CN110076195A - A kind of reactor being percolated with the method and simulation soil nitrogen of straw-returning retention soil nitrogen - Google Patents
A kind of reactor being percolated with the method and simulation soil nitrogen of straw-returning retention soil nitrogen Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN110076195A CN110076195A CN201910492459.0A CN201910492459A CN110076195A CN 110076195 A CN110076195 A CN 110076195A CN 201910492459 A CN201910492459 A CN 201910492459A CN 110076195 A CN110076195 A CN 110076195A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- soil
- reactor
- nitrogen
- stalk
- returning
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09C—RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09C1/00—Reclamation of contaminated soil
- B09C1/002—Reclamation of contaminated soil involving in-situ ground water treatment
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09C—RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09C1/00—Reclamation of contaminated soil
- B09C1/10—Reclamation of contaminated soil microbiologically, biologically or by using enzymes
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N1/00—Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
- G01N1/02—Devices for withdrawing samples
- G01N1/10—Devices for withdrawing samples in the liquid or fluent state
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
- Soil Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Microbiology (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Biomedical Technology (AREA)
- Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
- Molecular Biology (AREA)
- Mycology (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Biotechnology (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Immunology (AREA)
- Pathology (AREA)
- Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of methods with straw-returning retention soil nitrogen.This method can significantly reduce nitrate nitrogen concentration in soil, prevent from seeping polluted underground water under Soil Nitrate.Method core is will to be mixed in a certain proportion after crops stalk crushing with soil, the certain soil depth in farmland is applied, provides carbon source, enhancing soil denitrification bacterium activity for soil indigenous microorganism, soil denitrification is promoted to act on simultaneously, to realize the effectively catching of soil nitrogen.In addition, stalk, which changes field, to be helped to increase soil fertility, crop yield is improved, reasonable returning to the field condition can also reduce the environmental risk that the soil pest and disease damage as caused by blindness straw-returning increases and soil texture changes.To verify method provided by the invention, the present invention also provides a kind of column reactors, probe into suitable for laboratory simulation soil nitrogen with the lower infiltration rule of rainfall, irrigation etc..The structure of reactor is simple, and occupied area is small, stable, is suitable for promoting in the test of laboratory scale.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to remediation contaminated soil field more particularly to a kind of methods for retaining soil nitrogen and simulation Soil Nitrogen
The lower reactor for seeping rule of element.
Background technique
In China, amount of application of nitrogen fertilizer over-standard phenomenon of ploughing is more universal, and excessive nitrate nitrogen is mainly by farming in soil
Species, which plant a large amount of applied nitrogens in the process, to be caused, and nitrate nitrogen is by modes such as leaching, runoff, volatilizations from Removed In Soil-crop System
Loss.NO in nitrogenous fertilizer3 -- N mainly passes through the approach such as precipitation, irrigation or rainwash and moves in phreatic water, by one
Sequence of transformations causes environmental pollution, endangers human health.Currently, China's Soil Nitrate pollution prevention measure has: science is applied
Fertilizer improves utilization rate of fertilizer；Rational Irrigation controls nitrogen loss；Conservation tillage improves soil environment；Apply slow release nitrogenous fertilizer
(nitrate nitrogen inhibitor), control nitrogen release.Wherein, straw-returning is as a kind of Conservation tillage, Shiqi Yang et al.
Having proven to, which can be used for, prevents dynamics of soil nitrate.
China is large agricultural country, and agricultural straw resource is abundant, however the non-standardized treatment such as burning make stalk resource tight
It wastes again, or even pollution environment.Straw-returning is considered rationally disposing stalk resource, and increases soil fertility, can
To provide advantage for the microorganism in soil, promote conversion of the inorganic fertilizer to organic nitrogen early period, later period slow release without
Machine nitrogen retains the nitrogen in soil, its lower infiltration polluted underground water is prevented, to generate good environmental benefit.However, current
Straw-returning technology obtains extensive scientific guidance not yet, and according to pervious report, blindly implementing straw-returning will lead to agriculture
The adverse effects such as field pest and disease damage increases, soil texture destroys.Therefore, straw-returning adds ratio, grinding particle size and returning to the field depth
Need the problem of being probed into Deng becoming.
