CN110036219A - 用于商用车的盘式制动器 - Google Patents
用于商用车的盘式制动器 Download PDFInfo
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
- F16D55/00—Brakes with substantially-radial braking surfaces pressed together in axial direction, e.g. disc brakes
- F16D55/02—Brakes with substantially-radial braking surfaces pressed together in axial direction, e.g. disc brakes with axially-movable discs or pads pressed against axially-located rotating members
- F16D55/22—Brakes with substantially-radial braking surfaces pressed together in axial direction, e.g. disc brakes with axially-movable discs or pads pressed against axially-located rotating members by clamping an axially-located rotating disc between movable braking members, e.g. movable brake discs or brake pads
- F16D55/224—Brakes with substantially-radial braking surfaces pressed together in axial direction, e.g. disc brakes with axially-movable discs or pads pressed against axially-located rotating members by clamping an axially-located rotating disc between movable braking members, e.g. movable brake discs or brake pads with a common actuating member for the braking members
- F16D55/225—Brakes with substantially-radial braking surfaces pressed together in axial direction, e.g. disc brakes with axially-movable discs or pads pressed against axially-located rotating members by clamping an axially-located rotating disc between movable braking members, e.g. movable brake discs or brake pads with a common actuating member for the braking members the braking members being brake pads
- F16D55/226—Brakes with substantially-radial braking surfaces pressed together in axial direction, e.g. disc brakes with axially-movable discs or pads pressed against axially-located rotating members by clamping an axially-located rotating disc between movable braking members, e.g. movable brake discs or brake pads with a common actuating member for the braking members the braking members being brake pads in which the common actuating member is moved axially, e.g. floating caliper disc brakes
- F16D55/2265—Brakes with substantially-radial braking surfaces pressed together in axial direction, e.g. disc brakes with axially-movable discs or pads pressed against axially-located rotating members by clamping an axially-located rotating disc between movable braking members, e.g. movable brake discs or brake pads with a common actuating member for the braking members the braking members being brake pads in which the common actuating member is moved axially, e.g. floating caliper disc brakes the axial movement being guided by one or more pins engaging bores in the brake support or the brake housing
