CN209927119U - Roundness measuring system - Google Patents
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- CN209927119U CN209927119U CN201920643219.1U CN201920643219U CN209927119U CN 209927119 U CN209927119 U CN 209927119U CN 201920643219 U CN201920643219 U CN 201920643219U CN 209927119 U CN209927119 U CN 209927119U
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Abstract
The utility model provides a roundness measuring system, which comprises a roundness measuring frame, a roundness measuring frame and a roundness measuring frame, wherein the roundness measuring frame comprises a rotating shaft which extends vertically, a connecting arm which extends horizontally and is fixed at the point a of the rotating shaft, and a roundness measuring arm which extends vertically and is fixed at the point b of the connecting arm; the distance sensing device is fixed at the point c of the measuring arm, and the sensing direction is parallel to the connecting arm so as to detect the distance M between the sensing end and the surface of the round part to be detected in the sensing direction; the inclination angle sensing device is used for sensing the inclination angle theta of the connecting arm relative to the horizontal plane during actual measurement; the data acquisition and conditioning device is communicated with the distance sensing device and the inclination angle sensing device so as to acquire and condition detection signals of the data acquisition and conditioning device to form detection data; the data processing device receives the detection numberAccording to the distance L between the point a and the point b1Distance L between point b and point c2Distance L between the induction end and point c3And M and theta, calculating the radial distance N between the sensing end and the surface of the round part to be measured when the connecting arm is in a horizontal state at each angle, and calculating the roundness value of the round part to be measured according to N by using a preset program.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to a roundness measurement technical field especially relates to a roundness measurement system.
Background
The hydroelectric power generation equipment has a plurality of large circular components which need to be subjected to roundness measurement, such as a seat ring, a top cover and a bottom ring of a water turbine, a stator of a generator, an upper frame and a lower frame of the generator, a stator of the generator, a rotor of the generator, an upper leakage-proof ring and a lower leakage-proof ring of a mixed flow water turbine runner, a shaft neck of each guide bearing of a unit, a large shaft flange and the like.
A general roundness measuring system generally includes a roundness measuring stand and a sensor for measuring a distance. The circle measuring frame comprises a rotating shaft which is vertically arranged and is coaxially positioned with the round part to be measured, a connecting arm which is horizontally extended and one end of which is fixed at the top end of the rotating shaft, and a measuring arm which is vertically extended and the top end of which is fixed at the other end of the connecting arm. And a sensor is arranged at the bottom end of the measuring arm. During measurement, the rotating shaft rotates to a plurality of preset angles, the sensor measures the radial distance between the sensing end of the sensor and the circumferential surface of the measured circular component at each angle position, the multipoint radius of the measured circular component is calculated, and the roundness value is calculated through the multipoint radius value.
However, due to the large size of the circular component, the connecting arm is usually long, and it is difficult to maintain the horizontal posture due to flexural deformation and the like, so that the measuring arm is difficult to maintain the vertical posture, and finally, the sensing direction of the sensor may not be in the radial direction of the circular component, and the measured distance is not the radial distance. Therefore, in order to ensure the data accuracy, the angle calibration of the circle measuring frame is required before the measurement of each measuring point, and the operation is very complicated.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
The utility model aims at overcoming prior art's above-mentioned defect, providing a roundness measurement system to the angular deviation who avoids surveying the circle frame in simpler mode influences roundness measurement accuracy.
The utility model discloses a further purpose enlarges roundness measurement system's application scope.
Particularly, the utility model provides a roundness measurement system, it includes:
the circle measuring frame comprises a rotating shaft, a connecting arm and a measuring arm, wherein the rotating shaft extends vertically and is coaxial with the round part to be measured, the connecting arm extends horizontally and is fixedly connected to a point a at the top end of the rotating shaft, and the measuring arm extends vertically and is fixedly connected to a point b of the connecting arm at the top end;
the distance sensing device is fixedly connected to a point c at the bottom of the measuring arm, the sensing direction of the sensing end is parallel to the connecting arm, and the distance sensing device detects the distance M between the sensing end and the surface of the round part to be measured in the sensing direction when the distance sensing device rotates to each preset angle around the central axis of the rotating shaft along with the measuring arm;
the inclination angle sensing device is arranged on the connecting arm or the measuring arm and is used for sensing the inclination angle theta of the connecting arm relative to the horizontal plane during actual measurement;
the data acquisition and conditioning device is communicated with the distance sensing device and the inclination angle sensing device in a preset mode to acquire and condition detection signals of the distance sensing device and the inclination angle sensing device so as to form detection data; and
the data processing device is communicated with the data acquisition and conditioning device in a preset mode to receive the detection data and is used for receiving the detection data according to the distance L between the point a and the point b1Distance L between point b and point c2InducingDistance L of end from point c3And M and theta, calculating the radial distance N between the sensing end and the surface of the round part to be measured when the connecting arm is in a horizontal state under each preset angle, and calculating the roundness value of the round part to be measured according to N by using a preset program.
