CN110067267B - Indoor simulation experiment device and method for rotary-spraying steel pipe combined pile loaded with multiple modes - Google Patents
Indoor simulation experiment device and method for rotary-spraying steel pipe combined pile loaded with multiple modes Download PDFInfo
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- CN110067267B CN110067267B CN201910397990.XA CN201910397990A CN110067267B CN 110067267 B CN110067267 B CN 110067267B CN 201910397990 A CN201910397990 A CN 201910397990A CN 110067267 B CN110067267 B CN 110067267B
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- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 219
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 219
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 21
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 19
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 title claims description 8
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 137
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 69
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 63
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 21
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- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000010705 motor oil Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910000754 Wrought iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
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- 230000002708 enhancing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005389 magnetism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002787 reinforcement Effects 0.000 description 1
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- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
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Abstract
The invention discloses an experimental device and an experimental method for simulating and loading various load modes in a rotary spraying steel pipe combined pile chamber, wherein the device comprises a steel bar for simulating a miniature steel pipe pile, a cement soil pile for simulating a rotary spraying pile and a shell, and strain gauges are attached to the side surfaces of the steel bar and the cement soil pile; the vertical compression-resistant loading assembly is composed of a compression bar, a pressing block, a first inhaul cable, a balance weight, a force guide block, a transition support, a pressure sensor and a first transition steel plate; the key of the method is as follows: the pressure sensor acquires pressure load, the dial indicator acquires descending displacement, and then a pile top pressing load and displacement curve is acquired; each strain gauge arranged on the side surface of the steel bar can obtain stress strain values of different depths on the interface of the steel bar and the cement-soil pile; the strain gauges arranged on the side surfaces of the cement soil piles can obtain stress strain values of different depths on the interface of the cement soil piles and soil bodies around the piles. The device and the method can simulate the stress-strain condition of two interfaces, have small size and are convenient to place indoors.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of pile foundation loading tests in civil engineering, in particular to an experimental device and method for simulating and loading multiple load modes in a combined chamber of a jet grouting pile and a miniature steel pipe pile.
Background
The combined body of the jet grouting pile and the miniature steel pipe pile is a new pile foundation form appearing in foundation reinforcement treatment engineering, is called a jet grouting steel pipe combined pile for short in the application, and is mainly used for preventing and controlling building settlement and correcting deviation. The construction process is approximately that the cement high-pressure jet grouting pile is constructed firstly, and the miniature steel pipe pile is inserted after initial setting. The rotary spraying steel pipe combined pile is formed by combining two different pile types, and the force transmission mechanism of the rotary spraying steel pipe combined pile is naturally different from that of the traditional pile type, so that loads in multiple directions need to be loaded on the rotary spraying steel pipe combined pile to measure various parameters such as vertical displacement, horizontal displacement and stress strain values of measuring points at different depths on interfaces of different pile types under different load modes, a model is built, the working mechanism and the stress performance of the rotary spraying steel pipe combined pile are comprehensively analyzed, and a basis is provided for subsequent actual construction and design application.
The conventional thought for carrying out the load loading experiment is to carry out the simulation of a construction site, namely, a reaction frame is arranged on the ground, jacks are arranged in the forward direction and the reverse direction, the jacks are driven to apply downward force or upward force to the upper end of the miniature steel pipe pile, or the jacks are arranged in the horizontal direction to provide horizontal thrust to the pile side of the miniature steel pipe pile, a dial indicator is arranged on a gauge stand arranged on the ground, and a contact of the dial indicator is abutted against the pile top or the pile side, so that the vertical displacement, the horizontal displacement and the like are obtained; and before inserting the steel pipe pile into the initial set cement soil, firstly pasting a plurality of strain gauges on each height of the surface of the steel pipe pile, thus, after applying load, the tester can convert stress values of different heights on the interface of the micro steel pipe pile and the jet grouting pile according to the strain values of each measuring point, and analyze and convert numerical values such as side friction resistance, bending moment and the like based on the stress values of different heights, thereby establishing an integral model.
However, the simulation experiment of the construction site has the following defects: firstly, the above experiment can only obtain the stress-strain condition on the interface of the steel pipe pile and the jet grouting pile, but the stress-strain condition on the interface of the jet grouting pile and the soil body cannot be obtained due to the difficulty in laying the strain gauge, the data acquisition of the stress-strain is incomplete, the subsequent models such as the pile body stress distribution curve and the pile body axial force distribution curve established from the above are naturally incomplete, and the working mechanism of the stress transmission is difficult to accurately reflect. In addition, in field experiments, the pile body has large size, complex experimental environment, poor experimental conditions and complex and labor-consuming operation.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problem of providing an experimental device which can simulate the stress-strain conditions of the interface of a steel pipe pile and a jet grouting pile and the interface of the jet grouting pile and a soil body, is reduced in overall size, is convenient to place indoors, and is convenient to operate.
