CN110024782A - A kind of pesticide control of powdery mildew - Google Patents
A kind of pesticide control of powdery mildew Download PDFInfo
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- CN110024782A CN110024782A CN201910368338.5A CN201910368338A CN110024782A CN 110024782 A CN110024782 A CN 110024782A CN 201910368338 A CN201910368338 A CN 201910368338A CN 110024782 A CN110024782 A CN 110024782A
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- powdery mildew
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- pesticide control
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N25/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators, characterised by their forms, or by their non-active ingredients or by their methods of application, e.g. seed treatment or sequential application; Substances for reducing the noxious effect of the active ingredients to organisms other than pests
- A01N25/30—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators, characterised by their forms, or by their non-active ingredients or by their methods of application, e.g. seed treatment or sequential application; Substances for reducing the noxious effect of the active ingredients to organisms other than pests characterised by the surfactants
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N59/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing elements or inorganic compounds
- A01N59/26—Phosphorus; Compounds thereof
Abstract
The invention belongs to plant disease technical fields, are related to a kind of pesticide control of powdery mildew.A kind of pesticide control of powdery mildew provided by the invention includes the effective component of following weight parts: 1-5 parts of tripotassium phosphate, 1-2 parts of fatty acid, and fatty acid is any one of oleic acid, linoleic acid, stearic acid, linolenic acid, arachidic acid；This pesticide control is solution or aqua, for preventing and treating tobacco, wheat plant, the powdery mildew on grape fruit.The present invention makes prepared medicament have both the effect of prevention and treatment to powdery mildew, before the onset and after the onset using remarkable result is all had, medication optimum period is long, and dosage is few, at low cost by carrying out rational proportion to selected effective component；The active ingredient raw materials of the pesticide control are easy to get, safety non-pollution, effectively prevent resistance problems and Pesticide Residue.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to plant disease technical fields, and in particular to a kind of pesticide control of powdery mildew.
Background technique
Powdery mildew is a kind of very universal plant disease, is common in the plants such as all kinds of melon and fruit trees and flowers, in recent years
Come, powdery mildew continues occurrence injury in each planting area in China, becomes one of Major Diseases of various plants, seriously affects plant
The growth of object.Powdery mildew is a kind of fungal disease as caused by powdery mildew, and powdery mildew is Ascomycota Erysiphales fungi, main
It is distributed in north temperate zone, is that the gas in angiosperm on dicotyledon and monocotyledonous grasses passes living body parasitical fungi.
Powdery mildew main harm plant leaf blade can endanger the positions such as stalk and petiole (sheath), key of many plants in growth when serious
Period, gently then blade graying, heavy then shrinkage blackening, bud coke were de- by the infringement of powdery mildew.Spreading unchecked for powdery mildew causes pole
Huge economic loss, and lack the main reason for effectively preventing medicament is powdery mildew extensive diffusive.With vegetables and crops temperature
Room cultivation is rapid for the Agriculture in City Countryside of mark, and closed greenhouse is the high-incidence environment of powdery mildew.
At present there are mainly three types of the control methods of powdery mildew: carrying out chemistry with the triazole bactericidal agent that triazolone etc. is representative
Prevention and treatment；The medicament made of the Biocontrol microorganisms such as bacillus subtilis carries out biological control；Breeding and utilize disease-resistant variety, reinforce
Field management.Chemical pesticide control method is at low cost, quick, still falls within a kind of most widely used control method at present.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the invention to solve the above-mentioned problems in the prior art, a kind of prevention and treatment medicine of powdery mildew is proposed
Agent, pesticide control formula is simple, control efficiency is significant, safety is easily promoted.
The technical scheme is that
A kind of pesticide control of powdery mildew, the effective component including following weight parts: 1-5 parts of tripotassium phosphate, fatty acid 1-2
Part.Wherein, tripotassium phosphate is used for bactericidal bacteriostasis, and fatty acid is as surfactant application.
Further, including the effective component of following weight parts: 2 parts of tripotassium phosphate, 1.5 parts of fatty acid.
Further, the fatty acid is any one of oleic acid, linoleic acid, stearic acid, linolenic acid, arachidic acid.
Further, the pesticide control is solution or aqua.
Further, a kind of described in any item pesticide controls of powdery mildew of claim 1-4 are planted in prevention and treatment tobacco, wheat
The application of powdery mildew in strain, grape fruit.
