CN110018165A - The monitoring method of evolutionary process is bred in tunnel batch-type rock burst - Google Patents
The monitoring method of evolutionary process is bred in tunnel batch-type rock burst Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The present invention relates to the monitoring methods that evolutionary process is bred in a kind of tunnel batch-type rock burst.Tunnel batch-type rock burst breeds the monitoring method of evolutionary process comprising steps of laying multiple microseismic sensors in first time rock burst generation area；According to the monitoring result of multiple microseismic sensors, rock masses fracturing concentrated area is obtained；The first borehole camera probe is laid in the rock masses fracturing concentrated area, to be monitored to rock masses fracturing.The monitoring method of evolutionary process is bred in above-mentioned tunnel batch-type rock burst, lays microseismic sensors in first time rock burst generation area, and obtain rock masses fracturing concentrated area according to the monitoring result of microseismic sensors.Then the first borehole camera probe for being monitored to rock masses fracturing is laid in rock masses fracturing concentrated area, so that the first borehole camera probe tip locally directly monitors batch-type rock burst, it is with strong points.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to rock mass to monitor field, and the monitoring of evolutionary process is bred more particularly to a kind of tunnel batch-type rock burst
Method.
Background technique
During rock burst is high stress underground engineering construction, the Large strain gathered in rock mass is strong caused by capable of discharging suddenly
Strong surrounding rock failure has sudden, violence and randomness, causes great harm to construction personnel and mechanical equipment.Between
The type rock burst of having a rest be the same position of underground engineering or its close on position interval and occur multiple rock burst, the rock burst frequency is high, continues
Time is long, harm is bigger, has brought serious casualties, economic loss and construction delay.For early warning batch-type rock
It is quick-fried, ensure construction safety, it is necessary to carry out to its preparation process and monitor.
However, traditional rock-burst monitoring method biases toward comprehensive monitoring, and local location monitoring capability is poor, therefore
It is not able to satisfy the monitoring for the batch-type rock burst that locally generation, preparation process are increasingly complex.
Summary of the invention
Based on this, it is necessary to for transmission rock-burst monitoring method be not able to satisfy locally occur, preparation process it is increasingly complex
Batch-type rock burst monitoring the problem of, the monitoring method that evolutionary process is bred in a kind of tunnel batch-type rock burst is provided.
The monitoring method of evolutionary process is bred in a kind of tunnel batch-type rock burst, comprising steps of
Multiple microseismic sensors are laid in first time rock burst generation area；
According to the monitoring result of multiple microseismic sensors, the concentrated area of rock masses fracturing is obtained；
The first borehole camera probe is laid in the concentrated area of the rock masses fracturing, to be monitored to rock masses fracturing.
The monitoring method of evolutionary process is bred in above-mentioned tunnel batch-type rock burst, lays microseism in first time rock burst generation area
Sensor, and rock masses fracturing concentrated area is obtained according to the monitoring result of microseismic sensors.Then in rock masses fracturing concentrated area
The first borehole camera probe for being monitored to rock masses fracturing is laid, so that the first borehole camera probe tip is to batch-type rock
Quick-fried part is directly monitored, with strong points.
In one embodiment, include: the step of multiple microseismic sensors are laid in rock burst generation area
Multiple microseismic sensors are laid based on D value optimization design criterion, so as to constructed by focus covariance matrix
The solution of objective function is less than preset value.In this way, the microseismic sensors laying to batch-type rock burst generation area is optimized, have
Conducive to the precision and ability of the monitoring and identification for improving local location rock masses fracturing.
In one embodiment, multiple microseismic sensors are divided into four groups, and microseismic sensors described in each group include
Two；
It is wherein laid in the side that country rock has quick-fried hole for first group and second group, and is arranged at intervals at along tunnel axis direction
It is described it is quick-fried cheat far from face side, and described first group than described second group closer to the quick-fried hole；Wherein third group and
4th group is laid in the opposite other side that the country rock has the quick-fried hole, and is intervally arranged along the tunnel axis direction.
In this way, being conducive to improve the rock masses fracturing monitoring essence to batch-type rock burst region using the arrangement mode of above-mentioned microseismic sensors
Degree and monitoring capability.
In one embodiment, two microseismic sensors in microseismic sensors described in each group are located at described
The haunch of country rock and spandrel position.In this way, can further improve monitoring accuracy and monitoring capability.