The invention provides an experimental device for simulating and loading various load modes in a disrotatory spraying steel pipe combined pile chamber,
it comprises a steel bar for simulating a miniature steel pipe pile, a cement-soil pile for simulating a jet grouting pile and a shell with an opening at the upper part,
a plurality of strain gauges are attached to the side surface of the steel bar, and a plurality of strain gauges are also attached to the side surface of the cement-soil pile;
the shell consists of four steel side plates and a bottom plate, a steel upright is arranged on the left steel side plate, a pressure rod is hinged on the steel upright, a pressing block is arranged in the middle section of the pressure rod, and a transverse adjusting device is arranged between the pressure rod and the pressing block; a through hole is formed in the non-hinged end of the pressure lever, a first inhaul cable is arranged on the through hole, and a balance weight is arranged at the bottom end of the first inhaul cable;
the experimental device also comprises a force guide block, wherein the force guide block is connected with the steel side plate through a transition bracket for adjusting the horizontal position of the force guide block; the top surface of the force guide block is provided with an upper hemisphere which is used for abutting against the pressing block, and the bottom of the force guide block is provided with a lower hemisphere;
the top of the steel bar is detachably connected with a first transition steel plate, and a pressure sensor used for abutting against the lower hemisphere is placed on the first transition steel plate; a magnetic meter frame is adsorbed on the steel side plate, a vertical dial indicator is arranged on the magnetic meter frame, and a contact of the dial indicator is pressed on the first transition steel plate;
the compression bar, the pressing block, the first inhaul cable, the balance weight, the force guide block, the transition support, the pressure sensor and the first transition steel plate form a vertical compression loading assembly.
The invention aims to solve the technical problem of providing an experimental method for simulating the indoor stress-strain conditions of the interface of the steel pipe pile and the jet grouting pile and the interface of the jet grouting pile and the soil body, reducing the overall size, facilitating indoor arrangement and convenient operation of the jet grouting steel pipe combined pile.
The invention provides another technical solution for providing an experimental method for indoor simulation of a disrotatory spraying steel pipe combined pile, which comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps of splitting a PVC pipe in half and smearing engine oil on the inner wall of the pipe, filling stirred cement soil into the PVC pipe split in half, sticking a plurality of strain gauges to the side surface of a steel bar, burying a steel bar main body into the cement soil and extending out the cement soil from the top end of the steel bar, reclosing the two PVC pipes split in half, vibrating and maintaining, removing a mold after the cement soil is dry and hard, sticking a plurality of strain gauges to the side surface of a cement soil pile, and forming a cement soil pile-steel bar combination;
laying a sand cushion layer in the shell and filling soft soil, then digging a vertical hole in the soft soil, putting the cement-soil pile-steel bar combination into the vertical hole, filling sand into a gap between the vertical hole and the cement-soil pile, then placing a pressing plate on the surface of the soft soil, and vertically pressing the pressing plate to compact the soft soil;
a dial indicator and a vertical compression-resistant loading assembly are installed on the shell, and a vertical compression load is applied to the shell;
the pressure sensor can acquire the pressure load of the cement soil pile-steel bar combination, the dial indicator can acquire the descending displacement of the cement soil pile-steel bar combination, and the two parameters are reported to the main controller for data processing, so that a pile top pressing load and displacement curve is obtained;
each strain gauge arranged on the side surface of the steel bar can obtain stress strain values of different depths on the interface of the steel bar and the cement-soil pile; the strain gauges arranged on the side surfaces of the cement soil piles can obtain stress strain values of different depths on the interface of the cement soil piles and soil bodies around the piles.
Compared with the prior art, the experimental device and the method for simulating the indoor rotary spraying steel pipe combined pile have the following remarkable advantages and beneficial effects.
Firstly, successfully realizing indoor simulation of the large-size jet grouting pile-miniature steel pipe pile combination by using the small-size cement-soil pile-steel bar combination, particularly improving the strength and the performance of the cement-soil pile by increasing the water-cement ratio, enabling the strength and the performance of the cement-soil pile to be close to the mechanical performance of the jet grouting pile to a great extent, and selecting the solid steel bar with the strength and the hardness close to those of the miniature steel pipe pile to further ensure the rationality and the accuracy of the simulation; moreover, the whole size of the assembly is greatly reduced, the assembly is convenient to place indoors, and the operation is convenient; moreover, the strain gauge can be attached to the side surface of the dry and hard cement-soil pile, so that the defect that the stress-strain condition of the interface of the cement-soil pile and the soil body cannot be known in the prior art is overcome, that is, the stress-strain conditions of the steel bar and the cement-soil pile as well as the two interfaces of the cement-soil pile and the soil body around the pile can be comprehensively sensed, the complete data acquisition is ensured, so that a complete pile body stress distribution curve and a pile body axial force distribution curve model of the two interfaces are continuously established, and the mechanism of the stress transmission of the pile body is further reflected more perfectly; moreover, the transverse positions of the pressing block and the force guide block can be adjusted, the pressing block and the force guide block can be firmly positioned after being adjusted in place, the pressing block and the force guide block are positioned right above the steel bar, and the pressure is stably transmitted vertically and downwards under any condition due to the existence of the upper hemisphere and the lower hemisphere of the force guide block; the problem that the steel bar is too small in size and the jack cannot be loaded is solved, so that the vertical load can accurately and stably act on a circular surface with the diameter of 10mm at the top end of the steel bar, and the reading of the pressure sensor can accurately reflect the actual pressure load of the assembly; and the first transition steel sheet on the magnetism table frame and the rod iron top of addding ensures the decline displacement volume that the percentage table can accurate reaction assembly, and the later stage of being convenient for acquires accurate pile bolck load and the displacement curve that sinks.
