CN108036758A - One kind is suitable for the detection of aero-engine casing concentricity and method of adjustment - Google Patents

One kind is suitable for the detection of aero-engine casing concentricity and method of adjustment Download PDF

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CN108036758A
CN108036758A CN201711143919.6A CN201711143919A CN108036758A CN 108036758 A CN108036758 A CN 108036758A CN 201711143919 A CN201711143919 A CN 201711143919A CN 108036758 A CN108036758 A CN 108036758A
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msub
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casing
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CN108036758B (en
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金鑫
尚可
郭欢
张之敬
张秋爽
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Beijing Institute of Technology BIT
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    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01BMEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
    • G01B21/00Measuring arrangements or details thereof, where the measuring technique is not covered by the other groups of this subclass, unspecified or not relevant
    • G01B21/22Measuring arrangements or details thereof, where the measuring technique is not covered by the other groups of this subclass, unspecified or not relevant for measuring angles or tapers; for testing the alignment of axes
    • G01B21/24Measuring arrangements or details thereof, where the measuring technique is not covered by the other groups of this subclass, unspecified or not relevant for measuring angles or tapers; for testing the alignment of axes for testing alignment of axes

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  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • A Measuring Device Byusing Mechanical Method (AREA)
  • Length Measuring Devices With Unspecified Measuring Means (AREA)

Abstract

本发明公开了一种适用于航空发动机机匣的同轴度检测和调整的方法,属于制造质量预测与控制领域。本方法先测量机匣各点相对于转台回转中心的位置坐标,再通过最小二乘法拟合与计算得到机匣位姿信息,以此测量和调整发动机机匣上各部件的同轴度。与一般回转轴线测量法不同,本方法允许机匣装夹存在偏移和倾斜,仅需不超出检测极限即可,以此减免人工的精确装夹和调整环节,降低了对工人的技术要求,提高效率。同时本方法简化了人工装表、多次装表。本方法在实施过程中通过计算机编程辅助,减免人工读表、记录、计算等工作,减少工人工作量,提高自动化程度,提升测量效率。

The invention discloses a coaxiality detection and adjustment method suitable for an aero-engine case, belonging to the field of manufacturing quality prediction and control. This method first measures the position coordinates of each point of the casing relative to the rotary center of the turntable, and then obtains the casing pose information through least square fitting and calculation, so as to measure and adjust the coaxiality of the components on the engine casing. Different from the general axis of rotation measurement method, this method allows the offset and inclination of the casing clamping, as long as it does not exceed the detection limit, so as to reduce the manual precise clamping and adjustment links, and reduce the technical requirements for workers. Improve efficiency. Simultaneously, this method simplifies the manual table loading and multiple table loading. In the process of implementation, the method is assisted by computer programming, which reduces manual work such as meter reading, recording, and calculation, reduces the workload of workers, improves the degree of automation, and improves measurement efficiency.

Description

一种适用于航空发动机机匣同轴度检测和调整方法A method suitable for detecting and adjusting the coaxiality of an aero-engine casing

技术领域technical field

本发明涉及一种适用于航空发动机机匣同轴度检测和调整的方法,属于制造质量预测与控制技术领域。The invention relates to a method suitable for detecting and adjusting the coaxiality of an aero-engine casing, and belongs to the technical field of manufacturing quality prediction and control.

背景技术Background technique

大量科研和生产实践表明,航空发动机常常会因为同轴度不合格会引起发动机静、转子碰撞摩擦,从而引起振动,影响发动机工作。因此,同轴度测量对于保证发动机正常工作,提高发动机可靠性具有重要意义。A large number of scientific research and production practices have shown that aero-engines often cause collision and friction between the static and rotor of the engine due to unqualified coaxiality, which causes vibration and affects the operation of the engine. Therefore, coaxiality measurement is of great significance to ensure the normal operation of the engine and improve the reliability of the engine.

结合生产实际,在量产航空发动机装配流水线的环节中,需要对发动机机匣一端的轴承架进行同轴度检测和调整,现在采用的是回转轴线测量法。调整轴承架的方法是先测量并调整使机匣底端中心与旋转中心重合,再测量并调整使机匣基准轴线和转台表面垂直,最后测量并调整使轴承架与机匣同轴。Combined with the actual production, in the assembly line of mass-produced aero-engines, it is necessary to detect and adjust the coaxiality of the bearing frame at one end of the engine casing, and now the method of measuring the axis of rotation is used. The method of adjusting the bearing frame is to first measure and adjust so that the center of the bottom end of the case coincides with the center of rotation, then measure and adjust so that the reference axis of the case is perpendicular to the surface of the turntable, and finally measure and adjust so that the bearing frame is coaxial with the case.

但现行方法存在许多问题需要解决,其主要问题是手动测量导致耗时久,效率低,影响后续装配,降低生产效率。尤其调整零件相对于测量转台的同心和垂直步骤,对工人技术水平要求高,耗时久。同时装表,读表,记录,计算均人工完成,自动化程度低,费人费力且效率低下。However, there are many problems in the current method that need to be solved. The main problem is that manual measurement takes a long time and is inefficient, which affects subsequent assembly and reduces production efficiency. In particular, adjusting the concentric and vertical steps of the parts relative to the measuring turntable requires a high level of worker skill and takes a long time. At the same time, meter installation, meter reading, recording, and calculation are all done manually, with a low degree of automation, laborious work and low efficiency.

发明内容Contents of the invention

有鉴于此,本发明提供了一种适用于航空发动机机匣的同轴度检测和调整方法,该方法能够解决现有技术中检测效率低下的问题,提高机匣同轴度调整和测量自动化程度和测量效率。In view of this, the present invention provides a coaxiality detection and adjustment method suitable for aero-engine casings, which can solve the problem of low detection efficiency in the prior art and improve the automation of casing coaxiality adjustment and measurement and measure efficiency.

一种适用于航空发动机机匣的同轴度检测和调整方法,该检测和调整方法包括以下步骤:A coaxiality detection and adjustment method suitable for an aero-engine casing, the detection and adjustment method comprising the following steps:

步骤一:测量和采集机匣各被测点相对于转台回转中心的位置坐标数据;Step 1: Measure and collect the position coordinate data of each measured point of the casing relative to the rotary center of the turntable;

步骤二:通过最小二乘法对位置坐标数据拟合并计算得到机匣各零件位姿信息;Step 2: Fit and calculate the position coordinate data by the least square method to obtain the pose information of each part of the casing;

步骤三:根据步骤二的零件位姿信息进行同轴度调整。Step 3: Adjust the coaxiality according to the part pose information in Step 2.