In above-mentioned controlling powdery mildew medicament, the parts by weight can be unit of weight well known to μ g, mg, g, kg etc., can also
To be known unit of weight multiple, such as 10 times, 100 times, 1/10th, 1 percent.
Above-mentioned controlling powdery mildew medicament the preparation method comprises the following steps: weigh each effective component according to the proportion, be mixed with water, match
The solution for later use that mass percent is 10% is made.
It can also be configured to 50 times or more of concentrate of the solution mixed in proportion, when use, dilutes,
Workload when using is reduced, is provided conveniently for user, is conducive to the Commercialization application of the pesticide control.
The pesticide control of powdery mildew provided by the invention is sprayed on plant generally by the way of spraying, by liquid medicine atomization
Object diseased plant.
Beneficial effects of the present invention:
The pesticide control of a kind of powdery mildew according to the present invention, by rationally being matched to selected effective component
Than making prepared medicament have both the effect of prevention and treatment to powdery mildew, before the onset and after the onset using all having significant effect
Fruit, medication optimum period, is long, and dosage is few, at low cost；The active ingredient raw materials of the pesticide control are easy to get, and safety non-pollution is effectively kept away
Resistance problems and Pesticide Residue are exempted from.
Specific embodiment
Further description of the technical solution of the present invention combined with specific embodiments below.Obviously, described implementation
Example is only a part of the embodiment of the present invention, instead of all the embodiments.Based on the embodiment of the present invention, the common skill in this field
Without making creative work, other embodiments obtained shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention art personnel.
Embodiment 1: the preparation (parts by weight) of pesticide control
2 parts of tripotassium phosphate are weighed, 1.5 parts of oleic acid, suitable quantity of water is added to be uniformly mixed the pesticide control to get powdery mildew.
Embodiment 2: the preparation (parts by weight) of pesticide control
1 part of tripotassium phosphate is weighed, 1 part of oleic acid, suitable quantity of water is added to be uniformly mixed the pesticide control to get powdery mildew.
Embodiment 3: the preparation (parts by weight) of pesticide control
5 parts of tripotassium phosphate are weighed, 2 parts of oleic acid, suitable quantity of water is added to be uniformly mixed the pesticide control to get powdery mildew.
Embodiment 4: the preparation (parts by weight) of pesticide control
3 parts of tripotassium phosphate are weighed, 1.5 parts of oleic acid, suitable quantity of water is added to be uniformly mixed the pesticide control to get powdery mildew.
Embodiment 5: the preparation (parts by weight) of pesticide control
4 parts of tripotassium phosphate are weighed, 1.5 parts of linoleic acid, suitable quantity of water is added to be uniformly mixed the pesticide control to get powdery mildew.
Embodiment 6: the preparation (parts by weight) of pesticide control
4 parts of tripotassium phosphate are weighed, 2 parts of stearic acid, suitable quantity of water is added to be uniformly mixed the pesticide control to get powdery mildew.
Embodiment 7: the preparation (parts by weight) of pesticide control
3 parts of tripotassium phosphate are weighed, 2 parts of linolenic acid, suitable quantity of water is added to be uniformly mixed the pesticide control to get powdery mildew.
Embodiment 8: the preparation (parts by weight) of pesticide control
5 parts of tripotassium phosphate are weighed, 2 parts of arachidic acid, suitable quantity of water is added to be uniformly mixed the pesticide control to get powdery mildew.
Test example 1: the inhibitory effect that the pesticide control of different ratio grows Powdery Mildew in Tobacco scab
By taking tobacco as an example, the different ratio of pesticide control of the invention is verified in terms of powdery mildew inhibiting rate, is tried
Testing different ratio employed in example is respectively to match 1 (1 part of tripotassium phosphate, 1 part of oleic acid), 2 (2 parts of tripotassium phosphates, oleic acid of proportion
1.5 parts), proportion 3 (5 parts of tripotassium phosphate, 2 parts of oleic acid).It is caught an illness area by observing blade, measure and calculates different ratio prevention and treatment
The bacteriostatic activity of medicament.Test procedure is as follows:
Step 1: the pesticide control of different ratio is weighed and prepared respectively: 3 three groups of proportion 1, proportion 2, proportion pesticide controls,
Using sterile water as blank control；
Step 2: the Powdery Mildew in Tobacco diseased plant of reservation is transferred to test greenhouse, is uniformly controlled, be respectively set processing group and
Control group, in the culture of 25 DEG C of greenhouse, with medicament and the distilled water control of step 1, atomization sprays Powdery Mildew in Tobacco diseased plant respectively, with
Sterilization-instance effect, statistical observation powdery mildew lesion diameter are observed after 5min.Then, continue culture 1 month with test greenhouse, see
Examine powdery mildew recurrence, statistical observation powdery mildew lesion diameter.Then, actuarial lesion diameter average value, and according to following public affairs
Formula calculates average inhibition: scab average inhibition γ=(adjoining tree lesion diameter × scab number-formula plant lesion diameter
× scab number)/(adjoining tree lesion diameter × scab number) × 100%, it the results are shown in Table 1.
