CN203066126U - Test device for simulating vertical tension-compression load effect on pile foundations - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to a test device for simulating a pile foundation subjected to vertical tension and compression loads, comprising a simulation box, a pile foundation model, a loading lever assembly, a loading beam assembly, a horizontal chute and a vertical guide rail, the horizontal chute Located on both sides of the simulation box, the vertical guide rails are arranged on the side walls of the simulation box, the loading beam assembly is slidably connected to the horizontal chute, the loading lever assembly is connected to the loading beam assembly, the The pile foundation model described above is connected with the loading lever assembly and set in the simulation box. Compared with the prior art, the utility model has the advantages of wide application range, high simulation precision, simple loading method and the like.

Description

A test device for simulating pile foundations subjected to vertical tension and compression loads

technical field

The utility model relates to a model test loading device, in particular to a test device for simulating pile foundations subjected to vertical tension and compression loads.

Background technique

With the rapid development of my country's economy and the acceleration of urbanization, land resources are becoming increasingly tense. Engineering and construction projects are being developed in the air, underground and at sea. The complex and huge superstructure needs greater support from the foundation, and the traditional shallow foundation can no longer meet the demand. Pile foundation, as an ancient foundation form, has been developed rapidly and widely used in recent years.

The traditional pile foundation usually plays the role of bearing the pressure of the upper part. A lot of theoretical and experimental researches on its compressive bearing capacity have been carried out at home and abroad, and the research in this area is still going on. In recent years, with the development of underground space and marine engineering, due to the high groundwater level, underground buildings and structures often bear greater buoyancy. The problem of anti-floating of large-scale underground buildings has become the focus of engineering circles. In large-scale engineering construction, uplift piles have been widely used, and their practical effects and economic benefits have been paid more and more attention by engineers and technicians. However, the theory is far behind the practice in the research on the uplift pile. Years of engineering practice experience shows that the existing theory of uplift piles has certain limitations. Therefore, the research on the bearing capacity of uplift piles needs to be further deepened and improved.

Due to the complexity of the contact between the pile body and the soil, the determination of the bearing capacity of the pile body in current engineering practice often relies on field test piles. Theoretical research requires more assumptions, so it is very necessary to combine indoor model tests to derive and verify the correctness of theoretical research. In the indoor model test, the key technology is how to load the model piles simply and effectively. At present, vertical compressive loads are usually applied by heap loads or jacks, while tension often requires the use of more complex reaction devices.

Contents of the invention

The purpose of this utility model is to provide a test device for simulating pile foundations subjected to vertical tension and compression loads with wide application range, high simulation accuracy and simple loading method in order to overcome the above-mentioned defects in the prior art.

The purpose of this utility model can be achieved through the following technical solutions:

A test device for simulating pile foundations subjected to vertical tension and compression loads, including a simulation box, a pile foundation model, a loading lever assembly, a loading beam assembly, a horizontal chute and a vertical guide rail, and the horizontal chute is arranged in the simulation box On both sides, the vertical guide rails are arranged on the side walls of the simulation box, the loading beam assembly is slidably connected to the horizontal chute, the loading lever assembly is connected to the loading beam assembly, and the pile foundation The model is attached to the loading lever assembly and set inside the simulation box.

The simulation box includes an angle steel frame, plexiglass and reinforced angle steel. The angle steel frame is sealed and molded by the plexiglass, and the reinforced angle steel is arranged in the middle of the angle steel frame.

The loading crossbeam assembly includes a loading crossbeam, a crossbeam support column and a sliding support, the sliding support is slidably arranged on a horizontal chute, the crossbeam support column is connected with the sliding support, and the loading The beams are connected to the beam support columns.

The loading beam is H-shaped steel.

A plurality of uniformly distributed screw holes are provided on the beam support column, and the loading beam is adjustablely connected to the beam support column by bolts.