进一步地,所述步骤一中位置坐标数据的测量和采集过程如下:Further, the measurement and acquisition process of the position coordinate data in the step 1 is as follows:

将机匣装夹在回转测量台上,将三个以上的数字千分表(根据实际情况不同,表的数量可变,位移传感器类型可换)安装在固定位置后转动转台,当旋转到固定角度时(根据实际情况不同,圆拟合可用4个及以上测量角度,椭圆拟合可用5个及以上测量角度)记录数字千分表的数据;在一次数据采集过程中,共得到多个数字千分表在多个方向上采集的数据。Clamp the casing on the rotary measuring table, install more than three digital dial gauges (according to the actual situation, the number of gauges can be changed, and the type of displacement sensor can be changed) and then turn the turntable at a fixed position. Angle (according to the actual situation, 4 or more angles can be used for circle fitting, 5 or more angles can be used for ellipse fitting) to record the data of the digital dial gauge; in a data collection process, a total of multiple numbers are obtained Data collected by dial gauges in multiple directions.

进一步地,所述步骤二中机匣各零件位姿信息包括:机匣上各测量截面中心点的坐标信息和拟合机匣基准轴线的位姿信息,通过判定各个被测截面中心点与基准轴线的位置关系,判断机匣和各零部件是否满足同轴度要求,如果不满足,给出偏移量信息。Further, the pose information of each part of the casing in the step 2 includes: the coordinate information of the center point of each measurement section on the casing and the pose information of the fitting frame reference axis, by determining the relationship between the center point of each measured section and the reference The positional relationship of the axis is used to judge whether the casing and each component meet the coaxiality requirements, and if not, the offset information is given.

进一步地,假定数字千分表为4个,千分表在水平面上对准转台中心轴线,并且假定一次测量中转台转到A、B、C、D、E、F这6个角度时记录千分表数据。4个数字千分表的高度分别为Z1、Z2、Z3、Z4,不装夹机匣时表压缩量为0时表头到基准轴线的距离分别为R1、R2、R3、R4。将机匣装夹在转台上,并将转台转动到E方向即240°方向时,4个表压缩量R1E′、R2E′、R3E′、R4E′,其它方向同理。4个表在6方向总计测得24个压缩量数据。Further, it is assumed that there are 4 digital dial gauges, and the dial gauges are aligned with the central axis of the turntable on the horizontal plane, and it is assumed that when the turntable turns to the 6 angles of A, B, C, D, E, and F for one measurement, the dial gauges record the dial gauge. Table data. The heights of the 4 digital dial gauges are Z 1 , Z 2 , Z 3 , Z 4 respectively, and the distances from the gauge head to the reference axis when the compression amount of the gauge is 0 when the casing is not clamped are respectively R 1 , R 2 , R 3. R 4 . When the casing is clamped on the turntable and the turntable is turned to the E direction, that is, the direction of 240°, the four indicators are the compression values R 1E ′, R 2E ′, R 3E ′, and R 4E ′, and the other directions are the same. A total of 24 compression data were measured from 4 meters in 6 directions.

以转台面上旋转中心点为原点,A方向即0°方向为X轴,B和C方向中间的90°方向为Y轴,旋转中心轴线即过原点垂直于转台面的轴为Z轴。建立XYZ坐标系后,根据已知的Z1、Z2、Z3、Z4、R1、R2、R3、R4和测得的24个压缩量转化为分别求出24个被测点在该坐标系中的坐标值,E4到坐标系Z轴距离Take the rotation center point on the turntable as the origin, the A direction, that is, the 0° direction, is the X axis, the 90° direction between the B and C directions is the Y axis, and the rotation center axis, that is, the axis passing through the origin and perpendicular to the turntable surface, is the Z axis. After the XYZ coordinate system is established, according to the known Z 1 , Z 2 , Z 3 , Z 4 , R 1 , R 2 , R 3 , R 4 and the measured 24 compressions, it is transformed into 24 measured The coordinate value of the point in the coordinate system, the distance from E 4 to the Z axis of the coordinate system

R4E=R4+R′4E R 4E =R 4 +R' 4E

E4的X坐标值X coordinate value of E 4

X4E=R4E×cos 240°X 4E = R 4E ×cos 240°

E4的Y坐标值Y coordinate value of E 4

Y4E=R4E×sin 240°Y 4E = R 4E × sin 240°

E4的Z坐标值即为Z4,可得E4(X4E,Y4E,Z4),并以相同方法求出其他23个测量点坐标。The Z coordinate value of E 4 is Z 4 , and E 4 (X 4E , Y 4E , Z 4 ) can be obtained, and the coordinates of the other 23 measuring points can be obtained in the same way.

在得到24个点坐标后,需要用最小二乘法分别拟合4个截面的轮廓并求出中心坐标,以表4所测的截面4为例,取该截面上六个测点A4(X4A,Y4A,Z4)、B4(X4B,Y4B,Z4)、C4(X4C,Y4C,Z4)、D4(X4D,Y4D,Z4)、E4(X4E,Y4E,Z4)、F4(X4F,Y4F,Z4)。因六点在同一高度上,所以被测面中心Z坐标是Z4;可设平面椭圆方程After obtaining the coordinates of 24 points, it is necessary to use the least squares method to respectively fit the contours of the four sections and obtain the center coordinates. Taking the section 4 measured in Table 4 as an example, six measuring points A 4 (X 4A ,Y 4A ,Z 4 ), B 4 (X 4B ,Y 4B ,Z 4 ), C 4 (X 4C ,Y 4C ,Z 4 ), D 4 (X 4D ,Y 4D ,Z 4 ), E 4 (X 4E ,Y 4E ,Z 4 ), F 4 (X 4F ,Y 4F ,Z 4 ). Because the six points are at the same height, the Z coordinate of the center of the measured surface is Z 4 ; the plane ellipse equation can be set

a4x2+b4xy+c4y2+d4x+e4y+f4=0a 4 x 2 +b 4 x y +c 4 y 2 +d 4 x+e 4 y+f 4 =0

根据通用的最小二乘法,可以根据六点坐标求出椭圆方程中a4、b4、c4、d4、e4、f4的值,再根据公式求出该截面中心坐标According to the common least square method, the values of a 4 , b 4 , c 4 , d 4 , e 4 , and f 4 in the ellipse equation can be calculated according to the six-point coordinates, and then the center coordinates of the section can be calculated according to the formula

