CN110552381B - Mechanical transmission control's frequency conversion cyclic load loading test device - Google Patents
Mechanical transmission control's frequency conversion cyclic load loading test device Download PDFInfo
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- CN110552381B CN110552381B CN201910863826.3A CN201910863826A CN110552381B CN 110552381 B CN110552381 B CN 110552381B CN 201910863826 A CN201910863826 A CN 201910863826A CN 110552381 B CN110552381 B CN 110552381B
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D33/00—Testing foundations or foundation structures
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Abstract
The invention relates to the field of geotechnical engineering, in particular to a variable-frequency cyclic load loading device controlled by mechanical transmission. The method is characterized in that: vertical loading device and level to among the loading device, different specifications can be changed to spring, counter weight, the steel wire line is connected with the slide bar center, the slide bar middle part fretwork, fretwork width is 1mm more than pivot diameter, the pivot is located middle part fretwork department, moves about along the fretwork groove along the operation of variable frequency motor, drives the slide bar and reciprocates, makes the spring extension or shorten, and the steel wire line produces the pulling force, makes the model stake receive the pressure of equidimension not. The method is suitable for model tests of single-pile mechanical property researches under cyclic loads.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of geotechnical engineering, in particular to a variable-frequency cyclic load loading device controlled by mechanical transmission, which is suitable for model tests for single-pile mechanical property research under cyclic load.
Background
With the rapid development of the world oil industry and the increasing demand for energy, the problem of oil storage has received global attention, and the demand for storage capacity of oil storage tanks has become higher and higher. Therefore, the storage tank is developed in large scale at an increasingly rapid pace, and the situation that a non-ideal soil layer is used as a storage tank foundation in the construction is increased day by day, and the large storage tank is mainly based on a pile foundation according to the actual situation.
The pile foundation has the advantages of small engineering amount, small settlement amount, good anti-seismic performance, high bearing capacity and the like, and becomes a common foundation form for large-scale buildings and structures. As a foundation form of a large storage tank, a pile foundation is required to bear not only static load generated by the self weight of an upper structure but also vertical circulating load generated by oil inlet and outlet of the storage tank in the service period, so that pile-soil contact and soil around the pile are disturbed to a certain degree, and the horizontal bearing capacity of the pile foundation is also potentially influenced. Due to the difference of construction environments of large storage tanks and the like, the lower pile foundation of the large storage tank not only needs to bear vertical circulating load generated by oil inlet and outlet of the storage tank, but also can bear horizontal circulating load.
The existing research usually adopts an indoor model test method to carry out research work on the problems. When the model test is carried out, a complex loading system with an expensive structural form is usually adopted, the vertical cyclic load borne by a pile foundation cannot be well reflected, and the loading load is large, so that the requirement of the small model test cannot be met.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the defects of the prior art, the invention provides the mechanical transmission controlled variable-frequency cyclic load loading device which is simple in structure and low in cost.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a mechanical transmission control variable-frequency cyclic load loading device with a simple structure and low cost comprises a model box, a model pile, a supporting system, a vertical loading device, a horizontal loading device and a monitoring system. The method is characterized in that: the model pile is replaceable, the model pile is vertically fixed in the middle of the model box, the top of the model pile is connected with the loading device through a connecting piece, the vertical loading device comprises a balance weight, a rotating shaft, a steel wire, a variable frequency motor, a supporting platform, a connecting rod and a spring, the horizontal loading device comprises a balance weight, a rotating shaft, a steel wire, a variable frequency motor, a supporting platform, a connecting rod and a spring, the monitoring system comprises a pressure sensor and a displacement sensor, the pressure sensor is used for monitoring a loading pressure value, and the displacement sensor is used for monitoring the vertical displacement of the model pile under the vertical cyclic load.
The frequency of applying the cyclic load is controlled by changing the rotating speed of the variable frequency motor, the load of the cyclic load is changed by the variable frequency motor, the rotating shaft, the balancing weight and the spring, the load value borne by the model pile is monitored by the pressure sensor, and the vertical displacement of the model pile under the vertical cyclic load is detected by the displacement sensor.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. the invention utilizes a method of adding a connecting rod to a variable frequency motor, controls the maximum pressure (pulling) force applied to the model pile by changing the specifications of a balancing weight and a spring, and realizes the application of cyclic load to the model pile by utilizing the up-and-down movement of a sliding rod;
2. the invention can carry out tests on unidirectional cyclic load application in vertical and horizontal directions, tests on bidirectional cyclic load application in vertical and horizontal directions, and tests on cyclic load application in double horizontal directions, thereby meeting the application test of cyclic load under multiple conditions;
2. the invention has simple structure, easy maintenance, higher precision and higher cycle number.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a three-dimensional diagram of a frequency conversion cyclic load loading device controlled by mechanical transmission.
