CN110044315A - Roundness measuring system - Google Patents
Roundness measuring system Download PDFInfo
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- CN110044315A CN110044315A CN201910376406.2A CN201910376406A CN110044315A CN 110044315 A CN110044315 A CN 110044315A CN 201910376406 A CN201910376406 A CN 201910376406A CN 110044315 A CN110044315 A CN 110044315A
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- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 75
- 230000006698 induction Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 230000003750 conditioning effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- NJPPVKZQTLUDBO-UHFFFAOYSA-N novaluron Chemical compound C1=C(Cl)C(OC(F)(F)C(OC(F)(F)F)F)=CC=C1NC(=O)NC(=O)C1=C(F)C=CC=C1F NJPPVKZQTLUDBO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 27
- 238000003780 insertion Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000037431 insertion Effects 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- GOLXNESZZPUPJE-UHFFFAOYSA-N spiromesifen Chemical compound CC1=CC(C)=CC(C)=C1C(C(O1)=O)=C(OC(=O)CC(C)(C)C)C11CCCC1 GOLXNESZZPUPJE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 10
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 7
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000002457 bidirectional effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000033001 locomotion Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012951 Remeasurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000033228 biological regulation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009795 derivation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000010365 information processing Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003447 ipsilateral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008447 perception Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B21/00—Measuring arrangements or details thereof, where the measuring technique is not covered by the other groups of this subclass, unspecified or not relevant
- G01B21/20—Measuring arrangements or details thereof, where the measuring technique is not covered by the other groups of this subclass, unspecified or not relevant for measuring contours or curvatures, e.g. determining profile
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B5/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of mechanical techniques
- G01B5/0002—Arrangements for supporting, fixing or guiding the measuring instrument or the object to be measured
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B7/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of electric or magnetic techniques
- G01B7/28—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of electric or magnetic techniques for measuring contours or curvatures
- G01B7/282—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of electric or magnetic techniques for measuring contours or curvatures for measuring roundness
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- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- A Measuring Device Byusing Mechanical Method (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention provides a kind of roundness measuring system, including survey round frame, including extend vertically shaft, horizontal extension and be fixed on the linking arm of shaft a point, extend and be fixed on vertically the measurement arm of linking arm b point；Distance sensing device is fixed on measurement arm c point, and induction is oriented parallel to linking arm, to detect induction end in the surface distance M in induction direction and tested central portion；The inclination angle theta of linking arm relative level when inclination angle sensing device is used to feel side actual measurement；Data acquisition and conditioning device are communicated with distance sensing device and inclination angle sensing device, detect signal formation detection data to acquire, improve it；Data processing equipment receives detection data, according to a point and b point distance L1, b point and c point distance L2, induction end is away from c point distance L3, M and θ, calculate under each angle, linking arm is when in a horizontal state, the radial spacing N of induction end and tested round parts surface, and utilizes pre-set programs, and the circularities of tested central portion are calculated according to N.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to Roundness Measuring Technique fields, more particularly to a kind of roundness measuring system.
Background technique
Hydro-electric power generating equipment has the central portion of many large sizes to need to carry out roundness measurement, such as seat ring, the top of the hydraulic turbine
Lid and the seal ring of base ring, generator unit stator, generator upper and lower straightening machine frame, generator unit stator, rotor, mixed-flow water turbine runner it is upper
Runner band seal, the axle journal of each guide bearing of unit, big shaft flange etc..
General roundness measuring system generally includes to survey round frame and the sensor for ranging.Surveying round frame includes being vertically arranged
And the shaft with tested round element coaxial positioning, the horizontal extension and linking arm on shaft top is fixed in one end, and prolong vertically
It stretches and the measurement arm of the linking arm other end is fixed on top.It measures arm bottom end and sensor is installed.When measurement, shaft turns to multiple
Predetermined angle, between each angle position lower sensor induction end of sensor measurement and the radial direction of tested central portion circumferential surface
Away from calculating the multiple spot radius of tested central portion with this, calculate circularities by multiple spot radius value.
But since central portion size is larger, linking arm is usually longer, because the factors such as deflection deformation cause to be difficult to keep water
Flat posture so that measurement arm be difficult to keep the induction direction of sensor is eventually led in vertical posture may be not in rounded portions
In the radial direction, the spacing for causing it to be surveyed not is radial spacing to part.Therefore, to guarantee that data are accurate, each measuring point measurement
It is preceding to need to operate extremely complex to round frame progress angle calibration system is surveyed.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of the invention is to overcome the drawbacks described above of the prior art, a kind of roundness measuring system is provided, with more
Simple mode avoids the angular deviation for surveying round frame from influencing roundness measurement precision.
