CN110100830B - Bactericide for preventing and treating potato late blight and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Bactericide for preventing and treating potato late blight and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN110100830B CN110100830B CN201910372474.1A CN201910372474A CN110100830B CN 110100830 B CN110100830 B CN 110100830B CN 201910372474 A CN201910372474 A CN 201910372474A CN 110100830 B CN110100830 B CN 110100830B
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N37/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most two bonds to halogen, e.g. carboxylic acids
- A01N37/36—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most two bonds to halogen, e.g. carboxylic acids containing at least one carboxylic group or a thio analogue, or a derivative thereof, and a singly bound oxygen or sulfur atom attached to the same carbon skeleton, this oxygen or sulfur atom not being a member of a carboxylic group or of a thio analogue, or of a derivative thereof, e.g. hydroxy-carboxylic acids
- A01N37/38—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most two bonds to halogen, e.g. carboxylic acids containing at least one carboxylic group or a thio analogue, or a derivative thereof, and a singly bound oxygen or sulfur atom attached to the same carbon skeleton, this oxygen or sulfur atom not being a member of a carboxylic group or of a thio analogue, or of a derivative thereof, e.g. hydroxy-carboxylic acids having at least one oxygen or sulfur atom attached to an aromatic ring system
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N43/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds
- A01N43/02—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one or more oxygen or sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms
- A01N43/04—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one or more oxygen or sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms with one hetero atom
- A01N43/14—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one or more oxygen or sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms with one hetero atom six-membered rings
- A01N43/16—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one or more oxygen or sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms with one hetero atom six-membered rings with oxygen as the ring hetero atom
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N43/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds
- A01N43/90—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having two or more relevant hetero rings, condensed among themselves or with a common carbocyclic ring system
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of agricultural pest control, and particularly relates to a bactericide for controlling potato late blight and a preparation method thereof. The bactericide for preventing and treating potato late blight takes matrine, flaxseed lignan and rosemary as active ingredients, and shows synergistic antibacterial and preventing and treating effects among the matrine, the flaxseed lignan and the rosemary, so that the bactericide not only has good antibacterial activity on isolated pathogenic bacteria of potato late blight, but also has a field prevention and treatment experiment showing that the bactericide can effectively prevent and treat potato late blight, and the prevention and treatment effect is safe and remarkable.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of agricultural pest control, and particularly relates to a bactericide for controlling potato late blight, and further discloses a preparation method and application thereof.
Background
Potato Late Blight (Potato Late Blight) is a devastating oomycete disease caused by phytophthora infestans that results in death of Potato stems and leaves and rot of tubers. When the leaves are infected, green brown spots are soaked in water at the leaf tips or leaf margins, the peripheries of the infected spots are provided with light green halos, the infected spots are rapidly enlarged and brown when the humidity is high, a circle of white mould, namely cyst stalks and sporangia, is most obvious particularly on the leaf backs, the infected spots become brown and dry when being dried, are crisp and easy to crack, do not see white mould, and have slow expansion speed, and brown streak spots appear when the stems or leaf stalks are infected; the seriously ill leaves can wither and contract, so that the whole plant is black and rotten, even one scorched field emits putrefactive odor; the tubers are infected by brown or purple brown large disease spots, are slightly sunken, and the subcutaneous potato flesh at the diseased part is brown and slowly expands or is rotten all around.
The pathogenic bacteria of the potato late blight mainly live through the winter in potato blocks by mycelium, and the potato blocks with the pathogenic bacteria are sown, so that the potato blocks do not germinate or die after germination and unearthed, some unearthed potato blocks become central diseased plants, and sporangiums generated in diseased parts are re-infected by airflow propagation to form a diseased center, so that the disease is spread and expanded rapidly from point to surface; the sporangia on the diseased leaves can infiltrate into soil along with rainwater or irrigation water to infect potato blocks to form diseased potatoes, and the diseased potatoes become a main infection source in the next year. Therefore, the potato late blight has great harm to the planting of the potatoes.