Therefore, optimize straw-returning condition, promotion rationally and efficiently uses agricultural crop straw, to reduction soil, underground water nitre
It is significant that hydrochlorate pollutes environmental risk.
Summary of the invention
First aspect present invention is designed to provide a kind of straw-returning method for retaining soil nitrogen, is solving soil
While seeping polluted underground water problem under nitrate, scientific guidance is proposed to straw-returning technology.Many skills provided by the invention
Many technical effects elaboration as detailed below that optimal technical scheme in art scheme can be generated.
To achieve the above object, the present invention provides following technical schemes:
Before current year crops after stubble harvest, the volume of 1:1 will be less than after crops stalk crushing to 1-10cm with soil
Than mixing, using turn over or the agriculturals such as rotary tillage turn over bury method apply the certain soil depth in farmland (5-60cm), upper layer covering does not locate
Manage soil.On the one hand optimal conditions discharge the organic carbon in stalk sufficiently, supply soil indigenous microorganism nutriment, improve
Denitrification heterotrophic microorganism activity, promotes denitrification to carry out, and then accelerate soil nitrate-N conversion process, to realize soil
Nitrate is effectively stopped.On the other hand, stalk apply farmland after, acted on by Microorganism decomposing, be converted into a large amount of organic matters and
Quick-acting nutritious ingredient improves soil physico-chemical property, increases fertility.In this process, appropriate straw-returning adds ratio, crushes
Soil nutrient allocation proportion is adjusted in granularity and returning to the field depth, improves due to blindness straw-returning bring soil pest and disease damage
The problems such as.Rationally it can not only improve Soil Nitrate pollution problem using agricultural crop straw, moreover it is possible to solve rural area stalk not
Rationally disposition bring environmental problem, such as crop straw burning cause atmosphere pollution.
Optionally, the agricultural crop straws such as corn stover, wheat stalk or rice straw can be used in the stalk.
Correspondingly, the present invention also provides a kind of laboratory simulations to probe into soil nitrogen with the lower infiltration rule such as rainfall, irrigation
Reactor, comprising:
At the different height of column reactor and bottom has the layering percolate probe tube of the horizontally-arranged aperture in top and total
Probe tube.
The operational process for seeping regular reactor is probed under soil nitrogen in the laboratory simulation, after the completion of reactor filling,
Water flow is entered by spray above reactor, stands diafiltration, and percolate is arranged by Stratified Sampling pipe and column reactor bottom probe tube
Out.
The column reactor include device noumenon, soil packing layer, soil stalk mixed filler layer, buffering packing layer,
Rubber tube and water check valve.
The invention has the following beneficial effects: the present invention to provide a kind of method with straw-returning retention soil nitrogen, has
Effect prevents from increasing soil fertility while seeping polluted underground water under soil nitrate-N, and alleviates the increase of soil pest and disease damage, soil knot
The problem of structure changes.It is asked in addition, this method can also alleviate environmental pollution caused by the inappropriate disposition agricultural crop straw in rural area
Topic.
The reactor for seeping rule is probed under soil nitrogen the present invention also provides a kind of laboratory simulation, and there is layering percolate
Probe tube, collects different depth soil layer percolate and carries out composition measurement, and rule is seeped under nitrogen to analyze.
Detailed description of the invention
Figure of description Fig. 1 is that simulation probes into soil nitrogen with the lower reactor for seeping rule such as precipitation, irrigation in the present invention
Structural schematic diagram:
Label is illustrated as in Fig. 1: 1- percolate Stratified Sampling pipe, 2- water inlet, the total probe tube of 3-, and 4- obstructs orifice plate, 5-
Soil filled layer, 6- soil stalk mixing filled layer, 7- buffer fillings layer.
