google Patents

三层复合共聚聚丙烯复合管材及其制备方法 Download PDF

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CN110126230A
CN110126230A CN201910277805.3A CN201910277805A CN110126230A CN 110126230 A CN110126230 A CN 110126230A CN 201910277805 A CN201910277805 A CN 201910277805A CN 110126230 A CN110126230 A CN 110126230A
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pipe
composite
layer
composite pipe
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金明畅
刘小欢
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Jiangsu Yuantong Plastic Products Co Ltd
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/03—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor characterised by the shape of the extruded material at extrusion
    • B29C48/09—Articles with cross-sections having partially or fully enclosed cavities, e.g. pipes or channels
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/16—Articles comprising two or more components, e.g. co-extruded layers
    • B29C48/18—Articles comprising two or more components, e.g. co-extruded layers the components being layers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C48/30—Extrusion nozzles or dies
    • B29C48/32—Extrusion nozzles or dies with annular openings, e.g. for forming tubular articles
    • B29C48/325—Extrusion nozzles or dies with annular openings, e.g. for forming tubular articles being adjustable, i.e. having adjustable exit sections
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C48/30—Extrusion nozzles or dies
    • B29C48/32—Extrusion nozzles or dies with annular openings, e.g. for forming tubular articles
    • B29C48/33—Extrusion nozzles or dies with annular openings, e.g. for forming tubular articles with parts rotatable relative to each other
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C48/30—Extrusion nozzles or dies
    • B29C48/32—Extrusion nozzles or dies with annular openings, e.g. for forming tubular articles
    • B29C48/335—Multiple annular extrusion nozzles in coaxial arrangement, e.g. for making multi-layered tubular articles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C48/92—Measuring, controlling or regulating
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16L—PIPES; JOINTS OR FITTINGS FOR PIPES; SUPPORTS FOR PIPES, CABLES OR PROTECTIVE TUBING; MEANS FOR THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16L9/00—Rigid pipes
    • F16L9/12—Rigid pipes of plastics with or without reinforcement
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C2948/00—Indexing scheme relating to extrusion moulding
    • B29C2948/92—Measuring, controlling or regulating
    • B29C2948/92504—Controlled parameter
    • B29C2948/9258—Velocity
    • B29C2948/9259—Angular velocity
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C2948/00—Indexing scheme relating to extrusion moulding
    • B29C2948/92—Measuring, controlling or regulating
    • B29C2948/92504—Controlled parameter
    • B29C2948/9258—Velocity
    • B29C2948/926—Flow or feed rate
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C2948/00—Indexing scheme relating to extrusion moulding
    • B29C2948/92—Measuring, controlling or regulating
    • B29C2948/92504—Controlled parameter
    • B29C2948/92609—Dimensions
    • B29C2948/92619—Diameter or circumference
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C2948/00—Indexing scheme relating to extrusion moulding
    • B29C2948/92—Measuring, controlling or regulating
    • B29C2948/92504—Controlled parameter
    • B29C2948/92609—Dimensions
    • B29C2948/92647—Thickness
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C2948/00—Indexing scheme relating to extrusion moulding
    • B29C2948/92—Measuring, controlling or regulating
    • B29C2948/92819—Location or phase of control
    • B29C2948/92857—Extrusion unit
    • B29C2948/92904—Die; Nozzle zone
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C2948/00—Indexing scheme relating to extrusion moulding
    • B29C2948/92—Measuring, controlling or regulating
    • B29C2948/92819—Location or phase of control
    • B29C2948/92942—Moulded article

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  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Rigid Pipes And Flexible Pipes (AREA)
  • Extrusion Moulding Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)

Abstract

本发明提供一种三层复合共聚聚丙烯复合管材及其制备方法，复合管材由内而外分别为内层、中层以及外层，内层和外层均为纯无规共聚聚丙烯，中层为玻璃纤维增强料，复合管材采用挤出机头的芯棒或/和口模旋转的挤出技术，中层的增强纤维沿环向取向；复合管材的制备方法为：复合管材采用挤出机头挤出，挤出机头包括内中层复合段、旋转剪切段以及外层包裹段。本发明中层和内层先经过复合形成双层管坯，并且管坯在旋转过程中受到环向剪切，增强纤维和大分子在环向剪切的作用下，逐渐变为环向取向，可以有效地提高管材的环向强度，管材能够承受更高的环向应力，充分地表现出增强纤维的优势。