The loading lever assembly includes a loading lever, a loading rod, a fixed support, a movable hinge support, a fixed angle steel, a fixed pulley, an angle steel bracket, a steel strand and a weight plate, and the fulcrum of the loading lever passes through the fixed support It is variably connected to the loading beam, one end of the loading rod is connected to the loading lever through the movable hinge support, and the other end passes through the fixed angle steel to connect the pile foundation model, and the fixed pulley is connected to the simulation box through the angle steel bracket. One end of the steel strand is connected to the loading lever, and the other end is connected to the weight plate through a fixed pulley, and the vertical direction is maintained.

One end of the loading lever is connected with the vertical guide rail, and moves vertically along the vertical guide rail.

The fixed angle steel is fixed on the simulation box by bolts, and a reserved hole for passing the loading rod is arranged on it.

The fixed support includes a backing plate and an I-shaped steel pad. The backing plate and the I-shaped steel pad are respectively arranged on the upper and lower sides of the loading lever and clamp the loading lever through bolts. The I-shaped steel pad The block is connected with the loading beam by bolts;

The movable hinge support includes an upper block, a lower block and a movable hinge. The upper block and the lower block are respectively arranged on the upper and lower sides of the loading lever and clamp the loading lever by bolts. The movable hinge It is welded with the lower block, and the loading rod is connected with the movable hinge.

There are two movable hinge supports, which are respectively arranged at the two ends of the loading lever, and the two movable hinge supports are respectively connected to the two pile foundation models through the loading rod.

Compared with the prior art, the utility model has the following advantages:

1) The utility model has a wide application range and high simulation accuracy, and breaks through the limitation that the existing test device can only use jacks and complex reaction devices to realize vertical tension and pressure loading;

2) The utility model can save loading force by changing the arm of force;

3) The position of the pile foundation model in the simulation box of the utility model is also relatively free, and the position of the upper loading rod can also be moved freely;

4) The loading method is greatly simplified, and the loading can be achieved only by placing weights on the weight plate outside the simulation box.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the front view of the utility model;

Fig. 2 is the top view of the utility model;

Fig. 3 is a partial side view of the loading lever of the present invention;

Fig. 4 is a partial side view of the vertical guide rail of the present invention.

In the figure: 1. Pile foundation model; 2. Simulation box; 3. Bolt; 4. Loading rod; 5. Movable hinge support; 6. Loading lever; guide rail; 10. reserved hole; 11. fixed pulley; 12. fixed angle steel; 13. steel strand; 14. angle steel bracket; 15. weight plate; 16. sliding support; 17. loading beam; 18. angle steel Frame; 19, reinforced angle steel; 20, plexiglass; 21, horizontal chute; 22, backing plate; 23, I-beam pad; 24, upper pad; 25, lower pad.

Detailed ways

The utility model will be described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. This embodiment is carried out on the premise of the technical solution of the utility model, and the detailed implementation and specific operation process are given, but the protection scope of the utility model is not limited to the following examples.

Example

As shown in Figures 1 to 4, a test device for simulating pile foundations subjected to vertical tension and compression loads, including a simulation box 2, a pile foundation model 1, a loading lever assembly, a loading beam assembly, a horizontal chute 21 and a vertical Guide rails 9 and horizontal chute 21 are arranged on both sides of the simulation box 2, vertical guide rails 9 are arranged on the side wall of the simulation box 2, the loading beam assembly is slidably connected to the horizontal chute 21, and the loading lever assembly is connected to the loading beam assembly , the pile foundation model 1 is connected with the loading lever assembly and set in the simulation box 2.

Simulation box 2 comprises angle steel frame 18, plexiglass 20 and reinforced angle steel 19, and the front, rear, left, and right sides of angle steel frame 18 are sealed and molded by plexiglass 20, and reinforced angle steel 19 is arranged in the middle part of angle steel frame 18, and using plexiglass 20 can facilitate observation test The displacement of the middle soil and pile foundation models.

The loading crossbeam assembly comprises loading crossbeam 17, crossbeam supporting column 7 and sliding support 16, and sliding bearing 16 is slidably located on the horizontal chute 21, and crossbeam supporting column 7 is connected with sliding bearing 16 by bolt, and loading crossbeam 17 and The beam support columns 7 are connected, and the loading beam 17 is H-shaped steel. A plurality of uniformly distributed screw holes are provided on the beam support column 7 , and the loading beam 17 is adjustably connected to the beam support column 7 by matching the bolts with the screw holes.