It is of the invention further objective is that expand the scope of application of roundness measuring system.
Particularly, the present invention provides a kind of roundness measuring systems comprising:
Survey round frame comprising shaft, horizontal extension and the fixed company for extending vertically and being arranged with tested round element coaxial
It is connected to the linking arm of shaft top a point and extension and top is fixedly connected on the measurement arm of linking arm b point vertically；
Distance sensing device is fixedly connected on measurement arm bottom c point, and the induction of induction end is oriented parallel to linking arm,
When with measurement arm center axis thereof to each predetermined angle around the shaft, detection induction end on induction direction with measured circle
The surface distance M of shape component；
Inclination angle sensing device is installed on linking arm or measurement arm, and linking arm is relative to level when for feeling side actual measurement
The inclination angle theta in face；
Data acquisition and conditioning device, are communicated with distance sensing device and inclination angle sensing device with predetermined manner, to acquire,
It improves it and detects signal, form detection data；With
Data processing equipment is communicated with data acquisition and conditioning device with predetermined manner, to receive detection data, according to a
Point and b point distance L1, b point and c point distance L2, distance L of the induction end away from c point3, M and θ, calculate under each predetermined angle, even
Connect that arm is when in a horizontal state, the radial spacing N on the surface of induction end and tested central portion, and pre-set programs are utilized, according to N
Calculate the circularities of tested central portion.
Optionally, data processing equipment calculates N:N=L according to the following formula1(1-cosθ)+Mcosθ+L3(cosθ-1)+
L2sinθ。
Optionally, distance sensing device is non-contact displacement transducer.
Optionally, inclination angle sensing device and measurement arm are connected to the same end of linking arm.
Optionally, round frame is surveyed further include: positioning pedestal, for being positioned with tested round element coaxial, in positioning pedestal
Mandrel line extends along the vertical direction and offers multiple location holes of the opposite central axis rotational symmetry, shaft and positioning pedestal
It is axially mounted on thereon, and a positioning pin moving up and down can be provided with around the center axis thereof of positioning pedestal, shaft；With
Motor, for controllably direct or indirect drive shaft rotation；And survey round frame and be configured to: being turned manually shaft, and every
When turning to the angle for keeping positioning pin opposite with preset location hole, positioning pin is made to move down insertion location hole, to forbid shaft to turn
It is dynamic, so that distance sensing device detects its surface distance M with tested central portion；Or positioning pin is made to be maintained at disengaging positioning
The position in hole makes motor operation drive measurement arm continuous rotation, distance sensing device is made continuously to detect itself and tested central portion
Surface distance M.
Optionally, round frame is surveyed further include: electric lock, after positioning pin moves up and is detached from location hole, controllably locking positioning
Pin；Elastic element applies downward elastic pre-stress, to positioning pin after positioning pin is locked to unlock in electric lock
Afterwards, positioning pin is promoted to move down insertion location hole.
Optionally, shaft and linking arm respectively offer the limit hole that positioning pin passes through；Elastic element is to cover on positioning pin
Pressure spring, the upper end is resisted against linking arm bottom surface, and lower end is resisted against the shaft shoulder top surface of positioning pin；Axis is offered at the top of positioning pin
Horizontal-extending lockhole；And electric lock is installed on linking arm comprising the lock pin that can be moved horizontally by driving makes to lock will pass through
Pin insertion is detached from lockhole, completes the locking and unlocking to positioning pin.
Optionally, round frame is surveyed further include: drawstring is connected to the top of positioning pin；With at least one fixed pulley, it is installed on
Linking arm is determined so that drawstring extends downwardly after bypassing fixed pulley to be driven in the lower section for surveying round frame by drawing drawstring downwards
Position pin moves up.
Optionally, the first tooth that positioning pedestal includes the sleeve being vertically arranged and is coaxially fixable at the top of sleeve with sleeve
Wheel, multiple location holes are opened in the end face of first gear；Shaft lower end is rotatably inserted sleeve；And motor is vertically arranged and consolidates
Due to being equipped with second gear engaged with the first gear on linking arm, output shaft, to make second gear in motor operation
Motor is driven to rotate around first gear, so that motor be made to drive linking arm rotation.
Optionally, round frame is surveyed further include: the upper end of multiple support rods, each support rod supports linking arm；Arc sliding hoop,
It is connect with the lower end of each support rod, and surrounds the cylindrical outer surface with the cylindrical outer surface compartment of terrain of positioning pedestal, and
Arc sliding hoop offers multiple openings, and each opening is equipped with an idler wheel, to drive support rod and arc in linking arm
When sliding hoop rotation, roll idler wheel on the cylindrical outer surface of positioning pedestal.
