CN109440843B - Combined load applying device and method for model pile indoor test - Google Patents
Combined load applying device and method for model pile indoor test Download PDFInfo
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- CN109440843B CN109440843B CN201811581722.5A CN201811581722A CN109440843B CN 109440843 B CN109440843 B CN 109440843B CN 201811581722 A CN201811581722 A CN 201811581722A CN 109440843 B CN109440843 B CN 109440843B
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- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 48
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 14
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 194
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 194
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 claims description 4
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Classifications
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D33/00—Testing foundations or foundation structures
Abstract
The application discloses a combined load applying device and a combined load applying method for an indoor test of a model pile, wherein the model pile is buried in a soil body in a model groove in advance, longitudinal channel steel is arranged at two ends of the model groove, and the longitudinal channel steel is connected with a horizontally placed mouth-shaped member through a connecting piece; a vertically loaded pulley is fixed on the mouth-shaped component; the model pile is penetrated by a screw rod parallel to the screw rod of the mouth-shaped member, and two ends of the screw rod are connected with a vertical loading device through a vertical loading steel wire rope; the steel sleeve of the model pile is connected with a horizontal loading device through a horizontal loading steel wire rope by-passing a horizontally loaded pulley on a vertically placed mouth-shaped member; the vertical loading pulley and the horizontal loading pulley are controlled to slide by screwing the horizontally placed die member and the basket bolts at the non-loading end of the vertically placed die member, and vertical and horizontal loads are applied to the model pile. The application provides a loading device for improving test precision for an indoor test of a model pile under the combined load effect.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the field of model tests, in particular to a combined load applying device for a model pile indoor test and a model pile indoor test method.
Background
The pile foundation is a foundation form with high bearing capacity, wide application range and long history. With the improvement of production level and the development of scientific technology, the types, the processes, the design theory, the calculation method and the application range of pile foundations are greatly developed. However, in the current engineering practice, a load division method is mostly adopted for researching the bearing deformation property of the pile foundation under the combined load effect, and the vertical load and the horizontal load are separately calculated to explore the bearing property of the pile foundation. Due to lack of consideration of the application sequence, the application mode and the like between loads, certain potential safety hazards exist in research. In view of the limitations that are difficult to overcome in the in-situ test, the model test can set and control boundary conditions, pile soil material characteristics, the application sequence of combined load and the ratio of vertical load to horizontal load more accurately according to requirements, has clearer pertinence and purposefulness when researching pile-soil interaction, obtains more information than in-situ test and static load test, and can verify numerical simulation analysis, so that partial students begin to study the bearing characteristics of pile foundations in the indoor model test, thereby providing reference for engineering practice. However, when some students study pile foundation bearing characteristic model test under the combined load, the load is applied by adopting a counter-force beam and a jack, and the greatest load applied by the jack has the defects of continuous pressure compensation, unstable load application and increased test complexity; meanwhile, the counterforce beam, the jack and other components have larger volumes, so that an experimenter can be influenced to clearly observe the model test change process, and the loading device is specially designed so as to be capable of better serving the model test.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the defects in the prior art, the application aims to perfect the research method of pile-soil interaction under the action of the existing combined load and provide a loading device and a testing method for the indoor test of the model pile under the action of the combined load.
The application is realized by the following technical scheme.
The combined load applying device for the model pile indoor test comprises a model groove and a model pile which is buried in the soil body in the model groove in advance; a pair of longitudinal channel steel is erected on the model groove, and a horizontally placed mouth-shaped member is connected to the longitudinal channel steel through a basket bolt; a vertically loaded pulley is fixed on the mouth-shaped component; the model pile is penetrated by a screw rod parallel to the screw rod of the mouth-shaped member, two ends of the screw rod respectively bypass a vertically loaded pulley of a pair of mouth-shaped members and a pulley at the end part of a pair of longitudinal channel steel through a vertical loading steel wire rope, and are respectively connected with a left vertical loading device and a right vertical loading device; a steel sleeve of the model pile is sleeved with a horizontal loading steel wire rope, and one end of the horizontal loading steel wire rope bypasses a horizontal loading pulley fixed on a mouth-shaped member vertically arranged in the middle of the longitudinal channel steel and is connected with a horizontal loading device;
the method comprises the steps of controlling a vertically loaded pulley to slide by screwing a basket bolt at the non-loading end of a horizontally placed mouth-shaped member, and applying a vertical load to the model pile;
and (3) controlling the horizontally loaded pulley to slide by screwing a basket bolt at the non-loading end of the vertically placed mouth-shaped member, and applying a horizontal load to the model pile.