Description

三层复合共聚聚丙烯复合管材及其制备方法
技术领域
本发明涉及塑料管制备领域，尤其涉及一种三层复合共聚聚丙烯复合管材及其制备方法。
背景技术
聚丙烯无规共聚物也是聚丙烯的一种，与PP均聚物相比，无规共聚物改进了光学性能，进步了抗冲击性能，增加了挠性，降低了熔化温度，从而也降低了热熔接温度；同时在化学稳定性、水蒸汽隔离性能和器官感觉性能（低气味和味道）方面与均聚物基本相同。应用于吹塑、注塑、挤塑、薄膜和片材挤压加工领域。但随着使用要求的提高，普通的单层挤出管材在性能方面已不能满足使用要求，用普通挤出技术成型的管材，其大分子长链和增强纤维沿流动方向取向， 因此其轴向强度远高于环向强度；而经理论计算，管材承受内压时管壁的环向应力大约是轴向应力的两倍，因此材料的性能特别是纤维增强的优势不能充分地表现出来。但现有的旋转挤出技术仅适用于单层管材，且挤出速度慢，管材内壁留有旋转痕迹等缺点。
发明内容
本发明的目的是为了解决现有技术中存在的缺点，而提出的三层复合共聚聚丙烯复合管材及其制备方法。
为实现上述目的，本发明采用了如下技术方案：
一种三层复合共聚聚丙烯复合管材及其制备方法，所述复合管材由内而外分别为内层、中层以及外层，所述内层和所述外层均为纯无规共聚聚丙烯，所述中层为玻璃纤维增强料，所述复合管材采用挤出机头的芯棒或/和口模旋转的挤出技术，所述中层的增强纤维沿环向取向；
所述复合管材的制备方法为：所述复合管材采用挤出机头挤出，所述挤出机头包括内中层复合段、旋转剪切段以及外层包裹段；所述复合管材挤出成型的步骤如下：
步骤一：在所述内中层复合段，所述中层的材料，即所述玻璃纤维增强料围绕芯棒形成管坯；
步骤二：在内中层复合段，所述内层的材料，即纯无规共聚聚丙烯经流道沿圆周均匀分布后，与所述管坯复合，形成双层管坯；
步骤三：在所述旋转剪切段，所述双层管坯受到环向剪切，增强纤维和大分子转变为环向取向；
步骤四：在所述外层包裹段，所述外层的材料，即纯无规共聚聚丙烯沿圆周均匀分布后，包裹在取向管坯的外表面形成三层管坯；
步骤五：所述三层管坯经过口模环调节管壁厚度后挤出成型。
优选地，所述挤出机头的口模旋转速度为10-90转/分钟。
优选地，所述复合管材的外直径为40-200毫米。
优选地，所述内层的厚度为所述复合管材的管壁厚度的1/10-3/10，所述中层的厚度为所述复合管材的管壁厚度的2.5/10-3.5/10，所述外层的厚度为所述复合管材的管壁厚度的4/10-5/10。
优选地，所述纯无规共聚聚丙烯的熔体质量流动速率为0.3克/10分钟。
与现有技术相比，本发明的有益效果为：
相比较现有的适用于单层管材的芯棒或口模旋转的挤出技术，本发明按照中层、内层、外层的旋转方式挤出，中层和内层先经过复合形成双层管坯，并且管坯在旋转过程中受到环向剪切，增强纤维和大分子在环向剪切的作用下，逐渐变为环向取向，可以有效地提高管材的环向强度，在管道承受内压时，管壁可以更好地承受，管材能够承受更高的环向应力，充分地表现出增强纤维的优势。最后在外部包裹外层的纯料，形成三层管坯，最外层的管坯没有经过环向剪切，所以管壁内不会留有旋转的痕迹。
具体实施方式
为使对本发明的目的、构造、特征、及其功能有进一步的了解，兹配合实施例详细说明如下。
本发明提供了一种三层复合共聚聚丙烯复合管材及其制备方法，所述复合管材由内而外分别为内层、中层以及外层，所述内层和所述外层均为纯无规共聚聚丙烯，所述中层为玻璃纤维增强料，所述复合管材采用挤出机头的芯棒或/和口模旋转的挤出技术，所述中层的增强纤维沿环向取向。
现有的复合材料的三层共挤出结构的复合材料管材，因为管材的中层的内外表面都被纯料层覆盖，故而避免出现管材内外表面玻璃纤维外露，表面发毛不光的现象。但是处于管材中间层的玻璃纤维增强效果较差，往往达不到明显提高管材承压强度的目的，主要是因为在挤出成型过程中增强的玻璃纤维和高分子链是顺着挤出流动方向即管材的轴向取向，只是使管壁的轴向强度提高了，而环向强度却没有得到明显的改善。根据受内压薄壁管材的受力分析表明，管壁的环向应力大约为轴向应力的两倍，所以只是在内外层增加纯料层覆盖的方法并不能很好地发挥增强纤维的作用。本发明按照中层、内层、外层的旋转方式挤出，中层和内层先经过复合形成双层管坯，并且管坯在旋转过程中受到环向剪切，增强纤维和大分子在环向剪切的作用下，逐渐变为环向取向，可以有效地提高管材的环向强度，在管道承受内压时，管壁可以更好地承受，管材能够承受更高的环向应力，充分地表现出增强纤维的优势。
所述复合管材的制备方法为：所述复合管材采用挤出机头挤出，所述挤出机头包括内中层复合段、旋转剪切段以及外层包裹段；所述复合管材挤出成型的步骤如下：
步骤一：在所述内中层复合段，所述中层的材料，即所述玻璃纤维增强料围绕芯棒形成管坯；
步骤二：在内中层复合段，所述内层的材料，即纯无规共聚聚丙烯经流道沿圆周均匀分布后，与所述管坯复合，形成双层管坯；
步骤三：在所述旋转剪切段，所述双层管坯受到环向剪切，增强纤维和大分子转变为环向取向；
步骤四：在所述外层包裹段，所述外层的材料，即纯无规共聚聚丙烯沿圆周均匀分布后，包裹在取向管坯的外表面形成三层管坯；
步骤五：所述三层管坯经过口模环调节管壁厚度后挤出成型。
本发明按照中层、内层、外层的旋转方式挤出，中层和内层先经过复合形成双层管坯，最后在外部包裹外层的纯料，形成三层管坯，最外层的管坯没有经过环向剪切，所以管壁内不会留有旋转的痕迹。
优选地，所述挤出机头的口模旋转速度为10-90转/分钟。
优选地，所述复合管材的外直径为40-200毫米。
优选地，所述内层的厚度为所述复合管材的管壁厚度的1/10-3/10，所述中层的厚度为所述复合管材的管壁厚度的2.5/10-3.5/10，所述外层的厚度为所述复合管材的管壁厚度的4/10-5/10。
优选地，所述纯无规共聚聚丙烯的熔体质量流动速率为0.3克/10分钟。
由上所述，本发明相比较现有的适用于单层管材的芯棒或口模旋转的挤出技术，本发明按照中层、内层、外层的旋转方式挤出，中层和内层先经过复合形成双层管坯，并且管坯在旋转过程中受到环向剪切，增强纤维和大分子在环向剪切的作用下，逐渐变为环向取向，可以有效地提高管材的环向强度，在管道承受内压时，管壁可以更好地承受，管材能够承受更高的环向应力，充分地表现出增强纤维的优势。最后在外部包裹外层的纯料，形成三层管坯，最外层的管坯没有经过环向剪切，所以管壁内不会留有旋转的痕迹。
本发明已由上述相关实施例加以描述，然而上述实施例仅为实施本发明的范例。必需指出的是，已揭露的实施例并未限制本发明的范围。相反地，在不脱离本发明的精神和范围内所作的更动与润饰，均属本发明的专利保护范围。