Roundness measuring system of the invention is in actual motion, using an inclination angle sensing device senses linking arm relative to water
The inclination angle of plane, and directly detecting distance sensing device induction end its incude on direction with the surface of tested central portion away from
From.According to above-mentioned inclination angle, distance and some preset parameters for surveying round frame, linking arm, measurement arm are calculated according to preset formula
When in design posture (linking arm horizontal extension, measurement arm extending vertically), the radial direction of induction end and tested round parts surface
Spacing, so as to accurately calculate circularity.In other words, just survey round frame linking arm, measurement arm because deflection deformation etc. it is various because
When element is not at design posture, it still is able to accurately measure circularity without carrying out angle calibration system to it, greatly reduces survey crew
Workload.
Further, roundness measuring system of the invention has manual measurement mode and automatic measurement mode, so as to user
It is selected, is had wide range of applications according to different measurement demands.Manual measurement mode measuring point can be free, and measuring point is few, and speed is fast.
Under automatic measurement mode, distance sensing device is motor driven to be rotated incessantly, is continuously measured central portion, finally
The profile of whole circumference will be obtained, so that roundness calculation value is more accurate, and high degree of automation, it is easy to operate.Using this hair
Bright roundness measuring system, then without according to the design of different central portions, production, the survey circle dress for carrying and operating plurality of classes
It sets, reduces the cost of each link, very big convenience is equally also brought to survey crew.
Further, roundness measuring system of the invention is provided with positioning pin and along circumferentially distributed multiple of positioning pedestal
Location hole.Under manual measurement mode, when measuring each measuring point, positioning pin is made to be inserted into a location hole, to constrain turning for shaft
Dynamic freedom degree rotate measurement arm can not, keep measurement result more accurate.Moreover, because angle locating for each location hole is preparatory
Designed, very convenient survey crew determines angle position locating for each measuring point.
Further, roundness measuring system of the invention passes through the structures such as electric lock, elastic element, drawstring, fixed pulley, side
Just survey crew is in the lower section remote control positioning pin for surveying round frame.It is highly convenient for the measurement higher central portion of installation site.
Some components are up to ten meters or more away from ground level in hydro-electric power generating equipment.
Further, roundness measuring system of the invention is provided with support rod and arc sliding hoop, has both realized to connection
The support of arm avoids it from generating biggish deflection deformation, and does not influence the rotation of linking arm, and this design is very cleverly.
In addition, the present invention also makes the tie point of support rod and linking arm adjustable, and also makes the length of support rod adjustable, so convenient for logical
It overregulates the length of support rod and adjusts the position of linking arm with the tie point position of linking arm, it is made to remain at level
Posture.
According to the following detailed description of specific embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, those skilled in the art will be brighter
The above and other objects, advantages and features of the present invention.
Detailed description of the invention
Some specific embodiments of the present invention is described in detail by way of example and not limitation with reference to the accompanying drawings hereinafter.
Identical appended drawing reference denotes same or similar part or part in attached drawing.It should be appreciated by those skilled in the art that these
What attached drawing was not necessarily drawn to scale.In attached drawing:
Fig. 1 is the schematic block diagram of the roundness measuring system of one embodiment of the invention；
Fig. 2 is the survey round frame of roundness measuring system according to an embodiment of the invention and the work shape of distance sensing device
State schematic diagram；
Fig. 3 is the structural schematic diagram of the survey round frame of one embodiment of the invention；
Fig. 4 is the status diagram that round frame is surveyed shown in Fig. 3 after positioning pin moves down one location hole of insertion；
Fig. 5 is enlarged drawing at the A of Fig. 4.
Specific embodiment
The embodiment of the invention provides a kind of roundness measuring systems, for measuring the circularity of central portion, especially suitable for
The roundness measurement of various circle shaft parts in hydro-electric power generating equipment.
Fig. 1 is the schematic block diagram of the roundness measuring system of one embodiment of the invention；Fig. 2 is one according to the present invention
The survey round frame of the roundness measuring system of embodiment and the working state schematic representation of distance sensing device.
As shown in Figure 1, roundness measuring system generally may include surveying round frame 10, distance sensing device 20, data acquisition
With conditioning device 30, data processing equipment 40 and inclination angle sensing device 70.
It surveys round frame 10 and is used for mounting distance sensing device 20, and can be by driving distance with being manually operated or be motor driven
Sensing device 20 surrounds tested central portion 60 and rotates.Specifically, as shown in the dotted portion in Fig. 2, surveying round frame 10 includes turning
Axis 200, linking arm 400 and measurement arm 600.Shaft 200 extends along the vertical direction and is coaxially disposed with tested central portion 60.