The transverse adjusting device between the pressing rod and the pressing block is preferably characterized in that a first transverse long hole is formed in the middle section of the pressing rod, the pressing block is provided with a first round hole, and the pressing block and the pressing rod are locked through a bolt penetrating through the first transverse long hole and the first round hole; therefore, the transverse position of the pressing block can be easily adjusted by loosening the bolt, the pressing block is ensured to be positioned right above the steel bar, the transverse position of the pressing block can be locked by screwing the bolt, and the instability of the pressing block is avoided.
The transition support is preferably selected to comprise two transition beams and two screw rods, an end plate is welded at each end of each transition beam, each end plate is provided with a second round hole, the left steel side plate is provided with two corresponding second transverse long holes, the right steel plate is also provided with two corresponding second transverse long holes, and each end plate and the side steel plate at the same side are locked through bolts penetrating through the second transverse long holes and the second round holes; two third transverse long holes are formed in each transition beam, and two ends of each screw rod penetrate through the two third transverse long holes of the two transition beams and are locked by nuts; the two screw rods and the two transition beams form a # -shape, and a square frame in the middle of the # -shape hoops the force guide block; therefore, the x-direction positions and the distance between the two end plates and the two transition beams can be flexibly adjusted through the second transverse long holes and the bolts, the y-direction positions and the distance between the two screw rods can be flexibly adjusted through the third transverse long holes and the screw rods of the transition beams, the two screw rods and the two transition beams form a # -shape, the inner openings of the two screw rods and the two transition beams clamp the force guide block, and meanwhile, the adjustment of the transverse position of the force guide block is also realized.
Preferably, the experimental device comprises a second cable;
a steel upright post is also arranged on the right steel side plate, a third round hole is formed in the top end of the steel upright post, a fourth round hole is formed in the right section of the pressing rod, the pressing rod is horizontally arranged, the right section of the pressing rod and the right steel upright post are locked through bolts penetrating through the third round hole and the fourth round hole, and a side fixed pulley is screwed in a through hole in the right end of the pressing rod;
a first transverse long hole in the middle section of the pressure rod is connected with a central fixed pulley through a bolt, a movable pulley is arranged below the first transverse long hole, the head end of a main section of a second inhaul cable is fixed with the first transverse long hole, the main section of the second inhaul cable sequentially bypasses the movable pulley, the central fixed pulley and an edge side fixed pulley, the tail end of the main section of the second inhaul cable is provided with a tension sensor, and the tension sensor is connected with a balance weight through an auxiliary section of the second inhaul cable;
the top of the steel bar is detachably connected with a second transition steel plate, and a hanging piece hooked with the movable pulley is arranged on the second transition steel plate; the contact of the dial indicator is pressed on the second transition steel plate;
the second inhaul cable, the side fixed pulley, the central fixed pulley, the movable pulley, the balance weight, the tension sensor and the second transition steel plate form a vertical anti-pulling loading assembly.
The operation process of the experimental device is as follows:
a vertical uplift loading assembly is installed on the shell, and vertical uplift load is applied to the vertical uplift loading assembly;
twice of the reading of the tension sensor is the uplift force load of the cement soil pile-steel bar combination, the dial indicator can acquire the uplift displacement of the cement soil pile-steel bar combination, and the two parameters are reported to the main controller for data processing, so that an uplift load and displacement curve of the pile top is obtained;
each strain gauge arranged on the side surface of the steel bar can obtain stress strain values of different depths on the interface of the steel bar and the cement-soil pile; the strain gauges arranged on the side surfaces of the cement soil piles can obtain stress strain values of different depths on the interface of the cement soil piles and soil bodies around the piles.
The device and the method have the advantages that: the existing first transverse long hole is used for installing a central fixed pulley, the existing through hole at the right end of the pressure lever is used for installing an edge fixed pulley, and the existing magnetic meter frame and the dial indicator are used for enhancing the structural utilization rate and achieving two purposes; the pulley block is reasonably arranged, the transverse position of the central fixed pulley is adjusted by utilizing the first transverse long hole, the movable pulley is positioned right above the steel bar, vertical upward pulling is ensured, so that the accurate measurement of the tension sensor is ensured, and the tension load is doubled by utilizing the movable pulley; the difficult problem of applying pull-up load to the top of the small-size steel bar is perfectly solved.
Preferably, the experimental device further comprises a third cable, a fourth cable and a fifth cable;
a steel upright post is respectively connected with an upper dial indicator and a lower dial indicator in the horizontal direction through an upper magnetic gauge frame and a lower magnetic gauge frame, contacts of the upper dial indicator and the lower dial indicator are respectively fixed with the head ends of a third inhaul cable and a fourth inhaul cable, and the tail ends of the third inhaul cable and the fourth inhaul cable are sleeved on a steel bar through rope sleeves;
the other steel upright post is provided with a vertical long hole, the vertical long hole is connected with a reversing fixed pulley through a bolt, the head end of the main section of the fifth inhaul cable is sleeved on the steel bar through a rope sleeve, the main section of the fifth inhaul cable bypasses the reversing fixed pulley, the tail end of the main section of the fifth inhaul cable is provided with a tension sensor, and the tension sensor is connected with the balance weight through the auxiliary section of the fifth inhaul cable;
the third inhaul cable, the fourth inhaul cable, the fifth inhaul cable, the reversing fixed pulley, the tension sensor and the counterweight form a horizontal loading assembly.