The method for preventing and treating potato late blight in the prior art mainly comprises the following steps: 1. selecting disease-free seed potatoes to reduce initial infection sources, strictly removing the disease potatoes each time in the processes of autumn harvest and cellar entry, winter storage and cellar checking, cellar exit, dicing, vernalization and the like, conditionally establishing a disease-free seed reserving land and performing disease-free seed reserving; 2. the cultivation management is enhanced, the seedlings are sowed early in a proper period, the field with loose soil and good drainage is selected for planting, the field humidity is reduced, the robust growth of plants is promoted, and the disease resistance is enhanced; 3. crop rotation and stubble replacement are performed to prevent continuous cropping and continuous cropping with solanaceae crops or close to planting, crop rotation with cruciferous vegetables is performed for more than 3 years, and adjacent planting with potatoes is avoided; 4. strengthening field management, applying enough base fertilizer, applying formula fertilizer, avoiding applying nitrogen fertilizer partially, applying phosphorus and potassium fertilizers additionally, preventing and removing weeds in time after field planting, reasonably training branches, pinching and branching according to the fruiting habits of different varieties, reducing nutrient consumption and promoting the growth of main stems; 5. reasonable close planting, wherein different close planting modes are adopted according to the growth period and fruiting habit of different varieties, so that the ventilation and light transmission conditions in the field can be improved, the field humidity is reduced, and the occurrence of diseases is reduced; 6. sterilizing the potato seeds, and optionally sterilizing with proper disinfectant; 7. in the early disease stage, proper medicament can be selected for controlling the disease in the early disease stage of the plant. In the control method, the proper bactericide is adopted for treatment in the early disease stage of the plant, so that the control effect is remarkable, and the development of the bactericide for efficiently controlling the potato late blight has important significance for planting potatoes.
Disclosure of Invention
Therefore, the invention aims to provide a bactericide for preventing and treating potato late blight, and further discloses a preparation method and application thereof.
In order to solve the technical problems, the effective components of the bactericide for preventing and treating potato late blight comprise the following components in a mass ratio of 8-15: 3-8: 2-4 of matrine, flax lignan and rosemary extract.
Preferably, the bactericide for preventing and treating potato late blight comprises the following effective components in percentage by mass: 5: 3 matrine, flax lignan and rosemary extract.
Specifically, the bactericide also comprises conventional auxiliary materials suitable for field application.
Specifically, the auxiliary materials comprise a suspending agent, a wetting agent, a dispersing agent, a thickening agent, an emulsifying agent, a disintegrating agent or a stabilizing agent.
Specifically, when the bactericide is used for field control, the concentration of the active ingredients of the bactericide is 10-50 mg/L.
Specifically, the mass percentage of the active ingredients in the bactericide is not less than 10 wt%.
Specifically, the pesticide preparation comprises an aqueous suspending agent and water dispersible granules.
In the case of water dispersible granules, those skilled in the art use the following major adjuvants and formulate them by conventional methods: the dispersant is selected from polycarboxylate, lignosulfonate, alkyl naphthalene sulfonate and NNO (alkyl naphthalene sulfonate formaldehyde condensate); the wetting agent is selected from polyoxyethylene alcohol, alkyl sulfate, alkyl sulfonate and naphthalene sulfonate; the disintegrating agent is selected from ammonium sulfate, urea, sucrose, glucose, citric acid, succinic acid, sodium bicarbonate, nekal BX (sodium dibutylnaphthalenesulfonate), and K-12 (sodium laurylsulfate); the binder is selected from diatomite, corn starch, PVA, carboxymethyl (ethyl) cellulose and microcrystalline cellulose; the filler is selected from ammonium sulfate, diatomaceous earth, kaolin, white carbon black, light calcium, sepiolite, talcum powder, attapulgite, pottery clay and the like.
The preparation of the water dispersible granules can be carried out by methods known to those skilled in the art, such as: according to the formula proportion, the raw medicine is uniformly mixed with a dispersing agent, a wetting agent, a binder, a filler and the like, powder is obtained after airflow crushing, a proper amount of water phase is added for mixing, granulation is carried out in a granulator, and then drying and screening are carried out, so that the water dispersible granule is obtained.
For aqueous suspensions, the skilled worker uses the following essential auxiliaries and formulates them by conventional methods: the dispersant is selected from polycarboxylate, lignosulfonate, alkylnaphthalene sulfonate, TERSPERSE 2425 (alkylnaphthalene sulfonate, available from Hensman, USA); the emulsifier is selected from Nongru 700# (common name: alkylphenol formaldehyde resin polyoxyethylene ether), Nongru 2201, span-60 # (common name: sorbitan monostearate), emulsifier T-60 (common name: sorbitan monostearate polyoxyethylene ether), Nongru 1601# (common name: phenethylphenol polyoxyethylene polyoxypropylene ether), TERSPERSE 4894 (product of Hensmei company in USA) and FS3000 (phosphate ester type anionic surfactant); the wetting agent is selected from alkylphenol polyoxyethylene polyether formaldehyde condensate sulfate, alkylphenol polyoxyethylene ether phosphate, phenethylphenol polyoxyethylene ether phosphate, alkyl sulfate, alkyl sulfonate, naphthalene sulfonate, TERSPERSE 2500 (available from Henshime company, USA), SXC (sulfonic acid type anionic surfactant); the thickener is selected from xanthan gum, polyvinyl alcohol, magnesium aluminum silicate, and bentonite; the preservative is selected from benzoic acid, sodium benzoate, BIT (1, 2-benzisothiazolin-3-one); the defoaming agent is an organic silicon defoaming agent; the antifreeze is selected from ethylene glycol, propylene glycol, glycerol, and urea.