For the above technical solution, the present application is further preferred:
preferably, a pulling and pressing sensor is arranged on the horizontal loading steel wire rope.
Preferably, two sides of the longitudinal channel steel are connected with U-shaped steel sheets through bolts, a closed chute is formed between the U-shaped steel sheets and adjacent bolt connection sections of the longitudinal channel steel, and the vertically loaded pulley only horizontally slides in the closed chute.
Preferably, the mouth-shaped member is a square frame structure formed by fixing a screw rod and a rolling shaft through two steel sheets, a pulley is arranged on the rolling shaft, a sleeve shaft is arranged on the screw rod, the pulley is used for a steel wire rope to pass through, and the sleeve shaft is used for connecting a basket bolt.
Preferably, the model pile is sleeved in the steel sleeve, and a settlement measuring platform made of transparent glass is placed above the model pile.
Preferably, the horizontal loading steel wire rope at the connecting end of the horizontal loading device and the vertical loading steel wire rope at the connecting end of the vertical loading device are respectively provided with a steel wire rope buckle.
Preferably, the horizontal loading device and the vertical loading device are formed by taking two angle steels as trays, and placing weights on the supporting rods for loading.
Preferably, two sides of the outer wall of the steel sleeve are provided with horizontal loading connecting pieces, and the horizontal loading steel wire ropes penetrate through the horizontal loading connecting pieces and are locked through steel wire rope buckles.
Preferably, the pulley lower plane of the pair of mouth members and the pulley upper plane of the pair of longitudinal channel ends are in the same horizontal plane.
Preferably, the vertically placed mouth-shaped member is connected between two longitudinal channel steel through a vertical channel steel; two U-shaped sealing sliding grooves for sliding the screw rods of the mouth-shaped component are formed in the vertical channel steel and the longitudinal channel steel.
The application correspondingly provides a method for applying combined load in a model pile indoor test, which comprises the following steps:
1) Filling a certain amount of soil in the model groove, burying the model pile in the model groove, arranging longitudinal channel steel on two sides of the model pile, and connecting the U-shaped steel sheets with 2 longitudinal channel steel;
2) The vertical loading device is connected to the longitudinal channel steel through a connecting piece, is connected with a connecting port type component of the turnbuckle bolt, is respectively connected with screw rods penetrating through two ends of the model pile through a vertical loading steel wire rope, bypasses a vertical loading pulley and pulleys at the end parts of a pair of longitudinal channel steel, and is respectively connected with a left vertical loading device and a right vertical loading device;
3) A steel sleeve at the free end of the model pile is sleeved with a horizontal loading steel wire rope, and one end of the steel sleeve bypasses a horizontal loading pulley fixed on a mouth-shaped member vertically arranged in the middle of the longitudinal channel steel and is connected with a horizontal loading device;
4) The pulley which is loaded vertically slides in a closed chute formed by the U-shaped steel sheet and the longitudinal channel steel under the action of the action force by screwing a basket bolt on a horizontally placed mouth-shaped member on the longitudinal channel steel, so that the vertical load is kept vertical; the horizontally loaded pulley is caused to slide in the U-shaped closed chute under force by screwing the basket bolt on the vertically placed die member on the vertical channel steel, thereby maintaining the horizontal load horizontal.
Compared with the prior art, the application has the beneficial effects that: the limitation of the original test device is broken through, and besides the unidirectional load application, the application of vertical load and horizontal load can be controlled respectively, so that the research of the load application sequence on the bearing property of the pile foundation is studied; the device can also control the application height of horizontal load and control the vertical load to be always vertically downwards applied in the test process, so that the bearing property of the pile foundation under the combined load can be better analyzed; meanwhile, the original test device has larger limit on the position of the embedded pile, and is generally fixed by loading the counterforce beam, the test pile is required to be embedded below the axis of the counterforce beam, and the device can realize loading and unloading of any model pile arranged in an effective area (not influenced by boundary effect) in the model groove; in addition, the pulley sliding is controlled by the basket bolts, so that the device can be operated by a single person, is simple and convenient, and the sliding distance of the pulley can be accurately controlled by the basket bolts, so that the accuracy of a test is improved.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the application and constitute a part of this specification, are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification and do not limit the application in any way, and in which:
FIG. 1 is an elevation view of a modular pile indoor test combination loading apparatus;
FIG. 2 is a top view of a modular pile indoor test combination loading apparatus;
FIG. 3 is a partial right side view of a model pile indoor test combination loading device B;
FIG. 4 is an enlarged view of the portion C loading device in section G-G;
FIG. 5 is an enlarged view of part A loading device in section H-H;
fig. 6 is an enlarged view of the part D die member.