Optionally, the data processing apparatus calculates N according to the following formula: n ═ L1(1-cosθ)+Mcosθ+L3(cosθ-1)+L2sinθ。
Optionally, the distance sensing device is a non-contact displacement sensor.
Optionally, the tilt sensing device and the measuring arm are connected to the same end of the connecting arm.
Optionally, the circle measuring rack further comprises: the positioning base is used for coaxially positioning the round part to be measured, the central axis of the positioning base extends along the vertical direction and is provided with a plurality of positioning holes which are rotationally symmetrical relative to the central axis, the rotating shaft and the positioning base are coaxially arranged on the positioning base and can rotate around the central axis of the positioning base, and the rotating shaft is provided with a positioning pin which can move up and down; the motor is used for controllably driving the rotating shaft to rotate directly or indirectly; and the circle measuring frame is configured as follows: enabling the rotating shaft to be manually rotated, and enabling the positioning pin to downwards move to be inserted into the positioning hole when the rotating shaft rotates to an angle enabling the positioning pin to be opposite to a preset positioning hole so as to prohibit the rotating shaft from rotating, so that the distance sensing device can detect the distance M between the rotating shaft and the surface of the round part to be detected; or the positioning pin is kept at the position separated from the positioning hole, the motor runs to drive the measuring arm to continuously rotate, and the distance sensing device continuously detects the distance M between the measuring arm and the surface of the round part to be measured.
Optionally, the circle measuring rack further comprises: the electric lock controllably locks the positioning pin after the positioning pin moves upwards to be separated from the positioning hole; and the elastic element applies downward elastic pretightening force to the positioning pin after the positioning pin is locked so as to enable the positioning pin to move downwards to be inserted into the positioning hole after the electric lock is unlocked.
Optionally, the rotating shaft and the connecting arm are respectively provided with a limiting hole through which the positioning pin passes; the elastic element is a pressure spring sleeved on the positioning pin, the upper end of the elastic element is abutted against the bottom surface of the connecting arm, and the lower end of the elastic element is abutted against the top surface of a shaft shoulder of the positioning pin; the top of the positioning pin is provided with a lock hole with an axis extending horizontally; and the electric lock is arranged on the connecting arm and comprises a lock pin which can be driven to move horizontally, so that the lock pin can be locked and unlocked by inserting or separating the lock pin into or from the lock hole.
Optionally, the circle measuring rack further comprises: a pull rope connected to the top end of the positioning pin; and the fixed pulley is arranged on the connecting arm, so that the pull rope winds around the fixed pulley and then extends downwards, and the positioning pin is driven to move upwards by pulling the pull rope downwards below the circle measuring frame.
Optionally, the positioning base includes a vertically arranged sleeve and a first gear coaxially fixed to the top of the sleeve, and the plurality of positioning holes are formed in an end surface of the first gear; the lower end of the rotating shaft is rotatably inserted into the sleeve; and the motor is vertically arranged and fixed on the connecting arm, and a second gear meshed with the first gear is installed on an output shaft of the motor, so that when the motor runs, the second gear drives the motor to rotate around the first gear, and the motor drives the connecting arm to rotate.
Optionally, the circle measuring rack further comprises: the upper end of each support rod supports the connecting arm; the arc slides and hoops, is connected with the lower extreme of every bracing piece, and surrounds this cylindrical surface with the cylindrical surface interval of location base, and the arc slides and hoops and has seted up a plurality of openings, and a gyro wheel is installed to every opening part to when the linking arm drives bracing piece and arc and slides and hoop and rotate, make the gyro wheel roll on the cylindrical surface of location base.
The utility model discloses a roundness measurement system utilizes an inclination sensing device sensing linking arm for the inclination of horizontal plane when in actual operation to direct detection is apart from sensing device induction end and is surveyed the surface distance of circular part on its direction of response. According to the inclination angle, the distance and some fixed parameters of the circle measuring frame, when the connecting arm and the measuring arm are in the designed posture (the connecting arm extends horizontally and the measuring arm extends vertically), the radial distance between the sensing end and the surface of the measured circular part is calculated according to a preset formula, so that the roundness can be accurately calculated. In other words, even if the connecting arm and the measuring arm of the circle measuring frame are not in the designed posture due to various factors such as bending deformation and the like, the roundness can be accurately measured without angle calibration, and the workload of measuring personnel is greatly reduced.