Specific embodiment
Technical solution of the present invention is further elaborated below with reference to examples and drawings.
A kind of application method retention soil nitrogen described in claim 1, principle includes following procedure:
Stalk is crushed to after 1-10cm and is mixed with soil with being less than 1:1 stalk soil volume ratio, applies agriculture by the first process
After the certain soil depth in field (5-60cm), as decay process carries out, it is converted into humus and is scattered in soil, nutriment is rich
Richness promotes denitrifying microorganism increased activity, the NO in soil3 -- N is converted into NO2 -- N, and temporary accumulation.
Second process, the NO in soil3 -After-N conversion approaches completely, NO2 -- N is converted under the action of denitrifying microorganism
For NO, N2O is eventually converted into N as reaction carries out2Discharge into air.
Laboratory probes into claim 1 the method and mainly passes through the progress of column reactor described in claim 5, as schemed institute
Show.Soil, stalk soil mixture, quartz sand are filled in respectively in the corresponding filled layer of column reactor, certain soil is kept
Under Water Content Conditions, excessive nitrogenous fertilizer is applied, and periodically uniform Air washer, the percolate for collecting different depth carries out soil
Nitrate measurement.Denitrifying bacterium is accelerated under conditions of nutriment abundance to nitrate at soil stalk mixed layer
Conversion, so that nitrate concentration reduces in different depth soil leaching liquid.The preferred service condition of column reactor is straw
Stalk powder particle diameter 1-10cm, stalk soil mixing ratio are less than 1:1, returning to the field soil depth 5-60cm.
In conclusion the method for the present invention realizes the barrier of Soil Nitrate by straw-returning, soil not only can effectively prevent
Groundwater azotate pollution caused by earth nitrate nitrogen leaching, while avoiding blindly implementing the increasing of soil pest and disease damage caused by straw-returning
The secondary problem such as add, moreover it is possible to alleviate problem of environmental pollution caused by the inappropriate disposition agricultural crop straw in rural area.In addition, this hair
The agricultural wastes straw that bright method uses is cheap, yield is big, source is wide.Therefore, method provided by the invention being capable of letter
Just, effectively stop under Soil Nitrate and seep polluted underground water.
Specifically, the present invention has a characteristic that
1, the present invention, which realizes, rationally utilizes agricultural crop straw, alleviates unreasonable burning to a certain extent or landfill stalk is made
At environmental problem.
2, the present invention is applied to provide carbon source by the decomposition of stalk in the soil in practice for edaphon, effectively cuts
The nitrate in soil is stayed, the environmental risk of groundwater azotate pollution is reduced, while being conducive to increase soil fertility.
3, it while present invention retention Soil Nitrate, is effectively relieved and blindly implements soil issues caused by straw-returning,
Such as pest and disease damage increases, soil texture destroys.
4, the method for the present invention is easy to operate, low in cost, raw material is easy to get.
Therefore, the present invention solves the problems, such as to seep polluted underground water under soil excess nitrate, reaches retention soil nitric acid
The effect of salt, while soil fertility is promoted, reduction blindness implementation straw-returning increases to caused soil pest and disease damage problem and soil
The problems such as earth structure is destroyed.
For a further understanding of the present invention, technical solution provided by the invention is carried out specifically below with reference to embodiment
Bright, protection scope of the present invention is not limited by the following examples.
Embodiment 1
It if specification describes, selects nitric acid synthesis salt contaminated soil for experimental subjects, soil is mixed into corn stover postposition
In conical flask, soil moisture content about 60% is kept, treatment effect is measured by sampling after 7 days in sealing reaction.Under the above conditions, native
After earth reaction, nitrate nitrogen concentration reduces by 81.2%.
Embodiment 2
It is a kind of to probe under soil nitric nitrogen the reactor for seeping rule as shown in Figure of description, it is filled out according to device attached drawing
Soil, corn stover and quartz sand are filled, configuration nitric acid salt water is uniformly sprayed into reactor by initial soil moisture content 100%,
It is spaced 2 days simulation irrigations, precipitation leaching 1 time, coreaction 7 days.