Wherein 1 is a model groove, 2 is a transverse channel steel, 3 is a longitudinal channel steel, 4 is a U-shaped steel sheet, 5-1 is a first pulley, 5-2 is a second pulley, 5-3 is a third pulley, 5-4 is a fourth pulley, 5-5 is a fifth pulley, 6-1 and 6-2 are left and right vertical loading steel wire ropes, 6-3 is a horizontal loading steel wire rope, 7-1 is a connecting piece, 7-2 is a basket bolt, 7-3 is a mouth-shaped member, 8-1 and 8-2 are left and right vertical loading devices, 8-3 is a horizontal loading device, 9 is a model pile, 10 is a steel sleeve, 11 is a settlement platform, 12 is a horizontal loading connecting piece, 13 is a vertical channel steel, 14 is a steel wire rope buckle, 15 is a longitudinal nut chute, 16 is a transverse nut chute, 17 is a vertical loading screw, and 18 is a U-shaped closed chute.
Detailed Description
The present application will now be described in detail with reference to the drawings and the specific embodiments thereof, wherein the exemplary embodiments and descriptions of the present application are provided for illustration of the application and are not intended to be limiting.
As shown in fig. 1, 2 and 3, the combined load applying device for the model pile indoor test comprises a model groove 1 and a model pile 9 buried in the soil body in the model groove 1 in advance, wherein the model pile 9 is sleeved in a steel sleeve 10, and a settlement measuring platform 11 made of transparent glass material is placed above the steel sleeve 10 in a sleeved mode by the model pile 9. The two ends of the model groove 1 are respectively provided with a pair of longitudinal channel steel 3 through transverse channel steel 2, two sides of the longitudinal channel steel 3 are connected with U-shaped steel sheets 4,U through bolts, a closed chute is formed between a steel sheet 4 and an adjacent bolt connection section of the longitudinal channel steel 3, and a vertically loaded pulley only horizontally slides in the closed chute. One end (an unloaded end) of the longitudinal channel steel 3 is provided with a hole, a basket bolt 7-2 is vertically connected through the hole by a connecting piece 7-1, and the basket bolt 7-2 is connected with a horizontally placed mouth-shaped member 7-3; one end of a horizontally placed mouth-shaped member 7-3 is connected with an end ring of a basket bolt 7-2, and the other end is fixed with a vertically loaded pulley, in this embodiment a first pulley 5-1 and a third pulley 5-3. A vertical loading screw rod 17 parallel to the screw rod of the mouth-shaped member 7-3 is penetrated through a model pile 9 in the steel sleeve 10, and two ends of the vertical loading screw rod 17 respectively bypass a pair of pulleys (a first pulley 5-1 and a third pulley 5-3) of the mouth-shaped member 7-3 through left and right vertical loading steel wire ropes 6-1 and 6-2; one ends of the left and right vertical loading steel wire ropes 6-1 and 6-2 respectively bypass a second pulley 5-2 and a fourth pulley 5-4 at the end parts of the pair of longitudinal channel steel 3 and are connected with the left and right vertical loading devices 8-1 and 8-2. The lower planes of the rollers of the first pulley 5-1 and the third pulley 5-3 are in the same horizontal plane with the upper planes of the rollers of the second pulley 5-2 and the fourth pulley 5-4. The five pulleys are subjected to secondary processing, and each pulley replaces an original roller by a screw rod.
The mouth-shaped member 7-3 is formed by processing two steel sheets with proper lengths, opening holes at two ends of the steel sheets, one end of the steel sheet passes through a roller with a pulley, the other end of the steel sheet passes through the other screw rod, and a sleeve shaft is arranged on the screw rod and is used for connecting the basket bolt 7-2, so that the whole device forms a mouth-shaped pulley system 7-3.