Fig. 2 is a structural diagram of a frequency conversion vertical cyclic load loading device controlled by mechanical transmission.
Fig. 3 is a three-dimensional diagram of a frequency conversion vertical cyclic load loading device controlled by mechanical transmission.
Fig. 4 is a structural diagram of a frequency conversion horizontal direction cyclic load loading device controlled by mechanical transmission.
Fig. 5 is a three-dimensional view of a frequency conversion horizontal direction cyclic load loading device controlled by mechanical transmission.
Fig. 6 is a detailed view of the loading device.
Fig. 7 is a three-dimensional view of the loading device.
In the figure, 1, a soil body, 2, a model box, 3, a model pile, 4, a connecting piece, 5, a balance weight, 6, a steel support, 7, a steel beam, 8, a rotating shaft, 9, a steel wire, 10, a spring, 11, a sliding rod, 12, a rotating shaft, 13, a connecting rod, 14, a rotating shaft, 15, a variable frequency motor, 16, a support platform, 17, a sliding chute, 18, a platform support, 19, a balance weight, 20, a steel support, 21, a steel wire, 22, a rotating shaft, 23, a steel wire, 24, a spring, 25, a pressure sensor and 26, a displacement sensor are arranged.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
As shown in fig. 1 to 7, the mechanical transmission controlled variable frequency cyclic load loading device with simple structure and low cost comprises a model box 2, a model pile 3, a vertical loading device, a horizontal loading device, a supporting system and a monitoring system. The method is characterized in that: the model pile 3 is replaceable, the top of the model pile is connected with a loading device through a connecting piece 4, and the model pile is fixed in the middle of the model box 2.
The supporting system comprises four steel supports 6, steel cross beams 7, a supporting platform 16 and platform supports 18, wherein the two steel supports 6 are respectively positioned on the left side and the right side of the model box in a group and used for fixing the steel cross beams, the steel support on the left side is outwards provided with an overhanging part, and a rotating shaft is arranged at the overhanging part; the number of the steel supports 20 is four, two steel supports are respectively positioned on the front side and the rear side of the model box in a group, and the rear steel support is outwards provided with an outward extending cantilever; the supporting platform 16 is positioned at the right side of the model box, is fixed on the steel support 6 and the platform support 18, and is used as a supporting part of the variable frequency motor 15.
The vertical loading device comprises a counterweight 5, rotating shafts 8, 12 and 14, a steel wire 9, a spring 10, a sliding rod 11, a connecting rod 13, a variable frequency motor 15 and a sliding chute 17, wherein the counterweight 5 is connected with the connecting piece 4, one end of the steel wire 9 is connected with the connecting piece 4, the other end of the steel wire is connected with the spring 10, and the spring 10 is connected with the sliding rod 11 through the steel wire 9; the sliding grooves 17 are positioned in the steel support 6, and the sliding rods 11 are positioned in the sliding grooves on two sides; the slide rod 11 is connected with a connecting rod 13 through a rotating shaft 12, and the connecting rod 13 is connected with a variable frequency motor 15 through a rotating shaft 14.
The horizontal loading device is the same as the vertical loading device except that the connecting positions of the counterweight 19, the steel support 20 and the steel wires 21 and 23 are different. More specifically, a part of the top of the steel support 20 horizontally extends outwards and is provided with a rotating shaft 22; one end of the steel wire 21 is connected with the spring 24, the other end of the steel wire bypasses the rotating shaft 22 to be connected with the connecting piece 4, and the opposite side of the connecting piece 4 is connected with the counterweight 19 through the steel wire 23.
The monitoring system comprises a pressure sensor 21 and a displacement sensor 22 which are connected with a data acquisition device, the pressure sensor 21 is used for monitoring a loading pressure value, and the displacement sensor 22 is used for monitoring the vertical displacement of the model pile 3 under cyclic load.
