CN110075230A - 一种治疗手足口病的喷剂及其制备方法 - Google Patents
一种治疗手足口病的喷剂及其制备方法 Download PDFInfo
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- CN110075230A CN110075230A CN201910488908.4A CN201910488908A CN110075230A CN 110075230 A CN110075230 A CN 110075230A CN 201910488908 A CN201910488908 A CN 201910488908A CN 110075230 A CN110075230 A CN 110075230A
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种治疗手足口病的喷剂及其制备方法,该喷剂旨在解决现有治疗手足口病的药剂作用慢,导致治疗时间长,严重影响幼儿家庭生活的技术问题;该喷剂原料包括艾草、连翘、茵陈、金银花、葛根、蒲公英、狗尾草、甘草、贯众、油茶果壳、茶皂甙、利巴韦林、阿昔洛韦。其制备方法是通过炖煮和提取,分别将部分原料中的成分提取出来,再通过与茶皂甙等其他原料分阶段的混合,使其中的各种成分有机的融合在一起。通过该喷剂能较大地缩短手足口病的治疗周期,保证幼儿家庭的健康生活。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于手足口病的预防和治疗领域,具体涉及一种治疗手足口病的喷剂及其制备方法。
背景技术
手足口病是由肠道病毒引起的传染病,引发手足口病的肠道病毒有20多种,其中以柯萨奇病毒A16型和肠道病毒71型最为常见。手足口病多发生于5岁以下儿童,其感染途径包括消化道,呼吸道及接触传播,其普通病例表现为:急性起病,发热、口痛、厌食、口腔黏膜出现散在疱疹或溃疡,位于舌、颊黏膜及硬腭等处为多,也可波及软腭,牙龈、扁桃体和咽部;手、足、臀部、臂部、腿部出现斑丘疹,后转为疱疹,疱疹周围可有炎性红晕,疱内液体较少,手足部较多,掌背面均有,皮疹数少则几个多则几十个,消退后不留痕迹,无色素沉着,部分病例仅表现为皮疹或疱疹性咽峡炎,多在一周内痊愈,预后良好,部分病例皮疹表现不典型,如单一部位或仅表现为斑丘疹。其重症病例表现为:少数病例(尤其是小于3岁者)病情进展迅速,在发病1-5天左右出现脑膜炎、脑炎(以脑干脑炎最为凶险)、脑脊髓炎、肺水肿、循环障碍等,极少数病例病情危重,可致死亡,存活病例可留有后遗症。
手足口病若有并发症时,需同时进行治疗;而若无并发症,则主要为对症治疗即可。但目前针对手足口病,缺乏针对性并能有效治疗该症的药物;在现有技术的治疗中,一般为先进行消毒隔离,并对口腔内疱疹及溃疡面进行涂药处理,再服用抗病毒及清热解毒的药物,和补充维生素B、C等。但使用这种方式药效发挥较慢,导致治疗时间长,严重影响家庭的正常生活,所以,针对这种幼儿高发的手足口病,亟需研发一种治疗周期短的作用物。
发明内容
(1)要解决的技术问题
针对现有技术的不足,本发明的目的在于提供一种治疗手足口病的喷剂及其制备方法,该喷剂旨在解决现有治疗手足口病的药剂作用慢,导致治疗时间长,严重影响幼儿家庭生活的技术问题;通过该喷剂能较大地缩短手足口病的治疗周期,保证幼儿家庭的健康生活。
(2)技术方案
为了解决上述技术问题,本发明提供了这样一种治疗手足口病的喷剂,按重量份数计,原料的组分配比包括:
艾草1000-1200份,连翘80-100份,茵陈200-240份,金银花150-200份,葛根200-250份,蒲公英100-120份,狗尾草100-130份,甘草140-160份,贯众100-120份,油茶果壳500-600份,茶皂甙20-25份,利巴韦林10-16份,阿昔洛韦8-10份。
针对本技术方案治疗手足口病喷剂的配方成分,其分别的成分、价值及其他介绍如下。
艾草属于农村常见的一种植物,因为艾草的适应性非常强,所以全国各地的农村都有分布,但是艾草在不同地区的名称不同,在河北称为祁艾,在江西和江苏称为艾蓬,在福建、广东称为五月艾,在湖北、湖南被称为野艾,在云南被称为火艾。艾草的用法有两种,一种是煎煮熬汤饮用,一种是做成艾绒用于艾灸使用。艾草有些多功效,具体包括有:1.驱蚊,艾草因为有一种特殊的香味,这种香味具有良好的驱蚊效果;2.平喘、镇咳,艾草对人或者动物具有止咳作用;3.散寒除湿,艾草属于温性药物,艾草对人或者动物可以散寒除湿,;4.抗菌、抗病毒,艾草具有抗菌和抗病毒作用,包括手足口病和流感等病毒性疾病。
茵陈属管状花目,菊科,牛至属植物蒿经冬不死,春则因陈根而生,故名因陈或茵陈,其可全草入药,可预防流感,治中暑、感冒、头痛身重、腹痛、呕吐、胸膈胀满、气阻食滞、小儿食积腹胀、腹泻、月经过多、崩漏带下、皮肤搔痒及水肿等症,其散热发表功用,尤胜于薄荷。
金银花又名忍冬,金银花自古被誉为清热解毒的良药。它性甘寒气芳香,甘寒清热而不伤胃,芳香透达又可祛邪,金银花既能宣散风热,还善清解血毒,用于各种热性病,如身热、发疹、发斑、热毒疮痈、咽喉肿痛等症,均效果显著。
葛根为豆科植物野葛的干燥根,习称野葛。其甘、辛,凉,有解肌退热,透疹,生津止渴,升阳止泻之功。常用于表证发热,项背强痛,麻疹不透,热病口渴,阴虚消渴,热泻热痢,脾虚泄泻。
蒲公英属多年生草本植物,其具有清热解毒、止咳润肺、抑菌杀菌等作用,对人或者动物的感冒、气管炎、肺炎的预防与治疗有些很好的疗效。
狗尾草为旱地作物常见的一种杂草,其秆、叶可作饲料,也可入药,治痈瘀、面癣;全草加水煮沸20分钟后,滤出液可喷杀菜虫;小穗可提炼糠醛。
甘草素有“国老”的称号,可调和诸药,解百毒,相对其它中药甘草的价格也是非常便宜。甘草可用于脾胃虚弱,倦怠乏力,心悸气短,咳嗽痰多,脘腹、四肢挛急疼痛,痈肿疮毒,缓解药物毒性、烈性。
贯众又名两色鳞毛蕨,在中国是比较常见和熟知的一种蕨类植物,药材基源为鳞毛蕨科植物两色鳞毛蕨的根茎,用于时邪感、偏热者、发热重、恶寒轻、头痛、头晕等。
油茶果壳中提取的鞣质具收敛性,内服可用于治疗胃肠道出血,溃疡和水泻等症;外用于创伤、灼伤,可使创伤后渗出物中蛋白质凝固,形成痂膜,可减少分泌和防止感染,鞣质能使创面的微血管收缩,有局部止血作用。
至于本技术方案治疗手足口病喷剂中的其他成分,如连翘、茶皂甙、利巴韦林、阿昔洛韦,都有其明确的作用,在此就不再一一列举了。
优选地,按重量份数计,原料的组分配比包括:
艾草1100份,连翘90份,茵陈220份,金银花180份,葛根220份,蒲公英110份,狗尾草120份,甘草150份,贯众110份,油茶果壳560份,茶皂甙22份,利巴韦林14份,阿昔洛韦9份。
本优选的配方喷剂通过特异性地成分比例,使各种成分更加科学合理地进行有机融合,这样可以进一步优化喷剂治疗手足口病的效果,进而最大限度地缩短治疗周期。
本发明还提供了这样一种治疗手足口病喷剂的制备方法,该方法用于制作上述的喷剂,制备的具体步骤为:
步骤一、按原料配比,分别称取艾草、连翘、茵陈、金银花、葛根,将其切段并混合均匀,再将其加入到艾草、连翘、茵陈、金银花、葛根五者混合物总质量25-29倍的水中,对其进行沸煮80-100分钟,之后将其冷却并滤除水中的渣滓,得到提取液一;
步骤二、按原料配比,分别称取蒲公英、狗尾草、甘草、贯众,将其切段并混合均匀,再将其加入到蒲公英、狗尾草、甘草、贯众四者混合物总质量20-23倍的水中,在温度为90-100℃下对其进行炖煮4-5小时,之后将其冷却并滤除水中的渣滓,得到提取液二;
步骤三、按原料配比,称取油茶果壳,将其加入到油茶果壳质量0.5-3倍的乙醇水溶液中,乙醇水溶液的体积分数为50-85%,在室温下50-500W超声处理1-5小时,之后过滤,滤液经大孔树脂吸附,并用体积分数为40-65%的乙醇水溶液洗脱,且在50-65℃下0.01-0.1MPa减压干燥处理3-6小时,得油茶果壳鞣质的提取液三;
步骤四、将提取液一、提取液二、提取液三混合均匀,并向其中加入茶皂甙,再通过真空脱泡搅拌使其充分混合均匀,之后再加入利巴韦林和阿昔洛韦进行搅拌混合均匀,即得到治疗手足口病的喷剂。
优选地,在步骤一中,按原料配比,分别称取艾草、连翘、茵陈、金银花、葛根,将其切段并混合均匀,再将其加入到艾草、连翘、茵陈、金银花、葛根五者混合物总质量27倍的水中,对其进行沸煮90分钟,之后将其冷却并滤除水中的渣滓,得到提取液一。
优选地,在步骤二中,按原料配比,分别称取蒲公英、狗尾草、甘草、贯众,将其切段并混合均匀,再将其加入到蒲公英、狗尾草、甘草、贯众四者混合物总质量22倍的水中,在温度为95℃下对其进行炖煮4.5小时,之后将其冷却并滤除水中的渣滓,得到提取液二。
优选地,在步骤三中,按原料配比,称取油茶果壳,将其加入到油茶果壳质量1-2倍的乙醇水溶液中,乙醇水溶液的体积分数为75%,在室温下300W超声处理3小时,之后过滤,滤液经非极性的大孔树脂吸附,并用体积分数为50%的乙醇水溶液洗脱,且在60℃下0.05-0.08MPa减压干燥处理4.5小时,得油茶果壳鞣质的提取液三。
通过上述发明技术方案制备得到的治疗手足口病喷剂可直接将其制得气雾喷剂,即为手足口病喷剂气雾剂,使用者可以非常方便快捷地对相关部位的溃疡处或生活用品进行喷洒,提高使用的便利性,同时也可以利用其功效,从而实现对手足口病的预防。
(3)有益效果
与现有技术相比,本发明的有益效果在于:
1.本发明治疗手足口病的喷剂利用艾草、连翘、茵陈、金银花、葛根、蒲公英、狗尾草、甘草、贯众各自植物内所含成分杀菌、抗病毒、消炎活血、调节肠胃等特性,并通过提取得到的油茶果壳鞣质,利用其可治身体内部出血、溃疡和水泻、创伤、灼伤的效果,结合其对创伤后渗出物中蛋白质凝固,形成痂膜的作用,可有效地防止手足口病的感染,再科学量化地配合茶皂甙、利巴韦林、阿昔洛韦,结合其消毒杀菌、消炎活血的功效,从而在成分性质及功能上,使各者上形成协同互补;一方面,这样大大提升了喷剂对手足口病治疗的综合药效,实现了对手足口病针对性地直接治疗,从而极大地缩短了手足口病的治疗周期;另一方面,通过其成分中消炎活血、抗病毒的特性,结合其消毒杀菌的功效,还可利用其进行手足口病间接的防治。
2.本发明治疗手足口病喷剂的制备方法通过分阶段的炖煮,先通过特定时间和水量的沸煮,将艾草、连翘、茵陈、金银花、葛根中相应的成分提取出来,再通过特定温度等条件的炖煮,将蒲公英、狗尾草、甘草、贯众中相应的成分提取出来,又利用特定条件的提取得到油茶果壳鞣质,即分别通过最适宜的条件,将相应原料的成分最适宜的提取出来,结合茶皂甙、利巴韦林、阿昔洛韦,且通过分阶段的提取和混合,使其中的各种成分有机的融合在一起,实现互相功能的优化,从而强化了喷剂对手足口治疗的综合药效。