Further, the utility model discloses a roundness measuring system has manual measurement mode and automatic measurement mode to the user selects according to the measurement demand of difference, and the range of application is extensive. The manual measurement mode measuring points can be selected by themselves, the number of measuring points is small, and the speed is high. Under the automatic measurement mode, distance sensing device is rotated by motor drive uninterruptedly, measures in succession circular part, will obtain the profile of whole circumference finally for the circularity calculated value is more accurate, and degree of automation is high, convenient operation. Adopt the utility model discloses a roundness measuring system then need not to design, preparation, carry and operate the circle measuring device of multiple classification according to different circular parts, has reduced the cost of each link, also brings very big facility for measurement personnel equally.
Further, the utility model discloses a roundness measuring system has set up the locating pin and has followed a plurality of locating holes that the location base circumference distributes. In a manual measurement mode, when each measuring point is measured, the positioning pin is inserted into one positioning hole to restrict the rotational freedom degree of the rotating shaft, so that the measuring arm cannot rotate, and the measuring result is more accurate. Moreover, because the angle of each positioning hole is designed in advance, the measuring personnel can determine the angle position of each measuring point conveniently.
Further, the utility model discloses a roundness measuring system makes things convenient for the survey crew to remotely control the locating pin in the below of surveying the circle frame through electric lock, elastic element, stay cord, fixed pulley isotructure. It is very convenient to measure the circular parts with higher installation positions. Some components in a hydroelectric power plant are up to ten meters or more above ground level.
Further, the utility model discloses a roundness measuring system has set up bracing piece and arc slip hoop, has both realized the support to the linking arm, avoids it to produce great flexural deformation, does not influence the rotation of linking arm again, and this kind of design is very ingenious. Furthermore, the utility model discloses still make the tie point of bracing piece and linking arm adjustable to still make the length of bracing piece adjustable, so be convenient for adjust the position of linking arm through the length of adjusting the bracing piece and with the tie point position of linking arm, make it remain throughout at horizontal attitude.
The above and other objects, advantages and features of the present invention will become more apparent to those skilled in the art from the following detailed description of specific embodiments thereof, taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
Drawings
Some specific embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail hereinafter, by way of illustration and not by way of limitation, with reference to the accompanying drawings. The same reference numbers in the drawings identify the same or similar elements or components. Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the drawings are not necessarily drawn to scale. In the drawings:
fig. 1 is a schematic block diagram of a roundness measurement system of an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of an operating state of a roundness measuring rack and a distance sensing device of a roundness measuring system according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic structural view of a circle measuring rack according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the circle measuring stand shown in FIG. 3 after the positioning pin is downwardly inserted into a positioning hole;
fig. 5 is an enlarged view of fig. 4 at a.
Detailed Description
An embodiment of the utility model provides a roundness measurement system to supply to measure the circularity of circular part, the roundness measurement of various circular pivot pieces among the specially adapted hydroelectric power generation equipment.
Fig. 1 is a schematic block diagram of a roundness measurement system of an embodiment of the present invention; fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of an operating state of a roundness measuring frame and a distance sensing device of a roundness measuring system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
As shown in fig. 1, the roundness measurement system may generally include a round-testing stand 10, a distance sensing device 20, a data acquisition and conditioning device 30, a data processing device 40, and an inclination sensing device 70.
The circle measuring stand 10 is used for mounting the distance sensing device 20, and can drive the distance sensing device 20 to rotate around the measured circular component 60 through manual operation or motor driving. Specifically, as shown in the dotted line portion in fig. 2, the circle measuring stand 10 includes a rotation shaft 200, a connection arm 400, and a measurement arm 600. The rotation shaft 200 extends in the vertical direction and is disposed coaxially with the circular part 60 to be measured. The connecting arm 400 extends in the horizontal direction and is fixedly connected to the rotating shaft 200, and the connection point is denoted as a point. The measuring arm 600 extends in a vertical direction and has a top end fixedly connected to the connecting arm 400, the connection point being denoted as point b.
The distance sensing device 20 is fixedly attached to the bottom of the measuring arm 600, the attachment point being denoted as point c. A gap is formed between the sensing end (denoted as d end) of the distance sensing device 20 and the circumferential surface of the measured circular part 60, and the sensing direction of the gap is parallel to the connecting arm 400, i.e. along the radial direction of the measured circular part 60.
The dashed line in fig. 2 illustrates an ideal design attitude of the connecting arm 400 extending horizontally, the measuring arm 600 extending vertically and the sensing direction of the distance sensing device 20 along the horizontal direction.