Linking arm 400 is horizontally extending, and is fixedly connected on shaft 200, and tie point is denoted as a point.Measure arm 600 along the vertical direction
Extend, and top is fixedly connected on linking arm 400, tie point is denoted as b point.
Distance sensing device 20 is fixedly connected on the bottom of measurement arm 600, and tie point is denoted as c point.Distance sensing device 20
Induction end (being denoted as the end d) and the circumferential surface of tested central portion 60 between have gap, induction be oriented parallel to connect
Arm 400, i.e., along in the radial direction of tested central portion 60.
The dotted line of Fig. 2 illustrates 400 horizontal extension of linking arm, and measurement arm 600 extends vertically and distance sensing device 20
Induction direction ideal design posture in the horizontal direction.
The ideal operation state of roundness measuring system is to drive the rotation of linking arm 400 around tested central portion by shaft 200
60 center axis thereof (turning about the X axis) to drive measurement arm 600 to rotate, and then drives distance sensing device 20 around X-axis
Rotation.When distance sensing device 20 turns to multiple predetermined angles, it is detected under each angle, with tested central portion 60
The radial spacing N value of circumferential surface, the radial direction refer to the radial direction of tested central portion 60.N is the end its induction end d distance
The distance of f point, the line of df are parallel to ab on the circumferential surface of tested central portion 60.It finally obtains identical with measuring point quantity
Multiple N values (i angle of detection, i N value will be obtained).By calculating the N value of each measuring point of tested central portion 60, can calculate
Radius value (the L of each point outar=L1-L3- N), by each point radius, it can finally calculate circularities.
However, being subject to deflection deformation makes its end b sink since 400 length of linking arm is longer.Or because other because
Element leads to 400 run-off the straight of linking arm and no longer level, and measurement arm 600 is made to tilt the sense for finally making distance sensing device 20 therewith
The induction direction that should be held is no longer parallel to the radial direction of tested central portion 60.The bold portion of Fig. 2 illustrates linking arm
400, the case where measurement arm 600 and distance sensing device 20 tilt for some reason and be detached from ideal design posture, referred to as practical work
It gestures.At this point, b point, c point and d point turn to b respectively1、c1And d1Position.
When linking arm 400, measurement arm 600 and distance sensing device 20 are in real work posture and measure, survey
Amount personnel are not necessarily to carry out angle calibration system to each component, but turn about the X axis distance sensing device 20 to each with measurement arm 600
When predetermined angle, its induction end (d is detected1End) the surface distance M with tested central portion 60 on induction direction.M feels for it
D should be held1End distance is tested f on the circumferential surface of central portion 601The distance of point, d1f1Line be parallel to ab1.Then, distance
Sensing device 20 forms corresponding detection signal, including at least the information of angle and distance values corresponding with the angle.Distance perception
Surveying device 20 can be non-contact displacement transducer, such as non-contact electric eddy shift sensor.
Inclination angle sensing device 70 is installed on linking arm 400 or measurement arm 600, linking arm 400 when for feeling side actual measurement
Inclination angle with respect to the horizontal plane is denoted as θ, and forms corresponding detection signal.Inclination angle sensing device 70 and measurement arm 600 can be made to connect
It is connected to the same end of linking arm 400, so that it more accurately senses inclination angle.Inclination angle sensing device 70 can be level meter.Data
Acquisition and conditioning device 30 communicated with distance sensing device 20 and inclination angle sensing device 70 with predetermined manner, with acquire, improve away from
From sensing device 20 and the detection signal generated of inclination angle sensing device 70, detection data is formed.Data acquisition and conditioning device
30, by Ethernet interface acquisition testing signal, input acquisition module after conditioning, read and analyze for data processing equipment 40.Data
Acquisition and conditioning device 30 may include sensor front end power supply module, sensor analog signals input module and data acquisition module
Block.
Data processing equipment 40 is acquired with data and conditioning device 30 is communicated with predetermined manner, to receive its detection data,
According to a point and b point distance L1, b point and c point distance L2, distance L of the induction end away from c point3, M and θ, calculate each predetermined angle
Under, when linking arm 400 is in horizontality (ideal design posture), between the radial direction on the surface of induction end and tested central portion 60
Away from N.
Data processing equipment 40 is equipped with the pre-set programs according to designed by the Circularity error evaluation method of regulation, this is default
Program calculates the multiple spot radius of tested central portion 60, finally calculates circularities accordingly according to above-mentioned multiple N values, and
Export final result.Digital information processing device can be computer, which can be the software being installed on computer.Circle
Degree error evaluation has 4 kinds of main methods, including minimum area method, minimum two-multiply law, minimum circumscribed circle method and maximum are inscribed
Circule method etc., these belong to the standards and specifications in roundness measurement field, and details are not described herein.