总体而言,该喷剂能较大地缩短手足口病的治疗周期,保证幼儿家庭的健康生活。
具体实施方式
为使本发明实现的技术手段、创作特征、达成目的与功效易于明白了解,下面对本发明具体实施方式中的技术方案进行清楚、完整的描述,以进一步阐述本发明,显然,所描述的具体实施方式仅仅是本发明的一部分实施方式,而不是全部的样式。
实施例1
本具体实施方式为制备治疗手足口病的喷剂,具体步骤为:
步骤一、分别称取1.2kg的艾草、80g的连翘、200g的茵陈、150g的金银花、250g的葛根,将其切段并混合均匀,再将其加入到47kg的水中,对其进行沸煮80分钟,之后将其冷却并滤除水中的渣滓,得到提取液一;
步骤二、分别称取100g的蒲公英、100g的狗尾草、160g的甘草、120g的贯众,将其切段并混合均匀,再将其加入到9.6kg的水中,在温度为100℃下对其进行炖煮4小时,之后将其冷却并滤除水中的渣滓,得到提取液二;
步骤三、称取500g的油茶果壳,将其加入到150g的乙醇水溶液中,乙醇水溶液的体积分数为85%,在室温下50W超声处理5小时,之后过滤,滤液经非极性的大孔树脂吸附,并用体积分数为40%的乙醇水溶液洗脱,且在65℃下0.01-0.3MPa减压干燥处理3小时,得油茶果壳鞣质的提取液三;
步骤四、将提取液一、提取液二、提取液三混合均匀,并向其中加入20g的茶皂甙,再通过真空脱泡搅拌使其充分混合均匀,之后再加入16g的利巴韦林和10g的阿昔洛韦进行搅拌混合均匀,即得到治疗手足口病的喷剂样品一,其后,为了便于后续对喷剂使用,直接经充氮灌装得到气雾剂灌,即为治疗手足口病的喷剂气雾剂。
实施例2
本具体实施方式为制备治疗手足口病的喷剂,具体步骤为:
步骤一、分别称取1.1kg的艾草、90g的连翘、220g的茵陈、180g的金银花、220g的葛根,将其切段并混合均匀,再将其加入到49kg的水中,对其进行沸煮90分钟,之后将其冷却并滤除水中的渣滓,得到提取液一;
步骤二、分别称取110g的蒲公英、120g的狗尾草、150g的甘草、110g的贯众,将其切段并混合均匀,再将其加入到11kg的水中,在温度为95℃下对其进行炖煮4.5小时,之后将其冷却并滤除水中的渣滓,得到提取液二;
步骤三、称取560g的油茶果壳,将其加入到0.84kg的乙醇水溶液中,乙醇水溶液的体积分数为75%,在室温下300W超声处理3小时,之后过滤,滤液经非极性的大孔树脂吸附,并用体积分数为50%的乙醇水溶液洗脱,且在60℃下0.05-0.08MPa减压干燥处理4.5小时,得油茶果壳鞣质的提取液三;
步骤四、将提取液一、提取液二、提取液三混合均匀,并向其中加入22g的茶皂甙,再通过真空脱泡搅拌使其充分混合均匀,之后再加入14g的利巴韦林和9g的阿昔洛韦进行搅拌混合均匀,即得到治疗手足口病的喷剂样品二,其后,为了便于后续对喷剂使用,直接经充氮灌装得到气雾剂灌,即为治疗手足口病的喷剂气雾剂。
实施例3
本具体实施方式为制备治疗手足口病的喷剂,具体步骤为:
步骤一、分别称取1kg的艾草、100g的连翘、240g的茵陈、200g的金银花、200g的葛根,将其切段并混合均匀,再将其加入到50kg的水中,对其进行沸煮100分钟,之后将其冷却并滤除水中的渣滓,得到提取液一;
步骤二、分别称取120g的蒲公英、130g的狗尾草、140g的甘草、100g的贯众,将其切段并混合均匀,再将其加入到11kg的水中,在温度为90℃下对其进行炖煮5小时,之后将其冷却并滤除水中的渣滓,得到提取液二;