The roundness measuring system ideally operates in such a manner that the connecting arm 400 is rotated by the rotating shaft 200 about the central axis of the round part 60 to be measured (i.e., about the X-axis), so as to rotate the measuring arm 600 and further rotate the distance sensing device 20 about the X-axis. When the distance sensing device 20 rotates to a plurality of preset angles, the radial distance N between the distance sensing device and the circumferential surface of the measured circular component 60 is detected, and the radial direction refers to the radial direction of the measured circular component 60. N is the distance from the d end of the sensing end to the f point on the circumferential surface of the measured circular component 60, and the line of df is parallel to ab. And finally obtaining a plurality of N values (i N values are obtained by detecting i angles) with the same number of the measuring points. By calculating the N value of each point of the measured circular part 60, the radius value (L) of each point can be calculatedar＝L1-L3N), and finally calculating a circularity value through the radiuses of all points.
However, since the connecting arm 400 is long in length, it is easily deformed by flexure to sink the b-end thereof. Or because the connecting arm 400 is tilted and no longer horizontal due to other factors, the measuring arm 600 is tilted to finally make the sensing end of the distance sensing device 20Is no longer parallel to the radial direction of the circular part 60 being measured. The solid line portion of fig. 2 illustrates a case where the connecting arm 400, the measuring arm 600, and the distance sensing device 20 are inclined due to a cause out of the ideal design posture, which is referred to as an actual working posture. At this time, the point b, the point c and the point d are respectively rotated to the point b1、c1And d1Location.
When the connecting arm 400, the measuring arm 600 and the distance sensing device 20 are in the actual working postures for measurement, the measuring staff does not need to calibrate the angles of the components, but the sensing end (d) of the distance sensing device 20 is detected when the distance sensing device 20 rotates to each preset angle around the X axis along with the measuring arm 6001End) is at a distance M from the surface of the round part 60 being measured in the sensing direction. M is its sensing terminal d1On the circumferential surface of the end-distance measured circular part 60 f1Distance of points, d1f1Parallel to ab1. The distance sensing device 20 then forms a corresponding detection signal comprising at least the information of the angle and the pitch value corresponding to the angle. Distance sensing device 20 may be a non-contact displacement sensor, such as a non-contact eddy current displacement sensor.
The inclination angle sensing device 70 is mounted on the connecting arm 400 or the measuring arm 600, and is used for sensing the inclination angle, noted as θ, of the connecting arm 400 relative to the horizontal plane during actual measurement and forming a corresponding detection signal. The inclination sensing device 70 and the measuring arm 600 may be connected to the same end of the connecting arm 400 so that they can sense the inclination more accurately. The tilt sensing device 70 may be a level. The data collecting and conditioning device 30 is in communication with the distance sensing device 20 and the inclination sensing device 70 in a preset manner to collect and condition the detection signals generated by the distance sensing device 20 and the inclination sensing device 70 to form detection data. The data collecting and conditioning device 30 collects the detection signal through the ethernet port, and inputs the conditioned detection signal to the collecting module for the data processing device 40 to read and analyze. The data acquisition and conditioning device 30 may include a sensor front end power supply module, a sensor analog signal input module, and a data acquisition module.
The data processing device 40 communicates with the data acquisition and conditioning device 30 in a predetermined manner to receive the detection data thereofAccording to the distance L between the point a and the point b1Distance L between point b and point c2Distance L from the sensing end to point c3M, and θ, the radial distance N between the sensing end and the surface of the round part 60 to be measured when the connecting arm 400 is in the horizontal state (ideal design posture) at each preset angle is calculated.
The data processing device 40 is equipped with a preset program designed according to a predetermined roundness error evaluation method, and the preset program calculates the multipoint radius of the round component 60 to be measured based on the plurality of N values, calculates a roundness value finally based on the multipoint radius, and outputs the final result. The digital information processing apparatus may be a computer, and the predetermined program may be software installed on the computer. There are 4 main methods for roundness error assessment, including the minimum area method, the least square circle method, the minimum circumcircle method, the maximum inscribed circle method, etc., which all belong to the standards and specifications in the roundness measurement field, and are not described herein again.
In some embodiments, N is calculated using the following formula:
N＝L1(1-cosθ)+Mcosθ+L3(cosθ-1)+L2sinθ。
obviously, the value range of theta is theta more than or equal to 0 degrees.
The derivation of the above formula is described below. As shown in FIG. 2, f1e is ab1Perpendicular lines of (a) and (r) are each f1f extension line and ab1And ab, and ab.
As can be seen from FIG. 2, Lap＝L1-(M+L3)-Lpe。
Wherein L ispe＝L2tanθ，Lar＝Lapcos θ. Thus, N ═ L1-Lar-L3
＝L1-Lapcosθ-L3
＝L1-(L1-M-L3-L2tanθ)cosθ-L3
＝L1(1-cosθ)+M cosθ+L3(cosθ-1)+L2sinθ。
Fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of the circle measuring stand 10 according to an embodiment of the present invention; FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the circle measuring rack 10 shown in FIG. 3 after the positioning pin 310 is inserted into one of the positioning holes 121; fig. 5 is an enlarged view of fig. 4 at a. The structure of the rounding table 10 according to the present embodiment will be described in detail with reference to fig. 3 to 5.