Table 1
| Inhibiting rate γ (%) | |
| Proportion 1 | 91.2 |
| Proportion 2 | 98.8 |
| Proportion 3 | 97.3 |
Table 1 reaches 90 or more percent to Powdery Mildew in Tobacco scab inhibiting rate the results show that respectively matching pesticide control,
Therapeutic effect is significant, wherein 2 (2 parts of tripotassium phosphate, 1.5 parts of oleic acid) of proportion are 98.8% to the inhibiting rate of scab, therapeutic effect
It is best.
Test example 2: preventive effect of the pesticide control of different ratio to Powdery Mildew in Tobacco
By taking tobacco as an example, the different ratio of pesticide control of the invention is verified in terms of protection effect, test example
Employed in different ratio be respectively match 1 (1 part of tripotassium phosphate, 1 part of oleic acid), proportion 2 (2 parts of tripotassium phosphates, oleic acid 1.5
Part), proportion 3 (5 parts of tripotassium phosphate, 2 parts of oleic acid).By observing leaf spot lesion area, measuring and calculating different ratio prevention and treatment medicine
Prevention effect of the agent to Powdery Mildew in Tobacco.Test procedure is as follows:
Step 1: the pesticide control of different ratio is weighed and prepared respectively: 3 three groups of proportion 1, proportion 2, proportion pesticide controls,
Using sterile water as blank control；
Step 2: by the consistent Nicotiana tabacum leaves sowing of bud gesture in flowerpot, when plant grows to 21 heart of leaf, by it around guarantor
The Powdery Mildew in Tobacco diseased plant stayed is put, and sprays three groups of medicaments in step 1 respectively, and set sterile water as a control group.Place people
Work is cultivated in greenhouse, and 25 DEG C of temperature, relative humidity 70%, 10 plants of tobacco seedlings of every processing are repeated 3 times, sufficiently send out to control group
Protection effect is investigated after being ill.
Powdery Mildew in Tobacco grade scale according to tobacco pest and disease damage be classified and investigation method (GB/T 23222-2008) in retouch
The standard stated is classified investigation as unit of blade.0 grade: blade disease-free spot；1 grade: lesion area accounts for the 5% of entire blade area
Below；3 grades: lesion area accounts for the 6%-10% of entire blade area；5 grades: lesion area accounts for the 11%- of entire blade area
20%；7 grades: lesion area accounts for the 21%-40% of entire blade area；9 grades: lesion area account for the 41% of entire blade area with
On.Scab calculates disease index and relative control effect according to following formula.Disease index=and Σ [diseased plant numbers at different levels × accordingly represent grade
Number]/(investigation number summation × morbidity most heavy duty typical value) × 100%；Preventive effect η=(control disease index-processing state of an illness refers to
Number)/control disease index × 100%；It the results are shown in Table 2.
Tobacco leaf medicament injury classification investigation method, 0 grade: blade injures spot without medicament；1 grade: medicament injures spot area
Account for 5% or less entire blade area；3 grades: medicament injury spot area accounts for the 6%-10% of entire blade area；It the results are shown in Table 2.
Table 2
| Preventive effect η (%) | Medicament injures rank | |
| Proportion 1 | 90.5 | 0 grade |
| Proportion 2 | 98.2 | 0 grade |
| Proportion 3 | 94.8 | 1 grade |
Table 2 reaches 90 or more percent to the preventive effect of Powdery Mildew in Tobacco the results show that respectively matching pesticide control,
Preventive effect is significant, wherein 2 (2 parts of tripotassium phosphate, 1.5 parts of oleic acid) of proportion are 98.8% to the preventive effect of powdery mildew, and preventive effect is most aobvious
It writes.