步骤三、称取600g的油茶果壳,将其加入到1.8kg的乙醇水溶液中,乙醇水溶液的体积分数为50%,在室温下500W超声处理1小时,之后过滤,滤液经非极性的大孔树脂吸附,并用体积分数为65%的乙醇水溶液洗脱,且在50℃下0.08-0.1MPa减压干燥处理6小时,得油茶果壳鞣质的提取液三;
步骤四、将提取液一、提取液二、提取液三混合均匀,并向其中加入25g的茶皂甙,再通过真空脱泡搅拌使其充分混合均匀,之后再加入10g的利巴韦林和8g的阿昔洛韦进行搅拌混合均匀,即得到治疗手足口病的喷剂样品三。
效果测试
取实施例1-3分别制得的治疗手足口病喷剂样品一、样品二、样品三,分别对其使用效果进行测定。
(1)抑菌效果测定:采用抑菌环法进行抑菌效果检测,所用菌株为糠秕马拉色菌标准菌株,培养基为琼脂培养基,样品添加量为1%,37℃培养24h。
(2)患者使用效果评价:随机选取20名患有手足口病的幼儿试验者,该20名患有手足口病的幼儿年龄均为3-4岁,身体情况相当,将其分为4组,每组5人。针对第一组,每日五次在患病幼儿的溃疡处或生活用品进行喷洒实施例1制得的治疗手足口病喷剂样品一,喷洒量为正常湿润表面即可,连续喷洒直至患病幼儿痊愈;针对第二组,每日五次在患病幼儿的溃疡处或生活用品进行喷洒实施例2制得的治疗手足口病喷剂样品二,喷洒量为正常湿润表面即可,连续喷洒直至患病幼儿痊愈;针对第三组,每日五次在患病幼儿的溃疡处或生活用品进行喷洒实施例3制得的治疗手足口病喷剂样品三,喷洒量为正常湿润表面即可,连续喷洒直至患病幼儿痊愈;针对第四组,则使用现今市面上普通市售用于治疗手足口病的涂药处理,再补充维生素B、C,连续使用直至患病幼儿痊愈。观察四组幼儿试验者的治疗情况,并统计治疗的治愈速度,并结合各组的对比观察,对各样品进行综合评价。
针对抑菌效果测定的实验结果见表1,通过结果可以看出,实施例1-3分别制得的治疗手足口病喷剂样品一、样品二、样品三均具有较强的抗菌性,结合其成分的特性可以推知,其具有较强的杀菌和抗病毒效果,可有效地防止手足口病的感染。
表1、实施例1-3制得治疗手足口病喷剂的使抑菌效果
样品组别 | 抑菌圈直径(mm) |
样品一 | 22.4±1.4 |
样品二 | 23.7±1.1 |
样品三 | 22.9±1.5 |
针对患手足口病的幼儿试验者,其使用效果评价的实验结果见表2,通过结果可以看出,实施例1-3分别制得的治疗手足口病喷剂样品一、样品二、样品三确实能较大地缩短手足口病的治疗周期。
表2、实施例1-3制得治疗手足口病喷剂的使用效果评价
样品组别 | 平均治愈周期 |
组别一 | 4.2天 |
组别二 | 3.8天 |
组别三 | 4.8天 |
组别四 | 6.4天 |
以上描述了本发明的主要技术特征和基本原理及相关优点,对于本领域技术人员而言,显然本发明不限于上述示范性具体实施方式的细节,而且在不背离本发明的构思或基本特征的情况下,能够以其他的具体形式实现本发明。因此,无论从哪一点来看,均应将上述具体实施方式看作是示范性的,而且是非限制性的,本发明的范围由所附权利要求而不是上述说明限定,因此旨在将落在权利要求的等同要件的含义和范围内的所有变化囊括在本发明内。
此外,应当理解,虽然本说明书按照各实施方式加以描述,但并非每个实施方式仅包含一个独立的技术方案,说明书的这种叙述方式仅仅是为清楚起见,本领域技术人员应当将说明书作为一个整体,各实施方式中的技术方案也可以经适当组合,形成本领域技术人员可以理解的其他实施方式。