The preparation of the aqueous suspension may be carried out by methods known to the person skilled in the art, for example: according to the formula proportion, water is used as a medium, the original drug, the dispersing agent, the suspending agent, the antifreezing agent and the like are added into a high-shear emulsifying machine for shearing, and then a sand mill is used for sanding to obtain the suspending agent.
The germicide of the present invention may be provided in the form of a finished formulation, i.e., the components of the composition have been mixed; it can also be provided in a single dose formulation, and mixed directly in a tub or tank before use. The concentrates of the invention are typically mixed with water to give the desired concentration of active.
The invention also discloses a method for preparing the bactericide for preventing and treating potato late blight, which comprises the steps of mixing selected amounts of the matrine, the flax lignan and the rosemary, adding selected conventional auxiliary materials, and preparing the bactericide for preventing and treating potato late blight, which is suitable for field application, according to a conventional method.
The invention also discloses application of the bactericide for preventing and treating potato late blight in the field of prevention and treatment of potato late blight.
The invention also discloses a method for preventing and treating potato late blight, which comprises the step of spraying the bactericide on soil at the root of crops at the early stage of crop disease, wherein the application method is a conventional application method of agricultural chemicals, such as irrigation, spraying, dusting, broadcasting and the like.
All% referred to herein are "weight percent" unless otherwise indicated.
The bactericide for preventing and treating potato late blight takes matrine, flaxseed lignan and rosemary as active ingredients, and shows synergistic antibacterial and preventing and treating effects among the matrine, the flaxseed lignan and the rosemary, so that the bactericide not only has good antibacterial activity on isolated pathogenic bacteria of potato late blight, but also has a field prevention and treatment experiment showing that the bactericide can effectively prevent and treat potato late blight, and the prevention and treatment effect is safe and remarkable.
Detailed Description
Example 1
The bactericide for preventing and treating potato late blight, which is described in the embodiment, comprises the following effective components in mass ratio of 12: 5: 3 matrine, flax lignan and rosemary extract.
In the bactericide of the embodiment, matrine, flaxseed lignan and rosemary are used as effective components, a proper auxiliary agent and a filler are selected and uniformly mixed according to a conventional method in the prior art, powder is obtained after airflow crushing, a certain amount of water is added for mixing, granulation is carried out in a granulator, then drying and screening are carried out, and granular water dispersible granules are obtained, wherein the mass content of the effective components in the bactericide is controlled to be 10 wt%.
Example 2
The bactericide for preventing and treating potato late blight, which is described in the embodiment, comprises the following effective components in mass ratio of 8: 8: 2 matrine, flax lignan and rosemary extract.
In the bactericide of the embodiment, matrine, flaxseed lignan and rosemary are used as effective components, a proper auxiliary agent and a filler are selected and uniformly mixed according to a conventional method in the prior art, powder is obtained after airflow crushing, a certain amount of water is added for mixing, granulation is carried out in a granulator, then drying and screening are carried out, and granular water dispersible granules are obtained, wherein the mass content of the effective components in the bactericide is controlled to be 20 wt%.
Example 3
The bactericide for preventing and treating potato late blight, which is described in the embodiment, comprises the following effective components in mass ratio of 15: 3: 4 matrine, flax lignan and rosemary extract.
In the bactericide of the embodiment, matrine, flaxseed lignan and rosemary are used as effective components, a proper auxiliary agent and a filler are selected and uniformly mixed according to a conventional method in the prior art, powder is obtained after airflow crushing, a certain amount of water is added for mixing, granulation is carried out in a granulator, then drying and screening are carried out, and granular water dispersible granules are obtained, wherein the mass content of the effective components in the bactericide is controlled to be 20 wt%.
Example 4
The bactericide for preventing and treating potato late blight, which is described in the embodiment, comprises the following effective components in mass ratio of 8: 3: 2 matrine, flax lignan and rosemary extract.