- F16D55/22655—Constructional details of guide pins
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
- F16D55/00—Brakes with substantially-radial braking surfaces pressed together in axial direction, e.g. disc brakes
- F16D55/02—Brakes with substantially-radial braking surfaces pressed together in axial direction, e.g. disc brakes with axially-movable discs or pads pressed against axially-located rotating members
- F16D55/22—Brakes with substantially-radial braking surfaces pressed together in axial direction, e.g. disc brakes with axially-movable discs or pads pressed against axially-located rotating members by clamping an axially-located rotating disc between movable braking members, e.g. movable brake discs or brake pads
- F16D55/224—Brakes with substantially-radial braking surfaces pressed together in axial direction, e.g. disc brakes with axially-movable discs or pads pressed against axially-located rotating members by clamping an axially-located rotating disc between movable braking members, e.g. movable brake discs or brake pads with a common actuating member for the braking members
- F16D55/225—Brakes with substantially-radial braking surfaces pressed together in axial direction, e.g. disc brakes with axially-movable discs or pads pressed against axially-located rotating members by clamping an axially-located rotating disc between movable braking members, e.g. movable brake discs or brake pads with a common actuating member for the braking members the braking members being brake pads
- F16D55/226—Brakes with substantially-radial braking surfaces pressed together in axial direction, e.g. disc brakes with axially-movable discs or pads pressed against axially-located rotating members by clamping an axially-located rotating disc between movable braking members, e.g. movable brake discs or brake pads with a common actuating member for the braking members the braking members being brake pads in which the common actuating member is moved axially, e.g. floating caliper disc brakes
- F16D55/2265—Brakes with substantially-radial braking surfaces pressed together in axial direction, e.g. disc brakes with axially-movable discs or pads pressed against axially-located rotating members by clamping an axially-located rotating disc between movable braking members, e.g. movable brake discs or brake pads with a common actuating member for the braking members the braking members being brake pads in which the common actuating member is moved axially, e.g. floating caliper disc brakes the axial movement being guided by one or more pins engaging bores in the brake support or the brake housing