The loading lever assembly includes a loading lever 6, a loading rod 4, a fixed support 8, a movable hinge support 5, a fixed angle steel 12, a fixed pulley 11, an angle steel bracket 14, a steel strand 13 and a weight plate 15, and the fulcrum of the loading lever 6 The fixed support 8 is variably connected to the loading beam 17, one end of the loading rod 4 is connected to the loading lever 6 through the movable hinge support 5, and the other end passes through the fixed angle steel 12 to connect the pile foundation model 1, and the fixed pulley 11 passes through the angle steel bracket 14 Connected on the simulation box 2, one end of the steel strand 13 is connected with the loading lever 6, and the other end is connected with the weight disc 15 through the fixed pulley 11, and keeps the vertical direction, and the loading weight is placed on the weight disc 15.

One end of the loading lever 6 is connected with the vertical guide rail 9, moves vertically along the vertical guide rail 9, and is constrained by the vertical guide rail in the horizontal direction.

The fixed angle steel 12 is fixed on the simulation box 2 by bolts, and a reserved hole 10 for passing the loading rod is arranged on it.

As shown in Figure 3, the fixed support 8 includes a backing plate 22 and an I-shaped steel pad 23, the backing plate 22 and the I-shaped steel pad 23 are respectively arranged on the upper and lower sides of the loading lever 6 and clamp the loading lever 6 by bolts, The I-shaped steel block 23 is connected with the loading beam 17 by bolts; the movable hinge support 5 includes an upper block 24, a lower block 25 and a movable hinge, and the upper block 24 and the lower block 25 are respectively arranged on the upper and lower sides of the loading lever 6. Both sides clamp the loading lever 6 by bolts, the movable hinge is welded with the lower pad 25, and the loading rod 4 is connected with the movable hinge. Because it is not welded, the living hinge support can be freely arranged along the lever.

There are two movable hinge supports 5, which are respectively located at the two ends of the loading lever, and the two movable hinge supports are respectively connected to the two pile foundation models 1 through the loading rod.

As shown in Figures 1-2, the simulation box has a length of 1500mm, a height of 1000mm, and a width of 1000mm. It is composed of an angle steel frame 18 and plexiglass 20, and a reinforced angle steel 19 is installed in the middle of the simulation box. The width is 75mm and the thickness is 5mm. , the thickness of plexiglass 20 is 10mm, it is convenient to observe the internal displacement of the soil body, the length of the loading beam 17 is 1200mm, the height of the beam support column 7 is 600mm, the width is 100mm, and the thickness is 10mm, and both sides of the beam support column 7 are equidistantly arranged There are 16 screw holes, and the loading beam 17 and the support column 7 are connected by bolts through the screw holes, which is easy to disassemble and adjust the position of the loading equipment; the loading lever 6 is made of channel steel, with a length of 1500mm, a height of 100mm, a leg width of 48mm, 5.3mm thick. The loading rod 4 is a circular steel pipe with a diameter of 20 mm. The fixed angle steel 12 is to fix the horizontal position of the vertical loading rod, with a width of 50 mm and a thickness of 3 mm. Fixed pulley 11 diameter 25mm, steel strand 13 diameter 3mm, long 600mm. As shown in Figure 3, the upper and lower pads of the movable hinge support 5 are made of iron blocks, with a length of 60mm, a width of 60mm, and a thickness of 4mm; the diameter of the rotating shaft of the movable hinge support 5 is 3mm; as shown in Figure 4, the vertical guide rail 9 is composed of left and right symmetrical angle steels, the angle steels are 50mm wide, 3mm thick and 400mm vertically high.