In one embodiment, two microseismic sensors in microseismic sensors described in each group are in the tunnel
Misplace arrangement on axis direction.It is located on same section in this way, avoiding two microseismic sensors and influences the positioning to focus.
In one embodiment, described first group and it is described it is quick-fried hole and it is second group described between spacing be 25m to 35m.
In this way, being conducive to the monitoring accuracy for improving microseismic sensors and the monitoring capability for giving full play to microseismic sensors.
In one embodiment, the third group corresponds to the quick-fried hole setting；Described 4th group remote positioned at the third group
Side from the face, and be 25m to 35m with the spacing of the third group.In this way, being conducive to improve microseismic sensors
Monitoring accuracy and the monitoring capability for giving full play to microseismic sensors.
In one embodiment, the monitoring method further comprises the steps of:
The second borehole camera probe is laid in quick-fried hole and around the quick-fried hole.In this way, more adapting to batch-type rock burst
The feature of preparation process complexity breeds evolutionary process to batch-type rock burst and carries out finer monitoring, with strong points.
In one embodiment, two the second borehole camera probes are laid in the quick-fried hole；Cloth around the quick-fried hole
If four the second borehole camera probes.
In one embodiment, the rock masses fracturing concentrated position lays two the first borehole camera probes.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 breeds the process of the monitoring method of evolutionary process for the tunnel batch-type rock burst in an embodiment of the present invention
Figure；
Fig. 2 is the specific stream of the step S100 for the monitoring method that evolutionary process is bred in batch-type rock burst in tunnel shown in FIG. 1
Cheng Tu；
Fig. 3 is the laying that microseismic sensors in the monitoring method of evolutionary process are bred in batch-type rock burst in tunnel shown in FIG. 1
The schematic diagram of position；
Fig. 4 is the schematic diagram of the quick-fried hole A installation position that nearby borehole camera is popped one's head in shown in Fig. 3.
Specific embodiment
To facilitate the understanding of the present invention, a more comprehensive description of the invention is given in the following sections with reference to the relevant attached drawings.In attached drawing
Give preferred embodiment of the invention.But the invention can be realized in many different forms, however it is not limited to herein
Described embodiment.On the contrary, purpose of providing these embodiments is keeps the understanding to the disclosure more saturating
It is thorough comprehensive.
It should be noted that it can directly on the other element when element is referred to as " being fixed on " another element
Or there may also be elements placed in the middle.When an element is considered as " connection " another element, it, which can be, is directly connected to
To another element or it may be simultaneously present centering elements.Term as used herein " vertical ", " horizontal ", " left side ",
" right side " and similar statement are for illustrative purposes only.
Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein and belong to technical field of the invention
The normally understood meaning of technical staff is identical.Term as used herein in the specification of the present invention is intended merely to description tool
The purpose of the embodiment of body, it is not intended that in the limitation present invention.Term " and or " used herein includes one or more phases
Any and all combinations of the listed item of pass.
Before the monitoring method for breeding evolutionary process to tunnel batch-type rock burst is described in detail, first to sandhog
Journey is briefly described.Generally, as shown in figure 3, tunnel section includes vault 200, spandrel 300 and haunch 100, vault 200
For tunnel top position, haunch 100 is the vertical side walls position of tunnel two sides, and spandrel 300 is the company of vault 200 and haunch 100
Termination process position.Face 400 refers to the working face constantly pushed ahead in tunnelling works.Country rock refers in tunnel
In engineering, the surrounding rock body of stress state change occurs due to being influenced by excavation.During rock burst refers to tunnel excavation, due to
Surrouding rock stress discharges suddenly, the dynamic phenomenon that sillar is ruptured and ejected.Batch-type rock burst is in the same of Tunnel Engineering
Position or its close on position interval and occur multiple rock burst, the rock burst frequency is high, the duration is long, harm is bigger.In order to prevent tunnel
The problem of clearance type rock burst hazard in road engineering, most critical is to go deep into understanding batch-type rock burst to breed evolution mechanism, to be
Batch-type rock-burst prevention design optimization and arrangement and method for construction provide scientific basis.Therefore, it is necessary to provide it is a kind of for locally occur,
The monitoring method of the increasingly complex batch-type rock burst of preparation process.
