CN102491536A - Method for in-situ or ex-situ remediation of groundwater nitrate pollution by utilization of wheat straws - Google Patents
Method for in-situ or ex-situ remediation of groundwater nitrate pollution by utilization of wheat straws Download PDFInfo
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- CN102491536A CN102491536A CN2011104229919A CN201110422991A CN102491536A CN 102491536 A CN102491536 A CN 102491536A CN 2011104229919 A CN2011104229919 A CN 2011104229919A CN 201110422991 A CN201110422991 A CN 201110422991A CN 102491536 A CN102491536 A CN 102491536A
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Abstract
A method for in-situ or ex-situ remediation of groundwater nitrate pollution by utilization of wheat straws is characterized in that wheat straws and/or pretreatment products of the wheat straws are taken as denitrification carbon source, and under the action of denitrifying bacteria flora, the contaminant (namely, nitrate nitrogen) in groundwater is removed through biological denitrification. The method provided by the invention has the advantages that on one hand, wheat straws and other agricultural waste are recycled, and on the other hand, nitrate pollution of groundwater can be eliminated. The invention belongs to the field of application of water treatment technology; carbon source does not need to be supplemented additionally; a biological treatment unit is simplified; the method can be used for in-situ remediation as well as for building an extraction type ex-situ remediation reactor; and the reaction rate is high, and less secondary pollution is caused.
Description
Technical field
The original position that the present invention relates to nitrate nitrogen in the water belongs to the Application Areas of water technology or/and dystopy removal method.The present invention is characterized in that with wheat stalk or/and its pre-treatment product as denitrifying carbon source, under the effect of denitrifying bacterium flora, is removed the pollutent nitric nitrogen in the underground water through biological denitrification.The present invention does not need extra liquid make-up carbon source, and biological processing unit is simplified, and can be used for the original position reparation, can set up the pull-out type dystopy yet and repair reactor drum, and speed of response is fast, and secondary pollution is few.
Technical background
Apply the appearance with mass artificial fixed nitrogen movable (like technical azotification) in a large number along with modern agriculture synthetic nitrogenous fertilizer; Nitrogen fixing capacity is far longer than the ability of denitrification (denitrogenation) on the earth, causes water body nitrate to pollute thereby nitrogen mobile balance is moved to the underground water direction.Because nitrate salt is to all harm of humans and animals, many countries and The World Health Organization (WHO) all are that the content of nitrate salt in the tap water has been formulated standard.The existing standard formulation of The World Health Organization (WHO) is in 1984, is 10mg NO to the directive standard of nitrate nitrogen content in the tap water
3 --N/L, proposed standard is 5mgNO
3 --N/L.EPA (EPA) standard in 1985 is 10mg NO
3 --N/L.NO in drinking water sanitary standard (GB5749-2006) the regulation tap water of the new revision of China
3 --N should not surpass 10mg/L.
Worldwide, the azotate pollution situation is very serious.In U.S.'s most of areas, the nitrate nitrogen in underground water concentration of about 10%-25% has surpassed 10mg/L.The east of Britain and southern areas nitrate nitrogen in underground water concentration reach 33.87-45.16mg/L.The agricultural well nitrate nitrogen concentration of Germany about 50% surpasses 13.54mg/L.China is large agricultural country, nitrogenous fertilizer year usage quantity account for 30% of world's total amount, become chemical fertilizer YO and the maximum country of usage quantity at present, under such background, China's groundwater azotate pollution problem is serious day by day.According on April 21st, 2005; China's groundwater resource of the up-to-date announcement of China Geological Survey Bureau and environmental surveys achievement show: China's shallow ground water resource pollution is commonplace; Pollution is to a certain degree suffered in the area of whole nation shallow ground water nearly 50%; Have the groundwater pollution of half city proper more serious approximately, quality of groundwater is on a declining curve.At present, the denitrating technique of comparative maturity can be divided into physics method, biological process and chemical reduction method.The physics method mainly comprises absorption method, ion exchange method and membrane separation process.Compare with other physico-chemical processes, the biological denitrification method has two outstanding advantages, and the one, realized the conversion of nitrate nitrogen, can make it thoroughly be reduced to nitrogen, avoided secondary pollution; The 2nd, strong to raw water quality flexibility, as long as the operating parameter adjustment is suitably, can make nitrate nitrogen innoxious fully targetedly.It is higher that biological denitrification technology preliminary engineering drops into expense, but working cost is more economical than other method, is fit to very much the large-scale water treatment of giving, and therefore worldwide obtained the most widely and used.