As shown in fig. 3 and 4, in some embodiments, the circle measuring stand 10 further includes a positioning base 100 and a motor 510.
The center axis of the positioning base 100 extends in the vertical direction, and the positioning base 100 is used for positioning coaxially with the circular part 60 to be measured (the axis thereof is required to extend vertically when measuring), and both the center axes are indicated by the X-axis. The coaxial positioning here means that when the circle measuring rack 10 is in operation, the position of the positioning base 100 is fixed and does not move or rotate relative to the measured circular component 60, and the positioning base 100 and the measured circular component 60 need to be coaxial (theoretical requirement, it is difficult to guarantee that 100% is coaxial during actual test). The positioning base 100 is provided with a plurality of positioning holes 121 which are rotationally symmetrical with respect to the central axis (X axis). In other words, the positioning holes 121 are distributed on a distribution circle having a center on the X-axis.
The rotation shaft 200 is coaxially mounted with the positioning base 100 and is rotatable about the central axis (X-axis) of the positioning base 100. The shaft 200 is provided with a positioning pin 310 that can move up and down.
The motor 510 is used to controllably drive the shaft 200 directly or indirectly to rotate about the X-axis. The measuring arm 600 may be provided with a plurality of mounting holes along the length direction so as to have a plurality of mounting positions of the distance sensing device 20. The fixed position of the top end of the measuring arm 600 and the connecting arm 400 can also be made adjustable. Specifically, referring to FIG. 1, the top end of the measuring arm 600 may be attached to a clamping member 610, the clamping member 610 having a "U" shaped configuration to clamp onto the connecting arm 400. A fastening screw 620 is mounted on the clamping member 610. After the tip of the measuring arm 600 is adjusted to a certain connection position, the fastening screw is tightened so that the end of the fastening screw 620 is tightly abutted against the surface of the connection arm 400, and the tip of the measuring arm 600 is locked.
When the measuring staff uses the circle measuring rack 10 of the embodiment to measure the roundness of the product, one of the following two measuring modes can be selected according to different measuring requirements.
(1) Manual measurement mode
The measuring personnel preset the number and the positions of the measuring points of the circular component and then carry out detection one by one. Each of the measuring points is at the same angle with a positioning hole 121, which is called a preset positioning hole.
The motor 510 is kept in a closed state, and the measurer manually operates the rotary shaft 200, the connecting arm 400, or the measuring arm 600 to rotate about the X-axis. Each time the positioning pin 310 is rotated to an angle at which it is opposite to one of the preset positioning holes 121, the positioning pin 310 is inserted into the positioning hole 121 in a downward movement to prohibit the rotation of the rotation shaft 200, referring to fig. 3. The measuring person can perform a single-point measurement on the measured circular component 60, that is, the distance sensing device 20 detects the distance M between the measuring point and the circumferential surface of the measured circular component 60. After the measurement of the first measurement point is completed, the positioning pin 310 is moved up to be separated from the positioning hole 121, referring to fig. 1. Then, the rotation of the rotating shaft 200 is continued, and when the rotation is performed to an angle that makes the positioning pin 310 opposite to the second preset positioning hole 121, the positioning pin 310 is inserted into the positioning hole 121, and then the second single-point measurement is performed. Repeating the operation for many times to finish the measurement of a plurality of measuring points.
The manual measurement mode measuring points can be selected by themselves, the number of measuring points is small, and the speed is high. The positioning pin 310 and the positioning hole 121 are used for restricting the rotational freedom of the rotating shaft 200, so that the measuring arm 600 cannot rotate, and the measuring result is more accurate. Moreover, because the angle of each positioning hole 121 can be designed and marked in advance, the measuring personnel can determine the angle position of each measuring point very conveniently. Preferably, a plurality of positioning holes 121 are uniformly distributed on the distribution circle, and a positioning holes 121 are provided, and the adjacent positioning holes 121 are spaced at an angle of 360 °/a.
(2) Automatic measurement mode
The positioning pin 310 is always kept at the position separated from the positioning hole 121 as shown in fig. 1, the motor 510 is turned on, the motor 510 is operated to drive the measuring arm 600 to rotate continuously, and the distance sensing device 20 continuously detects the distance M between the measuring arm and the surface of the round part 60 to be measured. The continuous detection can finally obtain the radius value of the whole circumference, and can draw a circumference outline, so that the roundness calculation value is more accurate. Moreover, manual operation of measuring personnel is not needed, the automation degree is higher, and the influence on the measurement precision caused by unnecessary displacement of the distance sensing device 20 due to improper manual operation can be avoided.