Under the above conditions, it collects percolate and measures nitrate nitrogen concentration, after measured, percolate nitrate nitrogen is reduced
33%.
Detailed description is had been carried out to a specific embodiment of the invention and feature above, but is lived in actual production
In, it is optimized or is improved on this basis is feasible to those skilled in the art.Therefore, without departing from this
These modifications or improvements on the basis of spirit, fall within the scope of the claimed invention.
Claims (9)
1. a kind of method with straw-returning retention soil nitrogen, which is characterized in that after crops stalk crushing to 1-10cm
It is mixed, is applied the certain soil depth in farmland (5-60cm), stalk is rotten in soil environment with the volume ratio less than 1:1 with soil
Solution provides carbon source for soil indigenous microorganism, and enhancing soil denitrification bacterium activity promotes soil denitrification effect, to promote soil
The conversion of earth nitrate nitrogen reduces the environmental risk that polluted underground water is seeped under nitrate.In addition, the stalk added helps to increase
Soil fertility improves crop yield.The soil nitrogen refers mainly to nitrate nitrogen.
2. the method according to claim 1, wherein the agricultures such as corn big with yield, at low cost, wheat and rice
Crop material is added as soil denitrification carbon source.
3. the method according to claim 1, wherein with adaptable farmland indigenous microorganism directly as anti-
Nitrifier.
4. the method according to claim 1, wherein with specific stalk powder particle diameter, stalk soil mixed volume
Than and add depth optimization straw-returning condition.
5. simulation soil nitrogen is probed into the lower reactor for seeping rule such as rainfall, irrigation in a kind of laboratory, which is characterized in that have
It is layered percolate probe tube, and horizontally-arranged aperture above probe tube.
6. reactor according to claim 5, which is characterized in that the material of reactor is this stabilizing material of organic glass
Material.
7. reactor according to claim 5, which is characterized in that the method for operation of described device includes: reactor filling
After the completion, water flow is entered by spray above reactor, stands diafiltration, and percolate is taken by Stratified Sampling pipe and column reactor bottom
The discharge of sample pipe.
8. reactor according to claim 5, which is characterized in that the column reactor includes that device noumenon, soil are filled out
The bed of material, soil stalk mixed filler layer, buffering packing layer, rubber tube and water check valve.
9. reactor according to claim 5, which is characterized in that quartz sand and cobblestone can be used in the buffering packing layer
Equal materials are filled.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201910492459.0A CN110076195A (en) | 2019-06-06 | 2019-06-06 | A kind of reactor being percolated with the method and simulation soil nitrogen of straw-returning retention soil nitrogen |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201910492459.0A CN110076195A (en) | 2019-06-06 | 2019-06-06 | A kind of reactor being percolated with the method and simulation soil nitrogen of straw-returning retention soil nitrogen |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN110076195A true CN110076195A (en) | 2019-08-02 |
Family
ID=67423818
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201910492459.0A Pending CN110076195A (en) | 2019-06-06 | 2019-06-06 | A kind of reactor being percolated with the method and simulation soil nitrogen of straw-returning retention soil nitrogen |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN110076195A (en) |
Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101492206A (en) * | 2009-03-09 | 2009-07-29 | 合肥工业大学 | Method for in situ restoring groundwater azotate pollution with corn stalk |
| CN102491536A (en) * | 2011-12-16 | 2012-06-13 | 河南工业大学 | Method for in-situ or ex-situ remediation of groundwater nitrate pollution by utilization of wheat straws |
| CN103766035A (en) * | 2014-01-09 | 2014-05-07 | 太仓市金诸农业发展有限公司 | Method for efficiently returning straw to field |