Carbon is being played the part of important role as the bioelement of microorganism growth in denitrification process.Heterotrophic denitrification need add organism as carbon source, and liquid carbon source commonly used has organic substances such as methyl alcohol, ethanol, acetate, glucose, and solid carbon source has sawdust, newspaper etc., and organic end product is CO in the heterotrophic denitrification
2And H
2O, a part of carbon becomes the component of bacterium through the assimilation denitrification simultaneously.
Wheat is the north China staple crops, and tradition adopts open fire to handle wheat stalk, not only pollutes ambient atmosphere, and the farmland destroyed beneficiating ingredient and microorganism species wherein because of burning, also is the waste of biomass energy-wheat stalk simultaneously.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is based on above technical background, the method for utilizing wheat stalk original position or dystopy to repair groundwater azotate pollution of the strong and economically valuable of a kind of feasibility is provided, both can the innoxious use wheat stalk, can reduce azotate pollution again.
Know-why of the present invention is to utilize wheat stalk or its pre-treatment product to be the heterotrophic denitrification carbon source; Set up in-situ denitrification wall/dystopy denitrification reactor; Add and be rich in the bacterial solution of denitrifying bacterium, remove the nitrate pollutants in the water through biological action original position/dystopy.
For realizing above-mentioned purpose, the present invention takes following technical scheme:
Come water or go out on the water route in-situ denitrification wall can be set at the underground water that receives azotate pollution, the filling wheat stalk or/and its pre-treatment product as denitrifying carbon source.
The wheat stalk that is adopted at first was cut into the segment of 1-5cm before pre-treatment, kibbler capable of using afterwards is subsequent use with its pulverizing.
Described wheat stalk and/or its pre-treatment product are meant and utilize cellulase wheat stalk tentatively to be hydrolyzed into the solid product and the hydrolyzed solution of glucose or other monose; Simultaneously; Pretreatment process also comprises the quick-fried method of vapour; Wet oxidation, ultrasonic, microwave assisting method and chemical method (promptly utilizing rare acid-base solution to carry out Chemical Pretreatment).
The bacterial solution that is rich in denitrifying bacterium that is added can derive from sludge of sewage treatment plant; Be rich in the bottom sludge such as soil, wetland, river, river, lake, ditch of mikrobe; Can be through adding the water distribution of simulation nitrate salt, nutritive substance and organic carbon source enrichment culture domestication denitrifying bacteriums such as N, P.
Described in-situ denitrification wall can be by wheat stalk or/and its pre-treatment product and a certain proportion of sand, cellulase, denitrifying bacterium solution mixing are constructed, wherein: wheat stalk is or/and its pre-treatment product and sand weight ratio are 0.2-1; The mikrobe addition is 0.1-1g/g (dry straw); The amount of adding cellulase is 10-50U/g (dry straw).
The present invention also can set up the dystopy denitrification reactor, specifically is contaminated underground water is extracted out, sets up batch-type or continuous reactor, polluted water body is carried out denitrification handle, and after disposing, water is recharged or waters such as qualified discharge confession greening, view.The denitrification device can adopt various ways, like reaction kettle, and reactive tank, fixed bed, expanded bed, fluidized-bed and membrane bioreactor etc.Simultaneously, the dystopy denitrification reactor can be organized the parallel connection use to enlarge its processing power more.
Reactor drum domestic demand of the present invention with wheat stalk or/and its pre-treatment product and a certain proportion of carrier, cellulase, the filling of denitrifying bacterium solution mixing; Wherein: carrier comprises activated carbon granule, multiporous biological ball, expanded beads etc., and wheat stalk is or/and its pre-treatment product is 0.2-1 with the vehicle weight ratio; The mikrobe addition is 0.1-5g/g (dry straw); The amount of adding cellulase is 10-50U/g (dry straw).If adopt the membrane bioreactor form, can cancel the filling carrier, in reactor drum, add wheat stalk or/and its pre-treatment product cellulase, denitrifying bacterium solution, effluent adopting micro-filtrate membrane filtration, pore size filter are 0.1-0.8 μ m.