Adopt the utility model discloses survey circle frame need not to design, preparation, carry and operate the survey circle device of multiple classification according to different circular components. The cost of each link is reduced, and great convenience is brought to measuring personnel. The device is very suitable for large-scale industrial equipment similar to hydroelectric power generation equipment, wherein the circular components are various in types and have different measurement requirements.
When the roundness requirement of the round part 60 to be measured is not particularly high, the roundness is measured only with rough or general accuracy, and a manual measurement mode can be selected. When some key measuring points need to be measured, a manual measuring mode can be selected.
When the circular component 60 to be measured has high requirements on the roundness and the roundness needs to be measured more accurately, an automatic measurement mode can be adopted, so that the automation level and the roundness measurement accuracy are improved.
In some embodiments, as shown in fig. 3-5, the circle measuring stand 10 further comprises an electric lock 350 and a resilient element 320. After the positioning pin 310 moves up to be separated from the positioning hole 121, the electric lock 350 controllably locks the positioning pin 310 so as not to move. After the locking pin 310 is locked by the electric lock 350, the elastic member 320 applies downward elastic pre-load force to the locking pin 310. After the electric lock 350 is unlocked, the elastic pre-tightening force urges the positioning pin 310 to move downwards to be inserted into the positioning hole 121, so that only a measuring person needs to apply an upward force to the positioning pin 310, and the force application structure is convenient to design. As shown in fig. 5, the rotating shaft 200 and the connecting arm 400 are respectively provided with a limiting hole, namely a limiting hole 201 and a limiting hole 401, through which the positioning pin 310 passes. The elastic element 320 is a compression spring sleeved on the positioning pin 310, and the upper end of the elastic element abuts against the bottom surface of the connecting arm 400, and the lower end of the elastic element abuts against the top surface of the shoulder 311 of the positioning pin 310. The top of the positioning pin 310 is provided with a locking hole 315 with a horizontally extending axis. The electric lock 350 is installed to the connecting arm 400 and includes a locking pin 355 that can be driven to move horizontally so that the locking and unlocking of the locking pin 310 is accomplished by driving the locking pin 355 into or out of the locking hole 315. The electric lock 350 is widely applied in the prior art, and the detailed structure thereof will not be described herein.
As shown in fig. 3 and 5, the circle measuring stand 10 further includes a pull rope 340 and at least one fixed pulley 330. The pull cord 340 is attached to the top end of the positioning pin 310. The fixed pulley 330 is mounted on the connecting arm 400, and the number thereof may be one or more, for example, three. The pulling rope 340 passes around the fixed pulley 330 and then extends downward, and when the pulling rope 340 moves, the fixed pulley 330 is driven to rotate. This facilitates the upward movement of the positioning pin 310 by pulling the pull cord 340 downward under the rounding off stand 10. In a hydroelectric power plant, some circular components are at a high height from the ground, up to several meters or even more than ten meters. The embodiment of the utility model provides a through stay cord 340, make things convenient for remote control locating pin 310, the higher circular component of especially adapted measurement mounted position.
In addition, the electric lock 350 may also be remotely controlled. For example, as shown in fig. 3 and 5, the electric lock 350 includes a signal line 351. The signal line 351 extends under the circle measuring stand 10 in a bundled manner with the rope, and the end thereof can reach the end of the pulling rope 340. The end of the signal line 351 is connected with a control switch part 352, and the control switch part 352 is used for controlling the opening and closing of the electric lock 350. Of course, in some alternative embodiments, a remote control or other wireless communication means may be provided to control the motorized lock 350.
In some embodiments, as shown in fig. 3, the circle measuring rack 10 further comprises a plurality of support rods 710 and an arc-shaped sliding hoop 720. Each support rod 710 supports the connecting arm 400 at an upper end and is connected to an arc-shaped sliding band 720 at a lower end. At least a portion of the outer surface of the positioning base 100 is a cylindrical outer surface. The arc-shaped sliding band 720 and the cylindrical outer surface of the positioning base 100 surround the cylindrical outer surface at intervals, and the arc-shaped sliding band 720 is opened with a plurality of openings 721, and each opening 721 is installed with a roller 730. When the connecting arm 400 rotates the support rod 710 and the arc-shaped sliding band 720, the roller 730 rolls on the cylindrical outer surface of the positioning base 100.