A horizontal loading steel wire rope 6-3 is sleeved on a steel sleeve 10 of the model pile 9, a horizontal loading connecting piece 12 is arranged along the steel sleeve 10, and the horizontal loading steel wire rope 6-3 is locked through a steel wire rope fastener 14 after passing through the horizontal loading connecting piece 12; one end of the horizontal loading steel wire rope 6-3 is wound around a horizontal loading pulley, namely a fifth pulley 5-5 is connected with the horizontal loading device 8-3. The fifth pulley 5-5 is a pulley of a vertically placed mouth-shaped member 7-3 connected to a vertical channel 13, and two ends of the vertical channel 13 are connected with the vertical channel 3. A tension-compression sensor is provided between the steel sleeve 10 and the pulley 5-5 to accurately measure the loading load.
The pulley sliding of vertical loading is controlled by screwing a basket bolt 7-2 at the non-loading end of a horizontally placed mouth-shaped member 7-3, and vertical load is applied to the model pile 1; the horizontally loaded pulley is controlled to slide by screwing the basket bolts 7-2 at the non-loading end of the vertically placed mouth-shaped member 7-3, and a horizontal load is applied to the model pile 1.
In the device, two longitudinal channel steels 3 are respectively welded with a section of vertical small-sized vertical channel steel 13 at the inner side of a place extending out of a certain distance of a model groove, sliding grooves are symmetrically formed in the inner wall of the middle section of the small-sized vertical channel steel 13 (as shown in fig. 4), a pulley 5-5 convenient for horizontal loading slides up and down in a vertical plane, holes are symmetrically drilled at the inner side of the upper end of the small-sized channel steel, and a basket bolt 7-2 is fixed through a connecting piece 7-1 by penetrating through a screw rod.
The vertical channel steel 3 is provided with a plurality of longitudinal nut sliding grooves 15 which are in butt joint with the transverse channel steel 2, and the transverse channel steel 2 is provided with transverse nut sliding grooves 16 which are in butt joint with the longitudinal channel steel 3. The longitudinal channel steel 3 passes through the longitudinal nut runner 15 and is fixed with a transverse nut runner 16 on the transverse channel steel 2 through bolts, and a screw rod connecting the first pulley 5-1 and the third pulley 5-3 is fixed in a runner on the side wall of the channel steel 3.
Wherein, the horizontal loading steel wire rope 6-3 connected with the horizontal loading device 8-3 and the vertical loading steel wire ropes 6-1 and 6-2 connected with the vertical loading devices 8-1 and 8-2 are respectively provided with a steel wire rope fastener 14. The horizontal loading device 8-3 and the left and right vertical loading devices 8-1 and 8-2 are formed by taking two angle steels as trays, and placing weights on the supporting rods for loading.
As can be seen from the figure, a is the region of the model pile 9 sleeved with the steel sleeve 10, B is the region of the model groove, C is the region of the vertically arranged die member 7-3, and D is the region of the horizontally arranged die member 7-3.
As shown in fig. 4, the vertically placed die members 7-3 are connected between two longitudinal channels 3 by vertical channels 13; the vertical channel steel 13 and the longitudinal channel steel 3 are respectively provided with a U-shaped closed chute 18 for sliding two screw rods of the mouth-shaped member 7-3.
As shown in fig. 5, a steel sleeve 10 is sleeved on the upper part of the model pile 9, horizontal loading connecting pieces 12 are welded on two sides of the lower wall of the steel sleeve 10, the horizontal loading connecting pieces 12 are two nuts for penetrating the horizontal loading steel wire rope 6-3, and then the horizontal loading steel wire rope is locked by a steel wire rope fastener 14.
As shown in fig. 6, the die member 7-3 is a square frame structure formed by fixing two screw rods by two steel sheets, and the two screw rods are respectively provided with a pulley and a sleeve shaft, wherein the pulley is used for a steel wire rope to pass through, and the sleeve shaft is used for connecting the basket bolt 7-2.
Two longitudinal channel steels 3 at the upper ends of two sides of the model pile 9 are respectively processed into U-shaped grooves with proper lengths at symmetrical positions of the side walls, and U-shaped steel sheets 4 additionally processed above the U-shaped grooves are inversely locked on the channel steels, so that a closed chute with proper lengths is formed, and pulleys 5-1 and 5-3 which are convenient for vertical loading only slide horizontally in the chute. Two longitudinal channel steels 3 are respectively fixed with pulleys 5-2 and 5-4 at the tail ends (loading ends) extending out of the model groove 1, so that vertical loading is facilitated.