Compared with present technology, the advantage that the present invention gives prominence to is: biological processing unit is simplified, easy handling, and floor space is little, can realize the original position reparation of groundwater azotate pollution.Simultaneously, wheat stalk is northern country area staple crops, wide material sources; Cheap and easy to get, through stalk is carried out pre-treatment, the method for adding cellulase makes the easier hydrolysis of Mierocrystalline cellulose, semicellulose and xylogen of wheat stalk utilized by bacterium; In addition, wheat stalk and/or its pre-treatment product belong to solid carbon source, compare than the liquid carbon source; Stripping COD is lower, can effectively avoid secondary pollution.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 in-situ denitrification wall synoptic diagram
Fig. 2 dystopy denitrification reactor synoptic diagram
Reference numeral:
Fig. 1: 1. sea line; 2. denitrogenation wall; 3. conversion zone; 4. water inlet current; 5. water outlet current
Fig. 2: 1. inlet flume; 2. intake pump; 3. denitration reaction post; 4. water outlet
Embodiment
Come water and go out to be provided with on the water route wheat stalk reaction wall at certain serious farmland district underground water of azotate pollution, wherein: wheat stalk is 0.5 with its pre-treatment product and sand weight ratio; The mikrobe addition is 0.5g/g (dry straw); The addition of cellulase is 40U/g (dry straw), and water inlet nitrate nitrogen content is 40mg/L, and behind the thick reaction wall of the mixed 20cm that fills out of sand and wheat stalk, water outlet nitric nitrogen concentration is reduced to 5mg/L.
Set up the dystopy denitrification reactor, be cylindric, filling wheat stalk in the post, the mikrobe addition is 1g/g (dry straw); The addition of cellulase is 30U/g (dry straw), and water inlet nitrate nitrogen content is 30mg/L, the reactor lower part water inlet; The top water outlet, the reactor start-up time is 20 days, when hydraulic detention time is 2h; Water outlet nitric nitrogen concentration is reduced to 3mg/L, does not detect nitrite anions in the water outlet.
Claims (7)
1. utilize wheat stalk original position or dystopy to repair the method for groundwater azotate pollution; It is characterized in that with wheat stalk or/and its pre-treatment product as denitrifying carbon source; Under the effect of denitrifying bacterium flora, through the pollution of nitric nitrogen in biological denitrification original position or the dystopy reparation underground water.
2. wheat stalk according to claim 1 and/or its pre-treatment product have following preparation method: at first wheat stalk is cut into the segment of 1-5cm; Kibbler capable of using is afterwards pulverized it; Utilize cellulase that it tentatively is hydrolyzed into the solid product and the hydrolyzed solution of glucose or other monose, simultaneously, pretreatment process also comprises the quick-fried method of vapour; Wet oxidation, ultrasonic, microwave assisting method and chemical method (promptly utilizing rare acid-base solution to carry out Chemical Pretreatment).
3. can derive from sludge of sewage treatment plant according to right 1 described denitrifying bacterium flora; Be rich in the bottom sludge such as soil, wetland, river, river, lake, ditch of mikrobe; Can be through adding the water distribution of simulation nitrate salt, nutritive substance and organic carbon source enrichment culture domestication denitrifying bacteriums such as N, P.
4. original position according to claim 1 is repaired the method for groundwater azotate pollution; It is characterized in that coming water or go out the in-situ denitrification wall is set on the water route at the underground water that receives azotate pollution, the filling wheat stalk or/and its pre-treatment product as denitrifying carbon source.
5. can be according to right 4 described in-situ denitrification walls by wheat stalk or/and its pre-treatment product and a certain proportion of sand, cellulase, denitrifying bacterium solution mixing are constructed, wherein: wheat stalk is or/and its pre-treatment product and sand weight ratio are 0.2-1; The mikrobe addition is 0.1-5g/g (dry straw); The addition of cellulase is 10-50U/g (dry straw).
6. dystopy according to claim 1 is repaired the method for groundwater azotate pollution; Specifically be that contaminated underground water is extracted out, set up batch-type or continuous reactor, polluted water body is carried out denitrification handle; After disposing, water is recharged or waters such as qualified discharge confession greening, view; The denitrification device can adopt various ways, like reaction kettle, and reactive tank, fixed bed, expanded bed, fluidized-bed and membrane bioreactor etc.
7. dystopy according to claim 6 is repaired the groundwater azotate pollution reactor drum; Needing it is characterized in that mixing filling wheat straw stalk or/and its pre-treatment product and a certain proportion of carrier, cellulase and denitrifying bacterium solution; Wherein: carrier comprises activated carbon granule, multiporous biological ball, expanded beads etc., and wheat stalk is or/and its pre-treatment product is 0.2-1 with the vehicle weight ratio; The mikrobe addition is 0.1-1g/g (dry straw); The addition of cellulase is 10-50U/g (dry straw).