More specifically, the spring 10 and the counterweight 5 can be replaced by different specifications, the steel wire 9 is connected with the center of the sliding rod 11, the middle of the sliding rod 11 is hollowed, the hollowed width is 1mm larger than the diameter of the rotating shaft 12, the rotating shaft 12 is positioned at the hollowed part in the middle and moves left and right along the hollowed groove along with the operation of the variable frequency motor 15, so that the sliding rod 11 is driven to move up and down, the spring 10 is extended or shortened, the steel wire 9 generates tensile force, and the counterweight 5 on the upper part of the model pile 3 is matched to enable the model pile 3 to be stressed by different degrees of pressure; the relative position of one side of the supporting platform 16 close to the model box 2 and the variable frequency motor 15 is controlled in such a way that when the variable frequency motor 15 runs, the rotation of the connecting rod 13 is not influenced, and the variable frequency motor 15 can be stably fixed on the supporting platform 16; the vertical loading device can be used as a horizontal loading device, only the steel wire 9 is required to be connected with the side surface of the connecting piece 4 during the test, and the vertical loading device and the horizontal loading device can be used simultaneously but are limited to the vertical loading device and the horizontal loading device on the other side; the pressure sensor 25 and the displacement sensor 26 are mounted at variable positions according to actual conditions.
The cyclic load value of the invention is shown as formula (1):
F＝G-k·l(1-cos(θ)) (1)
in the formula, F represents the pulling (pressing) force applied to the model pile 3, G represents the gravity of the counterweight 5(19), k represents the stiffness coefficient of the spring 10(24), l represents the length of the connecting rod 13, and θ represents the angle between the connecting rod 13 and the vertical direction.
The settlement model test steps of model piles with different contact surfaces under vertical cyclic load are as follows:
1. filling a certain amount of soil 1 into the model box 2, and filling the soil 1 to the buried depth position of the model pile 3;
2. placing the model pile 3 vertically and centrally in the model box 2, and connecting the top of the model pile with a loading device through a connecting piece 4;
3. continuously filling a certain amount of soil 1 into the model box 2 to enable the soil to reach a specified position;
4. selecting proper specifications of the balance weight 5 and the spring 10, respectively installing the balance weight 5 and the spring 10 at a specified position, and fixing the connecting piece 4 and the model pile 3, the connecting piece 4 and the balance weight 5, the connecting piece 4 and the steel wire 9, the steel wire 9 and the spring 10, and the spring 10 and the sliding rod 11;
5. a switch of a variable frequency motor 15 is turned on, the variable frequency motor 15 starts to operate to drive a connecting rod 13 to rotate, the connecting rod 13 moves left and right along the hollow groove of the sliding rod 11 through a rotating shaft 12, the sliding rod is further driven to move up and down, the spring 10 is extended or shortened, the steel wire 9 generates tensile force, and the model pile 3 is subjected to pressures of different degrees and is continuously and circularly applied by matching with the counter weight 5 on the upper part of the model pile 3;
6. the cyclic loading pressure is recorded by the pressure sensor 25, and the vertical displacement of the model pile 3 under the vertical cyclic loading is monitored by the displacement sensor 26.
The settlement model test steps of the model piles with different contact surfaces under the horizontal cyclic load are similar to those of the vertical cyclic load, and the counterweight block 19 and the spring 24 only need to be replaced by proper specifications in the test process.