Specifically, the top end of each support rod 710 may be fixed to the connecting arm 400, and the connection point between the two may be adjusted to different portions of the connecting arm 400 in the length direction. As shown in FIG. 3, the top of the support rod 710 is connected to a clamp 760, and the clamp 760 is a "U" shaped structure for clamping onto the connecting arm 400. A fastening screw 740 is mounted on the clamp 760. After the top end of the support rod 710 is adjusted to a certain connection position, the fastening screw 740 is tightened so that the end of the fastening screw 740 is tightly abutted against the surface of the connection arm 400, and the top end of the support rod 710 is locked. Each of the support bars 710 includes a double-threaded sleeve 711 having internal threads formed at both ends thereof and two screws 712 respectively screwed to both ends of the double-threaded sleeve 711, so that the length of the support bar 710 is adjusted by adjusting the screwing depth of at least one of the screws 712.
Through setting up bracing piece 710 and arc slip hoop 720, both realized the support to linking arm 400, avoided it to produce too big flexural deformation, do not influence the rotation of linking arm 400 again, and the design is very ingenious. In addition, the connecting point of the support rod 710 and the connecting arm 400 is adjustable, and the length of the support rod 710 is adjustable, so that the position of the connecting arm 400 can be adjusted by adjusting the length of the support rod 710 and the position of the connecting point of the support rod 710 and the connecting arm 400, and the support rod is always kept in a horizontal posture, and the measurement is more accurate.
In some embodiments, as shown in fig. 3, the positioning base 100 includes a sleeve 110 and a first gear 120. The sleeve 110 is vertically disposed (its axis is the aforementioned X-axis). The first gear 120 is fixed to the top of the sleeve 110 and is coaxially disposed with the sleeve 110. The positioning holes 121 are formed in the end surface of the first gear 120. The shaft 200 may be a cylindrical structure, and the lower end thereof is rotatably inserted into the sleeve 110 to rotatably connect the two. The motor 510 is vertically disposed (i.e., the output shaft of the motor 510 extends vertically) and fixed to the connecting arm 400. The output shaft of the motor 510 is provided with a second gear 520, and the second gear 520 is engaged with the first gear 120, so that when the motor 510 operates, the second gear 520 carries the motor 510 to rotate around the first gear 120, and the motor 510 drives the connecting arm 400 to rotate. The diameter of the second gear 520 is smaller than that of the first gear 120 for speed reduction. Of course, in some alternative embodiments, the output shaft of the motor 510 may be directly connected to the rotating shaft 200 to directly drive the rotating shaft 200.
In some embodiments, as shown in fig. 3, the circle measuring stand 10 further comprises a weight 800. So that the stress of the connecting arm 400 at the two sides of the rotation axis is balanced, the connecting arm 400 can better keep the horizontal posture, and the measurement precision is improved. The balancing weight 800 and the measuring arm 600 are respectively installed at both ends of the connecting arm 400, and the motor 510 can be disposed at the same side of the measuring arm 600.
The end of the connecting arm 400 may be provided with a threaded shaft 410, a plurality of ring-shaped weights 800 may be provided, the number of the weights 800 may be determined as required, the weights 800 may be sleeved on the threaded shaft 410, and then nuts 810 may be screwed on the threaded shaft 410 to lock the position of the weights 800.
Thus, it should be appreciated by those skilled in the art that while a number of exemplary embodiments of the invention have been shown and described in detail herein, many other variations and modifications can be made, consistent with the principles of the invention, which are directly determined or derived from the disclosure herein, without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Accordingly, the scope of the present invention should be understood and interpreted to cover all such other variations or modifications.
Claims (9)
1. A roundness measurement system characterized by comprising:
the circle measuring frame comprises a rotating shaft, a connecting arm and a measuring arm, wherein the rotating shaft extends vertically and is coaxial with the round part to be measured, the connecting arm extends horizontally and is fixedly connected to a point a at the top end of the rotating shaft, and the measuring arm extends vertically and is fixedly connected to a point b of the connecting arm at the top end;
the distance sensing device is fixedly connected to a point c at the bottom of the measuring arm, the sensing direction of the sensing end is parallel to the connecting arm, and the distance sensing device detects the distance M between the sensing end and the surface of the round part to be measured in the sensing direction when the sensing end rotates to each preset angle around the central axis of the rotating shaft along with the measuring arm;
the inclination angle sensing device is arranged on the connecting arm or the measuring arm and is used for sensing the inclination angle theta of the connecting arm relative to a horizontal plane during actual measurement;
the data acquisition and conditioning device is communicated with the distance sensing device and the inclination angle sensing device in a preset mode to acquire and condition detection signals of the distance sensing device and the inclination angle sensing device so as to form detection data; and
the data processing device is communicated with the data acquisition and conditioning device in a preset mode to receive the detection data and is used for processing the detection data according to the distance L between the point a and the point b1Distance L between point b and point c2The distance L between the sensing end and the point c3And M and theta, calculating the radial distance N between the sensing end and the surface of the round part to be measured when the connecting arm is in a horizontal state at each preset angle, and calculating the roundness value of the round part to be measured according to a plurality of N values by using a preset program.