In the bactericide of this embodiment, matrine, flaxseed lignan and rosemary are used as active ingredients, water is used as a medium according to a conventional method in the prior art, and the active ingredients, a dispersing agent, a suspending agent, an antifreezing agent and the like are added into a high shear emulsifying machine to be sheared for 30min, and then a sand mill is used for sand grinding to obtain the aqueous suspension. In this example, the mass content of the above active ingredient in the bactericide is controlled to be 15 wt%.
Example 5
The bactericide for preventing and treating potato late blight, which is described in the embodiment, comprises the following effective components in mass ratio of 15: 8: 4 matrine, flax lignan and rosemary extract.
In the bactericide of this embodiment, matrine, flaxseed lignan and rosemary are used as active ingredients, water is used as a medium according to a conventional method in the prior art, and the active ingredients, a dispersing agent, a suspending agent, an antifreezing agent and the like are added into a high shear emulsifying machine to be sheared for 30min, and then a sand mill is used for sand grinding to obtain the aqueous suspension. In this example, the mass content of the above active ingredient in the bactericide is controlled to be 15 wt%.
Example 6
The bactericide for preventing and treating potato late blight, which is described in the embodiment, comprises the following effective components in a mass ratio of 10: 6: 3 matrine, flax lignan and rosemary extract.
In the bactericide of this embodiment, matrine, flaxseed lignan and rosemary are used as active ingredients, water is used as a medium according to a conventional method in the prior art, and the active ingredients, a dispersing agent, a suspending agent, an antifreezing agent and the like are added into a high shear emulsifying machine to be sheared for 30min, and then a sand mill is used for sand grinding to obtain the aqueous suspension. In this example, the mass content of the above active ingredient in the bactericide is controlled to be 15 wt%. Examples of the experiments
1. Biological assay
In the experimental example, the matrine, the flaxseed oil and the rosemary are respectively used as active ingredients of raw medicines by adopting a method of agricultural industry standard NY/T1156.2-2006 of the people's republic of China, indoor toxicity of the potato late blight is measured, a test object is potato late blight pathogenic bacteria Phytophthora infestans (Mont.) de Bary, and the test object is purchased from China agriculture Rihua Biotechnology GmbH.
The culture medium of pathogenic bacteria is rye culture medium (rye 50g, agar 18g, and water 1000mL), and is dark-cultured at 25 deg.C for 8-10 d. Rye culture media with drug containing concentrations shown in table 1 below were prepared separately, and no drug containing plates were used as controls.
The method comprises the steps of adopting a plate hypha growth inhibition method specified in NY/T1156.2-2006, inoculating potato late blight bacteria on a rye culture medium plate, pre-culturing for 10 days at 25 ℃, then punching fungus cakes on the same circumference close to the edges of bacterial colonies by using a puncher with the diameter of 5mm (ensuring that the fungus ages of the same repeated bacteria to be tested are the same), inoculating the fungus cakes to the center of the plate with a drug culture medium under an aseptic condition by using an inoculating needle, enabling the hypha surface to be downward, setting a non-plate as a control, culturing in the dark, and repeating the determination for 4 times each treatment. After l0d was cultured, the colony diameter was measured to obtain the average of 4 replicates, i.e., the average colony diameter, and finally the average colony growth diameter of each treatment was obtained as the average colony diameter of-5 mm, and the inhibition ratio of the effective components compounded in each ratio was calculated according to the following formula and reported in table 1 below.
TABLE 1 test agent concentration setting protocol and inhibition ratio results (%)
| Agents/concentrations (mg/L) | 10mg/L | 20mg/L | 30mg/L | 40mg/L | 50mg/L |
| Matrine (A) | 20.35％ | 25.72％ | 28.66％ | 33.21％ | 38.42％ |
| Flax lignan (B) | 17.12％ | 20.55％ | 23.09％ | 25.41％ | 28.18％ |
| Rosemary element (C) | 15.89％ | 18.33％ | 20.85％ | 22.27％ | 25.75％ |
| A：B：C＝12：5：3 | 53.24％ | 68.24％ | 78.52％ | 89.56％ | 97.14％ |
| A：B：C＝8：8：2 | 42.55％ | 53.23％ | 64.11％ | 77.34％ | 90.51％ |
| A：B：C＝15：3：4 | 50.17％ | 64.79％ | 74.35％ | 83.98％ | 95.26％ |
| A：B：C＝8：3：2 | 51.29％ | 66.14％ | 75.23％ | 85.16％ | 96.22％ |
| A：B：C＝15：8：4 | 49.36％ | 62.67％ | 73.15％ | 81.47％ | 94.88％ |
| A：B：C＝10：6：3 | 47.78％ | 61.59％ | 72.35％ | 80.37％ | 94.05％ |
The data in the table show that the bactericide prepared by taking matrine, flax lignan and rosemary as active ingredients has good bacteriostatic activity on the in vitro pathogenic bacteria of the potato late blight.