In some embodiments, it is calculated using the following equation N:
N=L1(1-cosθ)+Mcosθ+L3(cosθ-1)+L2sinθ。
Obviously, the value range of θ is θ >=0 °.
The derivation process of above-mentioned formula is described below.As shown in Fig. 2, f1E is ab1Vertical line, p and r are respectively f1F extends
Line and ab1With the intersection point of ab.
As shown in Figure 2, Lap=L1-(M+L3)-Lpe。
Wherein Lpe=L2Tan θ, Lar=Lapcosθ.It follows that N=L1-Lar-L3
=L1-Lapcosθ-L3
=L1-(L1-M-L3-L2tanθ)cosθ-L3
=L1(1-cosθ)+M cosθ+L3(cosθ-1)+L2sinθ。
Fig. 3 is the structural schematic diagram of the survey round frame 10 of one embodiment of the invention；Fig. 4 is that round frame 10 is surveyed shown in Fig. 3 fixed
Position pin 310 moves down the status diagram after one location hole 121 of insertion；Fig. 5 is enlarged drawing at the A of Fig. 4.Extremely referring to Fig. 3
Fig. 5 describes to the structure of the survey round frame 10 of the present embodiment in detail.
As shown in Figure 3 and Figure 4, in some embodiments, surveying round frame 10 further includes positioning pedestal 100 and motor 510.
Along extending along the vertical direction, positioning pedestal 100 is used for and tested central portion 60 central axis of positioning pedestal 100
(its axis need to be made also to extend vertically when measurement) coaxially positions, and the two central axis is indicated with X-axis.What coaxial positioning herein referred to
It is when surveying the work of round frame 10, the position of positioning pedestal 100 is fixed, and relative to the movement of tested central portion 60 or will not be turned
It is dynamic, but also need to make positioning pedestal 100 and tested central portion 60 it is coaxial (theory calls, when actual test be difficult to ensure also without
It need to guarantee that 100% is coaxial).Multiple location holes of opposite central axis (X-axis) rotational symmetry are offered in positioning pedestal 100
121.In other words, multiple location holes 121 are distributed on a distribution circle, and the center of circle of distribution circle is fallen in X-axis.
Shaft 200 and positioning pedestal 100 are axially mounted on thereon, and can turn around the central axis (X-axis) of positioning pedestal 100
It is dynamic.Shaft 200 is provided with a positioning pin 310 moving up and down.
Motor 510 is turned about the X axis for controllably direct or indirect drive shaft 200.Arm 600 can be made to measure along length side
To multiple mounting holes are arranged, to make distance sensing device 20 that there are multiple installation sites.It can also make to measure 600 top of arm and company
The fixation position for connecing arm 400 is adjustable.Specifically, with reference to Fig. 1, the top for measuring arm 600 can be made to be connected on a clamping piece 610,
Clamping piece 610 is U-typed structure, to be clipped on linking arm 400.One fastening screw 620 is installed on clamping piece 610.Measure arm 600
Top be adjusted to a certain link position after, fastening screw is tightened, so that the end of fastening screw 620 stands tightly against linking arm
400 surfaces make the top for measuring arm 600 be locked.
When survey crew measures product circularity using the survey round frame 10 of the present embodiment, it can be selected according to different measurement demands
With one of following two measurement pattern.
(1) manual measurement mode
Survey crew presets the measuring point number and point position of central portion, is then detected one by one.Each survey
Point is in same angle with a location hole 121, these location holes are known as default location hole.
Remain off motor 510, shaft 200, linking arm 400 or measurement arm 600 is manually operated in survey crew, makes
It is turned about the X axis.It often turns to when making positioning pin 310 with an opposite angle of default location hole 121, makes under positioning pin 310
It moves and is inserted into the location hole 121, to forbid shaft 200 to rotate, with reference to Fig. 3.Survey crew can to tested central portion 60 into
Spot measurement of row, that is, make distance sensing device 20 detect its measuring point with tested 60 circumferential surface of central portion between
Away from M.After the measurement for completing first measuring point, moves up positioning pin 310 and be detached from the location hole 121, with reference to Fig. 1.It then proceedes to grasp
Make the rotation of shaft 200, turns to when making positioning pin 310 with second opposite angle of default location hole 121, make positioning pin 310
It is inserted into the location hole 121, then carries out second of spot measurement.It so repeats the operation several times, completes the measurement of multiple measuring points.