The operation process of the experimental device is as follows: an upper dial indicator, a lower dial indicator and a horizontal loading assembly are installed on the shell, and transverse tensile load is applied to the shell;
the tension sensor can acquire the transverse tension load of the cement soil pile-steel bar combination, the upper dial indicator can acquire the upper horizontal displacement of the top of the steel bar, the lower dial indicator can acquire the lower horizontal displacement of the upper section of the steel bar, and the three parameters are reported to the main controller for data processing, so that a horizontal load and pile body deflection angle curve is obtained;
each strain gauge arranged on the side surface of the steel bar can obtain stress strain values of different depths of a compression side and a tension side on the interface of the steel bar and the cement-soil pile; the strain gauges arranged on the side surfaces of the cement soil piles can obtain stress strain values of different depths of a tension side and a compression side on an interface between the cement soil piles and soil bodies around the piles.
The device and the method have the advantages that: two dial indicators with different heights and the inhaul cable are utilized to accurately measure two specific horizontal displacement amounts of the upper part and the lower part, the average value of the two displacement amounts is the average horizontal displacement amount of the combination body, and the horizontal difference and the height difference of the two displacement amounts are divided to obtain the deflection angle of the steel bar so as to obtain a horizontal load and deflection angle curve; the structure perfectly solves the problem of horizontal loading of the steel bar with small size.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic front view of a vertical compressive loading assembly of the experimental apparatus of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is an exploded view of the vertical compression loading assembly of the experimental set-up of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a front view of a vertical anti-pulling loading assembly of the experimental apparatus of the present invention.
FIG. 4 is a schematic front view of the horizontal loading assembly of the experimental apparatus of the present invention.
Shown in the figure are 1, a steel bar, 2, a cement soil pile, 3, a shell, 3.1, a steel side plate, 4, a steel upright post, 5, a pressure rod, 6, a pressure block, 7, a through hole, 8, a first cable, 9, a balance weight, 10, a force guide block, 11, an upper hemisphere, 12, a lower hemisphere, 13, a first transition steel plate, 14, a first transverse long hole, 15, a first round hole, 16, a transition beam, 17, a screw, 18, an end plate, 19, a second round hole, 20, a second transverse long hole, 21, a third transverse long hole, 22, a second cable, 23, a third round hole, 24, a fourth round hole, 25, a side fixed pulley, 26, a central fixed pulley, 27, a movable pulley, 28, a tension sensor, 29, a second transition steel plate, 30, a hanging piece, 31, a dial indicator, 32, a cable third, 33, a fourth, 34, a fifth transition steel plate, 35, a magnetic meter frame, 36, a vertical long hole, 37, a fixed pulley, 38. an internally threaded sleeve, 39, a pressure sensor.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described with reference to the following figures and specific examples.
As shown in fig. 1, 2, 3 and 4, the experimental device for simulating and loading various load modes in a chamber of a rotary spraying steel pipe composite pile comprises a steel bar 1 for simulating a micro steel pipe pile, a cement soil pile 2 for simulating a rotary spraying pile and a shell 3 with an opening at the upper part.
The side of the steel bar 1 is pasted with a plurality of strain gauges, and the side of the cement-soil pile 2 is also pasted with a plurality of strain gauges.
The shell 3 is composed of four steel side plates 3.1 and a bottom plate, a steel upright post 4 is arranged on the left steel side plate 3.1, and the steel upright post 4 can also be fixed on the right, front and rear steel side plates 3.1. Articulated on this steel stand 4 have depression bar 5, and the non-hinged end of depression bar 5 is equipped with via hole 7, is equipped with first cable 8 on the via hole 7, and 8 bottoms of first cable are equipped with counter weight 9. A pressing block 6 is arranged in the middle section of the pressing rod 5, and a transverse adjusting device is arranged between the pressing rod 5 and the pressing block 6; specifically, a first transverse long hole 14 is formed in the middle section of the pressure rod 5, the pressing block 6 is provided with a first round hole 15, and the pressing block 6 and the pressure rod 5 are locked through a bolt penetrating through the first transverse long hole 14 and the first round hole 15.
The experimental device further comprises a force guide block 10, an upper hemisphere 11 used for abutting against the pressing block 6 is arranged on the top surface of the force guide block 10, and a lower hemisphere 12 is arranged at the bottom of the force guide block 10. The force guide block 10 is connected with the left steel side plate 3.1 and the right steel side plate 3.1 through a transition bracket for adjusting the horizontal position of the force guide block 10. Specifically, the transition support comprises two transition beams 16 and two screws 17, two ends of each transition beam 16 are respectively welded with an end plate 18, each end plate 18 is provided with a second round hole 19, the left steel side plate 3.1 is provided with two corresponding second transverse long holes 20, the right steel plate is also provided with two corresponding second transverse long holes 20, and each end plate 18 and the side steel plate on the same side are locked by bolts penetrating through the second transverse long holes 20 and the second round holes 19; each transition beam 16 is provided with two third transverse long holes 21, and two ends of each screw rod 17 penetrate through the two third transverse long holes 21 of the two transition beams 16 and are locked by nuts; the two screws 17 and the two transition beams 16 form a # -shape, and the square frame in the center of the # -shape hoops the force guide block 10. Of course, the transition bracket can also be connected with the front steel side plate 3.1 and the rear steel side plate 3.1.
