CN110284535B - Vertical load loading device for civil engineering field test - Google Patents
Vertical load loading device for civil engineering field test Download PDFInfo
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- CN110284535B CN110284535B CN201910558613.XA CN201910558613A CN110284535B CN 110284535 B CN110284535 B CN 110284535B CN 201910558613 A CN201910558613 A CN 201910558613A CN 110284535 B CN110284535 B CN 110284535B
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D33/00—Testing foundations or foundation structures
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Abstract
The invention discloses a vertical load loading device for a civil engineering field test, which comprises a test model, a bored pile foundation, a reserved hole channel, a first steel backing plate, a first deformed steel bar, a force transfer beam, a hinged connecting piece, a second deformed steel bar, a main counter-force beam, a hollow jack, a load sensor and an inclination angle sensor, wherein the first steel backing plate is fixedly connected with the first steel backing plate; the device takes a bored pile foundation as a counter-force component, connects the pile foundation and an upper device through high-strength finish-rolled deformed steel bar, and applies load to a test model by reversely pushing a main counter-force beam by using a hollow jack. The invention can meet the vertical load loading requirement of civil engineering field test, and the finish rolling screw steel connection is used to accelerate the construction speed of the loading device and reduce the field construction difficulty. The device can flexibly adjust the installation height of the main reaction beam, thereby meeting the test requirements of different models. In addition, the device can stably apply vertical load when the test model is subjected to displacement caused by horizontal load.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of loading of load tests, and particularly relates to a vertical load loading device for a civil engineering field test.
Background
The soil-foundation-structure interaction is a major research topic in the civil engineering discipline, and has been attracting wide attention and research at home and abroad for decades. The design calculation of structures such as traditional building bridges and the like is based on rigid foundation assumption, and the static balance analysis calculation is carried out on soil bodies, foundations and structures as discrete independent units. However, for the design of large complex structures, it is not reasonable to continue to use the traditional rigid foundation assumption. Recent research results prove that the soil body, the foundation and the structure are mutually connected and mutually influenced, and the coupling analysis should be carried out as a whole. The soil-foundation-structure interaction relates to a plurality of fields of geotechnical engineering, structural engineering, seismic engineering and the like, and comprises a plurality of front-edge research subjects of nonlinearity, large deformation, contact surface, local discontinuity and the like. At present, the research methods for the soil-foundation-structure interaction mainly comprise a theoretical analysis method and a test method, wherein the field test method is the most effective way for researching the soil-foundation-structure interaction. The field test can reflect the working properties of the foundation and the structure under the condition of the natural soil body, and provides important theoretical basis and actual data for analysis and research, thereby promoting the depth of related research work. At present, field tests aiming at soil-foundation-structure interaction at home and abroad are very limited, and most of the field tests are used for researching the working properties of foundations and structures by applying single vertical load or horizontal load. But under the action of earthquakes, wind, impacts and the like, vertical loads and horizontal loads can be simultaneously applied to the foundation and the structure. Therefore, the currently used field test method has certain limitations and cannot completely reflect the real working properties of the foundation and the structure under complex loads. The load loading device for the field test has the problems of high construction difficulty, high investment, long period and the like, and the related field test is limited. In addition, the foundation and the structure can generate horizontal displacement under horizontal load, and the vertical load loading device for the current field test has less requirements on stable loading when the foundation and the structure generate horizontal displacement.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems, the invention discloses a vertical load loading device for civil engineering field tests, which has low construction difficulty and high construction speed and can flexibly adjust the load loading height according to the test requirements of different civil engineering structure models; the stable loading can be still maintained when the model generates horizontal displacement; the test investment is reduced by the repeated use of most components.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
a vertical load loading device for civil engineering field test comprises a test model, a bored pile foundation, a reserved hole channel, a first steel base plate, a first deformed steel bar, a force transfer beam, a hinged connecting piece, a second deformed steel bar, a main counter-force beam, a hollow jack, a second steel base plate, a load sensor and an inclination angle sensor; the number of the bored pile foundations is four, and the first steel base plate is embedded at the bottom of the bored pile foundations; the center of the first steel base plate is provided with a hole, the back of the first steel base plate is welded with a hexagon nut, the reserved hole channel is vertically arranged on the axis of the bored pile foundation, the first deformed steel bar penetrates into the reserved hole channel, and the tail end of the first deformed steel bar penetrates through the first steel base plate and is connected with the hexagon nut; the test model is placed on the ground, the force transfer beams are arranged at the top of the foundation of the bored pile and fixed with the first deformed steel bar, the test model is arranged between the two force transfer beams, and the force transfer beams are provided with hinged connectors and connected with a second deformed steel bar with a hinged connector at one end; the screw-thread steel II is vertically arranged, the main counter-force beam penetrates through the screw-thread steel II and stretches across the top of the test model, and an inclination angle sensor is arranged on the side surface of the main counter-force beam; the hollow jack and the load sensor penetrate through the second deformed steel bar and are arranged at the top of the main counter-force beam, and a fixing nut is arranged above the load sensor and is connected with the second deformed steel bar; the hollow jack pushes the main counter-force beam reversely, so that vertical load is applied to the test model.