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Cited By (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102976484A (en) * | 2012-11-05 | 2013-03-20 | 沈阳建筑大学 | Method for removing nitrates in underground water through utilizing rice straws and entrapping denitrifying bacteria |
| CN103172228A (en) * | 2013-03-01 | 2013-06-26 | 同济大学 | In-situ repair method of bottom mud in city watercourse |
| CN103224286A (en) * | 2013-04-09 | 2013-07-31 | 清华大学 | Ecological barrier column and method for removing underground subsurface flow pollution |
| CN103359895A (en) * | 2013-08-06 | 2013-10-23 | 山东建筑大学 | Tandem-type removing method for oxidative pollutants in shallow groundwater |
| CN104556349A (en) * | 2014-12-11 | 2015-04-29 | 浙江海洋学院 | Raw water biological pretreatment process with exogenous plant nutrition enrichment function |
| CN104628225A (en) * | 2015-01-09 | 2015-05-20 | 张玉兰 | Treatment method of ammonia-nitrogen-containing industrial wastewater |
| CN110076195A (en) * | 2019-06-06 | 2019-08-02 | 陈方鑫 | A kind of reactor being percolated with the method and simulation soil nitrogen of straw-returning retention soil nitrogen |
| CN111333203A (en) * | 2020-03-25 | 2020-06-26 | 北京城市排水集团有限责任公司 | Ecological slow-release carbon source and preparation method and application thereof |
| CN115818823A (en) * | 2022-11-22 | 2023-03-21 | 北京建筑大学 | Sewage remediation device and application |
| CN117105410A (en) * | 2023-09-28 | 2023-11-24 | 深圳市佳耀生态环保科技有限公司 | Composite carbon source for sewage treatment and preparation method thereof |
Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101492206A (en) * | 2009-03-09 | 2009-07-29 | 合肥工业大学 | Method for in situ restoring groundwater azotate pollution with corn stalk |
-
2011
- 2011-12-16 CN CN2011104229919A patent/CN102491536A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101492206A (en) * | 2009-03-09 | 2009-07-29 | 合肥工业大学 | Method for in situ restoring groundwater azotate pollution with corn stalk |
Cited By (12)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102976484A (en) * | 2012-11-05 | 2013-03-20 | 沈阳建筑大学 | Method for removing nitrates in underground water through utilizing rice straws and entrapping denitrifying bacteria |
| CN103172228A (en) * | 2013-03-01 | 2013-06-26 | 同济大学 | In-situ repair method of bottom mud in city watercourse |
| CN103172228B (en) * | 2013-03-01 | 2014-04-02 | 同济大学 | In-situ repair method of bottom mud in city watercourse |
| CN103224286A (en) * | 2013-04-09 | 2013-07-31 | 清华大学 | Ecological barrier column and method for removing underground subsurface flow pollution |
| CN103359895A (en) * | 2013-08-06 | 2013-10-23 | 山东建筑大学 | Tandem-type removing method for oxidative pollutants in shallow groundwater |
| CN103359895B (en) * | 2013-08-06 | 2014-08-27 | 山东建筑大学 | Tandem-type removing method for oxidative pollutants in shallow groundwater |
| CN104556349A (en) * | 2014-12-11 | 2015-04-29 | 浙江海洋学院 | Raw water biological pretreatment process with exogenous plant nutrition enrichment function |
| CN104628225A (en) * | 2015-01-09 | 2015-05-20 | 张玉兰 | Treatment method of ammonia-nitrogen-containing industrial wastewater |
| CN110076195A (en) * | 2019-06-06 | 2019-08-02 | 陈方鑫 | A kind of reactor being percolated with the method and simulation soil nitrogen of straw-returning retention soil nitrogen |
| CN111333203A (en) * | 2020-03-25 | 2020-06-26 | 北京城市排水集团有限责任公司 | Ecological slow-release carbon source and preparation method and application thereof |
| CN115818823A (en) * | 2022-11-22 | 2023-03-21 | 北京建筑大学 | Sewage remediation device and application |
| CN117105410A (en) * | 2023-09-28 | 2023-11-24 | 深圳市佳耀生态环保科技有限公司 | Composite carbon source for sewage treatment and preparation method thereof |
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Application publication date: 20120613 |