The working process of this device: fill the test soil in the simulation box 2, and embed the pile foundation model 1 in the soil, which can be used for half or full mold of single pile, pile group, caisson foundation and pile-well composite foundation Test, adjust the position of the loading beam 17 so that the loading rod 4 is on the same plane as the pile foundation model 1; adjust the position of the loading lever 6 on the loading beam 17 so that the center of the loading rod is aligned with the center of the pile foundation model; Position on the guide rail 9 so that the end of the loading lever can pass through the fixed pulley and be fixed after the steel strand is connected; by adding weights to control, the vertical tension and compression load can be realized on the foundation, and the loading situation can be recorded in real time ( Load size); data can be collected through the measuring device to analyze the bearing and deformation characteristics of the pile foundation model, as well as the displacement of the soil around the pile.

Claims (10)

1. a test device for simulating pile foundations subjected to vertical tension and compression loads, is characterized in that it comprises simulation box, pile foundation model, loading lever assembly, loading crossbeam assembly, horizontal chute and vertical guide rail, and described horizontal The chute is arranged on both sides of the simulation box, the vertical guide rail is arranged on the side wall of the simulation box, the loading beam assembly is slidably connected to the horizontal chute, and the loading lever assembly is connected to the loading beam assembly , the pile foundation model is connected with the loading lever assembly and set in the simulation box. 2. a kind of test device that simulates pile foundation according to claim 1 is subjected to vertical tension and compression load, it is characterized in that, described simulation box comprises angle steel frame, plexiglass and reinforcement angle steel, and described angle steel frame passes through The plexiglass is sealed and molded, and the reinforced angle steel is arranged in the middle part of the angle steel frame. 3. A kind of test device for simulating pile foundations subjected to vertical tension and compression loads according to claim 1, wherein said loading beam assembly comprises loading beams, beam support columns and sliding bearings, said The sliding support is slidably arranged on the horizontal chute, the crossbeam support column is connected with the slide support, and the loading crossbeam is connected with the crossbeam support column. 4. A test device for simulating pile foundations subjected to vertical tension and compression loads according to claim 3, wherein said loading beam is H-shaped steel. 5. A kind of test device for simulating pile foundations subjected to vertical tension and compression loads according to claim 3, characterized in that, said beam support columns are provided with a plurality of evenly distributed screw holes, and said loading The crossbeam is adjustably connected to the crossbeam supporting column by bolts. 6. A test device for simulating pile foundations subjected to vertical tension and compression loads according to claim 3, wherein said loading lever assembly comprises a loading lever, a loading rod, a fixed support, and a movable hinge support , fixed angle steel, fixed pulley, angle steel bracket, steel strand and weight plate, the fulcrum of the described loading lever is variably connected with the loading beam through the fixed support, and one end of the described loading rod is connected through the movable hinge support Loading lever, the other end passes through the fixed angle steel connection pile foundation model, the fixed pulley is connected to the simulation box through the angle steel bracket, one end of the steel strand is connected to the loading lever, and the other end is connected to the weight plate through the fixed pulley , and keep the vertical orientation. 7. A kind of test device for simulating pile foundations subjected to vertical tension and compression loads according to claim 6, characterized in that, one end of the loading lever is connected with the vertical guide rail, along the vertical guide rail in the vertical direction on sports. 8. A test device for simulating pile foundations subjected to vertical tension and compression loads according to claim 6, wherein the fixed angle steel is fixed on the simulation box by bolts, and is provided with the The reserved hole for the rod. 9. A test device for simulating pile foundations subjected to vertical tension and compression loads according to claim 6, wherein said fixed support comprises a backing plate and an I-shaped steel spacer, and said backing plate and I-shaped steel pads are respectively arranged on the upper and lower sides of the loading lever and clamp the loading lever through bolts, and the I-shaped steel pads are connected with the loading beam through bolts; The movable hinge support includes an upper block, a lower block and a movable hinge. The upper block and the lower block are respectively arranged on the upper and lower sides of the loading lever and clamp the loading lever by bolts. The movable hinge It is welded with the lower block, and the loading rod is connected with the movable hinge. 10. A kind of test device for simulating pile foundations subjected to vertical tension and compression loads according to claim 9, characterized in that, said movable hinge support is provided with two, respectively located at the two ends of the loading lever, The two living hinge supports are respectively connected to the two pile foundation models through loading rods.

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