- F16D55/227—Brakes with substantially-radial braking surfaces pressed together in axial direction, e.g. disc brakes with axially-movable discs or pads pressed against axially-located rotating members by clamping an axially-located rotating disc between movable braking members, e.g. movable brake discs or brake pads with a common actuating member for the braking members the braking members being brake pads in which the common actuating member is moved axially, e.g. floating caliper disc brakes the axial movement being guided by one or more pins engaging bores in the brake support or the brake housing by two or more pins
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Abstract
本发明涉及一种用于商用车的盘式制动器,其包括搭接制动盘的制动钳,制动钳借助两个导向杆(6)以能相对于所述制动盘轴向移动的方式支承在位置固定的制动支架上,所述两个导向杆分别作为一个滑动支承件的组成部分,一个滑动支承件构造为固定支承件并且另一个滑动支承件构造为浮动支承件,在至少所述浮动支承件的导向杆(6)上在该导向杆的背离所述制动支架的端部区域上设置有环绕地包套该导向杆(6)的膜片折叠部(10),其中,该导向杆(6)的该端部区域借助盖(12)封闭,该盘式制动器构造为使得所述膜片折叠部(10)借助其朝向所述盖(12)的端部形锁合地保持在该导向杆(6)上。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种按照权利要求1前序部分的用于商用车的盘式制动器。
背景技术
这样的盘式制动器尤其是在重型商用车中使用,其中也称为滑动钳的制动钳通过固定在车辆侧制动支架上的导向杆而在该导向杆上相对于制动盘以在轴向上可移动的方式被支承。导向杆作为滑动支承件的组成部分通常通过螺纹拧紧与制动支架连接。
滑动支承件之一构造为具有小的滑动间隙的固定支承件,而另一个滑动支承件形成浮动支承件,以便尤其是补偿制造公差。该固定支承件基本上承担主导向装置的功能,以用于在制动操纵以及磨损补偿调节的情况下保证顺畅的可移动性。
对于规定的功能,浮动支承件具有包围导向杆的并且不可移动地保持在制动钳中的导向衬套,所述导向衬套包括弹性体制成的弹性内套筒。内套筒的弹性阻止形成嘎嘎的响声(如其由公差决定地可能在浮动支承件的情况下出现)。此外,弹性体内套筒在其鲁棒性以及简单装配方面提供其他的优点。
然而,商用车在未铺路的或严重弄脏的道路上的使用可能由于碎石或污物加载导致密封部的、即膜片折叠部的损害,结果是,污水可进入滑动套筒的引导区域中,这导致磨损明显提高并且要求过早更换滑动套筒。
除了使用由弹性体制成的内套筒之外,也已知由金属/塑料支撑的复合轴瓦,包括在两侧的密封部作为导向衬套。当然,这样的支承件在其间隙方面倾向于形成噪声,为了避免形成噪声需要附加的缓冲措施。
在每种情况中,导向杆的开口的端部、亦即背离制动支架的端部区域必须以附加的构件进行密封,这在DE10 2006 050 647 A1中公开的盘式制动器中通过套装的与制动钳连接的盖进行,所述盖覆盖端侧的外罩区域以及导向杆的端侧。
在由WO 2013/143980 A1已知的结构中,膜片折叠部借助套装到导向杆上的盖通过摩擦锁合被保持,其中,该盖通常由板材成形件制成,所述板材成形件插入作为空心轴构成的导向杆中并且具有环绕的径向向外指向的凸缘,所述凸缘作为用于膜片折叠部的端侧凸起的止挡部起作用,其中,该凸起夹紧在导向杆的自由的环形端侧和所述凸缘之间。
当然,膜片折叠部在导向杆上的上述固定不构成足够持久的固定。
例如在高的水压的作用下,典型地在车辆和盘式制动器的蒸汽射流净化时,不能保证足够的安全性以防水进入。
发明内容
本发明的任务是,这样发展这种类型的盘式制动器,使得以结构简单的方式提高其使用寿命。
该任务通过具有权利要求1特征的盘式制动器解决。
通过该结构上的设计,实现相对于环境的可靠密封并且借此不仅相对于与行驶有关的影响并且也相对于以水或类似物的特别加载实现可靠密封。
特别是,在经受提高的碎石和污染风险的商用车中使用新的盘式制动器时,通过本发明,该盘式制动器的由滑动支承件或导向杆影响参量的使用寿命延长。
按照本发明的一种实施变型方案,优选则由板材制成的盖摩擦锁合地保持在导向杆上,同时膜片折叠部的凸起压入或挤压到导向杆的按照本发明设置的环绕的槽中。
在此,所述槽可设置在导向杆的内周面上或外周面上,其中,波纹管在凸起布置所谓的在内部环绕的槽中时围绕导向杆的(以环形构造的)自由端侧引导,而罐状构造的盖压入到导向杆中,其中,所述盖的开放侧向外指向。利用径向向外指向的环绕的凸缘,盖如以其外周面的一部分那样贴靠在膜片折叠部上,而所述盖的外周面的另一部分用于与导向杆形成摩擦锁合的连接。
在导向杆的在膜片折叠部的内部覆盖区域中的内部直径以膜片折叠部的双倍厚度大于如下在区域的内部直径,所述盖以其外周面摩擦锁合地贴靠在该区域上。