可得中心坐标T4(X4,Y4,Z4),同法可求所有被测截面中心坐标T1(X1,Y1,Z1)、T2(X2,Y2,Z2)、T3(X3,Y3,Z3)、T4(X4,Y4,Z4);接着选择该四点对当机匣基准轴线进行拟合,同样使用最小二乘法。根据不同发动机的设计要求,可选择其中2个及2个以上中心点来拟合基准轴线,特别说明如果选择2点,计算所得是2点连线所在直线,设空间直线方程The central coordinate T 4 (X 4 ,Y 4 ,Z 4 ) can be obtained, and the central coordinates T 1 (X 1 ,Y 1 ,Z 1 ) and T 2 (X 2 ,Y 2 ,Z 2 ), T 3 (X 3 , Y 3 , Z 3 ), T 4 (X 4 , Y 4 , Z 4 ); then select these four points to fit the reference axis of the casing, and also use the least squares method. According to the design requirements of different engines, 2 or more center points can be selected to fit the reference axis. In particular, if 2 points are selected, the calculated result is the straight line where the line connecting the 2 points is located. Set the spatial linear equation

Assume

求偏导partial derivative

即求ask for

解方程可得机匣基准轴线参数方程系数,根据空间点到直线距离公式可求出4点到直线距离r1、r2、r3、r4。当r1、r2、r3、r4分别小于同轴度要求值的一半d1、d2、d3、d4时,即4点在同轴度最小包容区域内,机匣及其零部件同轴度满足要求;By solving the equation, the parameter equation coefficient of the reference axis of the casing can be obtained, and the distances r 1 , r 2 , r 3 , and r 4 from the 4 points to the straight line can be obtained according to the distance formula from the space point to the straight line. When r 1 , r 2 , r 3 , r 4 are less than half of the coaxiality required value d 1 , d 2 , d 3 , d4 respectively, that is, the 4 points are within the minimum containment area of the coaxiality, the casing and its The coaxiality of parts meets the requirements;

当某一ri大于同轴度要求值的一半时,即该点在同轴度最小包容区域外。令Z=Zi带入直线方程求解直线上点Qi(Xqi,Yqi,Zi),比较Qi和被测面中心坐标Ti(Xi,Yi,Zi),根据When a certain r i is greater than half of the required value of coaxiality, that is, the point is outside the minimum containment area of coaxiality. Put Z=Z i into the straight line equation to solve the point Q i (X qi , Y qi ,Z i ) on the line, compare Q i with the center coordinate T i (X i ,Y i ,Z i ) of the measured surface, according to

可知在Z=Zi的水平面上,Ti在Qi的θ方向上r0i处,至此,根据24个表压缩量经数据处理后得到各被测截面中心坐标、机匣基准轴线方程,从而判断同轴度是否合格,并在不合格时计算出装配不合格的被测零件的偏移量和偏移方向。It can be seen that on the horizontal plane of Z=Z i , T i is at r 0i in the θ direction of Q i , so far, after data processing according to the 24 table compressions, the center coordinates of each measured section and the equation of the casing reference axis are obtained, thus Judging whether the coaxiality is qualified or not, and calculating the offset and offset direction of the unqualified assembly of the measured part when it is unqualified.

进一步地,所述步骤三中进行零件同轴度调整的过程如下:Further, the process of adjusting the coaxiality of the parts in the third step is as follows:

机匣同轴度不满足要求时,旋转转台,使表打在数据处理结果显示的偏移方向上,一边使用工具在此方向上调整被测零件,一边观察表的数据变化;当压缩量变化约等于偏移方向时,调整完毕;为确保调整结果准确,应在调整后重新测量一次;根据实际情况,有时同轴度不合格且被测件无法继续调整时,应将机匣重新装配。When the coaxiality of the casing does not meet the requirements, rotate the turntable so that the meter is printed in the offset direction displayed by the data processing results, and use the tool to adjust the measured part in this direction while observing the data change of the meter; when the compression amount changes When it is approximately equal to the offset direction, the adjustment is completed; in order to ensure the accuracy of the adjustment result, it should be measured again after adjustment; according to the actual situation, sometimes when the coaxiality is unqualified and the measured part cannot be adjusted, the casing should be reassembled.

有益效果:Beneficial effect:

1)本发明公开的一种适用于航空发动机机匣的同轴度检测和调整的方法表位置固定,简化了人工装表、多次装表。若使用数字千分表,并与计算机连接,则免去了人工读表、记录、计算,减少了工人操作,提高了自动化程度。1) The method disclosed in the present invention is applicable to the detection and adjustment of the coaxiality of the aero-engine casing. The position of the meter is fixed, which simplifies manual meter installation and multiple meter installation. If a digital dial gauge is used and connected to a computer, manual meter reading, recording, and calculation are eliminated, worker operations are reduced, and the degree of automation is improved.

2)本发明的测量方法可以得到装配体各零部件位姿信息,极大减小装夹误差对装配体同轴度检测的影响。此处装夹误差指将机匣装夹在转台上时,基准轴线和旋转轴线不重合引起的误差。与一般回转轴线测量法不同,本方法允许装夹时底面中心偏移,不需要精确地调机匣底面和转台旋转轴线同心。本方法允许装夹时机匣基准轴线有较大倾斜,不需要精确地调机匣基准轴线和转台底面垂直。本方法仅需通过工装装夹使得机匣偏移和倾斜不超出检测极限即可(即测量过程中,测量表不会超量程),如此可简化甚至跳过每次装夹机匣的基准轴线调整环节,降低了对工人的技术要求,节省了时间,提高了效率。2) The measurement method of the present invention can obtain the pose information of each part of the assembly, greatly reducing the influence of clamping errors on the detection of the coaxiality of the assembly. The clamping error here refers to the error caused by the misalignment of the reference axis and the rotation axis when the casing is clamped on the turntable. Different from the general rotary axis measurement method, this method allows the center of the bottom surface to be offset during clamping, and does not need to precisely adjust the concentricity of the bottom surface of the casing and the rotation axis of the turntable. This method allows the reference axis of the casing to have a large inclination during clamping, and does not need to accurately adjust the reference axis of the casing to be perpendicular to the bottom surface of the turntable. This method only needs to make the casing offset and tilt not exceed the detection limit through tooling and clamping (that is, the measuring gauge will not exceed the range during the measurement process), which can simplify or even skip the reference axis of each clamping casing The adjustment link reduces the technical requirements for workers, saves time and improves efficiency.

3)本方法表位置固定,数据采集精确。本方法通过使用数学计算和最小二乘法拟合保证每个测量截面轮廓拟合的准确性和基准轴线拟合的准确性以及截面中心点与拟合直线空间位置关系的准确性,能够精确地提供同轴度判定和零部件调整参考,保证测量精度,达到测量目的。3) The table position of this method is fixed, and the data collection is accurate. This method uses mathematical calculation and least squares fitting to ensure the accuracy of each measurement section contour fitting, the accuracy of the datum axis fitting and the accuracy of the spatial position relationship between the center point of the section and the fitting straight line, and can accurately provide Coaxiality judgment and component adjustment reference to ensure measurement accuracy and achieve measurement purposes.