The loading ends of all the loading devices are made of steel sheets and supporting devices to form a loading member so as to facilitate the placement of weights for loading. The supporting device comprises two angle steel pieces with the same size, the angle steel pieces form a T-shaped supporting platform, then a vertical steel sheet is clamped between the two angle steel pieces, the whole device forms a cross shape, an upper hole and a lower hole are drilled at the overlapped section of the steel sheet and the angle steel pieces, and the upper hole and the lower hole are connected through bolts. And drilling holes at the top of the upper end of the steel sheet for connecting a steel wire rope passing through the pulley, thereby achieving the purpose of applying load.
The loading mode can be realized by adopting weights and other devices with certain weight.
The left and right vertical loading devices 8-1, 8-2, the left and right vertical loading steel wire ropes 6-1, 6-2 are symmetrically fixed on a screw rod penetrating through the pile top of the model pile 9 through nuts, the left and right vertical loading steel wire ropes 6-1, 6-2 are locked by a steel wire rope fastener 14 after bypassing the screw rod, and then are locked by a steel wire rope fastener after bypassing the first pulley 5-1, the third pulley 5-3, the second pulley 5-2 and the fourth pulley 5-4, and penetrating through a preformed hole at the upper end of the loading component.
The model groove 1 is formed by welding angle steel and channel steel and is cast on an indoor test site terrace by concrete, and four walls are surrounded by toughened glass. When the combined load applying device for the model pile indoor test is used, the combined load applying device is connected with the model pile 9, and the left and right vertical loading devices 8-1 and 8-2 and the horizontal loading device 8-3 are utilized to load the vertical load and the horizontal load of the model pile 9, and displacement and deformation in the loading process are measured through an auxiliary displacement meter and the like.
In the model test, the performance test of the model pile is mainly aimed at the mechanical performance test, so that the applied external load is mainly horizontal load, vertical load and bending moment, and other loads can be applied through basic load and combination thereof. According to the device, as the horizontal and vertical basic loads are only designed to be applied temporarily for the test, if the bending moment load is to be applied, the bending moment load application point can be added on the steel sleeve 10, and a pair of No. 13 vertical channel steels can be welded on the No. 3 channel steels 5-3.
During the test, at first according to the experimental requirement with the model groove 1 in filling the soil body that prepares, model groove 1 adopts angle steel and toughened glass to constitute, and the bottom plate pours on the terrace, fills 7 layers of soil bodies in the model groove 1 of this embodiment altogether, and this test device can be pre-buried, the static pressure test to the precast pile, carries out the pore-forming to the bored concrete pile and pours into a pile, and application scope is comparatively extensive.
The application provides an indoor model pile test method, which comprises the following steps:
filling a certain amount of soil in the model groove 1, filling the soil layer by layer according to test requirements, and compacting by a compaction instrument until reaching a preset elevation position; the model pile 9 is buried in the model groove 1, and the model groove 9 is kept stand for a period of time, so that the moisture of the soil body in the model groove 1 is uniformly distributed. Longitudinal channel steel 3 is arranged on two sides of the model pile 9, and the longitudinal channel steel 3 and the transverse channel steel 2 are connected through connecting grooves 15 and 16 on the channel steel by bolts; the second pulley 5-2 and the fourth pulley 5-4 are arranged at the preset position of the longitudinal channel steel, the first pulley 5-1 and the third pulley 5-3 are arranged at the preset position of the longitudinal channel steel, then the same 4U-shaped steel sheets 4 are arranged on the longitudinal channel steel 3, and the 4U-shaped steel sheets 4 are connected with the 2 longitudinal channel steel 3 through bolts, as shown in figure 2.