决定性的是,膜片折叠部的凸起在各情况下喷水密封的贴靠借助不仅所述槽的至少一个壁(优选所述槽的底部)而且所述盖的周面实现。
这在另一种实施变型方案中以相同的程度实现,其中,优选由塑料制造的盖类似作为塞被插入到导向杆中并且在那里形锁合地至少沿轴向方向被保持。为此,盖可在其沉入导向杆中的端部区域中具有形锁合元件,例如以在径向上有弹性的卡钩的形式,所述形锁合元件对应于导向杆的对应成型部。
本发明的其他有利构型在从属权利要求中表征。
附图说明
接着借助附图描述本发明的实施例。
附图中:
图1示出按照现有技术的盘式制动器的示意性俯视图;
图2a和b)分别以按照图1中标识“X”的局部纵剖面示出在不同的工作位置中的按照现有技术的盘式制动器的一部分;
图3至5分别以局部纵剖面示出本发明的一个实施例。
具体实施方式
在图1中示出用于按照现有技术的用于商用车的盘式制动器,包括搭接制动盘3的制动钳2,所述制动钳以能相对于制动盘3轴向移动的方式衔接在该商用车的制动支架1上。
为此,制动钳2保持在滑动支承件上,所述滑动支承件中的一个构造为固定支承件4并且另一个构造为浮动支承件5。
在图2中作为按照现有技术的盘式制动器的细节示出的浮动支承件5具有导向杆6,所述导向杆借助在中央贯穿的头螺钉7与制动支架1连接。
制动钳2借助不可移动地保持在该制动钳中的导向衬套以能移动的方式支承在导向杆6上,其中,导向衬套具有弹性内套筒9和包围该弹性内套筒的金属外套筒8,所述金属外套筒压到制动钳2的钳孔中并且在外侧以环绕的凸缘支撑在制动钳2上。
内套筒9由塑料、优选由弹性体制成,并且注塑到外套筒8上。该内套筒在内侧上支承在导向杆6上。
在导向杆6的背离制动支架1的端部区域上设置膜片折叠部10,所述膜片折叠部将导向杆6相对于环境密封并且一方面在导向杆6上并且另一方面在导向衬套上保持,为此,膜片折叠部与内套筒9一件式地构成,即,所述膜片折叠部由同一材料制成。
为了将膜片折叠部10固定在导向杆6上,膜片折叠部10以其自由端部借助盖12夹紧,所述盖覆盖头螺钉7的头部并且在端侧压入到导向杆6中。
图2a和2b示出制动钳2相对于制动支架1的不同位置,其中,图2a描述在未示出的制动衬面未磨损情况下的位置,并且图2b描述在制动衬面磨损情况下的制动钳2的位置。在此,制动钳2在膜片折叠部10伸展的情况下进一步朝制动支架1移动。
如可看出的那样,膜片折叠部10在其配属给盖12的自由端部上具有环绕的凸起11,所述凸起支撑在导向杆6的环形端侧上,而另一方面盖12的径向向外伸出的凸缘14贴靠在该凸起11上。
在图3中,示出导向杆6的头部区域连同压入的盖12,其中,按照本发明,膜片折叠部10的凸起11嵌入在导向杆6的环绕槽13中。
盖12压入构造为空心柱体的导向杆6中并且摩擦锁合地保持在其中,同时凸起11压入到槽13中,使得实现凸起11不仅密封贴靠在槽13的壁上而且也密封贴靠在盖12的周面上。
在此,在外侧上贴靠在导向杆6上的膜片折叠部10围绕导向杆6的环形端侧倒扣,其中,导向杆6在内部贴靠膜片折叠部的覆盖区域中的内部直径大于导向杆的跟随槽13、盖12摩擦锁合地贴靠在其上的内部直径。
盖12的另一种固定类型在图4中以另外的实施变型方案示出。
该盖12构造为空心塞,其包括向外封闭的底部,所述底部过渡到凸缘14中。膜片折叠部10的固定相应于对于图3的描述。即,凸起11挤压地处于内部的槽13中。
为了将盖12保持在导向杆6上,在与封闭的底部相对置的端部上设置卡钩15,所述卡钩在径向上弹性地构成包括鱼叉状的端部,所述端部反钩该导向杆的侧凹部16。在此,侧凹部16也可构造为槽,其相应于槽13。
在图5中,可看出本发明的另一个实施例,其中,槽13在外侧引入到导向杆6中。即,膜片折叠部10在该情况中不引导到导向杆6的空腔中。
为了导向杆6的密封封闭,盖12压到导向杆6的自由端部上,亦即摩擦锁合与其连接。在径向上向外设置的并且倾斜定向的护板17在压紧力下贴靠在膜片折叠部的凸起11上,从而也由此可靠地保护在内套筒9和导向杆6之间的滑动面。
附图标记列表
1 制动支架
2 制动钳
3 制动盘
4 固定支承件
5 浮动支承件
6 导向杆
7 头螺钉
8 外套筒
9 内套筒
10 膜片折叠部
11 凸起
12 盖
13 槽
14 凸缘
15 卡钩
16 侧凹部
17 护板
Claims (11)
1.用于商用车的盘式制动器,其包括搭接制动盘(3)的制动钳(2),所述制动钳借助两个导向杆(6)以能相对于所述制动盘(3)轴向移动的方式支承在位置固定的制动支架(1)上,所述两个导向杆分别作为一个滑动支承件的组成部分,其中,一个滑动支承件构造为固定支承件(4)并且另一个滑动支承件构造为浮动支承件(5),在至少所述浮动支承件(5)的导向杆(6)上在该导向杆的背离所述制动支架(1)的端部区域上设置有环绕地包套该导向杆(6)的膜片折叠部(10),其中,该导向杆(6)的该端部区域借助盖(12)封闭,其特征在于,所述膜片折叠部(10)借助其朝向所述盖(12)的端部形锁合地保持在该导向杆(6)上。
2.按照权利要求1所述的盘式制动器,其特征在于,所述膜片折叠部(10)的端侧的凸起(11)嵌入在该导向杆(6)的环绕的槽(13)中,并且所述凸起通过摩擦锁合和/或形锁合地保持在该导向杆(6)上的盖(12)的壁在挤压力下被压到所述槽(13)中。
3.按照权利要求1或2所述的盘式制动器,其特征在于,所述槽(13)引入到该导向杆(6)的内周面中。
4.按照上述权利要求之一所述的盘式制动器,其特征在于,所述槽(13)引入到该导向杆(6)的外周面中。
5.按照上述权利要求之一所述的盘式制动器,其特征在于,所述盖(12)在其自由端部区域中以径向地且倾斜地向外设置的护板(17)的方式构造,所述护板以其内面贴靠在嵌入在该导向杆(6)的外侧的槽(13)中的凸起(11)上。
6.按照上述权利要求之一所述的盘式制动器,其特征在于,在外侧定位在该导向杆(6)上的膜片折叠部(10)通过倒扣被引导到该导向杆(6)的内部空间中直到所述槽(13),所述凸起(11)嵌入在所述槽中。