2. Field test
According to the regulation of ' GB/T17980.34-2000 pesticide field efficacy test rule (I) ' -bactericide for preventing and treating potato late blight ' of ministry of agriculture, the treatment of test, control and blank control cells adopts random block arrangement, and the area of each cell is 10m2The drug is applied at the early stage of the disease onset of the plants, and the incidence rate and disease index of the leaves are investigated after 14 days. Sampling at five points on diagonal line in each test cell, and surveying at each point 2-3 plants, all leaves of each plant were investigated and disease ratings were recorded.
Disease grading criteria are as follows:
level 0: no disease spots;
level 1: the area of the lesion spots accounts for less than 5% of the area of the whole leaf;
and 3, level: the lesion area accounts for 6 to 10 percent of the whole leaf area;
and 5, stage: the lesion area accounts for 11-20% of the whole leaf area;
and 7, stage: the lesion area accounts for 21-50% of the whole leaf area;
and 9, stage: the lesion area accounts for more than 50% of the whole leaf area.
The drug effect calculation method comprises the following steps:
according to the investigation result, calculating the disease index and the control effect according to the following formulas (1) to (2):
in the formula, CK0、CK1Disease indexes before and after drug application in the blank control area are respectively; PT0、PT1The disease indexes before and after the medicine treatment area respectively.
The control effect under the compounding of each proportion is counted and recorded in the following table 2.
Table 2 test agent concentration setting protocol and control results (%)
| Medicament | Amount of active ingredient | Control effect (%) |
| Matrine (A) | 2000 g/hectare | 20.28％ |
| Flax lignan (B) | 2000 g/hectare | 15.48％ |
| Rosemary element (C) | 2000 g/hectare | 11.13％ |
| A：B：C＝12：5：3 | 2000 g/hectare | 90.37％ |
| A：B：C＝8：8：2 | 2000 g/hectare | 80.47％ |
| A：B：C＝15：3：4 | 2000 g/hectare | 87.35％ |
| A：B：C＝8：3：2 | 2000 g/hectare | 88.52％ |
| A：B：C＝15：8：4 | 2000 g/hectare | 85.12％ |
| A：B：C＝10：6：3 | 2000 g/hectare | 82.89％ |
As can be seen from the field efficacy test results, the bactericide disclosed by the invention takes matrine, flax lignan and rosemary as active ingredients, can effectively prevent and treat potato late blight, and is safe to test crops in a pesticide application range.
It should be understood that the above examples are only for clarity of illustration and are not intended to limit the embodiments. Other variations and modifications will be apparent to persons skilled in the art in light of the above description. And are neither required nor exhaustive of all embodiments. And obvious variations or modifications therefrom are within the scope of the invention.
Claims (5)
1. The bactericide for preventing and treating potato late blight is characterized by comprising the following effective components in parts by mass: 3-8: 2-4 of matrine, flax lignan and rosemary.
2. The bactericide for preventing and treating potato late blight according to claim 1, which is characterized by comprising the following active ingredients in a mass ratio of 12: 5: 3 matrine, flax lignan and rosemary extract.
3. The bactericide for preventing and treating potato late blight according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the concentration of the active ingredient of the bactericide is 10-50mg/L when the bactericide is used for field control.
4. The use of the fungicide for controlling potato late blight according to any one of claims 1 to 3 in the field of control of potato late blight.
5. A method for controlling potato late blight, characterized by comprising a step of spraying the fungicide according to any one of claims 1 to 3 to soil at crop roots at the initial stage of crop disease.
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| CN103467463A (en) * | 2013-09-18 | 2013-12-25 | 南开大学 | Lignin derivatives as well as preparation method and use thereof |
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| CN103467463A (en) * | 2013-09-18 | 2013-12-25 | 南开大学 | Lignin derivatives as well as preparation method and use thereof |
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| Title |
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| 迷迭香酸对几种植物病原真菌的抗菌活性;郭道森等;《微生物学通报》;20040830;第31卷(第04期);71-76 * |
| 迷迭香酸的合成途径及药理作用研究进展;李玉龙等;《现代农业科技》;20161231(第23期);66-67 * |
| 迷迭香酸的药理学研究进展;周丹等;《中国新药杂志》;20110415;第20卷(第07期);594-598 * |
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