Claims (6)
1.一种治疗手足口病的喷剂,其特征在于,按重量份数计,原料的组分配比包括:
艾草1000-1200份,连翘80-100份,茵陈200-240份,金银花150-200份,葛根200-250份,蒲公英100-120份,狗尾草100-130份,甘草140-160份,贯众100-120份,油茶果壳500-600份,茶皂甙20-25份,利巴韦林10-16份,阿昔洛韦8-10份。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种治疗手足口病的喷剂,其特征在于,按重量份数计,原料的组分配比包括:
艾草1100份,连翘90份,茵陈220份,金银花180份,葛根220份,蒲公英110份,狗尾草120份,甘草150份,贯众110份,油茶果壳560份,茶皂甙22份,利巴韦林14份,阿昔洛韦9份。
3.一种治疗手足口病喷剂的制备方法,其特征在于,该方法用于制备如权利要求1或2所述的一种治疗手足口病的喷剂,制备的具体步骤为:
步骤一、按原料配比,分别称取艾草、连翘、茵陈、金银花、葛根,将其切段并混合均匀,再将其加入到艾草、连翘、茵陈、金银花、葛根五者混合物总质量25-29倍的水中,对其进行沸煮80-100分钟,之后将其冷却并滤除水中的渣滓,得到提取液一;
步骤二、按原料配比,分别称取蒲公英、狗尾草、甘草、贯众,将其切段并混合均匀,再将其加入到蒲公英、狗尾草、甘草、贯众四者混合物总质量20-23倍的水中,在温度为90-100℃下对其进行炖煮4-5小时,之后将其冷却并滤除水中的渣滓,得到提取液二;
步骤三、按原料配比,称取油茶果壳,将其加入到油茶果壳质量0.5-3倍的乙醇水溶液中,乙醇水溶液的体积分数为50-85%,在室温下50-500W超声处理1-5小时,之后过滤,滤液经大孔树脂吸附,并用体积分数为40-65%的乙醇水溶液洗脱,且在50-65℃下0.01-0.1MPa减压干燥处理3-6小时,得油茶果壳鞣质的提取液三;
步骤四、将提取液一、提取液二、提取液三混合均匀,并向其中加入茶皂甙,再通过真空脱泡搅拌使其充分混合均匀,之后再加入利巴韦林和阿昔洛韦进行搅拌混合均匀,即得到治疗手足口病的喷剂。
4.根据权利要求3所述的一种治疗手足口病喷剂的制备方法,其特征在于,在步骤一中,按原料配比,分别称取艾草、连翘、茵陈、金银花、葛根,将其切段并混合均匀,再将其加入到艾草、连翘、茵陈、金银花、葛根五者混合物总质量27倍的水中,对其进行沸煮90分钟,之后将其冷却并滤除水中的渣滓,得到提取液一。
5.根据权利要求3所述的一种治疗手足口病喷剂的制备方法,其特征在于,在步骤二中,按原料配比,分别称取蒲公英、狗尾草、甘草、贯众,将其切段并混合均匀,再将其加入到蒲公英、狗尾草、甘草、贯众四者混合物总质量22倍的水中,在温度为95℃下对其进行炖煮4.5小时,之后将其冷却并滤除水中的渣滓,得到提取液二。
6.根据权利要求3所述的一种治疗手足口病喷剂的制备方法,其特征在于,在步骤三中,按原料配比,称取油茶果壳,将其加入到油茶果壳质量1-2倍的乙醇水溶液中,乙醇水溶液的体积分数为75%,在室温下300W超声处理3小时,之后过滤,滤液经非极性的大孔树脂吸附,并用体积分数为50%的乙醇水溶液洗脱,且在60℃下0.05-0.08MPa减压干燥处理4.5小时,得油茶果壳鞣质的提取液三。
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