| CN204214854U (en) * | 2014-08-15 | 2015-03-18 | 杭州师范大学 | Native fish device |
| CN206638655U (en) * | 2017-04-18 | 2017-11-14 | 湖南科技大学 | It is a kind of can Stratified Sampling static leaching device |
-
2019
- 2019-06-06 CN CN201910492459.0A patent/CN110076195A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101492206A (en) * | 2009-03-09 | 2009-07-29 | 合肥工业大学 | Method for in situ restoring groundwater azotate pollution with corn stalk |
| CN102491536A (en) * | 2011-12-16 | 2012-06-13 | 河南工业大学 | Method for in-situ or ex-situ remediation of groundwater nitrate pollution by utilization of wheat straws |
| CN103766035A (en) * | 2014-01-09 | 2014-05-07 | 太仓市金诸农业发展有限公司 | Method for efficiently returning straw to field |
| CN204214854U (en) * | 2014-08-15 | 2015-03-18 | 杭州师范大学 | Native fish device |
| CN206638655U (en) * | 2017-04-18 | 2017-11-14 | 湖南科技大学 | It is a kind of can Stratified Sampling static leaching device |
Non-Patent Citations (2)
| Title |
|---|
| 安丰华等: "秸秆还田研究进展", 《土壤与作物》 * |
| 白人朴等: "《玉米收获机械化在山东的创新与发展》", 31 August 2008, 济南：山东省地图出版社 * |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| McLaughlin et al. | Phosphorus cycling in wheat pasture rotations. I. The source of phosphorus taken up by wheat | |
| Xu et al. | Effects of organic manure application with chemical fertilizers on nutrient absorption and yield of rice in Hunan of Southern China | |
| CN103626610B (en) | A kind of Biologic organic bamboo charcoal fertilizer and production method thereof | |
| CN100360475C (en) | Organic-inorganic compound fertilizer with active compost as base material | |
| CN109181704A (en) | A kind of heavy metal-polluted soil and organic contamination renovation agent and its preparation and application method | |
| CN104919931A (en) | Saline land improvement method | |
| CN107695088A (en) | The method that As Cd combined pollution agricultural land soils are repaired using super enriching plant biomass carbon combined system | |
| CN105123008A (en) | Method assembling straw biochar with microbe bacteria fertilizer so as to improve saline land | |
| CN105085040B (en) | A kind of biological compound fertilizer for promoting crop root growth and preparation method thereof | |
| CN1301310C (en) | Saline-alkali land improving and fertilizing agent and its preparation method | |
| CN101817702A (en) | Special bio-organic fertilizer for peaches and preparation method thereof | |
| CN102795934A (en) | Method and device for manufacturing microbial compound fertilizers | |
| CN106995704A (en) | A kind of renovation agent, its preparation method and the method with its restoration of soil polluted by heavy metal | |
| CN106433661A (en) | Composite microbial organosilicon liquid soil repairing agent for degrading pesticide and heavy metal residues, and preparation method thereof | |
| CN107094391A (en) | A kind of alkaline land improving technique | |
| CN108059569A (en) | A kind of ecology organic type soil conditioner and preparation method thereof | |
| CN102452859B (en) | Karst shrub revetment nutrition substrate made by utilizing dregs of decoction and preparation method thereof | |
| CN106631545A (en) | Manufacturing method of fertilizer for lowering salt content of saline alkali soil | |
| CN109517749A (en) | A kind of soil improvement microbial inoculum and application | |
| CN108998042A (en) | Farmland soil heavy metals contaminated soil conditioner and preparation method thereof is repaired in passivation | |
| CN115156285B (en) | Soil pollution treatment method based on plant physiology and physical regulation | |
| CN110076195A (en) | A kind of reactor being percolated with the method and simulation soil nitrogen of straw-returning retention soil nitrogen | |
| CN105665430A (en) | Cultivation method for copper weeds for treating copper contaminated soil | |
| CN106497571A (en) | A kind of saline-alkali soil conditioner | |
| CN109503259A (en) | A kind of chili special-purpose fertilizer and preparation method thereof |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| RJ01 | Rejection of invention patent application after publication | ||
| RJ01 | Rejection of invention patent application after publication |
Application publication date: 20190802 |