1 top detachable connection of rod iron has first transition steel sheet 13, and specific theory, 1 top of rod iron is equipped with the external screw thread, and 13 bottom surfaces of first transition steel sheet have welded internal thread sleeve 38, and internal thread sleeve 38 closes with 1 top external screw thread of rod iron soon.
A pressure sensor 39 used for abutting against the lower hemisphere 12 is placed on the first transition steel plate 13; the steel side plate 3.1 is adsorbed with the magnetic meter frame 35, the magnetic meter frame 35 is provided with a vertical dial indicator 31, and a contact of the dial indicator 31 is pressed on the first transition steel plate 13.
The compression bar 5, the pressing block 6, the first inhaul cable 8, the balance weight 9, the force guide block 10, the transition support, the pressure sensor 39 and the first transition steel plate 13 form a vertical compression loading assembly.
The experimental setup also includes a second pull cable 22.
Also be equipped with a steel stand 4 on the right steel curb plate 3.1, this steel stand 4 top is equipped with third round hole 23, and the right side section of depression bar 5 is equipped with fourth round hole 24, and 5 levels of depression bar set up and 5 right sides sections of depression bar and right side steel stand 4 through the bolt locking that passes third round hole 23 and fourth round hole 24, and the via hole 7 spiro union of 5 right-hand members of depression bar has avris fixed pulley 25.
The first transverse long hole 14 in the middle section of the pressure lever 5 is connected with a central fixed pulley 26 through a bolt, a movable pulley 27 is arranged below the first transverse long hole 14, the head end of the main section of the second inhaul cable 22 is fixed with the first transverse long hole 14, the main section of the second inhaul cable 22 sequentially bypasses the movable pulley 27, the central fixed pulley 26 and the side fixed pulley 25, the tail end of the main section of the second inhaul cable 22 is provided with a tension sensor 28, and the tension sensor 28 is connected with the balance weight 9 through the auxiliary section of the second inhaul cable 22.
The top of the steel bar 1 is detachably connected with a second transition steel plate 29, namely, the bottom surface of the second transition steel plate 29 is also provided with an internal thread sleeve 38 screwed with the external thread on the top of the steel bar 1.
The second transition steel plate 29 is provided with a hanging piece 30 hooked with the movable pulley 27; for example, a hanging ring is arranged on the movable pulley 27, and a hook is welded on the top surface of the second transition steel plate 29.
The contact of the dial gauge 31 is pressed against the second transition steel plate 29.
The second cable 22, the side fixed pulley 25, the central fixed pulley 26, the movable pulley 27, the counterweight 9, the tension sensor 28 and the second transition steel plate 29 form a vertical anti-pulling loading assembly.
The experimental device further includes a third cable 32, a fourth cable 33, and a fifth cable 34.
The left steel upright post 4 is respectively connected with an upper dial indicator 31 and a lower dial indicator 31 in the horizontal direction through an upper magnetic indicator frame 35 and a lower magnetic indicator frame 35, contacts of the upper dial indicator 31 and the lower dial indicator 31 are respectively fixed with the head ends of a third inhaul cable 32 and a fourth inhaul cable 33, and the tail ends of the third inhaul cable 32 and the fourth inhaul cable 33 are sleeved on the steel bar 1 through rope sleeves.
A vertical long hole 36 is arranged on one steel upright post 4 on the right side, the vertical long hole 36 is connected with a reversing fixed pulley 37 through a bolt, the head end of the main section of the fifth inhaul cable 34 is sleeved on the steel bar 1 through a rope sleeve, the main section of the fifth inhaul cable 34 bypasses the reversing fixed pulley 37, the tail end of the main section of the fifth inhaul cable 34 is provided with a tension sensor 28, and the tension sensor 28 is connected with the balance weight 9 through the auxiliary section of the fifth inhaul cable 34. The fifth cable 34 is located between the third cable 32 and the fourth cable 33 in height.
The third cable 32, the fourth cable 33, the fifth cable 34, the direction-changing fixed pulley 37, the tension sensor 28 and the counterweight 9 described above constitute a horizontal loading assembly.
As shown in fig. 1, 2, 3 and 4, the method for performing an experiment on an experimental device for simulating and loading multiple load modes in a rotary spraying steel pipe combined pile chamber comprises the following steps.
The method comprises the steps of splitting a PVC pipe into two halves, smearing engine oil on the inner wall of the pipe, filling cement soil which is stirred into the PVC pipe which is split into two halves, sticking a plurality of strain gauges to the side surface of a steel bar 1, burying cement soil into a main body of the steel bar 1 and extending out the cement soil from the top end of the steel bar 1, reclosing the two PVC pipes which are split into two halves, vibrating and maintaining, removing a mold after the cement soil is dry and hard, sticking a plurality of strain gauges to the side surface of a cement soil pile 2, and forming a cement soil pile 2-steel bar 1 combination.