附图说明Description of drawings

图1为本发明实施例的检测装置组成示意图。FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the composition of a detection device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

图2为本发明的测量原理主视图;Fig. 2 is the front view of measurement principle of the present invention;

图3为本发明的测量原理俯视图;Fig. 3 is a top view of the measurement principle of the present invention;

图4为被测机匣截面中心点和拟合基准轴线空间关系满足要求示意图;Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram showing that the spatial relationship between the center point of the measured casing section and the fitting reference axis meets the requirements;

图5为被测机匣截面中心点和拟合基准轴线空间关系不满足要求示意图。Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram showing that the spatial relationship between the center point of the measured casing section and the fitting reference axis does not meet the requirements.

其中,1-转台、2-夹具、3-被测机匣、4-横表架、5-加固表头、6-数字千分表、7-滑块、8-滑轨、9-可调横表架、10-定位盘、11-上套筒、12-竖表架、13-下套筒、14-立柱、15-回转测量台。Among them, 1-turntable, 2-fixture, 3-tested casing, 4-horizontal table frame, 5-reinforced meter head, 6-digital dial indicator, 7-slider, 8-slide rail, 9-adjustable Horizontal table frame, 10-positioning plate, 11-upper sleeve, 12-vertical table frame, 13-lower sleeve, 14-column, 15-revolving measuring platform.

具体实施方式Detailed ways

下面结合附图并举实施例,对本发明进行详细描述。The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.

本发明提供了一种适用于航空发动机机匣的同轴度检测和调整的方法与一般回转轴线测量法不同,一般回转测量先通过测量和调整保证机匣基准轴线与转台旋转中心轴线重合,再通过测量零件跳动并进行数据处理判断发动机机匣各部件同轴度是否合格。而本方法是先在转台上建立坐标系,测量得到机匣各被测点在此坐标系中的坐标,再通过最小二乘法拟合计算得到机匣轮廓和位姿信息,以达到测量和调整同轴度的目的。而得到各点坐标需要在每次测量时表都处于固定位置,如此便可在拟合和计算中直接带入千分表的坐标和表压缩量。为了实现检测,可以用一套机械装置保证表的定位精度。为描述具体实施方式,本发明提供一种可行但非唯一的机械装置模型。同时为了体现该方法的自动化程度,采用数字千分表和光电开关与电脑相连的方法实现采集数据、处理数据、显示结果等工作。此计算机编程基于MATLAB的DAQ数据采集工作箱、GUI界面及其它相关模块。The invention provides a method suitable for detecting and adjusting the coaxiality of the aero-engine casing, which is different from the general rotation axis measurement method. The general rotation measurement first ensures that the reference axis of the casing coincides with the rotation center axis of the turntable through measurement and adjustment, and then By measuring the runout of the parts and performing data processing, it is judged whether the coaxiality of each part of the engine casing is qualified. However, this method is to first establish a coordinate system on the turntable, measure and obtain the coordinates of each measured point of the casing in this coordinate system, and then obtain the casing profile and pose information through the least squares fitting calculation, so as to achieve measurement and adjustment. The purpose of concentricity. To obtain the coordinates of each point, the gauge must be in a fixed position every time it is measured, so that the coordinates of the dial indicator and the compression amount of the gauge can be directly brought into the fitting and calculation. In order to realize the detection, a set of mechanical devices can be used to ensure the positioning accuracy of the watch. For purposes of describing specific embodiments, the present invention provides a possible, but not exclusive, model of the mechanism. At the same time, in order to reflect the degree of automation of the method, a method of connecting a digital dial gauge and a photoelectric switch to a computer is used to collect data, process data, and display results. This computer programming is based on MATLAB's DAQ data acquisition workbox, GUI interface and other related modules.

本方法提供的机械装置如图1,将立柱14安装在回转测量台15上,将数字千分表6安装在表架上,竖表架12与立柱14通过轴承和上套筒11、下套筒13相连接,竖表架12通过上套筒11和下套筒13绕立柱14旋转,立柱顶端用圆柱销和螺钉固连一个布有一圈定位孔的定位盘10。测量时可用自锁式弹簧分度销使其与上套筒11定位锁紧,装夹、拆除机匣3时,可拔开销子,移开表架防止损伤表头。且表架的横表架4与竖表架12间用压盖和螺钉紧固,中间两孔为调整用的压紧螺钉孔,连接处内部用垫片微调表的位置,保证加固表头5对准转台旋转中心;竖表架的最上端安装可调横表架9,可调横表架9的前端安装滑轨8,滑块7与滑轨8配合并固定,。在测量设备投入使用前可用标准件进行严格要求安装来调整表的位置。除此之外,在转台附近安装U型槽光电开关,在回转测量台15边缘固定六个挡片并标明角度,用来在特定角度触发光电开关使电脑记录此位置各数字千分表的压缩量。The mechanical device provided by this method is as shown in Figure 1. The column 14 is installed on the rotary measuring table 15, and the digital dial indicator 6 is installed on the meter frame. The vertical meter frame 12 and the column 14 pass through the bearing and the upper sleeve 11 and the lower sleeve. Tube 13 is connected, and vertical table frame 12 rotates around column 14 by upper sleeve 11 and lower sleeve 13, and column top is fixedly connected a positioning plate 10 that is clothed with a circle of positioning holes with straight pin and screw. When measuring, the self-locking spring indexing pin can be used to make it positionally locked with the upper sleeve 11. When clamping and removing the casing 3, the pin can be pulled out to remove the meter frame to prevent damage to the meter head. And the horizontal meter frame 4 and the vertical meter frame 12 of the meter frame are fastened with glands and screws, the two holes in the middle are the compression screw holes for adjustment, and the position of the meter is fine-tuned with gaskets inside the connection to ensure the reinforced meter head 5 Align the center of rotation of the turntable; the uppermost end of the vertical table frame is installed with an adjustable horizontal table frame 9, and the front end of the adjustable horizontal table frame 9 is equipped with a slide rail 8, and the slide block 7 cooperates with the slide rail 8 and is fixed. Before the measuring equipment is put into use, standard parts can be used for strict installation to adjust the position of the meter. In addition, a U-groove photoelectric switch is installed near the turntable, and six baffles are fixed on the edge of the rotary measuring table 15 and the angles are marked, which are used to trigger the photoelectric switch at a specific angle to make the computer record the compression of each digital dial indicator at this position. quantity.