The turnbuckle 7-2 is fixed at a preset position of the longitudinal channel steel 3 and then is firmly connected with the corresponding first pulley 5-1 and the corresponding third pulley 5-3 through the mouth-shaped member 7-3; the basket bolts 7-2 for horizontal loading are firmly connected with the fifth pulley 5-5 at a preset position in the same way; selecting a left vertical loading steel wire rope 6-1 with a certain length, wherein one end of the left vertical loading steel wire rope is connected with a left vertical loading device 8-1 through a steel wire rope buckle 14, and the other end of the left vertical loading steel wire rope bypasses the upper end of a second pulley 5-2 and the lower end of a first pulley 5-1 to be connected with a screw rod penetrating through a model pile 9; one end of a right vertical loading steel wire rope 6-2 with the same length is selected to be connected with a right vertical loading device 8-2 through a steel wire rope buckle 14 in the same way, the other end bypasses the upper end of a fourth pulley 5-4 and the lower end of a third pulley 5-3 to be connected with a screw rod penetrating through a model pile 9, one end of a horizontal loading steel wire rope 6-3 with a certain length is selected to be connected with the horizontal loading device 8-3 through the steel wire rope buckle 14, and the other end bypasses the upper end of the fifth pulley 5-5 to be connected with a tension and compression sensor; the horizontal loading steel wire rope 6-3 with a certain length is taken out to bypass the horizontal loading connecting piece 12 on the steel sleeve 10 and is connected with the pulling and pressing sensor after being locked by the steel wire rope fastener 14, as shown in fig. 2 and 3.
One end of the basket bolt 7-2 is fixed on the longitudinal channel steel 3, the first pulley 5-1 and the third pulley 15-3 which are connected with the other end of the basket bolt can be adjusted by screwing a knob of the basket bolt, and the basket bolt can slide randomly in a chute formed by the longitudinal channel steel 3 and the U-shaped steel sheet 4, so that the accurate positioning of the pulleys is achieved, and meanwhile, the vertical load applied to the model pile 9 in the test process is ensured to be kept vertical. As shown in fig. 1 and 2.
In the test process, under the action of horizontal load, the test pile can displace, and the first pulley 5-1 and the third pulley 5-3 slide in a closed chute formed by the U-shaped steel sheet shown in the figure 1 and the longitudinal channel steel under acting force by screwing the basket bolt 7-2 on the longitudinal channel steel 3 so as to keep the vertical load vertical; similarly, turning the basket bolt 7-2 on the vertical channel 13 causes the fifth pulley 5-5 to slide under force within the U-shaped closed chute 18 shown in FIG. 3 to maintain the horizontal load level.
When the left and right vertical loading devices 8-1 and 8-2 are connected to the vertical loading screw 17 on the model pile by pulleys, the loading devices apply a vertical load to the model pile.
When the horizontal loading means 8-3 is connected to the horizontal loading connection means 12 on the model pile by means of pulleys, the loading means applies a horizontal load to the model pile.
The device can be additionally provided with a laser displacement monitoring device so as to accurately monitor the displacement of the pile body and analyze the interaction rule of pile and soil.
The application is not limited to the above embodiments, and based on the technical solution disclosed in the application, a person skilled in the art may make some substitutions and modifications to some technical features thereof without creative effort according to the technical content disclosed, and all the substitutions and modifications are within the protection scope of the application.
Claims (8)
1. The combined load applying device for the model pile indoor test is characterized by comprising a model groove (1) and a model pile (9) which is buried in soil in the model groove (1) in advance, wherein a pair of longitudinal channel steels (3) are erected on the model groove (1), and the longitudinal channel steels (3) are connected with a horizontally placed mouth-shaped member (7-3) through a basket bolt (7-2); a vertically loaded pulley is fixed on the mouth-shaped component (7-3); a vertical loading screw rod (17) parallel to the screw rod of the mouth-shaped member (7-3) is penetrated through the model pile (9), and two ends of the vertical loading screw rod (17) respectively bypass a vertically loaded pulley of the pair of mouth-shaped members (7-3) and a pulley at the end part of the pair of longitudinal channel steel (3) through a vertical loading steel wire rope and are respectively connected with a left vertical loading device and a right vertical loading device; a steel sleeve (10) of the model pile (9) is sleeved with a horizontal loading steel wire rope (6-3), one end of the horizontal loading steel wire rope (6-3) bypasses a horizontal loading pulley fixed on a mouth-shaped component (7-3) vertically arranged in the middle of the longitudinal channel steel (3) and is connected with a horizontal loading device (8-3);
the mouth-shaped member (7-3) is a square frame structure formed by fixing a screw rod and a rolling shaft through two steel sheets, the rolling shaft is provided with a pulley, the screw rod is provided with a sleeve shaft, the pulley is used for a steel wire rope to pass through, and the sleeve shaft is used for connecting a basket bolt (7-2);
the pulley lower plane of the pair of mouth members (7-3) and the pulley upper plane of the end parts of the pair of longitudinal channel steel (3) are in the same horizontal plane;
the pulley sliding of vertical loading is controlled by screwing a basket bolt (7-2) at the non-loading end of a horizontally placed mouth-shaped member (7-3), and vertical load is applied to the model pile (9);
and (3) controlling the horizontally loaded pulley to slide by screwing the basket bolts (7-2) at the non-loading end of the vertically placed mouth-shaped member (7-3), and applying horizontal load to the model pile (9).