Manual measurement mode measuring point can be free, and measuring point is few, and speed is fast.The effect of positioning pin 310 and location hole 121 is about
The rotational freedom of beam shaft 200 rotate measurement arm 600 can not, keep measurement result more accurate.Moreover, because each positioning
Angle locating for hole 121 can be pre-designed and indicate, and survey crew very convenient in this way determines angle position locating for each measuring point.
It is preferred that keeping multiple location holes 121 uniformly distributed on its distribution circle, a location hole 121 is set, and adjacent positioned hole 121 is separated by angle and is
360°/a。
(2) automatic measurement mode
So that positioning pin 310 is remained at the position of disengaging location hole 121 as shown in Figure 1, opens motor 510, make electricity
The operation of machine 510 drives measurement 600 continuous rotation of arm, and distance sensing device 20 is made continuously to detect the table of itself and tested central portion 60
The spacing M in face.The radius value of this final available whole circumference of continuous detection, can draw out a circumference profile, make circularity meter
Calculation value is more accurate.And it is not necessarily to the manual operation of survey crew, the degree of automation is higher, moreover it is possible to the improper operation of manpower be avoided to lead
It causes the unnecessary displacement of distance sensing device 20 and influences measurement accuracy.
Using the survey round frame of the embodiment of the present invention, without more according to the design of different central portions, production, carrying and operation
The other survey circle device of type.The cost of each link is reduced, very big convenience is equally also brought to survey crew.It is highly suitable for
Similar to the large industry equipment that this central portion type of water generating equipment is more, measurement demand is different.
When tested central portion 60 is not especially high for circularity requirement, it is only necessary to be carried out to circularity rough or general precision
Manual measurement mode can be selected in measurement.When needing the certain crucial measuring points of remeasurement, manual measurement mode also can be selected.
When tested central portion 60 requires height to circularity, needs to carry out circularity more accurate measurement, can be used automatic
Measurement pattern promotes the gentle roundness measurement precision of Automated water.
In some embodiments, as shown in Figures 3 to 5, surveying round frame 10 further includes electric lock 350 and elastic element 320.?
After positioning pin 310 moves up disengaging location hole 121, electric lock 350 controllably locks positioning pin 310, so that its is immovable.Fixed
After position pin 310 is locked by electric lock 350, elastic element 320 applies downward elastic pre-stress to positioning pin 310.In electric lock
After 350 unlocks, which promotes positioning pin 310 to move down insertion location hole 121, this makes only to need survey crew to positioning pin
310 apply upward power, convenient for design force application structure.Specifically as shown in figure 5, shaft 200 and linking arm 400 respectively offer positioning
The limit hole that pin 310 passes through, respectively limit hole 201 and limit hole 401.Elastic element 320 is the pressure covered on positioning pin 310
Spring, the upper end are resisted against 400 bottom surface of linking arm, and lower end is resisted against the top surface of the shaft shoulder 311 of positioning pin 310.The top of positioning pin 310
Portion offers the lockhole 315 of axis horizontal extension.Electric lock 350 is installed on linking arm 400 comprising can be moved horizontally by driving
Lock pin 355 completed with will pass through the insertion of driving lock pin 355 or be detached from lockhole 315 to the locking and unlocking of positioning pin 310.Electricity
Dynamic lock 350 using than wide, herein no longer repeats its specific structure in the prior art.
As shown in Figure 3 and Figure 5, surveying round frame 10 further includes drawstring 340 and at least one fixed pulley 330.Drawstring 340 is connected to
The top of positioning pin 310.Fixed pulley 330 is installed on linking arm 400, and quantity can be one or more, such as setting three.It draws
Rope 340 when drawstring 340 is mobile, drives fixed pulley 330 to rotate around extending downwardly after fixed pulley 330.So convenient in survey round frame
10 lower section is by pulling drawstring 340 downwards to drive positioning pin 310 to move up.In hydro-electric power generating equipment, some central portions
It is higher away from ground level, up to several meters even ten meters or more.The embodiment of the present invention facilitates remote control to position by drawstring 340
Pin 310 is particularly suitable for the measurement higher central portion of installation site.
In addition, also remote controlled electric lock 350.Such as shown in Fig. 3 and Fig. 5, making electric lock 350 includes signal wire 351.
Signal wire 351 and rope are extended to and are surveyed under round frame 10 with bundling, its end can be made to arrive at 340 end of drawstring.The end of signal wire 351
It is connected with control switch component 352, control switch component 352 is used to control the opening and closing of electric lock 350.Certainly, one
In a little alternate embodiments, the mode of settable remote controler or other wireless communications controls electric lock 350.