Laying a sand cushion layer in the shell 3 and filling soft soil, then digging a vertical hole in the soft soil, putting the cement-soil pile 2-steel bar 1 combination into the vertical hole, filling sand into a gap between the vertical hole and the cement-soil pile 2, then placing a pressing plate on the surface of the soft soil, and vertically pressing the pressing plate to compact the soft soil.
The dial indicator 31 and the vertical compression-resistant loading assembly are installed on the shell 3, and vertical compression load is applied to the shell.
The pressure sensor 39 can obtain the pressure load of the cement soil pile 2-steel bar 1 assembly, the dial indicator 31 can obtain the descending displacement of the cement soil pile 2-steel bar 1 assembly, and the two parameters are reported to the main controller for data processing, so that a pile top pressing load and displacement curve is obtained.
Each strain gauge arranged on the side surface of the steel bar 1 can obtain stress strain values of different depths on the interface of the steel bar 1 and the cement-soil pile 2; the strain gauges arranged on the side surfaces of the cement soil piles 2 can obtain stress strain values of different depths on the interfaces of the cement soil piles 2 and soil bodies around the piles. Specifically, the strain value of each strain gauge is multiplied by a hooke coefficient to obtain the stress value. And subtracting the stress values at different heights to obtain the side friction resistance of the pile body at the section of height, and further analyzing to obtain the axial force of the pile body by utilizing the side friction resistance at different heights, and the like.
The experimental method also includes the following steps.
A vertical uplift loading assembly is installed on the shell 3, and vertical uplift load is applied to the vertical uplift loading assembly;
twice of the reading of the tension sensor 28 is the uplift force load of the cement-soil pile 2-steel bar 1 assembly, and the dial indicator 31 can acquire the uplift displacement of the cement-soil pile 2-steel bar 1 assembly and report the two parameters to the main controller for data processing, so that an uplift load and displacement curve of the pile top is obtained;
each strain gauge arranged on the side surface of the steel bar 1 can obtain stress strain values of different depths on the interface of the steel bar 1 and the cement-soil pile 2; the strain gauges arranged on the side surfaces of the cement soil piles 2 can obtain stress strain values of different depths on the interfaces of the cement soil piles 2 and soil bodies around the piles.
The experimental method also includes the following steps.
An upper dial indicator 31, a lower dial indicator 31 and a horizontal loading assembly are mounted on the housing 3, and a transverse tensile load is applied to the upper dial indicator 31, the lower dial indicator 31 and the horizontal loading assembly.
The tension sensor 28 can acquire the transverse tension load of the cement soil pile 2-steel bar 1 assembly, the upper dial indicator 31 can acquire the upper horizontal displacement of the top of the steel bar 1, the lower dial indicator 31 can acquire the lower horizontal displacement of the upper section of the steel bar 1, and the three parameters are reported to the main controller for data processing, so that a horizontal load and pile body deflection angle curve is obtained.
Each strain gauge arranged on the side surface of the steel bar 1 can obtain stress strain values of different depths of a compression side and a tension side on the interface of the steel bar 1 and the cement-soil pile 2; the strain gauges arranged on the side surfaces of the cement soil pile 2 can obtain stress strain values of different depths of a tension side and a compression side on an interface between the cement soil pile 2 and soil around the pile.
Claims (6)
1. The utility model provides an indoor simulation of steel pipe composite pile is spouted soon and experimental apparatus of multiple load mode is loaded which characterized in that: it comprises a steel bar (1) for simulating a micro steel pipe pile, a cement soil pile (2) for simulating a jet grouting pile and a shell (3) with an opening at the upper part,
a plurality of strain gauges are attached to the side surface of the steel bar (1), and a plurality of strain gauges are also attached to the side surface of the cement-soil pile (2);
the shell (3) is composed of four steel side plates (3.1) and a bottom plate, a steel upright post (4) is arranged on the left steel side plate (3.1), a pressure rod (5) is hinged on the steel upright post (4), a pressing block (6) is arranged at the middle section of the pressure rod (5), and a transverse adjusting device is arranged between the pressure rod (5) and the pressing block (6); a through hole (7) is formed in the non-hinged end of the pressure lever (5), a first inhaul cable (8) is arranged on the through hole (7), and a balance weight (9) is arranged at the bottom end of the first inhaul cable (8);
the experimental device also comprises a force guide block (10), wherein the force guide block (10) is connected with the steel side plate (3.1) through a transition support for adjusting the horizontal position of the force guide block (10); the top surface of the force guide block (10) is provided with an upper hemisphere (11) which is used for abutting against the pressing block (6), and the bottom of the force guide block (10) is provided with a lower hemisphere (12);
the top of the steel bar (1) is detachably connected with a first transition steel plate (13), and a pressure sensor (39) used for abutting against the lower hemispheroid (12) is placed on the first transition steel plate (13); a magnetic meter frame (35) is adsorbed on the steel side plate (3.1), a vertical dial indicator (31) is arranged on the magnetic meter frame (35), and a contact of the dial indicator (31) is pressed on the first transition steel plate (13);
the compression rod (5), the pressing block (6), the first inhaul cable (8), the balance weight (9), the force guide block (10), the transition support, the pressure sensor (39) and the first transition steel plate (13) form a vertical compression-resistant loading assembly;
a first transverse long hole (14) is formed in the middle section of the pressure rod (5), a first round hole (15) is formed in the pressing block (6), and the pressing block (6) and the pressure rod (5) are locked through a bolt penetrating through the first transverse long hole (14) and the first round hole (15);
the transition support comprises two transition beams (16) and two screws (17), two ends of each transition beam (16) are respectively welded with an end plate (18), each end plate (18) is provided with a second round hole (19), the left steel side plate (3.1) is provided with two corresponding second transverse long holes (20), the right steel plate is also provided with two corresponding second transverse long holes (20), and each end plate (18) and the side steel plate on the same side are locked by bolts penetrating through the second transverse long holes (20) and the second round holes (19); two third transverse long holes (21) are formed in each transition beam (16), and two ends of each screw rod (17) penetrate through the two third transverse long holes (21) of the two transition beams (16) and are locked by nuts; the two screw rods (17) and the two transition beams (16) form a # -shape, and the square frame in the center of the # -shape hoops the force guide block (10).