Test example 3: preventive effect of the pesticide control that different fatty acids are prepared to Powdery Mildew in Tobacco
The oleic acid of proportion 2 in test example 2 is replaced with into linoleic acid or stearic acid or arachidic acid, prepares prevention and treatment medicine respectively
Agent.By taking tobacco as an example, from being verified in terms of protection effect to the different pesticide controls in the present embodiment, employed in test example
Different formulations be respectively be formulated 1 (2 parts of tripotassium phosphate, 1.5 parts of linoleic acid), formula 2 (2 parts of tripotassium phosphates, stearic acid 1.5
Part), formula 3 (2 parts of tripotassium phosphate, 1.5 parts of arachidic acids).It is anti-by observing leaf spot lesion area, measuring and calculating different ratio
Medicament is controlled to the prevention effect of Powdery Mildew in Tobacco.
Test procedure is as follows: by the consistent Nicotiana tabacum leaves sowing of bud gesture in flowerpot, when plant grows to 21 heart of leaf, by it
Powdery Mildew in Tobacco diseased plant around reservation is put, and sprays the medicament of above-mentioned three kinds of formulas respectively, and sets sterile water as a control group.
It places and is cultivated in artificial greenhouse, 25 DEG C of temperature, relative humidity 70%, 10 plants of tobacco seedlings of single treatment are repeated 3 times, wait compare
Group sufficiently investigates protection effect after the onset.
Powdery Mildew in Tobacco grade scale according to tobacco pest and disease damage be classified and investigation method (GB/T 23222-2008) in retouch
The standard stated is classified investigation as unit of blade.0 grade: blade disease-free spot；1 grade: lesion area accounts for the 5% of entire blade area
Below；3 grades: lesion area accounts for the 6%-10% of entire blade area；5 grades: lesion area accounts for the 11%- of entire blade area
20%；7 grades: lesion area accounts for the 21%-40% of entire blade area；9 grades: lesion area account for the 41% of entire blade area with
On.Scab calculates disease index and relative control effect according to following formula.Disease index=and Σ [diseased plant numbers at different levels × accordingly represent grade
Number]/(investigation number summation × morbidity most heavy duty typical value) × 100%；Preventive effect η=(control disease index-processing state of an illness refers to
Number)/control disease index × 100%；It the results are shown in Table 3.
Table 3
| Preventive effect η (%) | |
| Linoleic acid | 98.4 |
| Stearic acid | 97.4 |
| Arachidic acid | 96.3 |
Table 3 reaches 90 or more percent to the preventive effect of Powdery Mildew in Tobacco the results show that being respectively formulated pesticide control, preventive effect
Significantly；Data show, the pesticide control phase prepared using the pesticide control that linoleic acid, stearic acid or arachidic acid are prepared with oleic acid
Than little to the control efficiency gap of Powdery Mildew in Tobacco.
Test example 4: bacteriostatic activity of the controlling powdery mildew medicament to different plants
By taking tobacco, wheat plant and grape fruit string as an example, the powdery mildew infection tobacco of hot-house culture, wheat plant and
On grape fruit string, above-mentioned medicament is sprayed respectively, and sets sterile water as a control group.It cultivates in the greenhouse, 25 DEG C of temperature, relatively
Humidity 70%.50 plants of tobacco single treatment, 100 plants of wheat single treatment, the string fruit of grape single treatment 10 is repeated 3 times respectively,
Protection effect is sufficiently investigated after the onset to control group.
Powdery Mildew in Tobacco grade scale according to tobacco pest and disease damage be classified and investigation method (GB/T 23222-2008) in retouch
The standard stated is investigated.0 grade: blade disease-free spot；1 grade: lesion area accounts for 5% or less entire blade area；3 grades: scab
Area accounts for the big 6%-10% of entire blade area；5 grades: lesion area accounts for the 11%-20% of entire blade area；7 grades: scab
Area accounts for the 21%-40% of entire blade area；9 grades: lesion area accounts for 41% or more of entire blade area.Scab according to
Lower formula calculates disease index and relative control effect.Disease index=Σ [diseased plant numbers at different levels × accordingly represent series]/(investigation number is total
With × morbidity most heavy duty typical value) × 100%；Preventive effect η=(control disease index-processing disease index)/control state of an illness refers to
Number × 100%；It the results are shown in Table 4.