Fig. 1 shows the stream that the monitoring method of evolutionary process is bred in the tunnel batch-type rock burst in an embodiment of the present invention
Cheng Tu.The step S100 for breeding the monitoring method of evolutionary process Fig. 2 shows batch-type rock burst in tunnel shown in FIG. 1 specifically flows
Cheng Tu.Fig. 3 shows the distribution that microseismic sensors in the monitoring method of evolutionary process are bred in batch-type rock burst in tunnel shown in FIG. 1
The schematic diagram of position.Fig. 4 is the schematic diagram of the quick-fried hole A distributing position that nearby borehole camera is popped one's head in shown in Fig. 3.
As shown in Fig. 1, Fig. 3 and Fig. 4, a kind of tunnel batch-type rock burst provided in one embodiment of the invention, which is bred, developed
The monitoring method of journey, comprising steps of
S100: multiple microseismic sensors 10 are laid in first time rock burst generation area, for first time rock burst generating region
The microseism in domain is monitored；
S200: according to the monitoring result of above-mentioned multiple microseismic sensors 10 (see Fig. 3), the concentration zones of rock masses fracturing are obtained
Domain；
S300: the first borehole camera probe 20a (see Fig. 4) is laid in the concentrated area of rock masses fracturing, to rock masses fracturing
It is monitored.Specifically, two the first borehole cameras probe 20a are laid in rock masses fracturing concentrated area, to improve to rock mass
The monitoring accuracy of rupture.
The monitoring method of evolutionary process is bred in above-mentioned tunnel batch-type rock burst, lays microseism in first time rock burst generation area
Sensor 10, and rock masses fracturing concentrated area is obtained according to the monitoring result of microseismic sensors 10.Then it is concentrated in rock masses fracturing
Lay the first borehole camera probe 20a for being monitored to rock masses fracturing, the 20a needle so that the first borehole camera is popped one's head in region
Batch-type rock burst is locally directly monitored, it is with strong points.
It should be noted that in the rock masses fracturing concentrated area cloth obtained according to the monitoring result of multiple microseismic sensors 10
The 20a if the first borehole camera is popped one's head in, therefore the first borehole camera probe 20 can be passed throughaMonitoring result passed to verify multiple microseisms
The correctness of the monitoring result of sensor 10 is conducive to the precision and ability that improve the monitoring to batch-type rock burst preparation process.
It should also be noted that, also showing in one embodiment in Fig. 3 and Fig. 4, pass through multiple microseismic sensors
The position of rock masses fracturing event B generation can be obtained in monitoring result, therefore the more intensive region rock masses fracturing event B is rock mass
Rupture the region concentrated.
Optionally, above-mentioned microseismic sensors can be unidirectional microseismic sensors.
In one embodiment, step S100 is specifically included:
Multiple microseismic sensors are laid based on D value optimization design criterion, so that the target constructed by focus covariance matrix
The solution of function is less than preset value, to improve the monitoring of breeding evolutionary process and identification of the microseismic sensors to batch-type rock burst
Precision and ability.
It is understood that can to comprehensively consider according to the actual situation the factors such as Tunnel-Specification, geological conditions true for the preset value
It is fixed.
In another embodiment, step S100 is specifically included:
S101: cover of design lays the layout scheme of above-mentioned multiple microseismic sensors 10 in first time rock burst generation area more；
More specifically, consider position, engineering geological condition and tunnel space structure feature that batch-type rock burst occurs
Deng, using mixed congruence method and method of expertise, the laying sides of the multiple microseismic sensors 10 of more set (such as the 100 sets) layings of design
Case.
S103: it is based on D value optimization design criterion (D-opTimality), and using focus covariance matrix target letter is constructed
Number, calculates separately the solution of the objective function of above-mentioned each layout scheme, and according to the smallest layout scheme cloth of the solution of objective function
If microseismic sensors 10.That is, based on D value optimal design criterion respectively to each layout scheme by focus covariance square
The objective function of battle array building is solved, and using the smallest layout scheme of the solution of objective function as optimal case, and most according to this
Excellent project of network microseismic sensors.In this way, the laying of microseismic sensors 10 to batch-type rock burst generation area is optimized, have
Conducive to the precision and ability of the monitoring and identification for improving local location rock masses fracturing.
Fig. 3 is referred to, specific in one embodiment, above-mentioned multiple microseismic sensors 10 include eight, and eight microseisms pass
It is four groups that sensor 10, which divides, and each group of microseismic sensors 10 include two.