In some embodiments, as shown in figure 3, surveying round frame 10 further includes multiple support rods 710 and an arc sliding hoop
720.The upper end of each support rod 710 supports linking arm 400, and lower end is connected to arc sliding hoop 720.Positioning pedestal 100 is extremely
Small part outer surface is cylindrical outer surface.The cylindrical outer surface compartment of terrain of arc sliding hoop 720 and positioning pedestal 100 surrounds
The cylindrical outer surface, and arc sliding hoop 720 offers multiple openings 721, is equipped with an idler wheel at each opening 721
730.When linking arm 400 drives support rod 710 and arc sliding hoop 720 rotates, make idler wheel 730 in the circle of positioning pedestal 100
It is rolled in cylindrical outer surface.
Specifically, the top of each support rod 710 can be made to be fixed on linking arm 400, and the tie point of the two is adjustable to
The different parts of 400 length direction of linking arm.As shown in figure 3,710 top of support rod is connected on a clamping piece 760, clamping piece
760 be U-typed structure, to be clipped on linking arm 400.One fastening screw 740 is installed on clamping piece 760.710 top quilt of support rod
After adjusting a certain link position, fastening screw 740 is tightened, so that the end of fastening screw 740 stands tightly against 400 table of linking arm
Face makes 710 top of support rod be locked.Each support rod 710 includes that both ends open up internal thread bidirectional helical sleeve 711
Two screw rods 712 at 711 both ends of bidirectional helical sleeve are screwed in, respectively will pass through the rotation for being adjusted to a few screw rod 712
Enter depth to adjust the length of support rod 710.
By setting support rod 710 and arc sliding hoop 720, the support to linking arm 400 was both realized, its generation is avoided
Excessive deflection deformation, and the rotation of linking arm 400 is not influenced, it designs very ingenious.In addition, making support rod 710 and linking arm
400 tie point is adjustable, and keeps the length of support rod 710 adjustable, convenient for passing through the length and and linking arm that adjust support rod 710
400 tie point position adjusts the position of linking arm 400, so that it is remained at horizontal attitude, to keep measurement more smart
Really.
In some embodiments, as shown in figure 3, positioning pedestal 100 includes sleeve 110 and first gear 120.Sleeve 110
It is vertically arranged (its axis X-axis i.e. above-mentioned).First gear 120 is fixed on the top of sleeve 110, and coaxially sets with sleeve 110
It sets.Multiple location holes 121 above-mentioned are the end face for being opened in first gear 120.Shaft 200 can be cylindrical-shaped structure, lower end
It is rotatably inserted sleeve 110, to realize being rotatably connected for the two.Motor 510 is vertically arranged (the i.e. output shaft of motor 510
It is vertical to extend) and it is fixed on linking arm 400.Second gear 520, second gear 520 and are installed on the output shaft of motor 510
The engagement of one gear 120, rotate second gear 520 around first gear 120 with motor 510 when motor 510 is run, from
And make motor 510 that linking arm 400 be driven to rotate.The diameter of second gear 520 is less than the diameter of first gear 120, is subtracted with reaching
The purpose of speed.Certainly, in some alternate embodiments, the output shaft of motor 510 can also be made to be directly connected in shaft 200, with
Directly drive shaft 200.
In some embodiments, as shown in figure 3, surveying round frame 10 further includes clump weight 800.So that pivot center two sides connect
The stress of arm 400 reaches balance, and linking arm 400 is made to preferably keep horizontal attitude, improving measurement accuracy.Clump weight 800 and survey
Amount arm 600 is respectively arranged in the both ends of linking arm 400, and motor 510 may be provided at the ipsilateral of measurement arm 600.
The end of linking arm 400 may be provided with a thread spindle 410, can be equipped with multiple cricoid clump weights 800, as needed
The quantity for determining clump weight 800 is sleeved on thread spindle 410, and then nut 810 is tightened on thread spindle 410, with locking
The position of clump weight 800.