2. A combined load applying device for model pile indoor test according to claim 1, characterized in that the horizontal loading steel wire rope (6-3) is provided with a tension-compression sensor.
3. The device for applying the combined load for the model pile indoor test according to claim 1, wherein the two sides of the longitudinal channel steel (3) are connected with U-shaped steel sheets (4) through bolts, a closed chute is formed between each U-shaped steel sheet (4) and the adjacent bolt connection section of the longitudinal channel steel (3), and a vertically loaded pulley only horizontally slides in the closed chute.
4. The combined load applying device for the model pile indoor test according to claim 1, wherein the model pile (9) is sleeved in a steel sleeve (10), and a settlement measuring platform (11) made of transparent glass is placed above the model pile (9).
5. The combined load applying device for the model pile indoor test according to claim 1, wherein the horizontal loading steel wire ropes (6-3) at the connecting ends of the horizontal loading device (8-3) and the vertical loading steel wire ropes (6-1) and (6-2) at the connecting ends of the vertical loading devices (8-1) and (8-2) are respectively provided with a steel wire rope fastener (14);
the horizontal loading device (8-3) and the vertical loading devices (8-1) and (8-2) are formed by taking two angle steels as trays, and weights are placed on the supporting rods for loading.
6. The combined load applying device for the model pile indoor test according to claim 1 or 5, wherein two sides of the outer wall of the steel sleeve (10) are provided with horizontal loading connecting pieces (12), and a horizontal loading steel wire rope (6-3) passes through the horizontal loading connecting pieces (12) and is locked by a steel wire rope buckle (14).
7. A modular pile indoor test combined load applying device according to claim 1, characterized in that the vertically placed mouth piece (7-3) is connected between two longitudinal channels (3) by means of a vertical channel (13); the vertical channel steel (13) and the longitudinal channel steel (3) are respectively provided with a U-shaped closed chute which is convenient for two screw rods of the mouth-shaped member (7-3) to slide.
8. The method for applying the combined load in the model pile indoor test is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
1) Filling a certain amount of soil in the model groove (1), burying a model pile (9) in the model groove (1), arranging longitudinal channel steel (3) on two sides of the model pile (9), and connecting a U-shaped steel sheet (4) with the 2 longitudinal channel steel (3);
2) The vertical loading device is connected to the longitudinal channel steel (3) through a connecting piece (7-1), connected with a connecting port type component (7-3) through a connecting basket bolt (7-2), respectively connected with screw rods (17) penetrating through two ends of the model pile (9) through vertical loading steel wire ropes, and respectively connected with a left vertical loading device and a right vertical loading device by bypassing a vertically loaded pulley and pulleys at the end parts of the pair of longitudinal channel steel (3);
3) A steel sleeve (10) at the free end of the model pile (9) is sleeved with a horizontal loading steel wire rope (6-3), and one end of the steel sleeve bypasses a horizontal loading pulley fixed on a mouth-shaped component (7-3) vertically arranged in the middle of the longitudinal channel steel (3) to be connected with a horizontal loading device (8-3);
4) The pulley which is vertically loaded slides in a closed chute formed by the U-shaped steel sheet (4) and the longitudinal channel steel (3) under acting force by screwing a basket bolt (7-2) on a horizontally placed mouth-shaped member (7-3) on the longitudinal channel steel (3), so that vertical load is kept vertical; the horizontally loaded pulley (5-5) slides in the U-shaped closed chute under the action of the acting force by screwing the basket bolt (7-2) on the vertically placed mouth-shaped member (7-3) on the vertical channel steel (13), so that the horizontal load is kept horizontal.
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| CN111042222B (en) * | 2019-12-18 | 2022-01-28 | 广东工业大学 | Test device for simulating influence of shield secondary grouting process on horizontal loaded pile |
| CN115468837B (en) * | 2022-10-31 | 2023-02-28 | 石家庄铁道大学 | Model test device with multifunctional loading mode and test method |
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