2. The experimental device for simulating and loading multiple load modes in the counter-rotating spraying steel pipe combined pile chamber according to claim 1, is characterized in that:
it comprises a second cable (22);
a steel upright post (4) is also arranged on the right steel side plate (3.1), a third round hole (23) is formed in the top end of the steel upright post (4), a fourth round hole (24) is formed in the right section of the pressing rod (5), the pressing rod (5) is horizontally arranged, the right section of the pressing rod (5) and the right steel upright post (4) are locked through bolts penetrating through the third round hole (23) and the fourth round hole (24), and a side fixed pulley (25) is screwed in a through hole (7) in the right end of the pressing rod (5);
a first transverse long hole (14) in the middle section of the pressure lever (5) is connected with a central fixed pulley (26) through a bolt, a movable pulley (27) is arranged below the first transverse long hole (14), the head end of a main section of a second inhaul cable (22) is fixed with the first transverse long hole (14), the main section of the second inhaul cable (22) sequentially bypasses the movable pulley (27), the central fixed pulley (26) and an edge side fixed pulley (25), the tail end of the main section of the second inhaul cable (22) is provided with a tension sensor (28), and the tension sensor (28) is connected with a balance weight (9) through an auxiliary section of the second inhaul cable (22);
the top of the steel bar (1) is detachably connected with a second transition steel plate (29), and a hanging piece (30) hooked with the movable pulley (27) is arranged on the second transition steel plate (29); the contact of the dial indicator (31) is pressed on the second transition steel plate (29);
the second inhaul cable (22), the side fixed pulley (25), the central fixed pulley (26), the movable pulley (27), the balance weight (9), the tension sensor (28) and the second transition steel plate (29) form a vertical anti-pulling loading assembly.
3. The experimental device for simulating and loading multiple load modes in the counter-rotating spraying steel pipe combined pile chamber according to claim 2, is characterized in that: the cable comprises a third cable (32), a fourth cable (33) and a fifth cable (34);
a steel upright post (4) is respectively connected with an upper dial indicator (31) and a lower dial indicator (31) in the horizontal direction through an upper magnetic indicator frame and a lower magnetic indicator frame (35), contacts of the upper dial indicator (31) and the lower dial indicator (31) are respectively fixed with the head ends of a third inhaul cable (32) and a fourth inhaul cable (33), and the tail ends of the third inhaul cable (32) and the fourth inhaul cable (33) are sleeved on a steel bar (1) through rope sleeves;
a vertical long hole (36) is formed in the other steel upright post (4), the vertical long hole (36) is connected with a reversing fixed pulley (37) through a bolt, the head end of the main section of a fifth stay cable (34) is sleeved on the steel bar (1) through a rope, the main section of the fifth stay cable (34) bypasses the reversing fixed pulley (37), a tension sensor (28) is arranged at the tail end of the main section of the fifth stay cable (34), and the tension sensor (28) is connected with a counterweight (9) through the auxiliary section of the fifth stay cable (34);
the third cable (32), the fourth cable (33), the fifth cable (34), the reversing fixed pulley (37), the tension sensor (28) and the counterweight (9) form a horizontal loading assembly.