同时为模拟测量过程中的最小二乘拟合过程,现给出一组模拟测量数据,包含了由24个表压缩量转化成三坐标后的坐标数组。该组数据的获得方法是,先设一条空间直线At the same time, for the least squares fitting process in the simulated measurement process, a set of simulated measurement data is given, including the coordinate array converted from 24 table compressions into three coordinates. The way to obtain this group of data is to first set up a space straight line

并取四个点作为被测截面中心,分别以4点画4个形状位姿均不同的椭圆或者圆,再在0°、60°、120°、180°、240°、300°六个方向取4个截面的24个点坐标如表1。And take four points as the center of the measured section, draw four ellipses or circles with different shapes and poses with four points respectively, and then take four points in six directions of 0°, 60°, 120°, 180°, 240°, and 300° The coordinates of 24 points of the 4 sections are shown in Table 1.

表1被测点坐标Table 1 Coordinates of measured points

本方法具体为:This method is specifically:

步骤一,机匣装夹和准备工作:Step 1, receiver clamping and preparation:

松开定位销,转动表架移开数字千分表,再将机匣装夹在转台上的工装夹具上,再次转动表架将表移动到固定位置,使表头打在机匣被测面上并有一定压缩量,锁紧定位销使表架与立柱固连,最后操作计算机程序准备测量。Loosen the positioning pin, turn the meter stand to remove the digital dial indicator, then clamp the casing on the tooling fixture on the turntable, turn the meter stand again to move the meter to a fixed position, so that the gauge head hits the measured surface of the casing There is a certain amount of compression on the table, and the positioning pin is locked to make the table frame and the column firmly connected, and finally the computer program is operated to prepare for measurement.

步骤二,数据采集和数据存储:Step 2, data acquisition and data storage:

转台边缘上6个标明角度的挡片伸出一定距离,保证转台旋转过程中挡片能够遮住U型槽光电开关对射光线。数据采集开始,转动转台,6个挡片在转动过程中依次通过U型槽触发光电开关,光电开关总共发出6个开关量信号用数据采集卡转化为数字量被电脑接收,MATLAB程序收到信号后立即读取并读取记录此时4个数字千分表传输至电脑的表头压缩量数据。4个数字千分表,6次触发光电开关,总共得到24个跳动量,并以Excel表格形式存储。The 6 baffles marked with angles on the edge of the turntable protrude a certain distance to ensure that the baffles can cover the U-groove photoelectric switch against the light rays during the rotation of the turntable. The data collection starts, turn the turntable, and the 6 shutters pass through the U-shaped slot to trigger the photoelectric switch in turn during the rotation process. The photoelectric switch sends out a total of 6 switching signals, which are converted into digital quantities by the data acquisition card and received by the computer. The MATLAB program receives the signal. Immediately afterwards, read and record the compression data of the gauge heads transmitted by the 4 digital dial gauges to the computer at this time. 4 digital dial indicators, 6 trigger photoelectric switches, a total of 24 beatings are obtained, and stored in the form of an Excel table.

如附图2和3所示,其中OO′是转台旋转中心线,O2O2′是机匣基准轴线。图中左侧黑点是表压缩量为0时的表头位置,右侧黑点是装夹机匣后有一定压缩量时的表头位置,即机匣上被测点。表高度为Z1、Z2、Z3、Z4,不装夹机匣时表压缩量为0时表头到OO′的距离分别为R1、R2、R3、R4,转到E方向即240°方向时表压缩量R1E′、R2E′、R3E′、R4E′。转动转台,当转台转到0°、60°、120°、180°、240°、300°时(根据实际情况不同,圆拟合可用4个及以上测量角度,椭圆拟合可用5个及以上测量角度)分别记录此时四个表压缩量。因转台旋转中心线固定,表位置固定,所以Z1、Z2、Z3、Z4以及R1、R2、R3、R4均固定且已知。在一次数据采集过程中,共得到四个表在六个方向上共24个表压缩量数据(压缩量数据数量=表的数量×测量角度数量)。As shown in Figures 2 and 3, OO' is the rotation centerline of the turntable, and O 2 O 2 ' is the reference axis of the casing. The black dot on the left side of the figure is the position of the meter head when the compression amount is 0, and the black point on the right side is the position of the meter head when there is a certain amount of compression after the casing is clamped, that is, the measured point on the casing. The gauge heights are Z 1 , Z 2 , Z 3 , and Z 4 , and the distances from the gauge head to OO′ when the compression of the gauge is 0 when the casing is not clamped are R 1 , R 2 , R 3 , and R 4 respectively. E direction, that is, 240°direction, represents compression amounts R 1E ′, R 2E ′, R 3E ′, R 4E ′. Turn the turntable, when the turntable turns to 0°, 60°, 120°, 180°, 240°, 300° (depending on the actual situation, 4 or more measurement angles can be used for circle fitting, and 5 or more measurement angles can be used for ellipse fitting Measure the angle) to record the compression amounts of the four gauges at this time. Since the rotation center line of the turntable is fixed and the table position is fixed, Z 1 , Z 2 , Z 3 , Z 4 and R 1 , R 2 , R 3 , R 4 are all fixed and known. In one data acquisition process, a total of 24 table compression data of four tables in six directions are obtained (compression data quantity=table number×measurement angle number).

步骤三,数据处理和结果显示:Step 3, data processing and result display:

数据处理的目的是计算机匣中各零部件测量截面中心点的坐标和拟合机匣基准轴线O2O2′的位姿,并且通过判定各中心点与机匣基准轴线O2O2′的位置关系,来判断机匣和各零部件是否满足同轴度要求,如果不满足,给出偏移量信息。The purpose of data processing is to calculate the coordinates of the center point of the measurement section of each component in the casing and fit the pose of the casing reference axis O 2 O 2 ′, and determine the relationship between each center point and the casing reference axis O 2 O 2 ′ The positional relationship is used to judge whether the casing and each component meet the coaxiality requirements, and if not, the offset information is given.

进行数据处理前需要建立XYZ坐标系,该坐标系以转台上旋转中心为原点,Z轴沿转台旋转中心OO′方向向上,X轴沿A方向即0°方向,根据右手坐标系特征可得Y轴方向。Before data processing, an XYZ coordinate system needs to be established. The coordinate system takes the rotation center on the turntable as the origin, the Z axis goes upward along the OO′ direction of the turntable rotation center, and the X axis goes along the A direction, that is, the 0° direction. According to the characteristics of the right-handed coordinate system, Y can be obtained axis direction.

建立坐标系后,根据已知的Z1、Z2、Z3、Z4、R11、R12、R13、R14和测得的24个压缩量转化为分别求出24个被测点在该坐标系中的坐标值,24点坐标值如表1。After the coordinate system is established, according to the known Z 1 , Z 2 , Z 3 , Z 4 , R 11 , R 12 , R 13 , R 14 and the measured 24 compressions are transformed into 24 measured points respectively. In this coordinate system, the coordinate values of 24 points are shown in Table 1.