Wherein, first group of microseismic sensors 10a and second group of microseismic sensors 10b, which is laid in country rock, has quick-fried hole A's
Side, and quick-fried hole side of the A far from face 400, and first group of microseismic sensors 10a are arranged at intervals at along tunnel axis direction
Than second group microseismic sensors 10b is closer to quick-fried hole A.Wherein, third group microseismic sensors 10c and the 4th group of microseismic sensors
10d is laid in the opposite other side that country rock has quick-fried hole A, and is intervally arranged along tunnel axis direction.In this way, using above-mentioned micro-
The arrangement mode for shaking sensor 10, is conducive to improve the rock masses fracturing monitoring accuracy and monitoring capability to batch-type rock burst region.
In an embodiment as illustrated in figure 3, quick-fried hole A is located at the country rock of tunnel north side, therefore, first group of microseismic sensors
10a and second group of microseismic sensors 10b is laid in the country rock of tunnel north side, third group microseismic sensors 10c and the 4th group it is micro-
Shake sensor 10d is laid in the country rock in tunnel southern side.
Specific in embodiment, two microseismic sensors 10 in each group of microseismic sensors are located at the haunch of country rock
100 and 300 position of spandrel, to can further improve monitoring accuracy and monitoring capability.
Specific in embodiment, two microseismic sensors 10 in each group of microseismic sensors are on the axis direction in tunnel
Dislocation arrangement, so as to avoid two microseismic sensors 10 are located on same section and influence the positioning to focus.
Specific in embodiment, between first group of microseismic sensors 10a and A and second group of quick-fried hole microseismic sensors 10b
Spacing is 25m to 35m.Preferably, between first group of microseismic sensors 10a and A and second group of quick-fried hole microseismic sensors 10b
Away from for 30m.In this way, being conducive to the monitoring accuracy for improving microseismic sensors 10 and the monitoring energy for giving full play to microseismic sensors 10
Power.
Specific in embodiment, third group microseismic sensors 10c corresponds to quick-fried hole A setting.4th group microseismic sensors 10d
In side of the third group microseismic sensors 10c far from face 400, and the spacing between third group microseismic sensors 10c is
25m is between 35m.Preferably, the spacing between the 4th group of microseismic sensors 10d and third group microseismic sensors 10c is 30m.
In this way, being conducive to the monitoring accuracy for improving microseismic sensors 10 and the monitoring capability for giving full play to microseismic sensors 10.
Specific in embodiment, microseismic sensors 10 are installed on rock mass by the way of drilling embedment.It is bored first in country rock
Microseismic sensors 10 are placed in hole by hole, and the then slip casting into hole makes microseismic sensors 10 and rock mass fixed coupling.It needs to refer to
Out, the length of embedment of microseismic sensors 10 needs to be more than country rock relaxation depth, is conducive to microseismic sensors 10 and receives vibration
Signal.Further, drilling depth should be greater than the depth that microseismic sensors 10 need to be embedded to, that is, microseismic sensors 10 is avoided to set
It is placed in the bottom in hole, prevents the scaling-off installation space for being deposited in bottom and blocking microseismic sensors 10 in hole.
General hard rock tunnel country rock relaxation depth is 1.5m or so.In one embodiment, for installing microseismic sensors
The depth in 10 hole can be 3m, and the depth that microseismic sensors 10 are embedded to can be 2.7m to 2.9m.
In the embodiment of the present invention, the monitoring method that evolutionary process is bred in tunnel batch-type rock burst is further comprised the steps of:
S400: the second borehole camera probe 20b is laid in quick-fried hole A and around quick-fried hole A, to more adapt to batch-type
The feature of rock burst preparation process complexity breeds evolutionary process to batch-type rock burst and carries out finer monitoring, with strong points.
More specifically, two the second borehole cameras probe 20b are laid in quick-fried hole A.Four the are laid around quick-fried hole A
Two borehole cameras probe 20b.In this way, further increasing the monitoring accuracy to rock masses fracturing.
Optionally, the second borehole camera probe 20b can pop one's head in for digital panoramic borehole camera.
It should be noted that repeatedly being taken the photograph using the first borehole camera probe 20a and the second borehole camera probe 20b
As monitoring, to improve the precision of monitoring result.