Further, a second steel base plate is arranged between the hollow jack and the load sensor.
Furthermore, the first deformed steel bar and the second deformed steel bar are high-strength finish-rolled deformed steel bars.
The test method comprises the following steps:
(1) during testing, the hollow jack is started to push the main counter-force beam reversely, and vertical load is applied to the test model;
(2) when the device deflects a certain angle along with the horizontal displacement of the test model, the load sensor and the inclination angle sensor are utilized to calculate the vertical component load and the horizontal component load applied to the model,
(3) and correcting the hydraulic pressure of the jack and keeping the stable loading of the vertical load.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the loading requirement of the vertical load of the civil engineering field test is met. The device provides bearing capacity meeting the civil engineering field test requirement by utilizing a plurality of bored cast-in-place pile foundations; meanwhile, the high-strength finish rolling deformed steel bar penetrating through the reserved hole channel is utilized to transfer the drawing force of the pile top to the pile bottom, and the drawing force is applied to the pile foundation in a pressure mode through the steel base plate, so that the tensile stress generated in the pile foundation is avoided.
2. The construction is convenient. The parts of the device are all connected by using finish-rolled deformed steel bars, so that the aim of quickly constructing on site can be fulfilled; on the premise of ensuring the strength, the high-strength deformed steel bar reduces the weight of the device, thereby reducing the hoisting difficulty.
3. The height of applying the load can be flexibly adjusted, and the universalization of different test models is realized. The height of the main counterforce beam of the device can be changed along with the height of the test model; by adjusting the fixing nut, the position of the main counter-force beam can be guaranteed to be matched with the height of the test model.
4. The stable loading can be kept when the model is subjected to horizontal displacement. The upper device is connected with the foundation through a hinge, can generate certain inclination along with the horizontal displacement of the model, and at the moment, the jack can still load the test model through the main counter-force beam; the direction of the applied load can deflect a certain angle along with the inclination of the device, but the vertical direction component load and the horizontal direction component load applied to the model can be calculated by utilizing the load sensor arranged at the top of the jack and the inclination angle sensor arranged on the main reaction beam; and correcting the hydraulic pressure of the jack according to the loading plan, so that the stable loading of the vertical load can be realized.
5. Can be repeatedly used, and reduces the test cost. Except the pile foundation and the steel base plate at the bottom of the pile foundation, other parts can be repeatedly used after the test is finished; if a plurality of models need to be tested in the same field, a pile foundation can be added and built on one side of the existing pile foundation, one side of the existing pile foundation is repeatedly used, and a new loading device is built.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a front view of the apparatus of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a side view of the apparatus of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a structural view and a detailed view of the pile foundation of the present invention.