在得到24个点坐标后,下一步需要用最小二乘法分别拟合4个截面的轮廓求出中心坐标T1(0.24000,0.620,40)、T2(0.280,0.740,80)、T3(0.600,1.700400)、T4(0.800,2.300,600)。After obtaining the coordinates of 24 points, the next step is to use the least square method to fit the contours of the four sections to obtain the center coordinates T 1 (0.24000,0.620,40), T 2 (0.280,0.740,80), T 3 ( 0.600,1.700400), T4 (0.800,2.300,600).

求出4个截面中心坐标后,对当机匣基准轴线O2O2′进行拟合,同样使用最小二乘法。求得空间直线方程After calculating the center coordinates of the four sections, the least squares method is used to fit the casing reference axis O 2 O 2 ′. Find the equation of a straight line in space

解方程可得机匣基准轴线参数方程。根据空间点到直线距离公式可求出4点到直线距离r1=0.0000107、r2=0.0000063、r3=0.0000258、r4=0.0000166。r1、r2、r3、r4均小于各被测面同轴度要求值d1=0.02、d2=0.15、d3=0.03、d4=0.02的一半(为了体现测量的灵活性,不同的被测面设定不同的同轴度要求。),机匣及其零部件同轴度满足要求,结果显示如图4所示。By solving the equations, the parametric equations of the casing datum axis can be obtained. According to the distance formula from a point to a straight line in space, the distances from four points to a straight line can be calculated as r 1 =0.0000107, r 2 =0.0000063, r 3 =0.0000258, r 4 =0.0000166. r 1 , r 2 , r 3 , r 4 are all less than half of the coaxiality requirements of the measured surfaces d 1 =0.02, d 2 =0.15, d 3 =0.03, d 4 =0.02 (in order to reflect the flexibility of measurement , Different measured surfaces set different coaxiality requirements.), the coaxiality of the casing and its parts meets the requirements, and the results are shown in Figure 4.

当机匣及其零部件同轴度满足要求时,测量结束。当不满足时,例如图5所示,则进入下一步骤进行调整。其中图5的坐标数据是在图4所用的坐标数据基础上,利用计算机软件MATLAB给24个坐标每个坐标的X和Y值分别加上一个-0.05到0.05的随机数得来的,用来模拟实际生产中机匣装配或加工误差。When the coaxiality of the casing and its components meets the requirements, the measurement ends. When not satisfied, such as shown in Figure 5, then enter the next step for adjustment. Among them, the coordinate data in Figure 5 is based on the coordinate data used in Figure 4, using the computer software MATLAB to add a random number from -0.05 to 0.05 to the X and Y values of each coordinate of the 24 coordinates. Simulate casing assembly or machining errors in actual production.

步骤四,实时显示和调整零件:Step 4, display and adjust parts in real time:

如果不满足同轴度要求,如图5所示,计算机会根据上一步计算出的各截面中心点和拟合基准轴线空间关系,显示出该不合格点相对于直线的距离和偏转角,以此作为调整机匣及其内部轴承架、轴承等零件的参考。根据计算机显示的偏移方向,旋转转台,使测量表打在需要调整零件的偏移方向上,如本例中截面3的304°,一边用工具沿着偏移方向微调,一边观察数字千分表显示屏上压缩量变化,当压缩量变化达到计算机给出的偏移量:If the coaxiality requirements are not met, as shown in Figure 5, the computer will display the distance and deflection angle of the unqualified point relative to the straight line based on the spatial relationship between the center points of each section calculated in the previous step and the fitting datum axis, so as to This is used as a reference for adjusting the casing and its internal bearing frame, bearing and other parts. According to the offset direction displayed by the computer, rotate the turntable so that the measuring table is placed in the offset direction of the part to be adjusted, such as 304° of section 3 in this example, and observe the digital micrometer while fine-tuning along the offset direction with tools The amount of compression changes on the display screen of the meter, when the amount of compression changes to the offset given by the computer:

Δr=0.0121-0.010=0.0021mmΔr=0.0121-0.010=0.0021mm

此次调整完毕。为保证调整后机匣及其内部零件同轴,此时应从步骤二开始重新测量,如此循环直到某次步骤三中计算机显示“合格”,此时测量结束。This adjustment is complete. In order to ensure that the adjusted casing and its internal parts are coaxial, the measurement should start from step 2 again, and so on, until the computer displays "pass" in step 3, and the measurement ends at this time.

综上所述,以上仅为本发明的较佳实施例而已,并非用于限定本发明的保护范围。凡在本发明的精神和原则之内,所作的任何修改、等同替换、改进等,均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。To sum up, the above are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the protection scope of the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention shall be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (5)