Wheat powdery mildew grade scale and investigation method, 0 grade: without band scab plant；1 grade: accounting for sum with scab plant
5% or less；3 grades: the 6%-10% of sum is accounted for scab plant；5 grades: the 11%-20% of sum is accounted for scab plant；7 grades: band
Scab plant accounts for the 21%-40% of sum.Disease index and relative control effect are calculated according to following formula.Disease index=Σ is [each
Grade diseased plant number × accordingly represent series]/(investigation number summation × morbidity most heavy duty typical value) × 100%；Preventive effect η=(control
Disease index-processing disease index)/control disease index × 100%；It the results are shown in Table 4.
Uncinula necator grade scale and investigation method, 0 grade: disease-free spot fruit string；1 grade: band scab fruit string accounts for sum
5% or less；3 grades: the 6%-10% of sum is accounted for scab fruit string；5 grades: the 11%-20% of sum is accounted for scab fruit string；
7 grades: the 21%-40% of sum is accounted for scab fruit string.Disease index and relative control effect are calculated according to following formula.Disease index
=Σ [diseased plant numbers at different levels × accordingly represent series]/(investigation number summation × morbidity most heavy duty typical value) × 100%；Preventive effect η
=(control disease index-processing disease index)/control disease index × 100%, the results are shown in Table 4.
Table 4
| Preventive effect η (%) | |
| Tobacco | 98.3 |
| Wheat plant | 97.6 |
| Grape fruit string | 98.2 |
By table 4 the results show that pesticide control of the invention is to the controlling powdery mildew of tobacco, wheat plant, grape fruit string
Significant effect illustrates that the pesticide control may be used on tobacco, wheat, on grape fruit in the prevention and treatment of powdery mildew.
Above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not limitation of the present invention, all in the contents of the present invention
Any modification, equivalent replacement, the remodeling etc. made in range, should be included within scope of patent protection of the invention.
Claims (5)
1. a kind of pesticide control of powdery mildew, which is characterized in that the effective component including following weight parts: 1-5 parts of tripotassium phosphate,
1-2 parts of fatty acid.
2. a kind of pesticide control of powdery mildew according to claim 1, which is characterized in that including the effective of following weight parts
Ingredient: 2 parts of tripotassium phosphate, 1.5 parts of fatty acid.
3. a kind of pesticide control of powdery mildew according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the fatty acid is oleic acid, Asia
Any one of oleic acid, stearic acid, linolenic acid, arachidic acid.
4. a kind of pesticide control of powdery mildew according to claim 1-3, which is characterized in that the pesticide control
For solution or aqua.
5. a kind of described in any item pesticide controls of powdery mildew of claim 1-4 are in prevention and treatment tobacco, wheat plant, grape fruit
The application of upper powdery mildew.
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Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1069391A (en) * | 1991-05-01 | 1993-03-03 | 麦考根公司 | Control the aliphatic acid composition of existing plant disease |
| WO1999015017A1 (en) * | 1997-09-19 | 1999-04-01 | Foliar Nutrients, Inc. | Fungicidal compositions for plants containing phosphonate and phosphate salts, and derivatives thereof |
| CN107306946A (en) * | 2017-05-10 | 2017-11-03 | 中国农业大学 | A kind of egg oil agricultural chemicals and its preparation method and application |
-
2019
- 2019-05-05 CN CN201910368338.5A patent/CN110024782A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1069391A (en) * | 1991-05-01 | 1993-03-03 | 麦考根公司 | Control the aliphatic acid composition of existing plant disease |
| WO1999015017A1 (en) * | 1997-09-19 | 1999-04-01 | Foliar Nutrients, Inc. | Fungicidal compositions for plants containing phosphonate and phosphate salts, and derivatives thereof |
| CN107306946A (en) * | 2017-05-10 | 2017-11-03 | 中国农业大学 | A kind of egg oil agricultural chemicals and its preparation method and application |
Non-Patent Citations (4)
| Title |
|---|
| ANNE F MITCHELL等: "Potassium phosphate induces systemic protection in barley to powdery mildew infection", 《PEST MANAGEMENT SCIENCE》 * |
| MOSA, A. A.: "Effect of foliar application of phosphates on cucumber powdery mildew", 《ANNALS OF AGRICULTURAL SCIENCE (CAIRO)》 * |
| 朱焕焕等: "叶面喷施四种诱导剂预防西葫芦白粉病效果 ", 《北方园艺》 * |
| 李国钧等: "植物诱导免疫及其应用研究进展", 《浙江农业学报》 * |
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