So far, although those skilled in the art will appreciate that present invention has been shown and described in detail herein multiple shows
Example property embodiment still without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, still can according to the present disclosure directly
Determine or deduce out many other variations or modifications consistent with the principles of the invention.Therefore, the scope of the present invention is understood that and recognizes
It is set to and covers all such other variations or modifications.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of roundness measuring system, characterized by comprising:
Survey round frame comprising it is vertical extend and with the shaft of tested round element coaxial setting, horizontal extension and be fixedly connected on
The linking arm of the shaft top a point and vertical extension and top are fixedly connected on the measurement arm of the linking arm b point；
Distance sensing device, is fixedly connected on the measurement arm bottom c point, and the induction of induction end is oriented parallel to the connection
Arm detects the induction end and exists when with the measurement arm around center axis thereof to each predetermined angle of the shaft
On the induction direction with the surface distance M of the tested central portion；
Inclination angle sensing device is installed on the linking arm or the measurement arm, linking arm phase when for feeling side actual measurement
For the inclination angle theta of horizontal plane；
Data acquisition and conditioning device, are communicated with the distance sensing device and the inclination angle sensing device with predetermined manner, with
It acquires, improve its detection signal, form detection data；With
Data processing equipment is communicated with data acquisition and conditioning device with predetermined manner, to receive the detection data, root
According to a point and b point distance L1, b point and c point distance L2, the distance L of the induction end away from c point3, M and θ, calculate each preset angle
Under degree, the linking arm is when in a horizontal state, the radial spacing N on the surface of the induction end and tested central portion, and benefit
With pre-set programs, the circularities of tested central portion are calculated according to multiple N values.
2. roundness measuring system according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the data processing equipment is according to the following formula
Calculate N:
N=L1(1-cosθ)+Mcosθ+L3(cosθ-1)+L2sinθ。
3. roundness measuring system according to claim 1, which is characterized in that
Distance sensing device is non-contact displacement transducer.
4. roundness measuring system according to claim 1, which is characterized in that
The inclination angle sensing device and the measurement arm are connected to the same end of the linking arm.
5. roundness measuring system according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the survey round frame further include:
Positioning pedestal, for positioning with tested round element coaxial, the central axis of the positioning pedestal extends along the vertical direction
And offer multiple location holes of the opposite central axis rotational symmetry, the shaft and the positioning pedestal it is axially mounted on its
On, and the center axis thereof of the positioning pedestal, the shaft can be provided with a positioning pin moving up and down；With
Motor, for controllably directly or indirectly driving the shaft to rotate；And the survey round frame is configured to:
It is turned manually the shaft, and is often turning to the angle for keeping the positioning pin opposite with the preset location hole
When, so that the positioning pin is moved down the insertion location hole, to forbid the shaft to rotate, so as to distance sensing device detection
The surface distance M of itself and tested central portion；Or
So that the positioning pin is maintained at the position for being detached from the location hole, makes the motor operation that the measurement arm be driven continuously to turn
It is dynamic, the surface distance M for making the distance sensing device continuously detect it with tested central portion.
6. roundness measuring system according to claim 5, it is characterised in that the survey round frame further include:
Electric lock controllably locks the positioning pin after the positioning pin moves up and is detached from the location hole；
Elastic element applies downward elastic pre-stress, to the positioning pin after the positioning pin is locked so as in institute
After stating electric lock unlock, the positioning pin is promoted to move down the insertion location hole.
7. roundness measuring system according to claim 6, which is characterized in that
The shaft and the linking arm respectively offer the limit hole that the positioning pin passes through；
The elastic element is the pressure spring covered on the positioning pin, and the upper end is resisted against the linking arm bottom surface, lower end against
In the shaft shoulder top surface of the positioning pin；
The lockhole of axis horizontal extension is offered at the top of the positioning pin；And
The electric lock is installed on the linking arm comprising the lock pin that can be moved horizontally by driving makes the lock will pass through
Pin insertion is detached from the lockhole, completes the locking and unlocking to the positioning pin.
8. roundness measuring system according to claim 6, it is characterised in that the survey round frame further include:
Drawstring is connected to the top of the positioning pin；With
At least one fixed pulley is installed on the linking arm, so that the drawstring extends downwardly after bypassing the fixed pulley, so as to
The positioning pin is driven to move up by pulling the drawstring downwards in the lower section for surveying round frame.
9. roundness measuring system according to claim 5, which is characterized in that
The positioning pedestal includes the sleeve being vertically arranged and is coaxially fixable to first at the top of the sleeve with the sleeve
Gear, the multiple location hole are opened in the end face of the first gear；
The shaft lower end is rotatably inserted the sleeve；And
The motor is vertically arranged and is fixed on the linking arm, and engaged with the first gear is equipped on output shaft
Two gears, in the motor operation, to make the second gear that the motor be driven to rotate around the first gear, to make
The motor drives the linking arm rotation.
10. roundness measuring system according to claim 5, it is characterised in that the survey round frame further include:
The upper end of multiple support rods, each support rod supports the linking arm；
Arc sliding hoop is connect with the lower end of each support rod, and the cylindrical outer surface face interval with the positioning pedestal
Ground surrounds the cylindrical outer surface, and
The arc sliding hoop offers multiple openings, and each opening is equipped with an idler wheel, in the linking arm
When the support rod and the arc sliding hoop being driven to rotate, make the idler wheel on the cylindrical outer surface of the positioning pedestal
It rolls.
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