Claims (2)
1. The utility model provides a frequency conversion cyclic load loading test device of mechanical transmission control, includes mold box, model pile, vertical loading device, level to loading device, braced system, monitoring system, its characterized in that: the model pile is replaceable, the top of the model pile is connected with the loading device through a connecting piece, and the model pile is vertically fixed in the middle of the model box; the vertical loading device can apply vertical cyclic load to the model pile; the horizontal loading device can apply horizontal cyclic load to the model pile;
the vertical loading device comprises a balance weight, a rotating shaft, a steel wire, a spring, a sliding rod, a connecting rod, a variable frequency motor and a sliding chute, wherein the balance weight is connected with a connecting piece; the sliding grooves are positioned on the inner side of the right steel support, and the sliding rods are positioned in the sliding grooves on the two sides; the sliding rod is connected with a connecting rod through a rotating shaft, and the connecting rod is connected with a variable frequency motor through the rotating shaft; the variable frequency motor operates to drive the spring to extend and retract periodically, and load is transmitted to the model pile through the steel wire line, so that vertical cyclic load application of the model pile is realized;
the horizontal loading device comprises a balance weight, a rotating shaft, a steel wire, a spring, a sliding rod, a connecting rod, a variable frequency motor and a sliding chute, wherein one end of the steel wire is connected with the spring, the other end of the steel wire bypasses the rotating shaft and is connected with the side face of the connecting piece, and the opposite side of the connecting piece is connected with the balance weight through the steel wire;
the supporting system comprises eight steel supports, steel cross beams, a supporting platform and platform supports, wherein the two steel supports are respectively positioned on the front side, the rear side, the left side and the right side of the model box in a group, the left steel support and the right steel support are higher and are used for fixing the steel cross beams, the front steel support and the rear steel support are shorter, the left steel support and the rear steel support are respectively provided with an overhanging part, and a rotating shaft is arranged at the overhanging part; the supporting platform is positioned on the right side of the model box, is fixed on the platform support and is used as a supporting part of the variable frequency motor;
the monitoring system comprises a pressure sensor and a displacement sensor, both of which are connected with a data acquisition device, wherein the pressure sensor is used for monitoring a loading pressure value, and the displacement sensor is used for monitoring the displacement of the model pile under cyclic load;
the calculation expression of the circulating load values of the vertical loading device and the horizontal loading device is as follows:
F＝G-k·l(1-cos(θ))
in the formula, F represents the pulling (pressing) force applied to the model pile, G represents the gravity of the counterweight, k represents the stiffness coefficient of the spring, l represents the length of the connecting rod, and theta represents the included angle between the connecting rod and the vertical direction.
2. The mechanical transmission control variable frequency cyclic load loading test device according to claim 1, characterized in that: the removable different specifications of spring, counter weight, steel wire line be connected with the slide bar center, slide bar middle part fretwork, fretwork width ratio pivot diameter is 1mm more, the pivot is located middle part fretwork department, moves about following the fretwork groove along the operation of variable frequency motor, drives the slide bar and reciprocates, makes the spring extension or shorten, the steel wire line produces the pulling force, makes the model stake receive the pressure of equidimension not.
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Families Citing this family (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN111441398A (en) * | 2020-04-15 | 2020-07-24 | 中国石油大学(华东) | Circulating load loading test device for settlement test of petroleum storage tank group pile foundation |
| CN111335373A (en) * | 2020-04-15 | 2020-06-26 | 中国石油大学(华东) | A cyclic load loading test device for storage tank pile foundation settlement test |
| CN111441397A (en) * | 2020-04-15 | 2020-07-24 | 中国石油大学(华东) | Vertical cyclic load loading test device for oil tank pile foundation settlement test |
| CN111441396A (en) * | 2020-06-04 | 2020-07-24 | 中国石油大学(华东) | Vertical cyclic load loading test device for sedimentation test of storage tank group pile foundation |
| CN114737622B (en) * | 2022-04-12 | 2023-11-21 | 中电建华东勘测设计院(深圳)有限公司 | Device and method for applying plane cyclic load and vertical load to pile structure and keeping pile top free rotation |
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| CN109972670A (en) * | 2019-02-03 | 2019-07-05 | 华东交通大学 | The loading device of lower bearing capacity of pile foundation attribute testing is acted on for indoor combined load |
| CN110067267A (en) * | 2019-05-14 | 2019-07-30 | 浙江大学宁波理工学院 | Load the whirl spraying steel pipe combination stake simulating lab test device and method of various modes |
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2019
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Patent Citations (6)
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| SU1449641A1 (en) * | 1986-05-26 | 1989-01-07 | Проектно-Изыскательская Контора "Укрспецстройпроект" | Pile testing method |
| CN103510551A (en) * | 2013-09-18 | 2014-01-15 | 中交公路长大桥建设国家工程研究中心有限公司 | Three-directional static and dynamic loading model test platform for deep water foundations of bridges |
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| CN110067267A (en) * | 2019-05-14 | 2019-07-30 | 浙江大学宁波理工学院 | Load the whirl spraying steel pipe combination stake simulating lab test device and method of various modes |
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