Claims (5)

1.一种三层复合共聚聚丙烯复合管材及其制备方法，所述复合管材由内而外分别为内层、中层以及外层，所述内层和所述外层均为纯无规共聚聚丙烯，所述中层为玻璃纤维增强料，其特征在于：所述复合管材采用挤出机头的芯棒或/和口模旋转的挤出技术，所述中层的增强纤维沿环向取向；
所述复合管材的制备方法为：所述复合管材采用挤出机头挤出，所述挤出机头包括内中层复合段、旋转剪切段以及外层包裹段；所述复合管材挤出成型的步骤如下：
步骤一：在所述内中层复合段，所述中层的材料，即所述玻璃纤维增强料围绕芯棒形成管坯；
步骤二：在内中层复合段，所述内层的材料，即纯无规共聚聚丙烯经流道沿圆周均匀分布后，与所述管坯复合，形成双层管坯；
步骤三：在所述旋转剪切段，所述双层管坯受到环向剪切，增强纤维和大分子转变为环向取向；
步骤四：在所述外层包裹段，所述外层的材料，即纯无规共聚聚丙烯沿圆周均匀分布后，包裹在取向管坯的外表面形成三层管坯；
步骤五：所述三层管坯经过口模环调节管壁厚度后挤出成型。
2.如权利要求1所述的三层复合共聚聚丙烯复合管材及其制备方法，其特征在于：所述挤出机头的口模旋转速度为10-90转/分钟。
3.如权利要求1所述的三层复合共聚聚丙烯复合管材及其制备方法，其特征在于：所述复合管材的外直径为40-200毫米。
4.如权利要求1所述的三层复合共聚聚丙烯复合管材及其制备方法，其特征在于：所述内层的厚度为所述复合管材的管壁厚度的1/10-3/10，所述中层的厚度为所述复合管材的管壁厚度的2.5/10-3.5/10，所述外层的厚度为所述复合管材的管壁厚度的4/10-5/10。
5.如权利要求1所述的三层复合共聚聚丙烯复合管材及其制备方法，其特征在于：所述纯无规共聚聚丙烯的熔体质量流动速率为0.3克/10分钟。
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