Specific in embodiment, for installing the hole of the first borehole camera probe 20a and the second borehole camera probe 20b
It needs to carry out waterflood flush, with the rock powder in evacuation aperture, guarantees the clarity of borehole camera probe camera shooting, it is more clear convenient for obtaining
Evolutionary process is bred in the batch-type rock burst of Chu.Optionally, for installing the first borehole camera probe 20a and the second borehole camera
The depth in the hole of probe 20b is 2.8m to 3m.
The advantages of monitoring method of evolutionary process is bred in above-mentioned tunnel batch-type rock burst is as follows:
The laying of microseismic sensors 10 of batch-type rock burst generation area is optimized, it is broken to improve local location rock mass
The precision and ability of the monitoring and identification split.
According to multiple microseismic sensors 10 to the monitoring result of batch-type rock burst area rock mass, in rock masses fracturing concentrated area cloth
The 20a if the first borehole camera is popped one's head in, and lay the second borehole camera inside quick-fried hole A and around quick-fried hole A and pop one's head in 20b, make pair
The monitoring and identification of rock masses fracturing have more specific aim.
The space monitoring of microseismic sensors 10 is engaged with the area monitoring that borehole camera is popped one's head in, is mutually authenticated, is ensured
Breed to batch-type rock burst the monitoring accuracy and monitoring capability of evolutionary process rock masses fracturing.
Each technical characteristic of embodiment described above can be combined arbitrarily, for simplicity of description, not to above-mentioned reality
It applies all possible combination of each technical characteristic in example to be all described, as long as however, the combination of these technical characteristics is not deposited
In contradiction, all should be considered as described in this specification.
The embodiments described above only express several embodiments of the present invention, and the description thereof is more specific and detailed, but simultaneously
It cannot therefore be construed as limiting the scope of the patent.It should be pointed out that coming for those of ordinary skill in the art
It says, without departing from the inventive concept of the premise, various modifications and improvements can be made, these belong to protection of the invention
Range.Therefore, the scope of protection of the patent of the invention shall be subject to the appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. the monitoring method that evolutionary process is bred in a kind of tunnel batch-type rock burst, which is characterized in that comprising steps of
Multiple microseismic sensors are laid in first time rock burst generation area；
According to the monitoring result of multiple microseismic sensors, the concentrated area of rock masses fracturing is obtained；
The first borehole camera probe is laid in the concentrated area of the rock masses fracturing, to be monitored to rock masses fracturing.
2. monitoring method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that lay multiple microseismic sensors in rock burst generation area
The step of include:
Multiple microseismic sensors are laid based on D value optimization design criterion, so that the target constructed by focus covariance matrix
The solution of function is less than preset value.
3. monitoring method according to claim 1 or 2, which is characterized in that multiple microseismic sensors are divided into four groups, often
Microseismic sensors described in one group include two；
It is wherein laid in the side that country rock has quick-fried hole for first group and second group, and is arranged at intervals at along tunnel axis direction described
It is quick-fried cheat far from face side, and described first group than described second group closer to the quick-fried hole；Wherein third group and the 4th
Group is laid in the opposite other side that the country rock has the quick-fried hole, and is intervally arranged along the tunnel axis direction.
4. monitoring method according to claim 3, which is characterized in that described in two in microseismic sensors described in each group
Microseismic sensors are located at haunch and the spandrel position of the country rock.
5. monitoring method according to claim 4, which is characterized in that described in two in microseismic sensors described in each group
Microseismic sensors misplace arrangement on the axis direction in the tunnel.
6. monitoring method according to claim 3, which is characterized in that described first group with it is described it is quick-fried hole and it is second group described
Between spacing be 25m to 35m.
7. monitoring method according to claim 3, which is characterized in that the third group corresponds to the quick-fried hole setting；It is described
4th group is located at the side of the third group far from the face, and is 25m to 35m with the spacing of the third group.
8. monitoring method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the monitoring method further comprises the steps of:
The second borehole camera probe is laid in quick-fried hole and around the quick-fried hole.
9. monitoring method according to claim 8, which is characterized in that lay two second drillings in the quick-fried hole and take the photograph
As probe；Four the second borehole camera probes are laid around the quick-fried hole.
10. monitoring method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the rock masses fracturing concentrated position lays two institutes
State the first borehole camera probe.
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