List of reference numerals:
the method comprises the following steps of 1-drilling a cast-in-place pile foundation, 2-reserved hole channels, 3-steel backing plate I, 4-deformed steel I, 5-force transfer beam, 6-hinged connecting piece, 7-deformed steel II, 8-main counter-force beam, 9-hollow jack, 10-steel backing plate II, 11-load sensor, 12-inclination angle sensor, 13-fixing nut, 14-test model and 15-ground.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be further illustrated with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments, which are to be understood as merely illustrative of the invention and not as limiting the scope of the invention. It should be noted that the terms "front," "back," "left," "right," "upper" and "lower" used in the following description refer to directions in the drawings, and the terms "inner" and "outer" refer to directions toward and away from, respectively, the geometric center of a particular component.
In the invention, the pile hole of the bored pile foundation 1 is accurately positioned before excavation, so that the relative position of the pile hole and a test model is accurate. The bored pile foundation 1 should be designed according to the size of the vertical load required by the field test. The distance between the centers of the pile foundations is more than 2.5 times of the diameter of the pile foundation.
The invention relates to a vertical load loading device for civil engineering field test, which comprises the following concrete construction processes:
step 1: fixing a steel base plate I3 with a hole at the center and welded with a hexagon nut and a pipeline for reserving the hole channel 2 to the pile foundation reinforcement cage, and ensuring that the steel base plate I is positioned at the center of the reinforcement cage; putting a reinforcement cage into the pile hole, and pouring pile foundation concrete; during the pouring process, the concrete should be prevented from overflowing into the pipeline reserved with the vertical pore passage. After the concrete is finally solidified, the concrete passes through the vertical reserved hole channel 2, and the high-strength finish-rolled deformed steel bar I4 is screwed into the hexagonal nut at the bottom of the pile foundation;
step 2: and the transfer beam 5 penetrates through the high-strength finish-rolled deformed steel bar I4 through the opening of the transfer beam and is placed on the bored pile foundation 1. Installing a high-strength hinged connecting piece 6 on the force transfer beam 5, tensioning the deformed steel bar I4 from the top end, and anchoring by using a nut to ensure that the force transfer beam 5 is fixed on the bored pile foundation 1;
and step 3: connecting a second high-strength finish-rolled deformed steel bar 7 with a hinged connecting piece 6 on the force transmission beam by using a hinged connector at the bottom end of the second high-strength finish-rolled deformed steel bar; the high-strength finish-rolled deformed steel bar II 7 penetrates through the openings at the two ends of the main reaction beam 8, the main reaction beam 8 is hoisted to the top end of the test model 14, and the side face of the main reaction beam 8 is provided with an inclination angle sensor 12;
and 4, step 4: and (3) penetrating the hollow jack 9, the second steel base plate 10 and the load sensor 11 through the second high-strength finish-rolled deformed steel bar 7, placing the hollow jack on the main counter-force beam 8, and screwing the fixing nut 13 above the hollow jack into the hollow jack to complete the construction of the device.
During the test, the hollow jack 9 pushes the main reaction beam 8 reversely, and applies a vertical load to the test model 14. When the device deflects a certain angle along with the horizontal displacement of the test model 14, the load sensor 11 arranged at the bottom of the jack and the inclination angle sensor 12 arranged on the main reaction beam are utilized to calculate the vertical load and the horizontal load applied to the test model 14, and the hydraulic pressure of the jack is corrected according to a loading plan to keep the stable loading of the vertical load.
The technical means disclosed in the invention scheme are not limited to the technical means disclosed in the above embodiments, but also include the technical scheme formed by any combination of the above technical features.