  1. It is 1. a kind of suitable for the concentricity detection of aero-engine casing and method of adjustment, it is characterised in that the detection and adjustment Method comprises the following steps:
    Step 1:Measure and gather position coordinate data of each measured point of casing relative to rotation of rotary table center;
    Step 2:Position coordinate data is fitted by least square method and each part posture information of casing is calculated;
    Step 3:Concentricity adjustment is carried out according to the part posture information of step 2.
  2. 2. as claimed in claim 1 suitable for the concentricity detection of aero-engine casing and method of adjustment, it is characterised in that The measurement of position coordinate data and gatherer process are as follows in the step 1:
    By casing clamping on revolution test desk, by the digital dial gauge of more than three behind the fixed position rotating table, The data of digital dial gauge are recorded when rotating to fixed angle;In a data acquisition, multiple digital thousand are obtained The data for dividing table to gather in a plurality of directions.
  3. 3. as claimed in claim 1 suitable for the concentricity detection of aero-engine casing and method of adjustment, it is characterised in that Each part posture information of casing includes in the step 2:The coordinate information and fitting casing of kernel of section point are respectively measured on casing The posture information of datum axis, by judging the position relationship of each measured section central point and datum axis, judge casing and Whether each parts meet concentricity requirement, if conditions are not met, providing offset information.
  4. 4. as claimed in claim 2 suitable for the concentricity detection of aero-engine casing and method of adjustment, it is characterised in that It is assumed that digital dial gauge is 4, amesdial is directed at turntable center axis in the horizontal plane, and assumes that one-shot measurement intermediate station turns To record amesdial data during this 6 angles of A, B, C, D, E, F.The height of 4 digital dial gauges is respectively Z1、Z2、Z3、Z4, no The distance of gauge outfit to datum axis is respectively R when table decrement is 0 during clamping casing1、R2、R3、R4.By casing clamping in turntable On, and when turntable is turned to E directions i.e. 240 ° direction, 4 table decrements are respectively R1E′、R2E′、R3E′、R4E', other directions Similarly.4 tables amount in 6 directions and measure 24 decrement data.
    Using rotary middle point on table with revolvable top as origin, A directions i.e. 0 ° direction is X-axis, and 90 ° of directions among B and C directions are Y-axis, Center of rotation axis was that origin perpendicular to the axis of table with revolvable top is Z axis.After establishing XYZ coordinate system, according to known Z1、Z2、Z3、 Z4、R1、R2、R3、R4It is converted into 24 decrements measured and obtains the coordinate value of 24 measured points in the coordinate system, E respectively4 To coordinate system Z axis distance
    R4E=R4+R′4E
    E4X-coordinate value
    X4E=R4E×cos240°
    E4Y-coordinate value
    Y4E=R4E×sin240°
    E4Z coordinate value be Z4, E can be obtained4(X4E, Y4E, Z4), and other 23 measurement point coordinates are obtained in the same way;
    , it is necessary to be fitted the profile in 4 sections respectively with least square method and obtain centre coordinate after 24 point coordinates are obtained, with Exemplified by the section 4 that table 4 is surveyed, six measuring point A on the section are taken4(X4A, Y4A, Z4)、B4(X4B, Y4B, Z4)、C4(X4C, Y4C, Z4)、 D4(X4D, Y4D, Z4)、E4(X4E, Y4E, Z4)、F4(X4F, Y4F, Z4);Because 6 points on sustained height, so tested surface center Z coordinate It is Z4;Planar elliptical equation can be set
    a4x2+b4xy+c4y2+d4x+e4y+f4=0
    According to general least square method, α in elliptic equation can be obtained according to six point coordinates4、b4、c4、d4、e4、f4Value, then The kernel of section coordinate is obtained according to formula
    <mrow> <msub> <mi>X</mi> <mn>4</mn> </msub> <mo>=</mo> <mfrac> <mrow> <mn>2</mn> <msub> <mi>c</mi> <mn>4</mn> </msub> <msub> <mi>d</mi> <mn>4</mn> </msub> <mo>-</mo> <msub> <mi>b</mi> <mn>4</mn> </msub> <msub> <mi>e</mi> <mn>4</mn> </msub> </mrow> <mrow> <msup> <msub> <mi>b</mi> <mn>4</mn> </msub> <mn>2</mn> </msup> <mo>-</mo> <mn>4</mn> <msub> <mi>a</mi> <mn>4</mn> </msub> <msub> <mi>c</mi> <mn>4</mn> </msub> </mrow> </mfrac> </mrow>
    <mrow> <msub> <mi>Y</mi> <mn>4</mn> </msub> <mo>=</mo> <mfrac> <mrow> <mn>2</mn> <msub> <mi>a</mi> <mn>4</mn> </msub> <msub> <mi>e</mi> <mn>4</mn> </msub> <mo>-</mo> <msub> <mi>b</mi> <mn>4</mn> </msub> <msub> <mi>d</mi> <mn>4</mn> </msub> </mrow> <mrow> <msup> <msub> <mi>b</mi> <mn>4</mn> </msub> <mn>2</mn> </msup> <mo>-</mo> <mn>4</mn> <msub> <mi>a</mi> <mn>4</mn> </msub> <msub> <mi>c</mi> <mn>4</mn> </msub> </mrow> </mfrac> </mrow>
    Centre coordinate T can be obtained4(X4, Y4, Z4), it can seek all measured section centre coordinate T with method1(X1, Y1, Z1)、T2(X2, Y2, Z2)、T3(X3, Y3, Z3)、T4(X4, Y4, Z4);Then select at this 4 points to when casing datum axis is fitted, same use is most Small square law, according to the design requirement of different engines, may be selected wherein 2 and more than 2 central points to be fitted datum axis, It is straight line where 2 lines to calculate gained, if space line equation
    <mfenced open = "{" close = ""> <mtable> <mtr> <mtd> <mi>X</mi> <mo>=</mo> <mi>a</mi> <mi>Z</mi> <mo>+</mo> <mi>b</mi> </mtd> </mtr> <mtr> <mtd> <mi>Y</mi> <mo>=</mo> <mi>c</mi> <mi>Z</mi> <mo>+</mo> <mi>d</mi> </mtd> </mtr> <mtr> <mtd> <mi>Z</mi> <mo>=</mo> <mi>Z</mi> </mtd> </mtr> </mtable> </mfenced>
    If
    <mfenced open = "{" close = ""> <mtable> <mtr> <mtd> <mrow> <msub> <mi>f</mi> <mn>1</mn> </msub> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <mi>a</mi> <mo>,</mo> <mi>b</mi> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> <mo>=</mo> <munderover> <mi>&amp;Sigma;</mi> <mrow> <mi>i</mi> <mo>=</mo> <mn>1</mn> </mrow> <mn>4</mn> </munderover> <msup> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <msub> <mi>aZ</mi> <mi>i</mi> </msub> <mo>+</mo> <mi>b</mi> <mo>-</mo> <msub> <mi>X</mi> <mi>i</mi> </msub> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> <mn>2</mn> </msup> </mrow> </mtd> </mtr> <mtr> <mtd> <mrow> <msub> <mi>f</mi> <mn>2</mn> </msub> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <mi>c</mi> <mo>,</mo> <mi>d</mi> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> <mo>=</mo> <munderover> <mi>&amp;Sigma;</mi> <mrow> <mi>i</mi> <mo>=</mo> <mn>1</mn> </mrow> <mn>4</mn> </munderover> <msup> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <msub> <mi>cZ</mi> <mi>i</mi> </msub> <mo>+</mo> <mi>d</mi> <mo>-</mo> <msub> <mi>Y</mi> <mi>i</mi> </msub> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> <mn>2</mn> </msup> </mrow> </mtd> </mtr> </mtable> </mfenced>