4. The method for carrying out experiments by using the experimental device for simulating and loading multiple load modes in the chamber of the rotary spraying steel pipe combined pile as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps of splitting a PVC pipe in half and smearing engine oil on the inner wall of the pipe, filling stirred cement soil into the PVC pipe split in half, sticking a plurality of strain gauges to the side surface of a steel bar (1), burying a main body of the steel bar (1) into the cement soil, extending the cement soil from the top end of the steel bar (1), reclosing the two PVC pipes split in half, vibrating and maintaining, removing a mould after the cement soil is dry and hard, sticking a plurality of strain gauges to the side surface of a cement soil pile (2), and forming a cement soil pile (2) -steel bar (1) combination;
laying a sand cushion layer in the shell (3), filling soft soil, digging a vertical hole in the soft soil, placing a cement-soil pile (2) -steel bar (1) combination into the vertical hole, filling sand into a gap between the vertical hole and the cement-soil pile (2), placing a pressing plate on the surface of the soft soil, and vertically pressing the pressing plate to compact the soft soil;
a dial indicator (31) and a vertical compression-resistant loading assembly are installed on the shell (3), and a vertical compression load is applied to the shell;
the pressure sensor (39) can acquire the pressure load of the cement soil pile (2) -steel bar (1) combination, the dial indicator (31) can acquire the descending displacement of the cement soil pile (2) -steel bar (1) combination, and the two parameters are reported to the main controller for data processing, so that a pile top pressing load and displacement curve is obtained;
each strain gauge arranged on the side surface of the steel bar (1) can obtain stress strain values of different depths on the interface of the steel bar (1) and the cement-soil pile (2); the strain gauges arranged on the side surfaces of the cement soil piles (2) can obtain stress strain values of different depths on the interfaces of the cement soil piles (2) and soil bodies around the piles.
5. The method for carrying out experiments by using the experimental device for simulating and loading multiple load modes in the chamber of the rotary spraying steel pipe combined pile as claimed in claim 2 is characterized in that:
the method comprises the following steps of splitting a PVC pipe in half and smearing engine oil on the inner wall of the pipe, filling stirred cement soil into the PVC pipe split in half, sticking a plurality of strain gauges to the side surface of a steel bar (1), burying a main body of the steel bar (1) into the cement soil, extending the cement soil from the top end of the steel bar (1), reclosing the two PVC pipes split in half, vibrating and maintaining, removing a mould after the cement soil is dry and hard, sticking a plurality of strain gauges to the side surface of a cement soil pile (2), and forming a cement soil pile (2) -steel bar (1) combination;
laying a sand cushion layer in the shell (3), filling soft soil, digging a vertical hole in the soft soil, placing a cement-soil pile (2) -steel bar (1) combination into the vertical hole, filling sand into a gap between the vertical hole and the cement-soil pile (2), placing a pressing plate on the surface of the soft soil, and vertically pressing the pressing plate to compact the soft soil;
a vertical uplift loading assembly is installed on the shell (3) and is applied with a vertical uplift load;
twice of the reading of the tension sensor (28) is the uplift force load of the cement-soil pile (2) -steel bar (1) combination, the dial indicator (31) can acquire the uplift displacement of the cement-soil pile (2) -steel bar (1) combination, and the two parameters are reported to the main controller for data processing, so that a pile top uplift load and displacement curve is obtained;
each strain gauge arranged on the side surface of the steel bar (1) can obtain stress strain values of different depths on the interface of the steel bar (1) and the cement-soil pile (2); the strain gauges arranged on the side surfaces of the cement soil piles (2) can obtain stress strain values of different depths on the interfaces of the cement soil piles (2) and soil bodies around the piles.
6. The method for carrying out experiments by using the experimental device for simulating and loading multiple load modes in the chamber of the rotary spraying steel pipe combined pile as claimed in claim 3 is characterized in that:
the method comprises the following steps of splitting a PVC pipe in half and smearing engine oil on the inner wall of the pipe, filling stirred cement soil into the PVC pipe split in half, sticking a plurality of strain gauges to the side surface of a steel bar (1), burying a main body of the steel bar (1) into the cement soil, extending the cement soil from the top end of the steel bar (1), reclosing the two PVC pipes split in half, vibrating and maintaining, removing a mould after the cement soil is dry and hard, sticking a plurality of strain gauges to the side surface of a cement soil pile (2), and forming a cement soil pile (2) -steel bar (1) combination;
laying a sand cushion layer in the shell (3), filling soft soil, digging a vertical hole in the soft soil, placing a cement-soil pile (2) -steel bar (1) combination into the vertical hole, filling sand into a gap between the vertical hole and the cement-soil pile (2), placing a pressing plate on the surface of the soft soil, and vertically pressing the pressing plate to compact the soft soil;
an upper dial indicator (31), a lower dial indicator (31) and a horizontal loading assembly are installed on the shell (3), and a transverse tensile load is applied to the upper dial indicator, the lower dial indicator and the horizontal loading assembly;
the tension sensor (28) can acquire the transverse tension load of a cement soil pile (2) -steel bar (1) combination, the upper dial indicator (31) can acquire the upper horizontal displacement of the top of the steel bar (1), the lower dial indicator (31) can acquire the lower horizontal displacement of the upper section of the steel bar (1), and the three parameters are reported to the main controller for data processing, so that a horizontal load and pile body deflection angle curve is acquired;
each strain gauge arranged on the side surface of the steel bar (1) can obtain stress strain values of different depths of a compression side and a tension side on the interface of the steel bar (1) and the cement-soil pile (2); the strain gauges arranged on the side surfaces of the cement soil piles (2) can obtain stress strain values of different depths of a tension side and a compression side on an interface between the cement soil piles (2) and soil bodies around the piles.
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| CN110847252B (en) * | 2019-11-19 | 2021-05-07 | 河南日盛综合检测有限公司 | Pile foundation resistance to plucking performance detection device |
| CN115478568B (en) * | 2022-08-22 | 2023-09-29 | 宁波大学 | Pile soil contact surface shearing experiment device for drainage pile |
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