2. The roundness measurement system according to claim 1,
the distance sensing device is a non-contact displacement sensor.
3. The roundness measurement system according to claim 1,
the inclination angle sensing device and the measuring arm are connected to the same end portion of the connecting arm.
4. The roundness measurement system of claim 1, wherein the roundness measurement stand further comprises:
the positioning base is used for coaxially positioning the circular component to be measured, the central axis of the positioning base extends along the vertical direction and is provided with a plurality of positioning holes which are rotationally symmetrical relative to the central axis, the rotating shaft and the positioning base are coaxially arranged on the rotating shaft and can rotate around the central axis of the positioning base, and the rotating shaft is provided with a positioning pin which can move up and down; and
the motor is used for controllably driving the rotating shaft to rotate directly or indirectly; and the circle measuring rack is configured to:
enabling the rotating shaft to be manually rotated, and enabling the positioning pin to be downwards inserted into the positioning hole to prohibit the rotating shaft from rotating when the rotating shaft rotates to an angle enabling the positioning pin to be opposite to the preset positioning hole, so that the distance sensing device can detect the distance M between the rotating shaft and the surface of the round part to be detected; or
And keeping the positioning pin at a position separated from the positioning hole, and enabling the motor to operate to drive the measuring arm to continuously rotate, so that the distance sensing device continuously detects the distance M between the measuring arm and the surface of the round part to be measured.
5. The roundness measurement system according to claim 4, wherein the roundness measurement frame further includes:
the electric lock is used for controllably locking the positioning pin after the positioning pin moves upwards to be separated from the positioning hole;
and the elastic element applies downward elastic pre-tightening force to the positioning pin after the positioning pin is locked so as to enable the positioning pin to move downwards and be inserted into the positioning hole after the electric lock is unlocked.
6. The roundness measurement system according to claim 5,
the rotating shaft and the connecting arm are respectively provided with a limiting hole through which the positioning pin passes;
the elastic element is a pressure spring sleeved on the positioning pin, the upper end of the elastic element abuts against the bottom surface of the connecting arm, and the lower end of the elastic element abuts against the top surface of a shaft shoulder of the positioning pin;
the top of the positioning pin is provided with a lock hole with an axis extending horizontally; and is
The electric lock is arranged on the connecting arm and comprises a lock pin which can be driven to move horizontally, so that the lock pin can be locked and unlocked by inserting or separating the lock pin into or from the lock hole.
7. The roundness measurement system according to claim 5, wherein the roundness measuring stand further comprises:
a pull rope connected to the top end of the positioning pin; and
and the fixed pulley is arranged on the connecting arm, so that the pull rope winds around the fixed pulley and then extends downwards, and the pull rope is pulled downwards to drive the positioning pin to move upwards below the circle measuring frame.
8. The roundness measurement system according to claim 4,
the positioning base comprises a vertically arranged sleeve and a first gear coaxially fixed at the top of the sleeve, and the positioning holes are formed in the end face of the first gear;
the lower end of the rotating shaft is rotatably inserted into the sleeve; and is
The motor is vertically arranged and fixed on the connecting arm, and a second gear meshed with the first gear is installed on an output shaft of the motor, so that when the motor runs, the second gear drives the motor to rotate around the first gear, and the motor drives the connecting arm to rotate.
9. The roundness measurement system according to claim 4, wherein the roundness measurement frame further includes:
a plurality of support rods, the upper end of each support rod supporting the connecting arm;
an arc-shaped sliding hoop connected with the lower end of each supporting rod and surrounding the cylindrical outer surface of the positioning base at a certain interval
A plurality of openings are formed in the arc-shaped sliding hoop, and each opening is provided with a roller, so that the connecting arm drives the supporting rod and the arc-shaped sliding hoop to rotate, and the rollers roll on the cylindrical outer surface of the positioning base.
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| CN201920643219.1U CN209927119U (en) | 2019-05-07 | 2019-05-07 | Roundness measuring system |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110044315A (en) * | 2019-05-07 | 2019-07-23 | 中国水利水电科学研究院 | Roundness measuring system |
| CN111982011A (en) * | 2020-07-11 | 2020-11-24 | 芜湖懒人智能科技有限公司 | Garbage bin shell circularity detection device |
-
2019
- 2019-05-07 CN CN201920643219.1U patent/CN209927119U/en active Active
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110044315A (en) * | 2019-05-07 | 2019-07-23 | 中国水利水电科学研究院 | Roundness measuring system |
| CN110044315B (en) * | 2019-05-07 | 2024-02-02 | 中国水利水电科学研究院 | Roundness measuring system |
| CN111982011A (en) * | 2020-07-11 | 2020-11-24 | 芜湖懒人智能科技有限公司 | Garbage bin shell circularity detection device |
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