    Seek local derviation
    <mrow> <mfrac> <mrow> <mo>&amp;part;</mo> <msub> <mi>f</mi> <mn>1</mn> </msub> </mrow> <mrow> <mo>&amp;part;</mo> <mi>a</mi> </mrow> </mfrac> <mo>=</mo> <mfrac> <mrow> <mo>&amp;part;</mo> <msub> <mi>f</mi> <mn>1</mn> </msub> </mrow> <mrow> <mo>&amp;part;</mo> <mi>b</mi> </mrow> </mfrac> <mo>=</mo> <mfrac> <mrow> <mo>&amp;part;</mo> <msub> <mi>f</mi> <mn>2</mn> </msub> </mrow> <mrow> <mo>&amp;part;</mo> <mi>c</mi> </mrow> </mfrac> <mo>=</mo> <mfrac> <mrow> <mo>&amp;part;</mo> <msub> <mi>f</mi> <mn>2</mn> </msub> </mrow> <mrow> <mo>&amp;part;</mo> <mi>d</mi> </mrow> </mfrac> <mo>=</mo> <mn>0</mn> </mrow>
    Ask
    <mrow> <mfenced open = "[" close = "]"> <mtable> <mtr> <mtd> <mi>a</mi> </mtd> <mtd> <mi>b</mi> </mtd> </mtr> <mtr> <mtd> <mi>c</mi> </mtd> <mtd> <mi>d</mi> </mtd> </mtr> </mtable> </mfenced> <mfenced open = "[" close = "]"> <mtable> <mtr> <mtd> <mrow> <munderover> <mo>&amp;Sigma;</mo> <mrow> <mi>i</mi> <mo>=</mo> <mn>1</mn> </mrow> <mn>4</mn> </munderover> <msup> <msub> <mi>Z</mi> <mi>i</mi> </msub> <mn>2</mn> </msup> </mrow> </mtd> <mtd> <mrow> <munderover> <mo>&amp;Sigma;</mo> <mrow> <mi>i</mi> <mo>=</mo> <mn>1</mn> </mrow> <mn>4</mn> </munderover> <msub> <mi>Z</mi> <mi>i</mi> </msub> </mrow> </mtd> </mtr> <mtr> <mtd> <mrow> <munderover> <mo>&amp;Sigma;</mo> <mrow> <mi>i</mi> <mo>=</mo> <mn>1</mn> </mrow> <mn>4</mn> </munderover> <msub> <mi>Z</mi> <mi>i</mi> </msub> </mrow> </mtd> <mtd> <mn>4</mn> </mtd> </mtr> </mtable> </mfenced> <mo>=</mo> <mfenced open = "[" close = "]"> <mtable> <mtr> <mtd> <mrow> <munderover> <mo>&amp;Sigma;</mo> <mrow> <mi>i</mi> <mo>=</mo> <mn>1</mn> </mrow> <mn>4</mn> </munderover> <msub> <mi>Z</mi> <mi>i</mi> </msub> <msub> <mi>X</mi> <mi>i</mi> </msub> </mrow> </mtd> <mtd> <mrow> <munderover> <mo>&amp;Sigma;</mo> <mrow> <mi>i</mi> <mo>=</mo> <mn>1</mn> </mrow> <mn>4</mn> </munderover> <msub> <mi>X</mi> <mi>i</mi> </msub> </mrow> </mtd> </mtr> <mtr> <mtd> <mrow> <munderover> <mo>&amp;Sigma;</mo> <mrow> <mi>i</mi> <mo>=</mo> <mn>1</mn> </mrow> <mn>4</mn> </munderover> <msub> <mi>Z</mi> <mi>i</mi> </msub> <msub> <mi>Y</mi> <mi>i</mi> </msub> </mrow> </mtd> <mtd> <mrow> <munderover> <mo>&amp;Sigma;</mo> <mrow> <mi>i</mi> <mo>=</mo> <mn>1</mn> </mrow> <mn>4</mn> </munderover> <msub> <mi>Y</mi> <mi>i</mi> </msub> </mrow> </mtd> </mtr> </mtable> </mfenced> </mrow>
    Casing datum axis parametric equation coefficient can be obtained by solving equation, and can obtain at 4 points to directly according to space distance between beeline and dot formula Linear distance r1、r2、r3、r4, work as r1、r2、r3、r4It is respectively smaller than the half d of concentricity required value1、d2、d3、d4When, i.e., 4 points same In axis degree minimally surrounded area, casing and its parts concentricity are met the requirements;
    As a certain riMore than concentricity required value half when, i.e., the point is overseas in concentricity minimum tolerance area.Make Z=ZiBring into Linear equation solves Points on Straight Line Qi(Xqi,Yqi,Zi), compare QiWith tested surface centre coordinate Ti(Xi,Yi,Zi), according to
    <mfenced open = "{" close = ""> <mtable> <mtr> <mtd> <mrow> <mi>&amp;Delta;</mi> <mi>X</mi> <mo>=</mo> <msub> <mi>X</mi> <mi>i</mi> </msub> <mo>-</mo> <msub> <mi>X</mi> <mrow> <mi>q</mi> <mi>i</mi> </mrow> </msub> </mrow> </mtd> </mtr> <mtr> <mtd> <mrow> <mi>&amp;Delta;</mi> <mi>Y</mi> <mo>=</mo> <msub> <mi>Y</mi> <mi>i</mi> </msub> <mo>-</mo> <msub> <mi>Y</mi> <mrow> <mi>q</mi> <mi>i</mi> </mrow> </msub> </mrow> </mtd> </mtr> <mtr> <mtd> <mrow> <msub> <mi>r</mi> <mrow> <mn>0</mn> <mi>i</mi> </mrow> </msub> <mo>=</mo> <msqrt> <mrow> <msup> <mi>&amp;Delta;X</mi> <mn>2</mn> </msup> <mo>+</mo> <msup> <mi>&amp;Delta;Y</mi> <mn>2</mn> </msup> </mrow> </msqrt> </mrow> </mtd> </mtr> <mtr> <mtd> <mrow> <mi>&amp;theta;</mi> <mo>=</mo> <msup> <mi>tan</mi> <mrow> <mo>-</mo> <mn>1</mn> </mrow> </msup> <mfrac> <mrow> <mi>&amp;Delta;</mi> <mi>Y</mi> </mrow> <mrow> <mi>&amp;Delta;</mi> <mi>X</mi> </mrow> </mfrac> </mrow> </mtd> </mtr> </mtable> </mfenced>
    Understand in Z=ZiHorizontal plane on, TiIn Qiθ directions on rOiPlace, so far, according to 24 table decrements through data processing After obtain each measured section centre coordinate, casing datum axis equation, so as to judge whether concentricity qualified, and when unqualified Calculate the offset for assembling underproof tested part and offset direction.
  5. 5. as claimed in claim 1 suitable for the concentricity detection of aero-engine casing and method of adjustment, it is characterised in that The process that part concentricity adjustment is carried out in the step 3 is as follows:
    When casing concentricity is unsatisfactory for requiring, revolving-turret, makes table beat on the offset direction that data processed result is shown, on one side Tested part is just adjusted upward herein using instrument, while the data variation of observation table;When decrement change is approximately equal to offset side Xiang Shi, adjustment finish;It is accurate to ensure to adjust result, it should remeasure after the adjustment once;According to actual conditions, sometimes coaxially When adjustment can not be continued by spending unqualified and measured piece, casing should be ressembled.
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CN109029220A (en) * 2018-09-20 2018-12-18 北京铂阳顶荣光伏科技有限公司 Coaxality measuring mechanism
CN109262008A (en) * 2018-10-22 2019-01-25 中国航空工业集团公司洛阳电光设备研究所 A kind of concentricity Precision Machining ensuring method of long overhanging Combined machining class part
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CN111644901A (en) * 2020-04-09 2020-09-11 武汉船用机械有限责任公司 Method and device for correcting machining axis of workpiece
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