Claims (2)
1. The utility model provides a vertical load loading device for civil engineering field test which characterized in that: the device comprises a test model (14), a bored pile foundation (1), a reserved hole channel (2), a steel backing plate I (3), a deformed steel bar I (4), a force transfer beam (5), a hinged connecting piece (6), a deformed steel bar II (7), a main counter-force beam (8), a hollow jack (9), a load sensor (11) and an inclination angle sensor (12); the number of the bored pile foundations (1) is four, and the first steel base plate (3) is embedded at the bottom of the bored pile foundations (1); the center of the first steel base plate (3) is provided with a hole, a hexagon nut is welded on the back side of the first steel base plate, the reserved hole channel (2) is vertically arranged on the axis of the bored pile foundation (1), the first deformed steel bar (4) penetrates into the reserved hole channel (2), and the tail end of the first deformed steel bar penetrates through the first steel base plate (3) to be connected with the hexagon nut; the force transfer beams (5) are arranged at the top of the bored pile foundation (1) and are fixed with the first deformed steel bar (4), the test model (14) is arranged between the two force transfer beams (5), and the force transfer beams (5) are provided with hinged connectors (6) and are connected with the second deformed steel bar (7) with hinged connectors at one end; the deformed steel bar II (7) is vertically arranged, the main reaction beam penetrates through the deformed steel bar II (7) and stretches across the top of the test model, and an inclination angle sensor (12) is arranged on the side surface of the main reaction beam (8); the hollow jack (9) and the load sensor (11) penetrate through the second deformed steel bar and are installed at the top of the main reaction beam (8), and a fixing nut is arranged above the load sensor (11) and connected with the second deformed steel bar (7).
2. The test method of the vertical load loading device for civil engineering field test according to claim 1, characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:
(1) during testing, the hollow jack is started to push the main counter-force beam reversely, and vertical load is applied to the test model;
(2) when the device deflects a certain angle along with the horizontal displacement of the test model, the load sensor and the inclination angle sensor are utilized to calculate the vertical component load and the horizontal component load applied to the test model,
(3) and correcting the hydraulic pressure of the hollow jack and keeping the stable loading of the vertical load.
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| CN201910558613.XA CN110284535B (en) | 2019-06-26 | 2019-06-26 | Vertical load loading device for civil engineering field test |
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| CN201910558613.XA CN110284535B (en) | 2019-06-26 | 2019-06-26 | Vertical load loading device for civil engineering field test |
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| CN110284535B true CN110284535B (en) | 2021-04-23 |
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| CN111272582B (en) * | 2019-12-09 | 2022-11-08 | 中国建筑股份有限公司 | System and method for testing structure one-way compression shear static force |
| CN111638116B (en) * | 2020-05-27 | 2023-05-09 | 中铁北京工程局集团第一工程有限公司 | Vertical reaction frame for stress test of prefabricated bridge pier and assembling process of vertical reaction frame |
| CN111751226A (en) * | 2020-07-06 | 2020-10-09 | 华侨大学 | Testing device for bending resistance, bearing capacity and deformation performance of rammed soil and wood beam node and using method thereof |
| CN113218642B (en) * | 2021-04-26 | 2022-07-01 | 株洲时代新材料科技股份有限公司 | Transverse steel damper test method and test device |
| CN113848308A (en) * | 2021-09-18 | 2021-12-28 | 中南林业科技大学 | Slope model test loading device and method |
| CN116378124B (en) * | 2023-06-05 | 2023-07-28 | 广东电网有限责任公司广州供电局 | Device for measuring foundation load force of stay cable iron tower based on portal frame lifting system |
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| DE3823764C2 (en) * | 1988-07-13 | 1993-11-25 | Fraunhofer Ges Forschung | Test rig for testing axle construction of a commercial vehicle |
| CN201756692U (en) * | 2010-06-17 | 2011-03-09 | 张佩军 | Stay cable anti-pulling apparatus for anchoring at pile bottom |
| CN205228930U (en) * | 2015-12-14 | 2016-05-11 | 江苏科技大学 | Building vertical member loading device with adjustable |
| CN106802224A (en) * | 2017-03-20 | 2017-06-06 | 杭州邦威机电控制工程有限公司 | A kind of modularization electro-hydraulic servo vertical load loading device |
| CN107938722B (en) * | 2017-10-25 | 2019-09-17 | 中交第二航务工程局有限公司 | The field testing procedure that horizontal whirl-sprayed pile influences Vertical Bearing Capacity of Pile Foundation |
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