7.按照上述权利要求之一所述的盘式制动器,其特征在于,在倒扣的膜片折叠部(10)的覆盖区域中的内部直径大于衔接到所述槽(13)上的、所述盖(12)以其外周面摩擦锁合地贴靠在其上的内部直径。
8.按照上述权利要求之一所述的盘式制动器,其特征在于,所述盖(12)具有径向向外伸出的凸缘(14),所述凸缘支撑在倒扣的膜片折叠部(10)的转向区域中。
9.按照上述权利要求之一所述的盘式制动器,其特征在于,所述盖(12)罐状地构造有沿背离所述制动支架(1)的方向的开放侧。
10.按照上述权利要求之一所述的盘式制动器,其特征在于,所述盖(12)构造为一侧开放的塞,优选由塑料制成,所述盖在其与封闭侧相对置的端部区域上具有多个在周向上分布的卡钩(15),所述卡钩鱼叉状地向外置出并且反钩该导向杆(6)的侧凹部(16)。
11.按照上述权利要求之一所述的盘式制动器,其特征在于,所述侧凹部(16)通过在内部环绕的槽形成。
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DE102016123215.7 | 2016-12-01 | ||
DE102016123215.7A DE102016123215A1 (de) | 2016-12-01 | 2016-12-01 | Scheibenbremse für ein Nutzfahrzeug |
PCT/EP2017/080616 WO2018099893A1 (de) | 2016-12-01 | 2017-11-28 | Scheibenbremse für ein nutzfahrzeug |
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CN110036219A true CN110036219A (zh) | 2019-07-19 |
CN110036219B CN110036219B (zh) | 2020-12-01 |
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CN201780074391.3A Expired - Fee Related CN110036219B (zh) | 2016-12-01 | 2017-11-28 | 用于商用车的盘式制动器 |
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EP (1) | EP3548763A1 (zh) |
CN (1) | CN110036219B (zh) |
DE (1) | DE102016123215A1 (zh) |
WO (1) | WO2018099893A1 (zh) |
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DE102012006133A1 (de) | 2012-03-26 | 2013-09-26 | Knorr-Bremse Systeme für Nutzfahrzeuge GmbH | Scheibenbremse, insbesondere für ein Nutzfahrzeug |
GB2550379B (en) * | 2016-05-18 | 2020-03-11 | Mei Brakes Ltd | Sealing arrangement for a sliding caliper |
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- 2016-12-01 DE DE102016123215.7A patent/DE102016123215A1/de not_active Ceased
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2017
- 2017-11-28 EP EP17804559.7A patent/EP3548763A1/de not_active Withdrawn
- 2017-11-28 WO PCT/EP2017/080616 patent/WO2018099893A1/de unknown
- 2017-11-28 CN CN201780074391.3A patent/CN110036219B/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
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US4685686A (en) * | 1984-05-19 | 1987-08-11 | Alfred Teves Gmbh | Sealing cap for a bolt guide of a spot-type disc brake |
GB2196398A (en) * | 1986-10-01 | 1988-04-27 | Teves Gmbh Alfred | Floating-caliper spot-type disc brake |
DE19636942A1 (de) * | 1996-09-11 | 1998-03-12 | Perrot Bremsen Gmbh | Gleitsattelscheibenbremse |
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EP3548763A1 (de) | 2019-10-09 |
CN110036219B (zh) | 2020-12-01 |
WO2018099893A1 (de) | 2018-06-07 |
DE102016123215A1 (de) | 2018-06-07 |
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